PK130 Service

Document Number 900824
centrifughe PK120 - PK130

centrifuges
Manuale di servizio
Service Manual
LEGGERE ATTENTAMENTE QUESTO MANUALE E QUELLO DI ISTRUZIONE PRIMA

DI RIPARARE L’APPARECCHIO
CAREFULLY READ THIS MANUAL AND THE OPERATING MANUAL BEFORE

REPAIRING YOUR INSTRUMENT
QUESTO DOCUMENTO E’ DI PROPRIETA’ DI ALC INTERNATIONAL Srl e

ne è interdetta la riproduzione e la comunicazione senza scritta autorizzazione
L’applicazione della garanzia è subordinata all’osservanza delle
istruzioni e precauzioni d’uso descritte in questo documento
THIS DOCUMENT IS PROPERTY OF ALC INTERNATIONAL SRL

it may not be duplicated or distributed without the owner's authorization
The validity of the guarantee is subject to the observation of the
instructions and precautions described in this document
AGGIORNAMENTI MANUALE DI SERVIZIO PK120 e PK130
REVISION STATUS SERVICE MANUAL PK120 and PK130

Cod. Art. 11290045
Cat. N. 11290045
INDICE DI REVISIONE DATA NOTE
REVISION LETTER DATE NOTES
EDIZIONE
Rev. a 01/1998
ORIGINALE
INITIAL
RELEASE
REVISIONE 04 / 1999 Up-Dating: Page no. 17, 26, 40, 48

Rev. b
MODIFICATION
REVISIONE 12 / 1999 Including Manual Cat. No.: Page no. 2

Rev. c
MODIFICATION

Rev. d
MODIFICATION

Rev. e
MODIFICATION
ALC International S.r.l. si riserva il diritto di apportare a questo manuale, in qualsiasi

momento e senza alcun preavviso, modifiche dovute ad errori tipografici, imprecisioni nei
contenuti o miglioramenti delle apparecchiature. Tali variazioni saranno comunque inserite nelle
edizioni successive di questo manuale
ALC International S.r.l. reserve the right to change any of our specifications without prior
notice as our products are constantly being developed and improved. They will be insert into new
edition of this manual
PK120 - PK130 Page 2 of 31

CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................... 4
1.1. PURPOSES .......................................................................................................................... 4
1.2 BIOLOGICAL RISK ................................................................................................................. 5
2. DESCRIPTION AND THEORY OF OPERATION.................................................................. 6
2.1. DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................. 6
2.2. SPECIFICATION .................................................................................................................... 6
2.3. INSTALLATION PRECAUTIONS ................................................................................................ 7
2.4. CENTRIFUGE COMPONENT .................................................................................................... 8
2.4.1. Exploded view PK120 - PK130 .................................................................................... 8
2.4.2. Component layout ....................................................................................................... 9
2.4.3. Feeder group ............................................................................................................... 9
2.5. FUNCTIONAL PRINCIPLES .................................................................................................... 10
2.6. MANAGEMENT OF THE INDUCTION MOTOR............................................................................ 11
2.6.1. Introduction................................................................................................................ 11
2.6.2. The motor .................................................................................................................. 11
2.6.3. Power control............................................................................................................. 11
2.7. ELECTRONICS .................................................................................................................... 13
2.7.1. Overall ....................................................................................................................... 13
2.7.2. µP+PWR board ......................................................................................................... 13
2.7.3. Load imbalance sensor.............................................................................................. 14
2.7.4. Optic sensor .............................................................................................................. 14
2.7.5. Temperature probe .................................................................................................... 14
2.7.6. Inputs - Outputs ......................................................................................................... 15
3. DIAGNOSTICS AND REPAIRS .......................................................................................... 16
3.1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. 16
3.2. MESSAGES ........................................................................................................................ 16
3.3. FAULT CODES .................................................................................................................... 17
4. REPLACEMENTS PROCEDURES..................................................................................... 18
4.1. MOTOR REPLACEMENT ....................................................................................................... 18
4.2. LOAD IMBALANCE SENSOR REPLACEMENT ........................................................................... 19
4.3. REPLACEMENT OF THE LID LOCK ASSEMBLY ......................................................................... 19
4.4. REPLACEMENT OF THE LID LOCK ASSEMBLY SPARE PARTS .................................................... 20
4.4.1 Lid lock microswitches replacement........................................................................... 20
4.4.2 Lock block ................................................................................................................. 20
4.4.3 Electromagnet Microswitch replacement.................................................................... 20
4.4.4 Electromagnet ........................................................................................................... 21
4.5. FEEDER GROUP REPLACEMENT ........................................................................................... 21
4.6. ELECTRIC BOARDS REPLACEMENT ...................................................................................... 22
4.6.1 µP+PWR board replacement ..................................................................................... 22
4.6.2. Keyboard-Display disassembly .................................................................................. 22
4.7. GAS SPRING REPLACEMENT ................................................................................................ 23
4.8. OPTIC SENSOR REPLACEMENT ............................................................................................ 23
4.9. EPROM REPLACEMENT ....................................................................................................... 23
4.10. LID REPLACEMENT .......................................................................................................... 24
4.11. MOTOR CHECKING .......................................................................................................... 24
5. CALIBRATION ................................................................................................................... 25
5.1. LOAD IMBALANCE SENSOR .................................................................................................. 25
6. ELENCO PEZZI DI RICAMBIO - SPARE PARTS LIST ...................................................... 26
PK120 - PK130 Page 3 of 31

1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. Purposes
This manual contains maintenance instructions for centrifuges PK120 – PK130, intended for use
by a qualified maintenance or service technician (We suggest reading also respective Operating
Manual).
It is organized to provide information on the theory of operation to assist in troubleshooting for
personnel of ALC International authorized service organization. Moreover, it outlines parts
replacement and calibration procedures for putting the centrifuges back into service.
Should a specific maintenance problem arise which is not covered in this manual, please ask the
authorized service organization, or contact our division indicated here below.
However it is always possible to have copies, updated or revisions of this manual contacting our
division:
Servizio Assistenza Tecnica (SAT)

ALC International S.r.l.
Via Carlo Porta, 3
20093 COLOGNO MONZESE - MI
ITALY
Tel. ++39.02.25111.427
Tel. ++39.02.25111.428
Fax. ++39.02.2670.8079
email: service@alcint.it
Website: http://www.alcint.it
PK120 - PK130 Pagina 4 di 31

1.2 Biological Risk
Most of safety problems related to appliance maintenance are due to human errors caused by
tiredness, lack of attention, negligence, incompetence, and more frequently than you might think,
as a consequence of extreme “familiarity” with biological risk; attitudes which bring to
underestimate the risk of exposure to pathogens.
It is not possible to carry out effective techniques of biological risk containment without taking into
account previous attitude of final user. Any prevention and biological risk containment program has
to be based on correct information and training aimed to make all people concerned adopt ways
of acting so that risk of autocontamination and contamination of working area is reduced to the
minimum.
Potential exposed people directly or no directly concerned in lab activities are usually researchers,
lab technicians, but also cleaning staff, maintenance personnel, no-technical personnel
(employees, storekeepers, drivers, caretakers, etc.), occasional visitors (agents, visitors, etc.) and,
in case of accidents or disasters, rescue service (firemen, stretcher-bearers, doctors, policemen,
civil defence, etc.).
Technical, organisational and procedural measures for biological risk containment, according to
Art. 79 of D.L. 626/94, must include:
• Evaluation of the danger level and quantity of biological material handled,
• A careful planning of working process to reduce or avoid the use of harmful pathogens and to
reduce the number of exposed people,
• The choice of technical measures of protection, collective and individual, as well as hygienic
ones to prevent an accidental spreading of biological agents out of working place,
• Arrangement of suitable procedures and systems for conservation, handling, collecting, and
transporting inside and outside working place, safe discharge of biological material used and
periodic check of an eventual presence of pathogens inside working place.
To satisfy partly requirements mentioned before, ALC established a Declaration of

Decontamination, which must be filled in by final user before sending the centrifuge to a
Technical Assistance Centre. The principle that inspires this declaration is awareness that user
only knows what has been put into the centrifuge, and who handles these substances only is able
to choose and use suitable product for decontamination.
Obviously, this assumption of responsibility by final user does not relieve maintenance personnel
of adopting protection measures against residual risk eventually occurring when handling a
product that conditions of use are unknown. Anyway, residual risk can be further reduced by
means of Individual Protection Devices: gloves (lattice made, not yet used), masks, safe
glasses.

2 DESCRIPTION AND THEORY OF OPERATION
2.1. DESCRIPTION
The PK120 and PK130 centrifuges was designed for laboratory use. Through the application of a
Relative Centrifugal Force (RCF) it allows the separation of substances made of different density
elements.
The shape of the rotating equipment is the main loading element: a swing-out rotating equipment
can carrie a higher load than a fixed angle or aerodynamical equipment. The larger the diameter of
a rotor, with accessories, the greater the load, and the maximum r.p.m..
Relative Centrifugal Force (RCF) generated by a rotating equipment is directly proportional to the
sedimentation useful radius and to the speed value square. (For more information see Chapter 4,
Operating Manual).
2.2. Specification
PK120 PK130
Dimensions
Height H 37,5 cm 37,5 cm
Width W 40 cm 40 cm
Depth D 48 cm 48 cm
Packaging HxWxD 48 x 54 x 61 cm 48 x 54 x 61 cm
Weight
Net weight 40 kg 40 kg
Net weight including packaging 45 kg 45 kg
Centrifugation characteristics
Max allowable capacity:
-6 3 -6 3
swing-out (4 x 190 ml) 760 x 10 m (4 x 280 ml) 11200 x 10 m
fixed-angle (6 x 50 ml) (6 x 94 ml)
3 3
Max allowable density 1200 kg/ m 1200 kg/ m
Max allowable weight 0.912 kg 1.34 kg
Max speed:
swing-out 4000 rpm 4000 rpm
fixed-angle 14000 rpm 14000 rpm
Max RCF at Tip:
swing-out 2879 xg 2933 xg
fixed-angle 18403 xg 18403 xg

Working temperature Ta + ∆T Ta + ∆T
Max noise < 62 dBA < 63 dBA
Electrical characteristics
Nominal operating voltage: 230V + 5% - 10% 50 Hz 230V + 5% - 10% 50 Hz
230V + 5% - 10% 60 Hz 230V + 5% - 10% 60 Hz
120V + 5% - 10% 60 Hz 120V + 5% - 10% 60 Hz
Power consumption: 3,5A (at 230V) 3,8A (at 230V)
6,8A (at 120V) 7A (at 120V)
Max power. tot. 480 W 520 W
Max tot. Power (steady state) 350 W 350 W
Max power requirement 800 VA 870 VA
Common Characteristics
− Microprocessor controlled
− 5 quick selection programs
− Work temperature Ta + ∆T
− Set/reading speed: 300 - 14000 rpm (10 - 100 rpm incr.)
− High or low (5 low shape) acceleration
− High or low (4 low coast-down + inertial) deceleration
− Set timer 1 min up to 99 min + ∞
− Pulse key “Momentary”
− Electronic-accelerometric imbalance encoder
− Direct drive motor
− Brushless induction drive motor
2.3. Installation precautions
Frequently an incorrect installation gives some problems. Please verify that:

1. the machine is installed in a dust and corrosion free room;
2. the Bench top is rigid, perfectly orizontal and sufficiently strong;
3. there are a 300 mm space free on each side of the machine and behind for a right ventilation.
Fig. 1.

2.4. Centrifuge component
The front panel, named “ANNITA III Processing & Control Interface” (see 2.7), is made up by one
keyboard and two display.
2.4.1. Exploded view PK120 - PK130
Fig. 2.

2.4.2. Component layout
Fig. 3.
① Feeder group ⑤ Lid solenoid

② Load imbalance sensor ⑥ Display assembly + keyboard
③ Electric motor ⑦ µP +PWR board
④ Centrifugation chamber ⑧ Gas spring
2.4.3. Feeder group
Fig. 4.
① Mains connector and fuse carrier ⑤ Terminal board earthing

② Terminal board Fast-on ⑥ Motor earth choke
③ Braking resistor ⑦ Mains filter
④ Mains toroidal transformer ⑧ Bearing

2.5. Functional principles
The microprocessor system which controls the PK120 and PK130 ensures the operation of the
following major elements:
• Set operating conditions.

• The control electronics generates a system of sinusoidal 3 phase voltages, variable in amplitude
and frequency.
• Automatical management of acceleration and deceleration shapes.
• Management of the safety devices:
− recognition of rotating equipment and speed restriction
− lid lock;
− zero speed detection;
− imbalance detection;
− motor overtemperature.
• Management of the diagnostic breakdown.
Fig. 5.

2.6. Management of the induction motor
2.6.1. Introduction
PK centrifuges are fitted with an asynchronous 3 phase induction motor.
During centrifugation, the control electronics generates a system of sinusoidal 3 phase voltages,
variable in amplitude and frequency.
During the braking phase, the energy returned by the motor is dissipated through a resistor.
2.6.2. The motor
The motor of the PK series comprises a 3 phase stator

and a short-circuited rotor.
The stator (even called inductor or primary) is made by a
magnetic core in the shape of ring: in the internal border of
the ring there are some slots for the windings. This
windings are arranged at 120° electricals; it means that
there are translated with the same angle which
corresponds at the three corrents displacement. When
correctly powered, the stator creates a magnetic field
rotating at the synchronised speed Ns:
F
Ns = 60 •
p
F: supply frequency
P: number of pairs of poles of the motor Fig. 6.
The motor’s rotor used is named “squirrel’s cage”; the slots are filled with melted aluminium for
make the bars which realize a loop. The rotating magnetic field generated in the motor induces
e.m.f.’s. These e.m.f.’s produce currents in the short circuited rotor. These induced currents found
in the magnetic field create forces opposed to those which induced them.
It is the relative speed between the rotor and the stator which is the cause of these induced
currents, thus the forces will reduced this relative speed by driving the rotor at a speed close to that
of the field created at the stator
The difference (s) between the synchronised speed Ns and the actual speed N of the rotor is called
the slippage.
Ns − N
s=
Ns
At a given frequency, the slippage value depends on the resisting torque (i.e. that of the rotor).
2.6.3. Power control
Three voltages, variable in amplitude and frequency, dephased by 2π/3, must be supplied from a
50 or 60Hz single phase mains supply.
The voltage is rectified then filtered by C to supply the constant voltage +E. The value of the
capacitor C is high.
For a 230 V - 50 Hz mains supply E = 230 √2 = 325 V
C = 470µF / 400 V
For a 120 V - 60 Hz mains supply E = 120 √2 = 170 V

C = 1500µF / 200 V

Fig. 7.
The 6 transistor act as switches (open or closed).
These transistor commute at a fixed frequency (8 kHz).

To affect he voltage at 1 we act upon the commands of the transistors A and B, B always being the
opposite to A (A = closed, B = open). By changing the cycle ratio (closed/open) we obtain a mean
sinusoidal value so we are able to vary the amplitude and frequency.
It is necessary that the pilot frequency must be elevated compared to the frequency of the
generated sinusoidal voltage. The latter is around 400 Hz at 24.000 r.p.m.(fPWM/fSIN≥10).
Speed synchronisation is directly proportional to the frequency of the voltage supplied to the motor.
Ns = f x60 (for a 2 pole motor).
The motor rotates at a speed N below the speed Ns.
Ns − N
= SLIPPAGE (the slippage varies between 1 and 3%).
Ns
To vary the speed, it is necessary to vary Ns and thus the frequency of the voltage supplied to the
motor.
The torque characteristics will be translated on the speed axis. The supply voltage will vary within 0
to 12000 r.p.m. in order to keep the U/f ratio (U = tension) constant and not saturate the magnetic
circuit.
VARIATION OF THE CURVE OF THE MOTOR TORQUE AS A FUNCTION OF THE SPEED

Fig. 8.

2.7. Electronics
2.7.1. Overall
Electronic structure is made by two boards: µP+PWR board at 16 bits, and the processing and
control interface, made by a display and a keyboard. The first one is into the body work (see fig.3,
n. ➆), the second one is behind the front panel ( see fig. 3, n.➅).
The centrifuge management program is contained in the “EPROM”; dates are transferred into a
“RAM” memory and they are memorized also when the centrifuge is stopping by a kind of battery
into the same RAM which supply the alimentation.
The load imbalance sensor is on the elastic suspension on the motor (see fig. 3, number ➁); it
allows to point out an excess of imbalance produced by a load of the rotating head.
2.7.2. µP+PWR board
3 distinct zones can be identified on this board. Each of the 3 zones has its own power supply and
insulation between the different parts is ensured by the use of opto-couplers. (fig. 9).
Fig. 9.
AREA 1
This zone includes the microprocessor, the EPROM memory with the program, the RAM memory
which includes all the Set temporary data.
The power supply for this zone is 5 VDC.
AREA 2
This zone includes all the Opto coupler which allows to insulate the entrance of microprocessor by
sensors or switch. This insulating is useful to avoid that noises coming from the outside can
compromise of the microprocessor’s operation.
The power supply for this zone is 12 VDC.

AREA 3
ATTENTION : THIS ZONE AT MAINS VOLTAGE!
This zone includes all the power circuit. It is made by:

1. The supply of the power module is 320 VoltDC trough rectifier and filtering of the mains voltage;
2. The optical insulation allows to protect the microprocessor by the Driver;
3. Driver: IGBT circuit control. This module allows to control the couple of power transistors throw
the 3 PWM (Pulse Width Modulating);
4. power module: this is the interface between “logic and motor”;
5. Motor brake driver system.
2.7.3. Load imbalance sensor
As I said before in the introduction, this sensor able

to show the exceed made by the load of rotating.
The energy possessed by the vibration is
transformed, by a piezoceramic, into an electric
signal.
This signal, after has been conditioned, is
dispatched to the µP for the safety management.
Fig. 10.
2.7.4. Optic sensor
The optic sensor is made by a LED-PHOTOTRANSISTOR which gates two pulses per revolution,
together with a disk.
2.7.5. Temperature probe
At the exit of the conditioning circuit the signal becomes 1.2VCC 0°C ± 80mV/°C.

2.7.6. Inputs - Outputs
Fig. 11.

3 DIAGNOSTICS AND REPAIRS
3.1. Introduction
The centrifuges of PK series offer some built-in functional tests which facilitate certain checks such
as for the tacho generator and lid lock solenoid. In addition, they generate certain alarm codes
accompanied by a message on the screen on audible alarm.
3.2. Messages
When the instrument is switched on,

“-ALC-” is displayed for a few
seconds at the bottom of the screen
followed by a number corresponding
to the kind of Eprom installed on the
centrifuge:
• 63 = PK120
• 64 = PK130
You can even see the release of the
Eprom.
For this purpose you have to push
one of the two keys timer during
starting.

3.3. Fault codes
When certain faults are detected an audible alarm is switched on in addition to a code and a
message. according to the fault, the machine stops automatically under the conditions indicated in
the following table:
CODE MESSAGE REASON COMMENTS/EXIT
E 01 During rotation measured Tachometer information considered

speed suddenly = zero. unreliable. Cycle stops without
braking.
E 02 Values of successive Tachometer information considered
speed measurements too unreliable. Cycle stops without
different braking.
E 03 -- --
E 04 Equipment during The motor is spinning yet When the motor is stopped it is
rotating when the centrifuge is possible to open the lid. Press any key
switch on to clean the message.
E 05 None -- --
E 06 Lid unlocked Lid unlocked during Run stops. It is impossible any
rotation operation till motor is stopped. Press
any key to clear the message.
E 07 None -- --
E 08 Motor Motor overtemperature The centrifuge stops if is running; it is
overtemperature (above 120°C) or faults in impossible spinning if the operation
the micro mode is START.
Waiting the cooling of the motor.
LID Lid unlocked Lid unlocked when start It is impossible to START.
selected Close the lid or check if the lid is
properly locked: message will be
cleaned
IMBAL Imbalance Imbalance detected Idem code ERR 6
SET Setting speed The set speed is higher Speed limit at:
error then the maximum speed 4.000 r.p.m.
expected to the rotor used 10.000 r.p.m.

4 REPLACEMENTS PROCEDURES
DISCONNECT THE MAINS POWER LEAD TO THE CENTRIFUGE

CAUTION: BEFORE ALL REPLACEMENT PROCEDURES !
4.1. Motor replacement
Disassembly (see fig.12)

1. Remove the pin from the gas spring
c
2. Remove the front panel d screwing
the five screws and disconnecting:
the line interruptor, the Flat Cables,
connector of the display and earth
wire. The two Flat Cables can be
disconnected either from the side of
the µP+PWR (connectors P1 and
P2) or from the side panel: it is
better to disconnect all the both
from the same side to avoid errors
during refitting. The panel
alimentation cable (red-black) can
be disconnected just from the panel.
Lift up the bowl seal eand unscrew the
three screws from the centrifugation
chamber
3. Remove the bowl seal chamber-
motor f.
4. Lift up and remove the Fig. 12.
centrifugation chamber g.
5. Disconnect the connectors h of the motor (J14), of the engine speed indicator (J4), of the load
imbalance sensor (J7), from the µP+PWR board, then disconnect the Fast-on of the motor earth
wire and the termoswitch connector.
6. Unscrew the fixing screw of the motor which is located on the motor base i
7. lift up the motor and remove it j
8. To dispatch the counterweight stabilising from the motor, insert the allen key, number 4, from the
top, going along the fins of the dissipator.
Remounting the motor

1. Carry out the above operations in the reverse order.

4.2. Load imbalance sensor replacement
Replacement
1. Remove the chamber (see paragraph 4.1)
2. The detector is attached at the counterweight
stabilising of the motor
3. Unscrew the 2 screws and dismount the sensor.
Fig. 13.
Refitting the sensor

1. Carry out the above operations in reverse order.
4.3. Replacement of the lid lock assembly
Replacement
1. Open the lid.
2. Remove the front panel unscrewing the five fixing screws and disconnecting: the line interruptor,
the Flat Cables, connector of the display and earth wire.
3. Disconnect the lid lock assembly from the µP+PWR board, disconnecting J8 and J10.
4. Unscrew the four mounting nuts c.
5. Remove the support.
Fig. 14.
① Mounting bolts
② Electromagnet Microswitch
③ Lid microswitch
④ Electromagnet
⑤ Lid handle

Refitting the assembly
1. Refit the assembly on the chassis, lining up it then pushing it by the four mounting nuts ➀.
2. Check that the assembly is properly correct, to have a good lock for the lid.
3. Unscrew the four mounting nuts to the chassis ➀.
4. Connect.
5. Refit the front panel.
4.4. Replacement of the lid lock assembly spare parts
Fig. 15.
4.4.1 Lid lock microswitches replacement
Replacement
1. Disconnect the microswitches ➀.
2. Unscrew the mounting bolts ➁ then dismount them.
Refitting
1. Carry out the above operations in reverse order. Check that the microswitches are not operated
when, lid closed and rotor in rotation, the lid opening lever is activated and comes to be blocked
by the solenoid.
4.4.2 Lock block
Replacement
1. Unscrew the locknut ➄.
2. Extract the screw ➃
3. Extract the grub screw ➈.
4. Extract the snap ring ➅.
5. Unscrew the bolt ➆ behind the grup screw ➈.
6. Detaining the lock block➇ ,extract the screw ➂ unscrewing it.
Refitting
1. Carry out the above operations in reverse order.
4.4.3 Electromagnet Microswitch replacement
Replacement
Operating on this microswitch can be done without dismounting the lid lock support.
1. Unscrew the 2 nuts holding the microswitch ➀➂. Dismount the switch with the 2 bolts and the 2
spacers, then disconnect it.

Refitting
1. To make it easier, start by correcting the new switch, then carry out the above operations in
reverse order.
BE CAREFUL THAT THE SOLENOID MOVES CORRECTLY THE

WARNING:
SWITCH LEVER !
4.4.4 Electromagnet
Replacement
1. Disconnect the electromagnet ➀➃. Modify the wiring harness to allow the replacement
2. Keeping it , unscrew the fixing screws behind the snap.
Refitting
1. Carry out the above operations in the reverse order.
2. Check that the plunger don’t have any difficulty.
N.B. Replacement of the lid lock microswitches and the electromagnet microswitches can be
obtained without remove all the lid lock assembly from the centrifuge.
4.5. Feeder group replacement
Replacement
1. Dismount the front panel.
2. Unscrew the screws d.
3. Unscrew the screw situated in
front of the mains toroidal
transformer e.
4. Disconnect all cable: J1, J2,
J9, J12, J13, earth wires,
mains cable and clips then
extract the Feeder group.
Fig. 16.
Refitting
Carry out the above operations in the reserve order.
WARNING: remind to refit all the clips: they must to maintain the same position then before

4.6. Electric boards replacement
4.6.1 µP+PWR board replacement

2. Disconnect all cables from the board: J1, J2, J3, J4, J5, J6, J7, J8, J9, J10, J11, J12, J13, J14,
P1, P2.
3. Unscrew the 5 screws holding the board. Remove the board.
Refitting
Carry out the above operation in reverse order. Do not forget to put the isolation (Maylar) between
the chassis and the board.
WARNING: to connect J1 see the fig. here below: it is ABSOLUTELY IMPERATIVE to
maintain the position of c and d
Fig. 17.
4.6.2. Keyboard-Display disassembly

1. The keyoboard-display is fitting at the front
panel: to replace it, it needs to dismount the
front panel unscrewing the five fixing screws
and disconnecting: line interrupter, Flat
Cables, connector of the display and earthed
wire.
2. Unloose the 4 nuts ➀ attached at the chassis
➁, then remove it.
Refitting
Carry out the above operations in reverse order,
taking care to refit correctly all the cables (see
fig. 17).
Fig. 18.

4.7. Gas spring replacement
Replacement
To replace the gas spring, see motor replacement (paragraph 4.1) (see also Component layout
par. 2.4.2 number ➇) as follow:
1. See par. 4.1. numbers 1 to 5
2. Extract the feeder group (see par. 4.5).
3. Now the gas spring is constrained just on the bottom by a nut with a screw.
4. Remove the screw.
5. Extract the gas spring.
Refitting
Carry out the above operations in the reverse order.
4.8. Optic sensor replacement
Replacement
1. Dismount the elastic suspension, unscrewing the 3 fixing
screws ➀.
2. Unscrew the two fixing screws of the optic sensor, then
extract it (may attention to the number d).
Refitting
Carry out the above operations in the reverse order.
Fig. 19.
4.9. Eprom replacement
FOR EPROM REPLACEMENT USE ONLY THE SUITABLE

WARNING EXTRACTOR !
DURING REPLACEMENT OPERATION KEEP THE EPROM

WARNING PARALLEL TO THE SOCKET !
Extraction
2. To substitute the EPROM it is not necessary dismount the µP+PWR board!
3. Extract the Eprom.

Insertion
1. See figure on the right
INSERT THE NEW EPROM KEEPING THE KEY (SLOT) TOWARDS

WARNING THE MICROPROCESSOR, ALWAYS USING THE EXTRACTOR
2. Do the right calibrations: see CHAPTER n. 5
4.10. Lid replacement
1. Open the lid

2. As indicated in the paragraph 4.1 (see Fig. 12), remove the grub screw from the gas spring
attached at the lid
3. Unscrew the five screws connecting the lid to the lid hinge, Fig. 19
4. Remove the lid.
Fig. 20.
4.11. Motor checking
To check the motor status in spite of the electrical circuit, it is enough to verify the continuity
between the phases.
Check that:
1. the two phases values are the same (max difference ± 0.2Ω);
2. the two phases values must be ≥ 7Ω (accuracy ± 0.2Ω).
3. there are not continuity interruptions.
If the condition n. 1 is not respected, the motor can run in jerks.
If the condition n. 2 is not respected, can be the motor overtemperature
If the condition n. 3 is not respected, .the motor does not start.
No more checking are necessary.
5. CALIBRATION
5.1. Load imbalance sensor
Way of determination for intervention limit
When the Eprom is changed, all the information are lost. In the case of non calibration, to avoid
bad interventions, the Eprom produces a default value about the intervention limit of the sensor at
350.
WARNING CALIBRATION MUST ALWAYS BE DONE

The calibration is realised by an auto apprenticeship of the vibration peak from the microprocessor:
it’s no more necessary to realise the least manual calibration.
Perform as follow:
1. Come at the Config menu, pressing simultaneously the key PROG ➀ + ➁ + ➂ when the
instrument is switched on.
2. Timer display will show: , while the speed display will show a random number.
3. Pressing START the both Display will show respectly and:
• value 00 after a change of the Eprom;
• a value between 0 and 1024 in the case of previous calibration already done.
4. Load the centrifuge with O-F25 (PK130) or O-E24 (PK120).
5. Simulate the maximum imbalance, loading 8 g on the bottom of the buckets.
THE ROTATING EQUIPMENT MUST BE CORRECTLY BALANCED

WARNING
7. Close the lid and press PROG ➄, then wait the cycle of auto apprenticeship will be finished: at
the end the display will show a number between 300 and 700. If the result is different, please
repeat, if it keep on contact the manufacturer.
Remark: by pressing PROG 3 it is possible to visualize alternately the rpm number and imbalance
value.
8. Press STOP to exit from the menu of configuration and to go into work mode.
IT IS ONLY POSSIBLE TO SAVE THE NEW CONFIGURATION JUST
WARNING AT THE END OF THE CYCLE
Fig. 21.

6 ELENCO PEZZI DI RICAMBIO - SPARE PARTS LIST
VISTA GENERALE
GENERAL VIEW

VISTA GENERALE
GENERAL VIEW
PART. COD. DESCRIZIONE Q.tà

ITEM CAT n. DESCRIPTION Q.ty
1 89000838 Interruttore di linea 1

Power switch
2 - Pannello frontale 1
(PK120) Front panel
2 - Pannello frontale 1
(PK130) Front panel
3 11202457 Modulo tastiera + Display 1

(PK120) Keyboard + display
3 11202459 Modulo tastiera + Display 1

(PK130) Keyboard + display
4 89000943 Guarnizione 1
Bowl seal
5 89002039 Camera di centrifugazione 1

Centrifugation chamber
6 89000840 Molla a gas 1

Gas spring
7 89000839 Guarnizione camera - motore 1

Bowl seal chamber - motor
8 85240195 Ganci di chiusura 1 of 2

Lid Latch
9 11200717 Cerniera 1
Lid hinge
- 85280460 Scheda uP+PWR 230Volt

Main board 230Volt
- 85280515 Scheda uP+PWR 120Volt

Main board 120Volt

MOTORE
MOTOR

VISTA MOTORE
GENERAL VIEW

1 38500010 Motore 1
(PK120) Motor
1 38500012 Motore 1
(PK130) Motor
2 11200508 Massa Stabilizzatrice 1

Counterweight stabilising
3 89000853 Encoder r.p.m. 1

Encoder r.p.m.
4 89000843 Sensore di disequilibrio 1

Load imbalance sensor

VISTA SERRATURA
LOCK VIEW

1 89000842 Microinterruttore chiusura coperchio 1 of 2

Lid microswitch
2 11202913 Assieme serratura 1

Assembly Lock
3 - Reed completo 1
4 89000927 Elettromagnete 1
Electromagnet
5 89000846 Molla gancio 1

Spring
6 --- Blocchetto serratura 1 of 2

Lock

GRUPPO ALIMENTAZIONE
FEEDER GROUP

1 86000614 Presa di tensione e porta fusibili 1

Mains connector and fuse carrier
2 89000854 Resistenza freno 56Ω/50W 1 of 2

Braking resistor 56Ω/50W
3 89000837 Trasformatore Toroidale 230Volt 1

Toroidal transformer 230Volt
3 11204238 Trasformatore Toroidale 120Volt 1

Toroidal transformer 120Volt
4 89000855 Gruppo alimentazione completo 230Volt 1

Feeder group 230Volt
4 11202931 Gruppo alimentazione completo 120Volt 1

Feeder group 120Volt
5 11202852 Filtro di linea 230Volt 1

Line filter 230Volt
5 11202584 Filtro di linea 120Volt 1

Line filter 120Volt

PK130 Service

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Document Number 900824

centrifughe PK120 - PK130

LEGGERE ATTENTAMENTE QUESTO MANUALE E QUELLO DI ISTRUZIONE PRIMA

CAREFULLY READ THIS MANUAL AND THE OPERATING MANUAL BEFORE

QUESTO DOCUMENTO E’ DI PROPRIETA’ DI ALC INTERNATIONAL Srl e

THIS DOCUMENT IS PROPERTY OF ALC INTERNATIONAL SRL

REVISION STATUS SERVICE MANUAL PK120 and PK130

INDICE DI REVISIONE DATA NOTE

REVISION LETTER DATE NOTES

REVISIONE 04 / 1999 Up-Dating: Page no. 17, 26, 40, 48

REVISIONE 12 / 1999 Including Manual Cat. No.: Page no. 2

REVISIONE 04 / 2000 Up-Dating: Page no. 5, 6, 29, 30

REVISIONE 07 / 2000 Up-Dating: Page no. 27, 29, 30, 31

ALC International S.r.l. si riserva il diritto di apportare a questo manuale, in qualsiasi

PK120 - PK130 Page 2 of 31

PK120 - PK130 Page 3 of 31

Servizio Assistenza Tecnica (SAT)

PK120 - PK130 Pagina 4 di 31

To satisfy partly requirements mentioned before, ALC established a Declaration of

PK120 - PK130 Pagina 5 di 31

PK120 - PK130 Pagina 6 di 31

2.3. Installation precautions

Frequently an incorrect installation gives some problems. Please verify that:

PK120 - PK130 Pagina 7 di 31

2.4.1. Exploded view PK120 - PK130

PK120 - PK130 Pagina 8 di 31

① Feeder group ⑤ Lid solenoid

2.4.3. Feeder group

① Mains connector and fuse carrier ⑤ Terminal board earthing

PK120 - PK130 Pagina 9 di 31

• Set operating conditions.

PK120 - PK130 Pagina 10 di 31

PK centrifuges are fitted with an asynchronous 3 phase induction motor.

2.6.2. The motor

The motor of the PK series comprises a 3 phase stator

2.6.3. Power control

For a 120 V - 60 Hz mains supply E = 120 √2 = 170 V

PK120 - PK130 Pagina 11 di 31

The 6 transistor act as switches (open or closed).

These transistor commute at a fixed frequency (8 kHz).

VARIATION OF THE CURVE OF THE MOTOR TORQUE AS A FUNCTION OF THE SPEED

PK120 - PK130 Pagina 12 di 31

2.7.2. µP+PWR board

PK120 - PK130 Pagina 13 di 31

ATTENTION : THIS ZONE AT MAINS VOLTAGE!

This zone includes all the power circuit. It is made by:

2.7.3. Load imbalance sensor

As I said before in the introduction, this sensor able

2.7.4. Optic sensor

2.7.5. Temperature probe

PK120 - PK130 Pagina 14 di 31

PK120 - PK130 Pagina 15 di 31

When the instrument is switched on,

PK120 - PK130 Pagina 16 di 31

CODE MESSAGE REASON COMMENTS/EXIT

E 01 During rotation measured Tachometer information considered

PK120 - PK130 Pagina 17 di 31

DISCONNECT THE MAINS POWER LEAD TO THE CENTRIFUGE

4.1. Motor replacement

Disassembly (see fig.12)

Remounting the motor

PK120 - PK130 Pagina 18 di 31

Refitting the sensor