1902 wlis Semodgoma iwureboda.

venis axal gareubanSi, samxedro akademiis win, beberi wablis

xeebis qveS vijeqi da wigns vkiTxulobdi. kiTxvam ise gamitaca, verc SevniSne, rogor momiaxlovda
Cveni maswavleblis friad ganswavluli da keTili moZRvari _ horaCeki. akademiaSi sxva moZRvari
arc gvyolia. man wigni gamomarTva, Tavfurcels daxeda da gaocebulma wamoiZaxa: `rainer maria
rilkes leqsebi!~: Semdeg gadafurcla, erT-or leqss Tvali gadaavlo da Cafiqrebulma miTxra:
`maSasadame, rene rilke leqsebs wers?~
da, ai, maSin movismine susti, fermkrTali biWis ambavi. 15 wlis arc yofila, mSoblebs sankt-
poltenis dawyebiT samxedro-realur skolaSi rom miubarebiaT _ Zalian surdaT maTi Svili
oficeri gamxdariyo. saswavleblis moZRvari maSinac horaCeki yofila da aRsazrdelic kargad
axsovda. rilke Cumi, seriozuli da Zalze niWieri ymawvili gaxldaTo, miTxra, martoobas etaneboda,
internatis yazarmul wesebs ki moTminebiT emorCilebodao. oTxi wlis Semdeg, sxvebTan erTad
moraviis vaiskirhenis umaRles samxedro-realur skolaSi gadasula: iq ki, didi datvirTvisgan bavSvi
fizikurad daZabunebula. mSoblebs saswavleblidan gamouyvaniaT da rilkes, ojaxTan axlos, praRaSi
gaugrZelebia swavla.
ra bedi ewia mas Semdeg rene rilkes, horaCekmac ar icoda.
vfiqrob, mimixvdebiT, ratomac mivmarTe rainer maria rilkes: ratom gavugzavne mas Cemi pirveli
poeturi nacodvilari da vTxove, piruTvnelad moexsenebina Tavisi azri.
male oci weli Semisruldeboda da profesia unda amomerCia. samxedro samsaxuri ki, simarTle
giTxraT, gulze ar mexateboda. werilis miwera arc mifiqria, magram Cemda uneburad baraTic
davwere: mjeroda, rom krebulis _ `zeimad Cemda~ _ avtori gulisnadebs mimixvdeboda, kidec
TanamigrZnobda da aucilebel rCevasac momcemda. metismeti moridebisa da Tavmdablobis gareSe
gadavuxseni guli poets. unda gamogitydeT, aseTi gulaxdili aravisTan vyofilvar, arc manamde, arc
mas Semdeg.
pasuxi mogvianebiT miviRe. werili parizidan iyo gamogzavnili da xelSi aRebisas mZime meCvena;
xelnaweri ki, viT Sinaarsi, avtoris mtkice xasiaTze mimaniSnebda.
ase daiwyo regularuli mimowera Cemsa da rainer maria rilkes Soris da 1908 wlamde gastana.
Semdeg ki Sewyda. Sewyda, radgan Cemi cxovreba swored im gziT warimarTa, romlisgan Cemi dacvac,
guliTadi rCeviTa Tu TanadgomiT, Zlier ewada poets.
Tumca, mTavari es ar aris. mTavari aq warmodgenili aTi werilia. Tqven eziarebiT samyaros,
romelSic rainer maria rilke cxovrobda da qmnida; es werilebi, albaT, megzurobasac gauweven
yvelas, vinc ki Ziebis, ganviTarebisa da TviTdadgenis Znel gzas mihyveba: megzurebiviT gahyvebian
marad maZiebeli sulis adamianebs, iqnebian isini Cveni Tanamedroveni Tu Soreuli STamomavalni.
amasRa davZen: roca didi adamiani laparakobs, patarebs dumili gvmarTebs.
berlini, ivnisis Tve. 1929 w.
franc qsaver kapusi

parizi, 17 Tebervali, 1903

Rirseulo batono, am ramdenime dRis win miviRe Tqveni werili. minda madloba mogaxsenoT im
didi ndobisTvis, Cemdami rom gamoiCineT, radgan kargad vici misi fasi. amaze mets verafers getyviT:
veras getyviT Tqveni leqsebis avkargianobaze, vinaidan xelovnebis nawarmoebisadmi yovelgvari
kritikuli mimarTeba uaRresad ucxoa CemTvis. xelovnebis qmnilebas yvelaze naklebad kritikuli
gansjiT Caswvdeba kaci, radgan kritika yovelTvis xelovnebis nawarmoebis metnakleb vergagebazea
dafuZnebuli. sagnebis Cawvdoma da gamoTqma arc ise advilia, rogorc umetesad gvarwmuneben.
movlenaTa umravlesoba usaxeloa da iseT sivrceSi miedineba, sadac jer arcerT sityvas ar
SeuRwevia; yvelaze ufro gamoucnobi ki xelovnebis nawarmoebebia, _ idumalebiT moculi arsni, Cvens
maxloblad rom damkvidrebulan da adamianTa swrafwarmaval sicocxleze xangrZlivi yofiereba aqvT
momadlebuli.
vinaidan Cemi azri windawin ukve mogaxseneT, imasac davZen, rom Tqvens leqsebs sakuTari saxe ar
gaaCnia, Tumca maTSi mainc iCens Tavs individualuri, TviTmyofadi sawyisis faruli marcvali.
yvelaze metad es marcvali Tqvens bolo leqsSi (`suli Cemi~) igrZnoba. aq raRac Tqveneuls surs
gadaiqces sityvad. xolo mSvenier leqsSi `leopardisadmi~ Taviseburi siaxlove da naTesaobac ki
mJRavndeba am did da martosul adamianTan. Tumca, vimeoreb, Tqvens leqsebs jerjerobiT TviTmyofadi
saxe ar gaaCniaT da, saerTod, arc did Rirebulebas warmoadgenen; TviT es bolo leqsica da
1
leopardisadmi miZRvnilic. Tqvenma baraTma, am leqsebs rom axlda, ufro TvalnaTliv damanaxa Tqveni
poeziis naklovaneba, rasac kiTxvisas ki vgrZnobdi, magram saxels ver varqmevdi.
mekiTxebiT, momwons Tu ara Tqveni leqsebi. amjerad me mekiTxebiT, iseve, rogorc sxvebs
ekiTxebodiT Cemamde. leqsebs ugzavniT gamomcemlobebs, adarebT sxvaTa nawerebs da Zalze ganicdiT,
zogierTi redaqcia uars rom giTvliT maT gamoqveynebaze.
me ki girCevT, raki rCeva mTxoveT, Tavi daaneboT am yvelafers. Tqven mTlianad gareT ixedebiT
da, ai, swored amas ar unda sCadiodeT axla. yvelaze naklebad amis ufleba gaqvT. damerwmuneT,
sasikeTos veravin girCevT da veravin dagexmarebaT. gamosavali mxolod erTia: CaRrmavdeT Tqvensave
TavSi da moiZioT is ZirisZiri, werisken rom mogiwodebT. SeamowmeT, aRweven Tu ara misi fesvebi
Tqveni gulis uRrmes kunWulSi. Tavs gamoutydiT, mokvdebodiT Tu ara, TqvenTvis wera rom
aekrZalaT. yvelaze uwin ki, Rameuli ganmartoebis Jams, hkiTxeT sakuTar Tavs: unda vwero? Tqvenive
sulis siRrmeSi eZieT ganaCeni da Tu dadebiT pasuxs miiRebT, Tuki am yvelaze arsebiT kiTxvas
mTeli Tqveni arseba uryev da ubralo pasuxs miagebs _ `me unda vwerde~, maSin aageT cxovreba am
aucileblobis mixedviT. Tqveni sicocxlis yoveli uferuli Tu mosawyeni wuTic ki am SemoqmedebiTi
swrafvis niSani da dasabuTeba unda iyos. Semdeg bunebas miuaxlovdiT. mere ki scadeT da pirveli
adamianiviT gamoTqviT, rasac xedavT, ganicdiT, giyvarT da hkargavT. nu dawerT samijnuro leqsebs;
erideT gacveTil da gavrcelebul Temebs, radgan Zalian rTulia axali Tqva iq, sadac kargi da,
arcTu iSviaTad, brwyinvale tradiciac arsebobs; amisTvis aucilebelia didi da momwifebuli Zala.
girCevT, daexsnaT zogad motivebs da yuradReba Tqvens yoveldRiur cxovrebaze gaamaxviloT: asaxeT
Tqveni sulis yoveli TrTolva, Tqveni naRveli da survilebi, swrafwarmavali fiqrebi da is, rac
raime mSvenierebis rwmenas giRviZebT. asaxeT yovelive Cumi, Sinagani TvinierebiTa da gulwrfelobiT;
sakuTari TviTgamoxatvisTvis moiSvelieT garemomcveli sagnebi, sizmareul-ocnebiseuli suraT-
xatebi, mogonebas SemorCenili nivTebi Tu adamianebi. Tuki sakuTari yoveldRiuroba uferuli da
uSinaarso geCvenebaT, mizezs sxvagan nu moiZiebT. igi TqvenSia, Tqveni bralia da unda aRiaroT, rom
jer kidev ara xarT mzad, jer kidev ara xarT poeti da Tqveni cxovrebis saganZurze xeli ar
migiwvdebaT: radgan SemoqmedisTvis ar arsebobs siRatake da mwiri, umniSvnelo, arafrismTqmeli
garemo. sapyrobileSic rom yofiliyaviT, romlis kedlebSic ubralo Cqamic ki ver SemoaRwevda, gana
iq ki carieli da ubadruki iqneboda Tqveni yofa? gana TqvenTan ar iqneboda Tqveni bavSvoba, es
fasdaudebeli, mefuri saunje, mogonebaTa es ganZTsacavi? yuri miugdeT mas da amotivtivdebian
Soreul warsulSi CaZiruli ambebi, Tqveni pirovneba ZaliTa da simtkiciT aRivseba, Tqveni
martoobac ganivrcoba, gafarTovdeba da mwuxriT Senabindar saxlad geqcevaT, sadac veRar
SemoaRwevs sxvaTa xmauri. Tu sakuTari Tavisken aseTi miqcevis Sedegi, sakuTar arsSi wiaRsvlis
Sedegi leqsebi iqneba, maSin azradac ar mogivaT, vinmes hkiTxoT: kargia es leqsebi Tu ara.
redaqciebis dainteresebasac aRar ecdebiT, radgan Tqvens leqsebSi TqvenTvis bunebriv, sayvarel
sauflos dainaxavT, Tqveni cxovrebis sisxlxorceul nawilsa da xmas. xelovnebis qmnileba kargia,
ukeTu mas Sinagani aucilebloba warmoSobs: xelovnebis nawarmoebis amgvari warmomavloba misi
Sefasebis sazomicaa da misi Rirsebis ganmsazRvrelic, sxva kriteriumi ar arsebobs. amitom, Rrmad
pativcemulo batono, Cemi rCeva iqneba: daadeqiT Tqvensav siRrmeSi mimaval gzas da moCxrikeT, sad
iRebs saTaves Tqveni cxovreba. am saTavesTan ipovniT pasuxs kiTxvaze, unda qmnideT Tu – ara. nu
SegaSfoTebT pasuxi, rogoric ar unda iyos igi, da nuRar ecdebiT mis gansjas: Tu Tqveni mowodeba
xelovnebaa, maSin miiReT da atareT es mZime da diadi xvedri da sazRaurs nu mohkiTxavT gare
qveynierebas: radgan Semoqmedi TviTon unda iqces TavisTavad samyarod da yovelive sakuTar Tavsa da
bunebis wiaRSi hpovos, bunebaSi, romelic misi sisxlxorceuli nawilia da diadi Tanamzraxveli.
Tumca, mosalodnelia, rom, sakuTar arsebasa da martoobaSi amgvari wiaRsvlis Semdeg, poetoba
aRarc isurvoT (rogorc ukve vTqviT, sakmarisia igrZnoT, rom weris gareSec ZalgiZT sicocxle,
aRar geqnebaT weris ufleba). magram amaod ar CagivliT is, rac me gTxoveT: Tqvensave TavTan
dabruneba. Tqveni cxovreba yvela SemTxvevaSi aucileblad ipovis sakuTar gzas. Zlier msurs, es gza
sasikeTo da nayofieri iyos TqvenTvis: Cemi survili kidev ufro mets gulisxmobs, vidre amas
sityvebiT gamovxatav. kidev ra unda meTqva? mTavari saTqmeli, vgoneb, ukve mogaxseneT; Tumca erTsac
girCevT: mudam izardeT Sinaganad, izardeT Cumi da seriozuli TviTganviTarebis gziT. am zrdas
yovlad uxeSad TviTve SeuSliT xels, Tuki gareT daiwyebT Zebnas da gare samyarodan daelodebiT
pasuxs im kiTxvebze, razec mxolod Tqveni uSinaganesi grZnoba gipasuxebdaT Tqveni arsebis uCumares
wuTs. Zalze gamaxareT, profesor horaCekze rom momwereT. gadaeciT, rom did mowiwebas ganvicdi am
ganswavluli kacisadmi da misdami dauviwyari madlierebis grZnobas vinaxav. mixaria, rom vaxsovar.
kargad mesmis am xsovnis mniSvneloba. leqsebs, megobariviT rom gamandeT, ukan gibrunebT. kidev
2
erTxel mogaxsenebT madlobas didi da gulwrfeli ndobisTvis: me vecade, odnav mainc
gamemarTlebina Tqveni ndoba da aseve gulwrfeli, marTlacda sakuTari cxovrebiseuli gamocdilebiT
mopovebuli pasuxi gameca TqvenTvis, radgan manamde jerac ucxo, SesaZloa, arc viyavi am ndobis
Rirsi.

TanagrZnobiTa da keTili survilebiT,

rainer maria rilke

viarejio pizasTan, italia,

5 aprili, 1903

momiteveT, Zvirfaso batono, 24 Tebervlis werilze pasuxi rom dagigvianeT da madlobasac

mxolod dRes gixdiT. mTeli es xani iseTma ucnaurma moTenTilobam Semipyro, gaciebisas rom icis
xolme. avad ar gavmxdarvar, magram yovelgvari saqmianobis survilic da Zalac wamerTva. bolos da
bolos, raki ver iqna da ver movikeTe, mivaSure samxreTis zRvas, romlis keTilmoqmedi Zalac
erTxel ukve gamovcade. jer kidev ar movmjobinebulvar. wera Zalian miWirs da es oriode
striqonic ufro mravlismTqmeli iqneba, albaT.
Tqveni yoveli werili sasixaruloa CemTvis da amaSi eWvi ar unda geparebodeT. oRond,
lmobieric iyaviT Cemi pasuxis mimarT, ukeTu imeds gagicruebT; Cven xom sulis siRrmeSi, Cveni
cxovrebis umniSvnelovanes da gadamwyvet wuTebSi, eniT auwerlad martoni varT. am dros erTmaneTis
daxmareba rom SevZloT, anda vinmes raime vurCioT, bevri ram unda moxdes, Sinaganad bevri ram unda
SeiZlos kacma, saganTa mTeli konstelacia unda CaerTos, rom bedma erTxel mainc gagviRimos da
swori rCeva mivceT erTmaneTs, an davexmaroT.
dRes ki mxolod or sakiTxze gavamaxvileb Tqvens yuradRebas:
ironia:
erideT mas, gansakuTrebiT araSemoqmedebiT wuTebSi. qmnis procesSi ki gamoiyeneT, rogorc
cxovrebis Secnobis kidev erT saSualeba. samarTliani ironia saWiroa da arc unda moeridoT, Tumca,
zedmetadac nu miendobiT, scadeT da Tqveni mzera da gulisyuri diadi, ufro mniSvnelovani
sagnebisken mimarTeT, romelTa winaSec ironia umweoa da Zalas kargavs. eZieT saganTa arsi, siRrme:
iq ironia ver aRwevs. da Tu arss SeimecnebT, egeb isic gamoikvlioT, ironia Sinagani aucileblobiT
gamowveuli Tqveneuli xedvaa Tu – ara; radgan amaRlebuli da diadi sagnebis winaSe ubralo
ironiis survili saerTod dagekargebaT, xolo Tu igi Tqveni bunebis arsebiTi da ganuyofeli
nawilia, didad dagexmarebaT sakuTari, TviTmyofadi xelovnebis SeqmnaSi.
da kidev ra mindoda meTqva: Cems biblioTekaSi ramdenime aucilebeli wigni meguleba. maT Soris
ori, sadac ar unda viyo, ganuyrelad Tan damaqvs. da, ai, axlac Tan wamoviRe: biblia da danieli
poetis iens peter iakobsenis Txzulebebi. iqneb Tqvenc wagikiTxavT misi nawerebi. iakobsenis wignebis
SeZena Zalze iolia, TxzulebaTa erTi nawilis mSvenieri Targmani gamovida `reklamis~ universalur
biblioTekaSi. SeiZineT i. p. iakobsenis `eqvsi novela~ da romani `nils liune~. kiTxva daiwyeT
pirveli tomis pirvelive novelidan, romelsac `mogensi~ ewodeba, da myisve Tvalwin gadageSlebaT
ukidegano qveyniereba. Tqven SeicnobT bednierebas, SeaRebT umdidresi ganZTsacavis idumal kars da
Tvals gausworebT warmoudgenlad diadsa da Rrma samyaros. icxovreT erTxans am TxzulebaTa
garemocvaSi. maTgan SeiTviseT is, rasac Seswavlis Rirsad scnobT, magram, upirveles yovlisa,
SeiyvareT isini da siyvarulic aTaswilad aginazRaurdebaT. mere ki, Tundac SeicvaloT an sxva gzas
daadgeT, es siyvaruli, damerwmuneT, didxans gagyvebaT da sicocxles gaagrZelebs Tqveni
mravalsaxovani gamocdilebis, imedgacruebisa Tu sixarulis gviristebs Soris.
Tuki odesme vinme dainteresdeba da mkiTxavs, Tu visgan Sevisisxlxorce Semoqmedebis arsi, misi
siRrmisa da maradiulobis codna, maSin or pirovnebas davasaxelebdi.
iakobsens, am did, didebul poets da rodens, ubadlo moqandakes Tanamedrove xelovanTa Soris.
gisurvebT, TqvenTvis SeuZlebeli da miuRweveli araferi yofiliyos Ziebis rTul gzaze.

Tqveni
rainer maria rilke

3
 viarejio pizasTan, italia,
23 aprili, 1903

Zvirfaso batono, Zalze gamaxareT saaRdgomo baraTiT, radgan igi kargis mauwyebeli aRmoCnda;
raki iakobsenis didma xelovnebam ase Rrma zemoqmedeba iqonia Tqvenze, vfiqrob, rom sworad
moviqeci, roca Tqveni cxovrebis uamravi SekiTxva swored am savse sawyaulisken mivmarTe.
axla ki Tqvens winaSe gadaiSleba `nils liune~-s didebuli da Rrma samyaro; rac dro gadis,
miT ufro metad aRiqvam am nawarmoebis mTel sidiades. miT ufro mravlismetyveli da
cxovrebiseuli sibrZniT savse geCveneba; marTlacda, yovelives moicavs igi: uCumes da ufaqizes
surnelsa Tu mZime nayofTa umZafres gemos; aq yoveli movlena da sagani bolomdea Secnobili,
gancdili, gamocdili da mogonebaTa mTrTolav eqoSi xelaxla moZiebuli. am SemoqmedisTvis yoveli
gancda erTnairad mniSvnelovani da yuradsaRebia; TviT uubraloesi SemTxvevac ki bedisweris niSans
atarebs, xolo Tavad bediswera sakvirvel, vrcel qsovils hgavs, sadac yoveli gviristi usazRvrod
nazi xeliT aris Caqsovili sxva gviristebSi. maTTan erTad qmnis mTlianobas, romlis aucilebel da
ganuyofel erTeuls Tavadac warmoadgens. Tqven am romanis pirvelad wakiTxvis bedniereba geliT
win. uecrad ucxo samyaroSi gadainacvlebT, gamoucnobi sizmariviT gagaognebT misi moulodnelobiT
aRsavse garemo. Tumca, SemiZlia giTxraT: ramdenjerac ar unda waikiTxoT es romani, misi
zemoqmedebis Zala odnavadac ar ganeldeba: iakobsenis nawarmoebebi arc maTTvis Cveul jado-Zalas
kargaven da arc momnusxvel zRaprulobas, riTac pirveli wakiTxvisTanave xiblaven adamians, dro
Rirsebas hmatebs da aras aklebs am nawarmoebebs da madlierebis grZnobiT ivsebi, radganac sibrZnes
eziare, samyaros ubralo da uSualo aRqmis sibrZens da ufro Rrma rwmeniT ganimsWvale sicocxlisa
da sakuTari Tavis mimarT, radgan Seicani sakuTari, Tavisufali da Zlieri buneba.
Tqveni azri romanis _ `aq vardni unda xarobdnen~, _ formis srulyofilebisa da daxvewilobis
Taobaze srul WeSmaritebas warmoadgens; marTals brZanebT wignis winasityvaobis avtorzec. Tumca,
Cemi Txovna iqneboda, rac SeiZleba naklebad ikiTxoT esTetikur-kritikuli xasiaTis literatura;
kritikuli nawerebi, ZiriTadad, ama Tu im partia-dajgufebis azrdakarguli, usicocxlo
Sexedulebebia, anda moxerxebuli sityvaTTamaSi, sadac dRes erTi Tvalsazrisi batonobs da xval _
meore, misi sawinaaRmdego; xelovnebis qmnilebani usasrulo martoobiTaa aRbeWdili da maTi wvdoma
yvelaze nakleb swored kritikas xelewifeba. mxolod siyvaruls ZaluZs samarTliani iyos maT
mimarT, Seicnos da SeinarCunos isini. sakuTar Tavsa da Sinagan alRos unda endo kaci da ara
romelime nawarmoebis winasityvaoba-ganxilvas anda literaturul kritikas; davuSvaT, cdebiT; maSin
icodeT, rom Tqvenive Sinagani cxovrebis bunebrivi zrda TandaTan odesme mainc migiyvanT ufro swor
da marTebul TvalsazrisTan. adroveT wynari mwifoba Tqvens azrebsa da Sexedulebebs, xels nu
SeuSliT Tqveni CareviTa da ZaldatanebiT. yovelgvari winsvla Rrma Sinaganobidan unda
momdinareobdes, gamoricxulia am procesis daCqareba da wabiZgeba. yvelaferi namdvili isaxeba,
mwifdeba da mere ibadeba. Tqveni yoveli STabeWdileba, gancdis sul patara Canasaxic ki sakuTar
wiaRSi, sibneleSi, gamouTqmelSi, aracnobierSi, Tqvenive gonebisTvisac miuRwevel siRrmeSi unda
ataroT, raTa iq sruliqmnas, Semdeg ki Rrma morCilebiTa da moTminebiT unda daelodoT axali
WeSmaritebis dabadebis saaTs: ai, mxolod amas hqvia xelovanis cxovreba, rogorc azrovneba, ise
Semoqmedeba.
aq drois sazomi aRar arsebobs. weliwadi araferia da aTwleulebic wamis uswrafes ganilevian.
iyo xelovani, niSnavs: ara Tvalo da iangariSo, aramed nela mwifde xesaviT, fesvebSi axmaurebul
wvenebs Zalas rom ar atans; igi imedianad dgas gazafxulis qariSxlebSi da ar eSinia, viaTu
gazafxuls zafxuli ar mohyveso. zafxuli ki modis, magram is mxolod maTTan modis, vinc
moTminebiT eloda, vinc ise uzrunvelad, mSvidad da farTod cxovrobs, TiTqos maradisoba hqondes
win gadaSlili. me vswavlob amas yoveldRiurad, vswavlob tkivilebiT, romelTa madlobelic var:
moTmineba yvelaferia!
rihard demeli: roca mis wignebSi karg pasaJs wavawydebi, momdevno gverdis gadafurcvlis
meSinia xolme; meSinia, ar daamaxinjos da gaaubraloos yovelive is, rac mSvenieria da sworedac
rom siyvarulis Rirsia. savsebiT samarTlianad SeniSnavT, roca ambobT: es aris vnebiT savse
cxovreba da Semoqmedebao – da, marTlac, SemoqmedebiTi wva Zalze enaTesaveba sxeulebriv, sqesobriv
gancdas da maTi tkivili Tu sitkbo sinamdvileSi erTi da imave ltolvisa da netarebis sxvadasxva
gamovlinebas, sxvadasxva formas warmoadgens. xolo Tu vnebis, Jinis nacvlad sityva sqess ityvis
4
kaci, sqess misi farTo, wminda mniSvnelobiT da ara eklesiur dogmaTa azriT, maSin demelis
xelovnebis mniSvneloba Zalze didia. misi poeturi Zala pirvelyofili instinqtiviT Zlieria da
dauokebeli. es Zala sakuTar, dauokebel, gabedul ritmebs moicavs da am instinqtidan, ise, viT
kldidan, Tavis nebaze amoxeTqs da amoifrqveva xolme.
Tumca, rogorc Cans, misi es Zala yovelTvis gulwrfeli da pozas moklebuli ar unda iyos;
esec xom erT-erTi mZime gamocdaa xelovanis SemoqmedebiT gzaze. mas arc ki unda axsovdes Tavisi
Tvisebebi, raTa maT uSualoba, siwrfele da siwminde SeinarCunon. magram xSirad xelovanis arsebaSi
axmaurebuli sxeulebrivi Zala aucilebel siwmindes veRar eziareba xolme, veRar iqceva daduRebul
da dawmendil, spetak erotiul gancdad; radgan is Zala adamianuri ki ara, mxolod mamakacuria,
vnebaa, Jinia da foriaqi. amasTan, im dromoWmul, cru Sexedulebebsa da qedmaRlobas daumZimebia,
riTac mamakacma siyvaruli daamaxinja da SeboWa. am mwerlis sqesobrivi gancdac SezRudulia da
veluri, ragdan mas uyvars mxolod rogorc mamakacs da ara rogorc adamians. aseTi amazrzeni,
warmvali qveyna zraxva ki akninebs demelis xelovnebas, orazrovansa da saeWvos xdis mas. gacveTili
formebiTa da yalbi vnebebiT Tavmomwone es Semoqmedeba moklebuli ar aris biwierebas, aufasurebs
yovelgvar Rirebulebas da nakleb sicocxlisunariania (xelovnebis bevri nimuSis darad). amisda
miuxedavad, demelis Semoqmedebis dadebiTi mxareebic ar unda daviviwyoT, Tumca, SeuZlebelia
migvizidos da mogvxiblos im mxdalma samyarom, sadac siyvarulisa da erTgulebis nacvlad Ralati
da qaosi sufevs; demelisTvis WeSmariti, namdvili bediswera ucxoa da miuwvdomeli: misi xelovnebis
warmaval, droebiT vnebaTagan gansxvavebiT WeSmariti bediswera bevrad ufro rTulia da tragikuli.
igi uzenaesi raobis, maradiul RirebulebaTa Ziebisken ubiZgebs adamians da saamisod Zalasa da
rwmenasac hmatebs.
rac Seexeba Cems wignebs: siamovnebiT giZRvnidiT yvela TqvenTvis sasurvel nawarmoebs, magram me
Zalze Raribi var; Cemi wignebi, maTi gamoqveynebis dRidan, me aRar mekuTvnis, SeZena ki Zalian miWirs;
amitom auxdenel ocnebad meqca, Cemi nawarmoebebi im adamianebs vuZRvna, romlebic guliT Seiyvareben
maT.
ai, furcelze CamogiwereT yvela Cemi adre gamocemuli wignis (da gamomcemlobis) saxelwodeba,
maT Soris uaxles publikaciebsac naxavT (Tormeti Tu cameti wigni gamovaqveyne), xolo maTi SeZena
SeZlebisdagvarad Tqvenzea damokidebuli.
Zalze gamixardeba, Tu am wignebs TqvenTan daviguleb.

kargad iyaviT,
Tqveni
rainer maria rilke

vorpsvede. bremenis mxare,

16 ivlisi, 1903

aTi dRis win, dasneulebulma da daqanculma, davtove parizi da mivaSure CrdiloeTis vrcel
dablobs, romlis sivrcem, siwynarem da zecam, wesiT, unda momakeTon. magram pirdapir gadauRebeli
wvimis burusSi amovyavi Tavi. mxolod dRes ineba da odnav ganaTda zeca wvimiT aforiaqebuli
qveynis Tavze. mec vsargeblob am pirveli naTeli wuTiT, raTa Cemi xma mogawvdinoT. Zvirfaso
batono, werilze pasuxi Zalian dagigvianeT, Tumca, ar ifiqroT, rom damaviwyda – piriqiT: es iseTi
werilia, sxva werilebs Soris xelaxla rom gadaikiTxaven xolme. man ufro axlos gamacno Tqveni
Tavi. albaT, gaxsovT, werili pirvel maiss dagiweriaT da roca mas am Cum sivrceSi vkiTxulob,
maRelvebs Tqveni gasaocari wuxili da zrunva sicocxleze; aq ufro metad vgrZnob amas, vidre
parizSi, sadac yvelaferi sxvagvarad xmianobs da yuCdeba im udidesi xmauris gamo, romlis winaSec
sagnebi SiSisgan TrTian; aq ki, sadac mZleTamZle qveyanaa Cems irgvliv, sadac zRvebidan monaberi
qarebi qrian, swored aq vgrZnob, rom vearvin gipasuxebT kiTxvebze, veravin agixsniT gancdebs, Tqvens
wiaRSi sakuTari cxovrebiT rom cxovroben. veravin SeZlebs amas, radgan rCeulnic cdebian, roca
uCumaresisa da gamouTqmelis sityvebiT axsnas cdiloben. miuxedavad amisa, mjera, pasuxs miiRebT,
Tuki bunebasa da im ubralo, SeumCnevel sagnebs CauRrmavdebiT, romlebzec Cemi mzera isvenebs axla:
ubralo, patara, sxvebisTvis SeumCnevel sagnebs, romlebic, SesaZloa, moulodnelad diadni da
usazRvrod mniSvnelovanni gaxdnen. Tuki Tqven am moCvenebiTad Rarib, patara sagnebs SeiyvarebT, da
5
ubralo msaxuriviT moipovebT maT ndobas, maSin yvelafers ufro advilad aRiqvamT erTmaneTTan
Serigebul-SekavSirebul erTianobad. SeiZleba es gonebiT ver moaxerxoT, romelic mudam
gakvirvebulia da ver mogyvebaT, magram Tqveni uSinaganesi cnobierebiT, sifxizliTa da codniT
CaswvdebiT am erTianobas. Tqven jer axalgazrda xarT, yvelaferSi axalbeda da damwyebi. amitom
girCevT da gTxovT, moTminebiT aitanoT da ataroT yovelive auxsneli, rac ki guls giforiaqebT.
SeiyvareT Tavad kiTxvebi.
SeiyvareT isini daluquli oTaxebiviT da ucnob, idumal enaze dawerili wignebiviT. axla nu
eZebT pasuxebs, romlebsac ver ipoviT, radgan Tqveni cxovrebiT ar misulxarT am pasuxebTan. saqme
is gaxlavT, vicxovroT, gamovcadoT yvelaferi, sakuTari cxovrebiT gavceT pasuxebi sakuTar
kiTxvebs. amJamad ki icxovreT sakuTari kiTxvebiT da, iqneb, erT Soreul dRes, Tqvenma cxovrebam
SeumCnevlad SegiyvanoT pasuxis siRrmeSi da, egeb, imis unarsac atarebT, rom am Tqvens Sinagan
monapovars saxe da forma misceT, anu yvelaze wminda da netari cxovrebiT, xelovanis cxovrebiT
icxovroT. xolo amjerad ndobiT moekideT yvelafers, rac gewvevaT, da Tu es Tqveni nebidan an
raRac Sinagani saWiroebidan momdinareobs, aiReT Tqvens Tavze da nurafers SeiZulebT: diax, sqesi
Zneli ram gaxlavT, Zalian Zneli. magram yvelaferi Znelia, rac Cven dagvekisra, yvelaferi
seriozuli, – Zneli da rTulia; da yvelaferi seriozulia da mniSvnelovani. Tuki mixvdebiT amas da
sakuTar znesa da bunebaze, sakuTar gamocdilebaze, bavSvobasa da Zalaze dayrdnobiT moipovebT
sakuTar (tradiciisgan da zne-Cveulebebisgan Tavisufal) mimarTebas sqesTan, maSin aRarc
SegeSindebaT, rom, vaiTu, man sakuTari Tavi dagakargvinoT da yvelaze wminda, Rirseuli gancda
SegibRaloT.
sxeulebrivi sixaruli – grZnobieri gancdaa. is ar gansxvavdeba wminda Wvretisgan an, davuSvaT,
im SegrZnebisgan, tkbili nayofi rom aniWebs enas. sxeulebrivi sixaruli, yvela sxva SegrZnebis
msgavsad, imitom mogveniWa, rom SeviZinoT usasrulo gamocdileba: is aris Cvens mier samyaros
Secnoba, sicocxlis codna, yovelgvari codnis brwyinvaleba da savseoba. cudi is ki ar aris, rom
Cven am gamocdilebas veziarebiT, cudi da savalalo is gaxlavT, rom TiTqmis yvela udierad ekideba
mas. adamianebi tlanqad flangaven sxeulebriv Zalas, sqesiT erTobian, Tavs iRizianeben
mowyenilobisa da sulieri gamofitvis Jams, nacvlad imisa, rom es Zala cxovrebis uzenaesi
wuTebisTvis gadainaxon. da adamianebma xom kvebasac aseve daukarges saxe da azri. erTis mxriv,
gaWirvebam, meores mxriv ki, fufunebam mTlianad aamRvria am pirveladi moTxovnilebis siankare. aseve
aimRvra da gadagvarda yvela sxva uubraloesi moTxovnilebac, romelTa wyalobiTac xdeba
sicocxlis usasrulo ganaxleba. magram mavan calkeul individs SeuZlia isev gaicxados maTi azri
da am naTeli azriT icxovros (da Tu calkeuli adamiani, mainc sxvebze rom aris mijaWvuli, ver
SeZlebs amas, – gamorCeulad martosuli namdvilad moaxerxebs). ai, am kacs SeuZlia gaixsenos, rom
mcenareTa mTeli silamaze samyaroSi gabatonebuli siyvarulisa da urTierTltolvis ueno, Cumi,
maradiuli saxeobaa. da mas SeuZlia cxovels ise Sexedos, rogorc mcenares: mcenareze xom ver
vityviT, rom igi xorcieli JiniT Tu vnebiTaa atanili. mcenare Sejvardeba, ganayofierdeba, izrdeba
da mravldeba im aucileblobas damorCilebuli, im kanonis ZaliT, romelic ufro didia, vidre –
Jini da vneba, da ufro Zlevamosili, vidre – nebeloba da winaaRmdegoba. o, netav, adamianmac ufro
Tvinierad da seriozulad ataros es saidumlo, riTac gaJRenTilia mTeli dedamiwa, TviT umciresi
sagnebis CaTvliT. o, netav, ataros, aitanos da igrZnos, ra saSinlad mZimea es saidumlo, nacvlad
imisa, rom agre msubuqad da zedapirulad moekidos mas. o, netav, adamiani mowiwebiT aRivsos Tavisi
nayofierebis winaSe, romelic erTia, sulieri iqneba igi Tu xorcieli, radgan sulieri qmna
fizikuridan moedineba, maTi arsi erTi da igivea, oRond sulieri qmnadoba sxeulebrivi tkbobis
ufro Cumi, ufro amaRlebuli, ufro maradiuli gameorebaa.
azri: `iyo Semoqmedi, Casaxo, gamosaxo sicocxle~ – carieli sityvebi iqneboda, samyaroSi rom
ar dasturdebodes da ar xorcieldebodes; litoni ram iqneboda, aTasgzis rom ar adasturebdnen
sagnebi da cxovelebi. Semoqmedebis sitkboebac imitom aris esoden mSvenieri da amouwuravi, rom igi
savsea milionobiT sagan-arsebiT Casaxva-dabadebidan momdinare namemkvidrevi mogonebebiT.
Semoqmedis erT azrSi cocxldeba aTasobiT miviwyebuli siyvarulis Rame, rac mas sidiadesa da
amaRlebulobas aniWebs. xolo RamRamobiT erTmaneTs SerTuli, erTmaneTs Cawnuli wyvilebi, monanave,
rwevad vnebas rom eZlevian – diad saqmes aRasruleben: isini agroveben neqtars, siRrmesa da Zalas
romelime momavali poetis simRerisTvis, romelic odesme wamoimarTeba, raTa gamoTqvas gamouTqmeli
netarebani. Seyvarebulni momavals gamoixmoben da, Tundac mcdari iyos es siyvaruli, Tundac brmad
exveodnen isini erTmaneTs, momavali mainc modis; aRimarTeba axali adamiani da im SemTxvevis fskerze
(Cven rom SemTxvevad vTvlidiT) iRviZebs kanoni, romlis ZaliTac gamZle Tesli gzas miikvlevs
6
kvercxujredisken, ganxmuli rom egebeba mas. ar SegacdinoT movlenaTa zedapirma. siRrmeSi yvelaferi
kanonia. xolo vinc mcdarad da cudad cxovrobs am saidumloTi (aseTni ki bevrni arian), Tavadve
kargavs am saidumlos, sxvas ki, TviTonac ar icis, ise gadascems mas daluquli weriliviT. ar
dagabnioT saxelTa simravlem, SemTxvevaTa sirTulem: SesaZloa yvelaferze maRla dgas da Zlieria
diadi dedoba – es saerTo urTierTltolva. qalwulis silamaze, im arsebis silamaze (rogorc
Tqven mSvenivrad brZaneT), romelsac jer araferi moumoqmedebia – momavali dedobaa, mis wiaRSi rom
mwifs, emzadeba, SiSobs, winaswargrZnobs da eswrafvis Tavis momavals; dedis silamaze ki msaxureba,
mzrunveli dedobaa. xolo moxuc qalSi es silamaze did mogonebad qceula. da me mgonia, rom
fizikur-sulieri dedoba mamakacSic aris; Casaxva – es erTgvari saxea Sobisa, xolo roca mamakaci
Tavisi Sinagani sisavsidan qmnis da warmoSobs, esec erTgvari Sobaa da dabadeba. SesaZloa, es ori
sqesi ufro axlosaa erTmaneTTan, vidre hgoniaT. samyaros didi ganaxlebis sawindari, iqneb, swored
is gaxdes, rom mamakaci da qaliSvili, yovelgvari mcdari moridebisa da qvena zraxvaTagan
Tavisufalni, moZebnian erTmaneTs ara rogorc sapirispiro arsebani, aramed rogorc da da Zma,
rogorc mezoblebi; moZebnian da SeerTdebian rogorc adamianebi, raTa erTad, ubralod, mkacrad da
moTminebiT ataron sqesis simZime, saerTo uReli, maT rom daekisraT.
magram es, rasac SeiZleba mravalma miaRwios odesme, axla mxolod martosulis xvedria:
martosulma unda moamzados es safexuri da aaSenos sakuTari, SedarebiT Seumcdari xelebiT. amitom,
Zvirfaso batono, giyvardeT Tqveni martooba da mSvenierxmieri moTqmiT atareT mis mier mogvrili
tkivili. axlobeli adamianebi, rogorc ambobT, Soreulni arian TqvenTvis: es ki imas moaswavebs, rom
Tqveni sivrce farTovdeba da Tu Tqveni siaxlove Soria, maSin Tqveni SoreTi uzarmazari unda iyos,
varskvlaveTs unda emijnebodes. gixarodeT Tqveni samyaros zrda, samyarosi, sadac veravis gaiyolebT.
iyaviT keTili ukanmavalTa mimarT, iyaviT mxne da mSvidi maT winaSe, nurc Tqveni eWvebiT dastanjavT
da nurc Tqveneuli, maTTvis gaugebari nugeS-sixaruliT SeaSfoTebT. gamoZebneT maTTan urTierTobis
ubralo da saimedo forma, romlis Secvla aucilebeli ar iqneba maSinac ki, roca Tavad SeicvlebiT.
giyvardeT sxva adamianebSi ucxo, gansxvavebuli saxis sicocxle, gaugeT sibereSe Sesul
adamianebs, Tqvengan gansxvavebiT martoobis rom eSiniaT da gaurbian, nu gaaRvivebT im tradiciul
dramas, rac mSoblebsa da Svilebs Soris gamarTula. Svilebs es did Zalas akargvinebs da, meores
mxriv, anavlebs mSobliur siyvaruls, romelic maSinac ki aTbobs da ifaravs Svilebs, roca maTi
vera gaugia ra. nu mosTxovT mSoblebs gagebasa da sasurvel rCevas. magram gwamdeT im siyvarulisa,
memkvidreobasaviT rom dagaxvedres. gjerodeT: am siyvarulSi didi Zala, madli da locva-kurTxevaa
da ar gmarTebT misi mitoveba, rac ar unda Sors waxvideT Tqvens gzaze.
mixaria, bolos da bolos, Tqveni interesebis fardi profesia rom airCieT, rac
damoukideblobasa da sakuTar TavSi dafuZnebis saSualebas ganiWebT. moiTmineT da daukvirdiT, xom
ar SezRudavs da daTrgunavs Tqvens Sinagan cxovrebas es rTuli profesia. me Tu mkiTxavT, es
arCevani mZimea da damZabveli, gaxevebuli tradiciebiT aris damZimebuli da amocanaTa pirovnulad
gaazrebis saSualebas ar iZleva. martooba ki am metad ucxo viTarebaSic Tqveni saimedo TavSesafari
da navsayudeli iqneba. misi meSveobiT aucileblad ipoviT sakuTar gzas. yvela Cemi survili Tan
mogyvebaT am gzaze da Cemi ndobac Tan gaxlavT.

Tqveni
rainer maria rilke

romi, 29 oqtomberi, 1903

Zvirfaso da Rirseulo batono, Tqveni 29 agvistos werili florenciaSi miviRe da, ai, ori
Tvis dagvianebiT gibrunebT pasuxs: gTxovT momitevoT. ar miyvars werilebis wera gzaSi,
mogzaurobis Jams, radganac kalamsa da qaRaldis furclebze metad ganmartoebis Cumi saaTebi da
Sesabamisi ganwyoba mWirdeba.
romSi daxloebiT eqvsi kviris win CamovediT; am dros romi ukacrieli da udaburi qalaqia,
autaneli sicxis gamo; Tanac xmebi dadioda, epidemia mZvinvarebso da dabinaveba gagviZnelda; aman ki
mousvenrobisa da daZabulobis atmosfero Seqmna Cvens irgvliv: ucxoobisa da usamSobloobis
gancdac kidev ufro gagvimZafrda. amasTan, romi (Tuki aq pirvelad xar) Tavidan mZimed moqmedebs.
mwuxare da mgloviare STabeWdilebas tovebs adamianze Tavisi usicocxlo da bneli muzeumebiT; es
7
qalaqi TiTqosda mwuxared oxravs, mwuxareben miwisqveSeTidan samzeoze gamotanili, wvalebiT
aRdgenili warsulis naSTebic, im warsulisa, romliTac ubadruki awmyo sazrdoobs; glovoben sul
sxva droisa da sxva epoqis SemTxveviTi narCenebi, sxva xalxis, sxva cxovrebis saxecvlili da
uRono sagnebi, romlebic Cven aRar gvekuTvnis da arc unda gvekuTvnodes; bolos da bolos, am
uamravi arasasiamovno STabeWdilebiT daRlili rogorRac gons modixar; Tumca, jer isev dabneuli
fiqrob, rom gansakuTrebuli aq araferia da amqveyand sxva romelime qalaqi SesaZloa aranakleb
mSvenieri iyos. es ZvelisZveli, aqauri xelosnebis mier rudunebiT aRdgenili Zeglebi, Taobebi rom
eTayvanebodnen, – srulebiT daclilan uwindeli Sinaarsisgan. maT daukargavT azri da guliTadoba.
magram am qalaqSi mainc bevri silamazea, radgan silamaze yvelganaa amqveynad. cxovelmyofeli wylebi
ZvelTaZveli akvedukebiT moedinebian da moednebze, qvis TeTri fialebis Tavze Tavbrudamxvevad
cekvaven, mere farTo auzebSi iSlebian da licliceben. maTi CuxCuxi dRisiTac ismis da RamiT kidev
ufro Zlierdeba, Rameebi ki aq veebaa, varskvlavebiT moCiTuli da niavqarebiT galbilebuli. da
baRebia qalaqSi mravlad. xeivnebi da kibeebi, miqelanjelos mier gamogonebuli kibeebi, ferdobze
daqanebuli nakadulebis nimuSiT nagebi, daqanebaze safexuri rom safexurs badebs, viT talRa _
talRas. amden STabeWdilebaSi, pretenziulad axmaurebul aqaurobaSi nel-nela gulisyurs ikreb da
sakuTar Tavs ubrundebi. TandaTan im TiTo-orola sagansac amCnev, romlebSic maradisoba
damkvidrebula, ganmartoebul sagnebs, romelTac Seiyvareb da romelTa martoobasac gaiziareb.
jerjerobiT isev qalaqSi, kapitoliumis maxloblad vcxovrob. aqedan Sors ar aris romauli
xelovnebis SesaniSnavi Zegli – amxedrebuli markus avreliusis qandakeba. male erT myudro, ubralo
oTaxSi gadavinacvleb. mas patara, Zveleburi aivani akravs da Rrmad aris did parkSi Sefarul-
SeyuJuli. ase rom, saimedodaa daculi qalaqis aurzaurisa da gamudmebuli foriaqisgan. mTel
zamTars iq gavatareb da vecdebi bolomde ganvicado didi siCume, romlisganac simSvidesa da mraval
SemoqmedebiT, nayofier saaTs moveli.
axal saxlSi ufro Sinaurulad vigrZnob Tavs, vidre – aq, qalaqis centrSi. iqidan mogwerT
dawvrilebiT pasuxsac. axla ki isRa damrCenia, gamogitydeT (SesaZloa Tavidanve unda gamemxila
TqvenTvis), rom wigni, romelSic Tqveni naSromi daibeWda da romelzec mwerdiT, ar mimiRia. iqneb,
ukan dagibrundaT vorpsvededan? (radgan vici, rom Zveli misamarTiT miRebul gzavnilebaTa
sazRvargareT gadagzavna ar SeiZleba). es varaudi yvelaze dasaSvebia. vimedovneb, wigni ar daikargeba
(samwuxarod, italiis fostisTvis amanaTebis dakargva iSviaTobas ar warmoadgens).
am wignsac, iseve, rogorc yovelgvar cnobas Tqvens Sesaxeb, sixaruliT moveli; aseve leqsebsac,
amasobaSi rom dagiweriaT, siamovnebiT wavikiTxav, roca ki maTi wakiTxvis SesaZleblobas momcemT;
isev da isev, gadavikiTxav da vecdebi, ganvicado isini mTeli Cemi arsebiT.

keTili survilebiT,
guliTadad gesalmebaT Tqveni
rainer maria rilke

romi, 23 dekemberi. 1903

Cemo Zvirfaso batono kapus,

Sobas mogilocavT, msurs, xma mogawvdinoT swored axla, radgan Sobis dReebSi, dResaswaulze
ufro gagiZneldebaT martoobis atana. Tumca, unda gixarodeT, Tu didia Tqveni martooba, radgan
(aba, daufiqrdiT) eqneboda raime azri martoobas, usazRvro rom ar iyos? erTaderTi martooba
arsebobs da is didia. msubuqi rodia misi tvirTi. yvela adamianis winaSe dgeba wuTebi, roca
simartoves siamovnebiT gacvlida banalursa da iaffasian Tavyrilobaze pirvelsave SemxvedrTan,
Tundac sulRarib adamianTan wamier urTierTobasa da moCvenebiT urTierTgagebaze, magram egeb
swored aseT wuTebSi izrdeba martooba, radgan misi zrdac biWis zrdasaviT mtkivneulia da –
gazafxulis dasawyisiviT naRvliani. aman ar unda dagabnioT. CvenTvis saWiro da aucilebeli swored
martoobaa – Rrma, Sinagani martooba. TviTCaRrmaveba da saaTobiT marto yofna, aravisTan Sexvedra,
– ai, es unda SeiZlos kacma. unda ganvmartovdeT, ise, rogorc bavSvobaSi ganvmartovdebodiT xolme,
roca Cvens irgvliv gauTaveblad dafusfusebdnen didebi, da Cven Zalze mniSvnelovani gvegona maTi
saqmianoba, radgan misi araferi gagvegeboda.

8
 xolo roca mogvianebiT mivxvdebiT, ra ubadruki, mSrali da sicocxles mowyvetili yofila
mTeli maTi saqmianoba, ratom isev ar unda SevxedoT mas bavSvis TvaliT, rogorc raRac CvenTvis
ucxosa da gaugebars: rad ar unda vumziroT mas Cveni sakuTari samyaros siRrmidan, sakuTari
martoobis sifarTovidan, martoobisa, romelic Tavad aris saqme, wodeba, xelobac da daniSnulebac!
ratom unda gavcvaloT bavSvis es brZnuli vergageba aTvalwunebasa da mogeriebaze? vergageba xom
martoobaa, aTvalwuneba da amxedreba ki – monawileobis miReba imaSi, rasac gavurbivarT.
Zvirfaso batono, ifiqreT im samyaroze, rasac Sinaganad atarebT da rac gnebavT, is uwodeT am
fiqrs: bavSvobis mogoneba Tu momavalze ocneba. mTavaria, ar gamogeparoT is, rac Tqvens sulSi
ibadeba, aRimarTeba. ai, es daayeneT im yvelaferze maRla, rac Tqvens irgvliv xdeba da trialebs.
Tqveni Sinagani cxovreba Tqveni siyvarulis Rirsia, mTeli Tqveni Zalebi misken unda mimarToT; dros
nu dakargavT imis gasarkvevad, Tu ra adgili giWiravT adamianTa Soris, ra pozicia gaqvT maT
mimarT. aba, vin getyviT amqveynad, rom es adgili saerTod gagaCniaT? vici, ra mkacria Tqveni
profesia da rogor ewinaaRmdegeba igi Tqvens bunebas. vicodi, rom SemomCivlebdiT da gamarTlda
kidec Cemi winaTgrZnoba; me ki verc dagamSvidebT da verc ganugeSebT; SemiZlia mxolod girCioT:
dafiqrdiT, riTi gansxvavdeba Tqveni profesia sxva profesiebisgan, gana yoveli profesia aseve
mkacri, momTxovni, mtruli da TiTqmis siZulviliT gaJRenTili ar aris mravalTa mimarT? TiTqosda,
am profesias mTlianad Seewovos uxmod mobuzRune, munj, uJmur mosamsaxureTa gulSi dagrovili
mTeli siZulvili. Tqveni amJamindeli samsaxuri sxva samsaxurze metad rodia damZimebuli
dromoWmuli, tradiciuli SexedulebebiTa da mcdari warmodgenebiT; davuSvaT, arsebobs samsaxuri,
romelic mzerisa da WvretisTvis saWiro Tavisuflebas mainc aniWebs adamians. iseTi samsaxuri xom
mainc arsadaa, romelic farTod daukavSirdeboda im diad sagnebs, namdvil cxovrebas rom qmnian.
mxolod martosuli emorCileba, saganTa msgavsad, Rrma kanonebs da roca igi ciskars anda idumali
qmedebiT aRsavse mwuxrs egebeba da SeigrZnobs, Tu ra xdeba am dros, maSin masac, micvalebulTa
msgavsad, Camoscildeba yovelgvari wodeba da movaleoba. Tumca, jerac sicocxlis SuagulSi dgas.
batono kapus, rasac Tqven amJamad ganicdiT rogorc oficeri, imasve ganmcdeli iqnebodiT nebismieri
sxva movaleobis Sesrulebis Jamsac; sazogadoebaSi yovelgvar adgilsa da mdgomareobaze uaric rom
TqvaT da sruliad ubralo, msubuqi urTierToba daamyaroT mis wevrebTan, maSinac ki ver gaeqceviT
am SemboWvel grZnobas.
asea yvelgan, Tumca es SiSis anda sasowarkveTis uflebas ar gaZlevT; Tu adamianebTan saerTos
ver poulobT, maSin sagnebs dauaxlovdiT, isini ar migatoveben; jer xom isev aq arian Rameebi da
xeebSi monavarde qarebi, ucxo da ukidegano qveynebis Tavze rom mimoqrian; saganTa da cxovelTa
samyaroc uwindeliviT faruli da idumali qmedebiTaa savse. da Tqvenc ufleba gaqvT SeuerTdeT mas.
bavSvebic xom iseTive naRvlianebi da bednierebi arian, rogoric Tqven iyaviT odesRac; da roca
gaixsenebT bavSvobas, maSin xelaxla daiwyebT maT Soris, im martosul bavSvebs Soris cxovrebas da
mixvdebiT, rom didebi da maTi saqmianoba arc ise mniSvnelovani yofila, rogorc geCvenebodaT.
da Tu fiqri bavSvobaze, masTan dakavSirebul siCumesa da ubraloebaze gaSinebT da gtanjavT,
radgan aRar ZalgiZT iwamoT RmerTi, romliTac savse iyo Tqveni bavSvoba, maSin CaekiTxeT sakuTar
Tavs, batono kapus: marTla dakargeT RmerTis rwmena?! xom ar ajobebda geTqvaT, rom RmerTis rwmena
jer kidev ar mogipovebiaT? radgan rodis unda gerwmunaT igi? xom ar ggoniaT, rom bavSvs SeuZlia
xelpyroba misi, visi tareba Zlier mamakacTac ki uWirT da visi simZimec welSi xris moxucebs?!
nuTu, gjeraT, rom adamians, visac namdvilad hyavs RmerTi, SeuZlia ubralo kenWiviT dakargos igi?!
an, egeb, fiqrobT, rom kaci, romelsac RmerTi hyavs, SeiZleba RmerTs daekargos? magram Tu
aRiarebT, rom igi ar yofila Tqvens bavSvobaSi da arc manamde da rom qristes ar miego
tanjvisTvis sazRauri, xolo muhamedi sakuTarma siamayem imsxverpla, – da Tu SiSiT gaacnobierebT,
rom RmerTi axlac, ai, amwuTas, roca masze vsaubrobT, ar aris TqvenTan – maSin ra uflebiT
laparakobT masze, rogorc gardasulze, da raRad eZebT, rogorc dakarguls?!
nuTu, ver xvdebiT, rom is axla modis, is, vinc uxsovari droidan aRgviTqves da
gviwinaswarmetyveles; is momavalia, saboloo nayofia xisa, romlis foTlebic Cven varT?! ra giSliT
xels, rom momavalSi daiguloT misi dabadeba da ise icxovroT Tqveni cxovreba, TiTqosda is erTi
mtkivneuli da mSvenieri dRe iyos am xangrZlivi fexmZimobis istoriaSi. nuTu, ver xedavT, rom
yovelive, rac ki xdeba, jer mxolod da mxolod dasawyisia; da, gana, yvela es dasawyisi ar
SeiZleba misi dasawyisi iyos, roca dawyeba TavisTavad yovelTvis ase mSvenieria?! da Tu RmerTi
Tavadaa sruloyfileba, maSin xom win unda uZRodes raRac, SedarebiT mcire da naklulovani, raTa
mas SeeZlos arCevnis gakeTeba am simravlesa da mravalsaxeobaSi. gana, is ukanaskneli ar unda iyos,

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raTa yovelive daitios da moicvas? radgan ra azri eqneboda Cvens arsebobas, Tuki is, viskenac
miviswrafviT, mxolod warsulSi arsebobda?
rogorc futkrebi, ise vagrovebT yvelafridan utkbiles neqtars da RmerTs vaSenebT. viwyebT
Senebas sul umciresiT an uxilaviT (Tuki siyvaruli gvamoZravebs), vqmniT mas maSin, rodesac
vSromobT da maSinac, roca visvenebT; vqmniT Cveni dumiliT Tu sul patara, martoxela
sixaruliTac, vqmniT yvela saqmiT, rasac martodmarto, Tanamonawileebisa da mimdevrebis gareSe
vakeTebT; Cven viwyebT mis Seqmnas, visac iseve ver moveswrebiT, rogorc Cven ver mogveswrnen Cveni
winaprebi. magram isini, didi xnis winaT gardasulni, xom CvenSi arian. aq daleqilan, tvirTad
dasdebian Cvens bediweras da Cvens sisxlSi miSrialeben, warmoqmnian romeliRac Jests, drois
siRrmeebidan rom aRsdgeba xolme.
arsebobs Zala, rasac SeuZlia wagarTvaT imedi, rom Tqvenc masSi – uSores-usasruloSi iqnebiT
odesme?!
SeegebeT Sobas aseTi RvTismosaobiT, ifiqreT, rom SesaZloa, RmerTs swored es Tqveni
sicocxliseuli SiSi sWirdeba, raTa daiwyos TqvenSi qmedeba. iqneb, Tqveni gardatexis dReebi
swored is dReebia, roca TqvenSi yvelaferi misTvis iRvwis da emzadeba, iseve, rogorc odesRac
bavSvobaSi, TavdaviwyebiT rom iRvwodiT misTvis. aRivseT moTminebiT, xalisiT, da gaxsovdeT, yvelaze
mcire, rac Cven SegviZlia gavakeToT, esaa: imaze metad ar gavuZneloT RmerTs qmnadoba, vidre
dedamiwa uZnelebs gazafxuls, roca gazafxuls mosvla swadia.

gisurvebT sixarulsa da nugeSs

Tqveni
rainer maria rilke

romi, 14 maisi, 1904

Zvirfaso batono kapus!

raxania, rac Tqveni bolo werili miviRe.
nu gamiwyrebiT pasuxis dagvianebisTvis. mTeli es xani TavauReblad vmuSaobdi. mere sxva
saqmeebiT viyavi dakavebuli da bolos avadac gaxldiT. xelisSemSleli mizezi, rogorc xedavT, bevri
mqonda, me ki msurda, Cemi pasuxi mxolod da mxolod mSvidi da naTeli dReebis macne yofiliyo.
axla ukve movikeTe (adreuli gazafxuli Tavisi avi, Jiniani cvalebadobiT aqac mZimed gadavitane),
SemiZlia ukve mogesalmoT da cota ram giTxraT Tqveni werilis pasuxad (rasac saerTodac didi
sixaruliT vakeTeb).
xom xedavT: me gadavwere Tqveni soneti, radgan is mSvenieria da ubralo, amasTan Cumi,
TavdaWerili formiTaa Sesrulebuli. igi yvelaze ukeTesia Tqvens leqsebs Soris, romelTa
wakiTxvis saSualebac ki mqonia. da, ai, gigzavniT Cems nawers, radgan vici, ras niSnavs sakuTari
namuSevris ucxo xelnawerSi wakiTxva; waikiTxeT ise, TiTqos sxvis leqss kiTxulobdeT da maSin
igrZnobT, ramdenad Tqveneulia igi, Tqveni soneti da werili siamovnebiT gadavikiTxe ramdenjerme,
gmadlobT sixarulis moniWebisTvis.
dae, nu aamRvrevs Tqvens martoobas is faqti, rom Tqveni arsebis raRac nawili gaurbis am
martoobas da gareT miiltvis. swored es ltolva – Tuki mSvidad da auRelveblad, xelsawyosaviT
moimarjvebT mas – dagexmarebaT, ganavrcoT Tqveni martooba da mTel vrcel qveyanas gadaawvdinoT.
adamianebi (pirobiTobebis wyalobiT) mudam advilad wyveten yvelafers, msubuqi gzis arCeva
eiolebaT xolme, Cven ki, cxadia, umZimess unda CaveWidoT. yovel suldgmuls siZnelesTana aqvs
saqme. bunebaSi yovelive Tavis znis Sesabamisad izrdeba, Tavs icavs da cdilobs, yovelgvari
dabrkolebis miuxedavad, sakuTari arseboba moipovos. Zalze mcirea Cveni codna, magram is mainc
viciT, rom Cvenc Zneli gza unda avirCioT. martooba kargia, radgan Znelia, da Tuki raime Znelia,
maSasadame, aman kidev erTxel unda gvibiZgos am saqmis ganxorcielebisken.
siyvarulic kargia: radgan siyvaruli Znelia. adamianis adamianisadmi siyvaruli, albaT, yvelaze
Zneli amocanaa, rac ki CvenTvis dauwesebia gangebas. siyvaruli gansacdeli da gamocdaa, udidesi
saqme, risTvisac yvela sxva saqmianobiT mxolod vemzadebiT. amitomac, axalgazrdebs, yvelaferSi
axalbedani da damwyebni rom arian, jer ar ZaluZT siyvaruli; maT jer unda iswavlon igi, iswavlon
mTeli arsebiT, mTeli ZalisxmeviT, sakuTar eul, SiSneul gulisZgeras miyuradebulebma. swavlis
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Jami ki Zalze grZelia da faruli; amitom siyvaruli didi xnis da mTeli sicocxlis manZilze aris
martooba, uRrmesi, umZafresi martooba im adamianisa, romelsac uyvars. siyvaruli azrs dakargavda,
martooden Tavdaviwyebas, meore adamianTan Serwymas da SeerTebas rom gulisxmobdes (radgan ra
erTianobaze SeiZleba laparaki, roca ori umwifari da Camouyalibebeli adamiani Seerwymis
erTmaneTs!). siyvaruli amaRlebuli mizezia erTeulTaTvis, raTa momwifdnen, dasruldnen da
samyarod iqcnen, samyarod iqcnen meore adamianisTvis. siyvaruli – es Tamami moTxovnaa im adamianis
mimarT, romelsac Tavad siyvaruli airCevs da SoreTSi miuxmobs. siyvarulis ganxorcielebis neba
mxolod maSin unda hqondeT axalgazrdebs, Tuki acnobiereben mas rogorc davalebas, romelic
sakuTar Tavze muSaobisken (`niadag yurisgdebisa da qmnisken~) ubiZgebs. Tavdaviwyeba, sayvarel
adamianTan Serwyma – jer kidev ar niSnavs siyvaruls; namdvili siyvaruli jer Sorsaa (maT kidev
didxans unda moikribon Zalebi). es aris saboloo mizani. SesaZloa, saboloo misiac, romlis
aRsrulebasac adamianTa sicocxle jerjerobiT ar hyofnis.
axalgazrdebi xSirad da mwared cdebian. ficxi da dauTmeneli bunebisani, myisve erTmaneTs
miawydebian xolme, rogorc ki siyvaruli ewvevaT: iflangebian da ifantebian, rac saerTodac sCveviaT
TavianT aRgznebul Tu apaTiur, uwesrigo da qaotur cxovrebaSi... da mere, ra unda mohyves amas?
raRa unda mouxerxos cxovrebam naxevrad damsxvreul adamianTa am zedaxoras, rasac Tavad
erTadyofnas uwodeben da bednierebas, momavalsac ki daarqmevdnen, rom SeeZloT. ase ikargeba
TiToeuli meoris gulisTvis da im meoresac kargavs, kargavs mravals da yvelas, vinc jer kidev
unda Sexvedroda. ase kargaven sivrceebsa da SesaZleblobebs; Cum da mgrZnobiare sagnebTan
axlobloba-siSores unayofo dabneulobaSi cvlian, saidanac aRaraferi warmoiSoba, aRaraferi
zizRis, imedgacruebisa da sicarielis garda; Semdeg ki xsnas eZeben erT-erT romelime pirobiTobaSi,
erT-erT im mravalTaganSi, riTac odiTgan aRuWurviaT adamianis es yvelaze saSiSi gza. adamianuri
gancdis arcerTi sfero ar aris pirobiToba-SeTanxmebebiT ise momaragebuli, rogorc siyvaruli... aq
uamravi maSveli saSualeba gamougoniaT: maSveli rgolebi, navebi, sacurao buStebi... aTasgvari
TavSesafari aago sazogadoebrivma azrma, romelmac, raki siyvaruli siamovnebasTan gaaigiva, misi
msubuqad mowyobac iTava: sajaro drostarebasaviT iaf da uvnebel siamed aqcia igi. Tumca, mravali
axalgazrda, romelTac mcdarad uyvarT, anu ise eZlevian erTurTs, rom erTmaneTs ver pouloben
(umravlesoba xom am gzas adgas), – iTrguneba Secdomis SegrZnebiT da surs es Secdoma sakuTari,
individualuri ZalisxmeviT gamoasworos: ufro sicocxlisunariani da nayofieri gaxados siyvaruli.
radgan sakuTarive buneba hkarnaxobs maT, rom sxva mniSvnelovan sakiTxTagan yvelaze naklebad
siyvarulis sakiTxis gadawyveta SeiZleba sajarod dadgenili tradiciuli kanon-wesebis mixedviT;
rom es maTi cxovrebis arsebiTi kiTxvebia, mxolod or adamians rom exeba da yoveli axali
urTierTobisas axal, gansakuTrebul da mxolod individualur pasuxs moiTxovs. magram rogorRa
unda ipovon saSveli sakuTar TavSi, sakuTari martoobis siRrmeebSi, roca Tavic gaufantavT da
martoobac? roca ori adamiani ise aTqvefila erTmaneTSi, rom sakuTari aRaraferi gaaCniaT da
erTmaneTisgan aRarafriT gansxvavdebian?
umweoa maTi urTierToba da yoveli nabiji. da roca mTeli ZaliT cdiloben, Tavi aaridon
tradiciul pirobiTobas (rogoric, davuSvaT qorwinebaa), marTalia nakleb aSkara, magram mainc
aranakleb damRupveli pirobiTi gamosavlis marwuxebSi eqcevian, radgan maT irgvliv yvelgan
pirobiToba da Cveuleba gamefebula. radgan ori adamianis naadrevi da usixarulo Sexvedrisas
yoveli qmedeba pirobiTia. amgvari cdomilebis Sedegad warmoSobil yovel urTierTobasac
Cveulebriv-pirobiTi dasasruli eqneba, Tundac es urTierToba jer auTvisebeli, anu, tradiciuli
azriT, – amoraluri iyos: ganSorebac pirobiTi nabiji iqneba, SemTxveviTi, araindividualuri
gadawyvetileba, uRono da unayofo.
Tuki seriozulad Cafiqrdeba adamiani, imasac mixvdeba, rom sikvdilis msgavsad (romelic aseve
mZimea da Zneli), siyvarulis saidumlos amoxsna da misi qaragmebis gamocnobac dRemde TiTqmis
veravin SeZlo; da swored am ori amocanis (farulad rom vatarebT CvenSi da amouxsneladve
gadavcemT sxvebs) gamocnobaa SeuZlebeli sayovelTaod miRebuli wesebiT. Tumca, es ori didi
saidumlo miT ufro gviaxlovdeba, rac ufro metad viwyebT cxovrebis Semecnebas Cven, calkeulni.
umkacresi moTxovnebi, romelTac siyvarulis umZimesi saqme Cveni ganviTarebis gzaze gviyenebs,
aRemateba Cvens SesaZleblobebs; Cven, axalbedebi, jer kidev ara varT mzad maT aRsasruleblad;
Tumca, Tu gavuZlebT da siyvaruls, mis tvirTsa da misi Seswavlis xanas moTminebiT avitanT, Tu ar
CavikargebiT martiv da zedapirul garToba-TamaSobebSi (adamianebma yofierebis udidesi
seriozulobisgan Tavis dasaZvrenad rom moigones), maSin, iqneb, SevZloT da odnav mainc gavkvaloT
es gza – SevumsubuqoT igi Cvens Semdgom mavalT; es patara mcdelobac mniSvnelovani iqneba, radgan
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Cven xom mxolod axla vswavlobT erTi calkeuli adamianis meore adamianTan urTierTobis danaxvas,
danaxvas marTlad, fxizlad, mcdari gansjis gareSe. Cven pirvelni varT, vinc urTierTobis iseTi
formebis damkvidrebas cdilobs Tavis cxovrebaSi, romelTa msgavsic warsulSi ar gveguleba; Tumca,
JamTa svlaSi ukve SeimCneva raRac iseTi, rac Cvens gaubedav Taosnobas TanaugrZnobs da esalmeba.
qali da qalwuli TavianTi axali, damoukidebeli ganviTarebis gzaze mxolod droebiT gaxdebian
mamakacuri znisa Tu uzneobis, mis moTxovnaTa mimbaZvel-gammeorebelni. es droebiTi niRabi gaxlavT.
magram Caivlis es gardamavali periodi da mivxvdebiT: xSiri da metwilad sasacilo cvalebadoba
qals niRabiviT imisTvis dasWirda, rom meore sqesis damamaxinjebeli gavlenisgan ganewminda Tavisi
WeSmariti arsi. qali, vis arsebaSic sicocxle ufro uSualod, ufro nayofierad, ufro ndobiT
mkvidrobs da yovndeba, cxadia, ufro dasrulebuli, ufro adamianuri adamiania, vidre mamakaci,
romelic, raki sxeulebriv nayofs arasdros daumZimebia, agre mCated gaCenila sicocxlis zedapirs
qvemoT da Tanac qalis, romelic viTomcda uyvars, mniSvnelobas amcirebs qedmaRlurad da
daufiqreblad. dadgeba dro da amomzevdeba am tkivilebiTa da damcirebebiT naSobi adamianoba qalisa,
– Tuki qali garegani cxovrebis gardaqmnisas mxolod qaluri Cvevebisgan gaTavisufldeba, –
amomzevdeba, da mamakaci, dRes rom verca grZnobs qalis momavals, am ucabedi gardasaxviT
gaognebuli, Tavs daidreks mis winaSe. odesme (CrdiloeTis qveynebSi ukve igrZnoba amis niSnebi)
mdedrobiToba mxolod mamrobiTobis sapirispiro gamovlineba ki aRar iqneba, aramed qali da
qalwuli TavisTavadi arsebani gaxdebian, romelTac arc Sevseba dasWirdebaT da arc gamijvna, aramed
mxolod – sicocxle da yofiereba. daibadeba damoukidebeli mdedrobiTi adamiani: dedakaci. sakuTari
arsebis amgvari gardaqmnisas (mamakacTa nebisa da qedmaRlur, Jamgadasul mosazrebaTa sapirispirod)
qali siyvarulsac gardaqmnis. es gancda jer kidev cdomilebaa da dabneuloba, Semdgom ki qali mas
iseT urTierTobad aqcevs, romelic qalisa da mamakacis gaerTianeba ki aRar iqneba, aramed – erTi
adamianis meoresTan daaxloeba; es ufro adamianuri siyvaruli (romelic ganSorebis Jamsac iseve
gulisxmieri, saTuTi da naTelia, rogoric daaxloebisas iyo) im gancdis msgavsi iqneba,
dResdReobiT siZneleebTan WidilSi da tanjviT rom vZerwavT; msgavsi iqneba im siyvarulisa, romlis
arsi is gaxlavT, rom orma martosulma adamianma unda daifaros, daicvas da aRiaros erTmaneTis
martooba.
da kidev: dakargulad nu CaTvliT im did siyvaruls, romelic bavSvobaSi gargunaT bedma; egeba
swored maSin mwifdeboda TqvenSi is didi, keTili azrebi da survilebi, dRes rom gasuldgmuleben.
vfiqrob, Tqvens mogonebaSi es siyvaruli imis gamoc CaibeWda ase Rrmad da uflebamosilad, rom is
Tqveni pirveli didi sulieri martooba, Tqvens cxovrebaSi aRsrulebuli pirveli sulieri saqme
iyo.

keTili survilebiT,
Tqveni
rainer maria rilke

borgebi-gori, fledi, SvedeTi,

12 agvisto, 1904

minda kvlav SegexmianoT, Zvirfaso batono, Tumca, amjerad sagulisxmos verafers getyviT. bevri
mwuxareba gamogicdiaT. yvelafers ukve Cauvlia. da, Turme, es Cavlac mtkivneuli da damaRonebeli
yofila TqvenTvis. magram dafiqrdiT, geTayva, egeb ki ar Caiara, aramed pirdapir gulisgulSi
gagiaraT! da egeb am satanjvelma bevri ram Secvala TqvenSi, erTianad SegcvalaT Tqveni arsebis
romeliRac kunWulSi? cudi da saSiSi mxolod is mwuxarebaa, yvelas dasanaxad saxeze rom
moirgeben xolme, raTa am upiratesobiT sxvebi daCrdilon. zerele da ugunuri mkurnalobis
wyalobiT mourCeneli snebisa ar iyos, mwuxarebac mxolod droebiT ixevs ukan da sul cota xanSi
axali, uaresi ZaliT ifeTqebs xolme. ase grovdeba da gubdeba CvenSi amgvari naRveli da iqceva
cxovrebad, im cxovrebad, romliTac Cven ar vcxovrobT, uarvyaviT da davkargeT. aseTma cxovrebam ki
SeiZleba sicocxlec mouswrafos adamians. Cveni codnis sazRvrebs miRma rom SegvZleboda gaxedva da
cota kidev iqiT, Cveni gumanis winaxazsac rom gadavcilebodiT, maSin iqneb Cvens mwuxarebas ufro
meti ndobiT movkidebodiT, vidre – sixaruls; radgan swored maSin, roca vmwuxarebT, raRac axali,
raRac ucnobi ram Semodis CvenSi, yvela grZnoba SiSiT munjdeba mis winaSe, ukan ixevs da
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warmoiqmneba: siCume. is ki, axali da yvelasTvis ucnobi, dgas im siCumis SuagulSi da dums.
darwmunebuli var, yvela Cveni wuxili im sulieri daZabulobis wuTebia, romelic Cven dambla
gvgonia xolme, radgan aRar gvesmis Cveni gaucxoebuli gancdebis xma, radgan uceb wagvarTves
yovelive SeCveuli da axlobeli, radgan im gadasasvlelze vdgavarT, sadac gaCereba ar SeiZleba.
amitom midis xolme mwuxareba, siaxle ki, romelic man moiyola – Cveni gulis uRrmes sakanSi Sedis
da iq uCainardeba, – sisxlSi gadadis da veRarc vigebT, ra iyo es; iqneba vinme Seecados Cvens
darwmunebas: araferic ar momxdarao, magram Cven xom SevicvaleT, saxe vicvaleT im saxliviT,
romlis karic stumarma SeaRo. verc ki vityviT, Tu vin gvewvia da egeb verc verasodes gavigoT,
magram bevri ram migvaniSnebs, rom momavali Semovida CvenSi, raTa Cvens wiaRSi gardaisaxos,
gardaiqmnas didi xniT adre iqamde, vidre aRsruldeba, amitom aris mniSvnelovani: martodmarto da
yuradRebiT ganvicadoT mwuxareba, radganac CvenSi momavlis SemoWris wami, erTi SexedviT, ase
daSretili da umoqmedo rom gvegona, sinamdvileSi bevrad ufro savsea sicocxliT, vidre – is
SemTxveviTi da xmauriani wuTebi, roca momavali Cvens SigniT ki ar ibadeba, aramed garedan gvexleba.
rac ufro Cumad, moTminebiT da Ria arsebiT vmwuxarebT, miT ufro Rrmad da Seumcdarad iWreba
CvenSi raRac axali. miT ufro advilad viTvisebT mas, miT ufro Cvens bediswerad gveqceva igi da
mogvianebiT, roca es bediswera `aRsruldeba~ (anu Cvengan amova da sxvebs mieaxleba) – is axlobeli
ineba CvenTvis. es ki aucileblad saWiroa da Cveni ganviTarebac TandaTan iqiT aiRebs gezs, rom
ucxo aRaraferi SegvemTxves da mxolod is gadagvxvdes, rac didi xania ukve Cvenia. vin icis,
adamianma moZraobis arsis gamomxatveli ramdeni cneba moifiqra da gadaifiqra, da, ai, TandaTan imis
aRiarebamdec miva, rom is, rasac Cven bedisweras vuwodebT, garedan ki ar iWreba adamianSi, aramed,
piriqiT, Tavad adamianis wiaRidan amoimarTeba. vinaidan bedisweraTa umravlesoba, – vidre adamianSi
arsebobda, _ adamianma ver Seiwova da sakuTar wiaRSi ver gardasaxa, amitomac veRar scnobs maT,
roca isini misi siRrmidan zemoT amodian. bediswera imdenad ucxoa kacisTvis, agre hgonia: swored
am wuTs damatyda Tavso, da ificeba: aqamde msgavsi araferi gadamxdeniao. iseve, rogorc karga xans
mcdarad hqondaT warmodgenili mzis moZraoba, Cvenc aseve arasworad gvesmis momavlis dinebis gza
da kvali. momavali, Zvirfaso batono kapus, myarad dgas: es Cven vtrialebT usazRvro sivrceSi.
da ra gasakviria, Tu ase gvimZims igi da gviZneldeba?
xolo Tu kvlav martoobaze visaubrebT, maSin dameTanxmebiT, rom arCevani ar gagvaCnia: Cven
martoni varT. didi-didi, Tavi movityuoT da ise moviqceT, TiTqos ase ar iyos. magram ara sjobs,
vaRiaroT, rom Cven sworedac martosuli arsebebi varT? am gulaxdili aRiarebis Semdeg, iqneb,
Tavgzac davkargoT, radgan yvelaferi gamogvecleba, razedac Cvens mzeras Sesveneba uyvarda,
axlobeli sagani aRar SegvrCeba, xolo Soreuli sagnebi usasrulod dagvSordebian. myudro
oTaxidan winaswari Semzadebisa da gafrTxilebis gareSe kacma cicabo kldeze rom amoyo Tavi, maSin
Tu dageufleba msgavsi gancda; gaugonari unugeSoba Segipyrobs, sasowarkveTa, rom ganwiruli xar,
rom raRac uxilavisa da usaxelos xelSi Cavardi, SiSic agitans, SiSi, romelmac lamis adgilzeve
gaganadguros. xan mogeCveneba, vecemi da sivrceSi miveqanebio, xanac aTas nawilad daSlilsa da
damsxvreuls warmoidgen Tavs (ra uzarmazari tyuili unda moegonebina am adamianis gonebas, rom
gancdebi daemorCilebina da daemSvidebina?!). ai, aseve icvleba martosulisTvis manZilebi da
sazomebi; amgvari cvlilebani mraval rasme iwveven, Tundac imgvar SegrZneba-warmodgenebs, kldis
qimze darCenil adamians rom daeufleboda, da SiSebs, romelTa atanac SeuZlebeli Cans, magram
aucilebelia esec gadavitanoT. Cven rac SeiZleba unda gavafarTovoT Cveni warmodgena Cvens
yofierebaze. man isic ki unda moicvas, rac gaugonaria. es ki simamaces gulisxmobs da Cvenc,
arsebiTad, swored aseTi simamace mogveTxoveba: warbi ar SevixaroT im yovlad warmoudgenlis,
gamaogneblisa da jeraryofilis winaSe, rac momavalSi SeiZleba SegvemTxves. sicoxcle didad
daazarala adamianTa simxdalem, simxdalem swored am TvalsazrisiT: `xilva~, `gamocxadeba~, `sulTa
samyaro~, sikvdili – yvela es CvenTvis esoden axlobeli movlena – mSiSara adamianma yoveldRiuri
uaryofiT ise Sors gandevna sicocxlidan, rom gancdebi, romelTa meoxebiTac isini unda Segvecno,
ukve dagviClungda da dagvelia. RmerTze arafers vambob. magram auxsnelis winaSe SiSma mxolod
calkeuli adamianis yofiereba ki ar gaaRariba, aramed adamianis adamianTan urTierTobac daaviwrova,
TiTqosda es urTierToba uzRvavi SesaZleblobiT aRsavse kalapotidan sadRac xriok zedapirze
gariyes, xriokze, sadac araferi xdeba, radgan mxolod sizantisa da sizarmacis brali rodia,
adamianuri urTierTobebi ase auwerlad erTferovani rom gaxda da mudam, yvelasTan erTsa da imave
saxes rom iRebs da meordeba; – damnaSavea Cveni SiSic im sruliad axali, gauTvaliswinebeli gancdis
winaSe, romlisTvisac Tavs moumzadeblad vTvliT. magram mxolod is adamiani, romelic mTel
sicocxles moicavs Sinaganad, yvelaze ufro auxsnelis CaTvliT, SeZlebs meore adamianTan
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urTierToba mudam cocxal sinamdviled ganicados da bolomde isazrdoos Tavisi yofierebis
wyarosTvaliT. adamianis yofierebaze rom vfiqrobT, Tvalwin SedarebiT did anda patara sivrces
warmovidgenT xolme, magram adamianTa umravlesoba Turme Tavisi oTaxis erT kunWuls icnobs,
fanjris niSs, an iatakis im zols, razedac dadis. ase ufro uxifaTod da myarad grZnobs Tavs da,
mainc, gacilebiT ufro adamianuria is xifaTiT savse mousvenroba, romelic ubiZgebs edgar pos
tusaRebs, xelis cecebiT ikvlion Semzaravi saknis formebi da TvalebSi Sexedon TavianTi
mdgomareobis gamouTqmel saSinelebas. Cven ki tusaRni ara varT. arc maxesa da xafangSi moxvedris
safrTxe gvemuqreba da, saerTod, arc arafers surs Cveni daSineba da wameba. Cven sicocxleSi varT
Cadgmul-Canergilni, anu – iseT stiqiaSi, yvelaze metad rom Segvesabameba da sicocxlesTan
saukunovani Seguebis Sedegad ise davemsgavseT mas, rom, rodesac Cumad varT, iRbliani mimikriis
wyalobiT, lamis arc ganvsxvavdebiT im arsebaTagan, gars rom gvaxvevia, araviTari safuZveli ara
gvaqvs, undoblad ganvewyoT samyaros mimarT, radgan is xom sulac ar gvmtrobs! Tuki SiSi modis
misgan, es Cveni SiSia; Tu ufskrulebi aqvs, esec Cveni ufskrulebia, da Tu sadme gansacdelia, unda
vcadoT da SeviyvaroT igi. Tu davyvebiT im Segonebas, rom siZnelisken warvmarToT Cveni gza, Znels
CaveWidoT, maSin is, rac axla yvelaze ucxod gveCveneba, yvelaze axlobel-erTguli gaxdeba CvenTvis.
rogor unda daviviwyoT msoflios TiTqmis yvela xalxis is uZvelesi miTi (lamis am xalxebis
gaCenis dRidan rom arsebobs), sadac urCxuli umZafres wuTs mefis asulad gadaiqceva xolme. vin
icis, egeb Cveni cxovrebis yvela urCxuli mefis asulia, Cvens simamacesa da sikeTes rom elis. egeb
yvelaferi saSineli da Semzaravi – Tavis siRrmeSi – mxolod umweo da sawyali ram aris, Svela
rom swyuria Cvengan.
amitom, Cemo batono, nu SeSindebiT, roca Tqvens winaSe iseTi uzarmazari mwuxareba azvirTdeba,
romlis msgavsic jer ar ginaxavT; nu SeSindebiT, Tu mousvenroba Rrubliani cis Suq-CrdilebiviT
gadauvlis Tqvens xelebsa da saqmianobas. Tu dafiqrdebiT, mixvdebiT kidec, rac xdeba TqvenSi.
mixvdebiT, rom sicocxles ar daviwyebixarT, xelSi upyrixarT da arc dasacemad gagimetebT. ratom
gindaT Tqveni cxovrebidan gandevnoT mousvenroba, tanjva Tu sulieri tkivili?! gandevnoT ise, rom
verc gaigoT, rad iRvwodnen, anda ra saqmes aRasrulebdnen isini TqvenSi?! rad CasciebixarT sakuTar
Tavs: netav, saidan movida es mwuxareba an saiT midiso? arada, kargad mogexsenebaT, rom gardatexis
xanaSi brZandebiT, gardamaval safexurze da, aki, arc arafers natrobT, Tqveni gardaqmnis garda. Tu
Tqveni romelime gancdis avadmyofuroba gakrTobT, maSin gaixseneT, rom avadmyofoba organizmis ucxo
sxeulebisgan gaTavisuflebis saSualebaa da organizms mxolod vexmarebiT imiT, rom avada varT.
bolomde unda movicvaT es avadmyofoba, raTa mere erTianad gadmovanTxioT, radgan es aris
organizmis winsvla. amJamad, batono kapus, imdeni ram xdeba Tqvens sulSi! Tqvenc moTminebiT unda
aRivsoT, rogorc sneuli da Tan gamokeTebisken pirqmnili. iqneb, marTlac orive xarT. ufro metic:
Tqven mkurnalic xarT, sakuTari Tavis mkurnali. magram avadobisas xSiria iseTi wuTebi, roca eqims
lodinis garda sxva araferi marTebs. ai, ra unda SeiZloT Tqvenc, sakuTari Tavis mkurnalma.
metismetad nu iCxrikebiT Tqvens gancdebSi, Tqveni amJamindeli mdgomareobis naucbaTev Sefasebasac
erideT: miuSviT suli Tavis nebaze. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, advilad daadanaSaulebT Tqvens warsuls
(igulisxmeba: moraluri TvalsazrisiT) Tqveni axlandeli mdgomareobis SeqmnaSi. magram rac
bavSvobisdroindeli Secdomebidan, survilebidan da ocnebebidan dResdReobiT moqmedebs Tqvens
arsebaSi, es is ar gaxlavT, rac Tqven gaxsovT da rasac bralsa sdebT. gardasuli da umweo
bavSvobis xana imdenad rTuli da mZimea, imdeni gavlenis qveS eqceva da Tan isea amovardnili
realur cxovrebiseul urTierTobaTa sferodan, rom bavSvobaSi Cadenil codvas codvasac ver
daarqmev. saerTod ki, movlenaTa saxeldebisas, didi sifrTxile gvmarTebs, xSirad swored sityva
`danaSauli~ arRvevs sicocxles da ara – usaxelo da uaRresad pirovnuli saqcieli, romelic,
SeiZleba, adamianis sasicocxlo aucileblobas warmoadgenda da misi cxovreba Zalze umtkivneulod
miiRebda kidec mas. Tqven TvliT, rom yovelive bevr Zalas garTmevT, ase imitom fiqrobT, rom
gamarjvebis fass azviadebT. gamarjveba is `didi saqme~ ki ar aris, romelic, ggoniaT, rom
aRasruleT, aramed didia is, ramac Seamzada Tqveni gamarjveba, riTac SegeZloT Tavidan ageridebinaT
cTomilebani. didia is, rac marTalia da WeSmariti. is rom ar dagxmarebodaT, Tqveni gamarjveba
mxolod moraluri reaqcia iqneboda da sxva araferi, axla ki Tqveni cxovrebis arsebiTi nawili
gaxda, nawili im cxovrebisa, batono kapus, romelsac sikeTes vusurveb. gaxsovT, albaT, yrmobis
asakSi rogor iswrafvodiT raRac `didisken~. axla ki, vxedav, rogor eltvis Tqvens arsebaSi es
`didi~ `diads~. amitomaa Cveni cxovreba mudamJams Zneli. magram swored imitom gvzrdis Sinaganad,
rom Znelia.

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 Cemi werilis dasasruls amasRa davZen: nu ifiqrebT, rom is adamiani, vinc ase cdilobs
ganugeSoT, udardelad cxovrobs am ubralo da Cumi sityvebis miRma, romelTac xandisxan simSvide
moaqvT TqvenTvis. icodeT, am adamianis cxovrebaSic mravali tanjva da mwuxarebaa, rac sityvebs
miRma imaleba. ase rom ar iyos, igi verasodes ipovida sityvebs, romelTac ZaluZT nugeSi scen
sxvas.

Tqveni
rainer maria rilke

fureborgi, ionseredi, SvedeTi,

4 noemberi, 1904

Zvirfaso batono kapus!

werili dagigvianeT, radgan mTeli es xani vmogzaurobdi, anda mouclelobis gamo ver gwerdiT
pasuxs. dResac Zalian miWirs wera. uamravi korespondencia gavamzade da xeli gadameRala. rom
SeiZlebodes vinmes vukarnaxo, maSin bevr rames getyodiT. amjerad ki oriode sityviT mogaxsenebT
Cems saTqmels.
Zvirfaso batono, ise xSirad gixsenebT da iseT Zlier survilebs gigzavniT, rom, vfiqrob,
raRacnairad unda giSveloT Cemma Zalisxmevam. magram gexmarebaT Tu ara raimeSi Cemi werilebi – amas
ki xSirad veWvob. nu mipasuxebT: diax, mexmarebao. mSvidad miiReT Cemi yoveli werili da madlobasac
ase xSirad nu gadamixdiT. moiTmineT da vnaxoT, ra moxdeba.
iqneb, Tqveni werilis yovel sityvas ase arc unda gamovedevno, radgan yvelaferi, rac
SeiZleboda meTqva Tqveni eWvebis Taobaze, Tqvens yovel sxva satkivarze, anda imis Sesaxeb, rom ver
SegiTanxmebiaT garegani da Sinagani cxovreba, – didi xania ukve giTxariT. Cemi rCeva uwindeburad
aseTia: aRivseT moTminebiT, raTa gauZloT yovelives, da im ubraloebiT, rac rwmenas sWirdeba,
ufro metad unda miendoT siZneleebs da Tqvens martoobas am xalxmravlobaSi, saerTod ki acaleT
cxovrebas sakuTari gziT idinos. merwmuneT: cxovreba mudam marTalia.
rac Seexeba gancdebs: sufTaa yoveli gancda, TqvenSi Zalebs rom aRviZebs, welSi rom gmarTavT
da agamaRlebT. uwminduria grZnoba, Tqveni arsebis mxolod erT mxares rom exeba da amitomac
amaxinjebs mas. yvelaferi marTebulia, rasac Tqvens bavSvobaze fiqrobT. yovelgvari zrda kargia,
Tuki imaze ukeTes arsebad gaqcevT, vidre aqamde iyaviT saukeTeso wuTebSi: yovelgvari zrda kargia,
Tu is mTel sisxlSia da ki ar gbangavT, gamRvrevT da gawuxebT, aramed iseT kamkama sixarulad
gadageqcevaT, romlis miRma fskersac ki xedavT: xom xvdebiT, rasac vgulisxmob?
daeWveba, SesaZloa, karg Tvisebadac ki gardageqmnaT, Tuki mas gawrTvniT. igi codnad da
Segnebul kritikad unda iqces. amitom, rogorc ki cudi mxridan daganaxebT raimes, maSinve
CahkiTxeT, Tu ratom aris es cudi da sazizRari. de, dagimtkicoT da dagisabuToT. ai, maSin ki
mixvdebiT, ra ususuri da umweo yofila Tqveni eWvi. Tumca, amaze nu SeCerdebiT: argumentebi
mosTxoveT! da yovelTvis ase Tanmimdevrulad da yuradRebiT moeqeciT da, iqneb, erT mSvenier dRes
es mowinaaRmdege erT-erT uerTgules Tanamzraxvelad da yvelaze gonier xelosan-TanaSemwedac ki
gadageqceT, yvela im Zalas Soris, rac Weds da ayalibebs Tqvens cxovrebas.
ai, yvelaferi, rac dRes TqvenTvis mindoda da SemeZlo meTqva. werilTan erTad patara poemis
amonabeWdsac gigzavniT, praRis gamomcemlobam rom gamoaqveyna krebulSi `Deutsche Arbeit~. am poemiT
vagrZeleb TqvenTan saubars sicocxleze da sikvdilze, da kidev – imaze, Tu ra didi da mSvenieria
orive.

Tqveni
rainer maria rilke

parizi, Sobis meore dRe, 1908

15
 verc warmoidgenT, Zvirfaso batono, rogor gamaxareT Tqveni saucxoo weriliT, romelmac
amjerad kargi, gulwrfeli da naTeli ambebi momitana: TandaTan ufro vrwmundebi, rom yvelaferi es
namdvilad sasixaruloa; saSobaodac swored es mindoda TqvenTvis meTqva da momewera. mTeli zamTari
sawer magidasTan gavatare. Tumca, arc daRliloba migrZvnia da arc mowyeniloba. Cveni ZvelTaZveli
dResaswaulic ise ucbad Semomepara, dro Zlivs meyo saSobao samzadisisTvis da werilisTvisac ver
movicale.
Sobis dReebSi xSirad vfiqrobdi Tqvenze da vcdilobdi warmomedgina, Tu ra simyudrove da
simSvide sufevs SiSveli mTebiT garSemortymul Tqvens ganmartoebul cixesimagreSi: warmovidgen
xolme, rogor erkinebian am kldeebs samxreTuli qarebi, TiTqos lodebad daSlasa da STanTqmas rom
upireben maT.
raoden usazRvro unda iyos am diadi moZraobebiTa da xmebiT aRsavse siCume: da Tuki mTel am
moZraobaSi Soreuli zRvis Srialsac SeigrZnob kaci, Srials, romelic am pirvelyofl harmoniaSi
SesaZloa yvelaze Sinagan bgeras warmoadgens, maSin mxolod erTi ram unda gisurvoT adamianma:
endeT da moTminebiT ganicadeT am gansacvifrebeli martoobis zemoqmedeba, romelsac mogvianebiT
veRarc ki amoSliT Tqveni cxovrebidan, mudam igrZnobT mis farul gavlenas, radgan is yovel Tqvens
mermindel gancdasa Tu saqmeSi gaagrZelebs sicocxlesa da idumal qmedebas, rogorc winaparTa
sisxli erTvis Cvens sisxls, Cvens ZarRvebSi miedineba da dasabams aZlevs im erTaderTs,
ganumeorebelsa da Taviseburs, rac Cven varT, maSinac ki, roca vicvlebiT.
ra Tqma unda, mixaria, rom daimkvidreT Tqveni adgili cxovrebaSi. Tqveni samxedro samsaxuri,
wodeba da forma, erTis SexedviT, SeiZleba advili egonos adamians, Tumca, es xelSesaxebi da viwro
yofiereba ukacur garemoSi, adamianTa mxolod mcirericxovan jgufTan erTad, myisve simkacriTa da
sxva, uCveulo mniSvnelobiT aRibeWdeba. Cveulebrivi samxedro samsaxurisgan gansxvavebiT, igi
drostarebas, drois fuWad flangvas ar gacliT, damoukidebeli moqmedebis unars aZlierebs TqvenSi
da drois fxizlad gamoyenebis SesaZleblobasac gaZlevT. da rom Cveni cxovrebis pirobebma
gardagvqmnan da xangamoSvebiT bunebis diadi da mniSvnelovani movlenebis pirispir dagvayenon –
sworedac rom aucilebelia CvenTvis.
Tavad xelovneba erT-erTi saxeobaa cxovrebisa; savsebiT SesaZlebelia, sadme ubralod, SenTvis
cxovrobde da Seucnoblad swored xelovnebisTvis emzadebode; yovelgvari namdvili saqmianoba ufro
axlosaa xelovnebasTan, ufro enaTesaveba mas, vidre romelime naxevrad artistuli, farisevluri
profesia, xelovnebasTan siaxloveze rom debs Tavs da sinamdvileSi amaxinjebs da uaryofs
WeSmariti xelovnebis arss. ai, amas sCadis mTeli Jurnalizmi da TiTqmis yvelanairi kritika da
kidev didi nawili imisa, rasac literaturas eZaxian da rasac auCemebia, literaturad iwodebodes.
mokled rom giTxraT, Zalze mixaria, rom Tavi daaRwieT am mcdar da pretenziul gzaze moxvedris
safrTxes, uaryaviT is, rac ar iyo Tqveni mowodeba, da gabedulad arCieT mkacri sinamdvilis
pirispir marto dgoma. dae, am werilma gangamtkicoT da dagifaroT am gzaze.

mudam Tqveni
rainer maria rilke

16