Coloranti sintetici

Nr. crt. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20 Numele colorantului Rou Allura AC Albastru brilliant FCF Eritrozina Fast Green FCF Indigotina Galben FCF Tartrazina Amarant Negru Brilliant BN Brun FK Carmoisina (Azorubina) Brun HT Verde acid brilliant BS Albastru patent V Ponceau 4R Galben de chinolin Rou 2G Galben 2G Citrus Red No. 2 Orange B FDA Index FD&C Red No. 40 FD&C Blue No. 1 FD&C Red No. 3 FD&C Green No. 3 FD&C Blue No. 2 FD&C Yellow No. 6 FD&C Yellow No. 5 D&C Yellow No. 10 Citrus Red No. 2 Orange B Numarul din Color Index (CI) 16035 42090 45430 42053 73015 15985 19140 16185 28440 14710 20285 44090 42051 16225 47005 18050 18965 12156 19235 Codificare UE

E129 E 133 E 127 E 132 E 110 E 102 E 123 E 151 E 154 E 122 E 155 E142 E131 E 124 E 104 E 128 E 107
-

Colorani alimentari galbeni/portocalii

HO NaO3S N=N

NaO3S

N=N HO N N

COONa

Tartrazina E102 SO3Na O NH

Galben FCF (Galben oranj S) E110 (SO3Na)n

SO3Na

O Galben de quinolina (n = 1,2,3) E104

Tartrazina
COOH CHOH HNO3 CHOH H2SO4 COOH COOH CHONO2 HO
-

COOH O=C C=O

2 NaO3S C6H4 NH NH2

CHONO2 - HNO2 COOH

COOH

COOH acid dihidroxitartric COONa N N Tartrazina

NaO3SC6H4 NH N = C C = N NH C6H4SO3Na COOH

- H2O NaO3SC6H4 NH N O

C6H4SO3Na

NaO3S

N=N HO N N

COONa

E 102
SO3Na

Galbenul de chinolin
O + O N CH3 C C O ZnCl 2 200oC N ftalida CH C O

C O

chinaldina

CO C CO

H2SO4 (HO3S)n N

CO C CO

E 104

Colorani alimentari roii

OH NaO3S N=N SO3Na Azorubina E122 HO NaO3S N=N NaO3S Ponceau 4R E124 OCH 3 HO NaO3S H3C Rosu Ac E129 SO3Na N=N SO3Na N=N NaO3S Rosu 2G E128 NaO I I O C COONa Eritrozina E127 I O I SO3Na NaO3S HO N=N SO3Na

-Azoici -Xantenici

Amarant E123 OH

SO3Na

NHCOCH 3

Reactia de cuplare a sarurilor de diazoniu aromatice cu componente de cuplare

pH C Yn
Amina primar aromatic Acid naftionic Acid naftionic

Ar

N N ] XD

Ar

N N Yn
Componenta de cuplare

Colorant

Denumiri comerciale Azorubina, Carmoisina Amarant, C.I.Food Red, L-Rot, FD&C nr.2, Bordeaux S Ponceau 4R, C.I.Food Red, Cochineal Red A Rou azonaftol G, Azogeranina, Red G, Food Red 10, Red 2G Rou Allura AC, FD&C nr.40, C.I.Food Red 17,

E 122 E 123 E 124 E 128

Acid 4-hidroxi-1-naftalin sulfonic (Acid Neville-Winter) Acid 2-hidroxi-naftalin-3,6-disulfonic (Acid R) Acid 7-hidroxi-naftalin-1,3-disulfonic (Acid G) Acid 1-hidroxi-8-acetamido-naftalin3,6-disulfonic (acid H acetilat) Acid 6-hidroxi-naftalin-2-sulfonic (Acid Schffer)

Acid naftionic

Anilina

E 129

Acidul 4-amino-2-metil5-metoxibenzensulfonic

Sinteza materii prime

NH2 + H2SO4 NH3 ]HSO4
+ -

NH2 NaHSO3aq 100oC - NH3

OH

180oC 0,8atm -H2O SO3H Acid naftionic

SO3H Acid Nevile-Winter

SO3H 50oC

OH

SO3H oleum 20% 50-60oC HO3S

OH

OH + H2SO4

Acid croceic 90oC

Acid G 90oC

90oC HO3S

OH Acid Schaffer

H2SO4 110oC

OH HO3S Acid R SO3H

SO3H
major

HO3S
minor

SO3H

H2SO4,100% 150oC

SO3H
150oC minor

SO3H HO3S
oleum,20% 30-40oC

SO3H SO3H

HO3S NH2 OH

NO2 SO3H
HNO3

NH2 SO3H SO3H

Fe/FeCl3 H2O

HO3S

HO3S

SO3H

topire alcalina

HO3S

Acid H

SO3H

Eritrozina

CO O CO

OH + 2 OH

HO ZnCl 2 180-200oC

O C O C

OH

forma lactoida (incolora)

HO

O C

NaO

O C

NaO I I2 HIO 3, EtOH

O C

O I

2NaOH COOH

COONa Uramina

COONa Eritrozina

forma chinoida (galbena)

(rosie, flurescenta)

E127

Colorani alimentari albatri

NaO3S N H H N SO3Na Et N C SO3Et + N SO3- 2Na
+

Indigotina Indigotine

E 132

Et2N C SO3-

NEt2 Ca2+
-

O3S

HO

SO3Albastru patent V

E 131

Albastru brilliant FCF

E 133

Sinteza indigo/ indigotina

COOH NH2 a) C O + ClCH2COOH

-

Na2CO3

COONa NH CH2COOH H N

HO 200oC

N H Acid indoxil-2-carboxilic b) + ClCH2COOH NH2 + CH2O + NaCN NH2

C COO

aer N H Indigo

COOH 2NH3 CH2 2HO NH

O N H Indoxil

aer

Indigo

sulfonare

Indigotina E 132

Albastru patent V
CH3 CrO3 NO2 NEt2 CH CHO NO2 H3O+ O2N Et2N Et2N CH NEt2 Et2N 1) 2SO3 2) Ca(OH)2 HO NEt2 C SO3Ca2+
+

Et2N 2 C6H5NEt2 CH

NEt2

NEt2 CH PbO2 SO3H HCl

1) diazotare 2) hidroliza HO

H2N Et2N OH C SO3H HO SO3Ca/2 NEt2 H3O+ H2O

Et2N

SO3Ca/2

HO

SO3Albastru patent V

Verde acid brilliant BS

OH Me2N CH OH Hidrolul lui Michler NMe2 + HO3S Acid R NMe 2 CH OH HO3S SO3H Me 2N C OH SO3H

H2SO4

Me 2N

NMe 2

PbO2/HCl MnO 2/H2SO4 HO3S

SO3

Verde acid brilliant BS

E 142

Colorani alimentari bruni/negri

HO NaO3S N=N N=N NaO3S SO3Na CH2OH HO

NHCOCH 3

(D1C1)C2

SO3Na Negru brilliant BN

E 151

D1CD1

NaO3S

N=N OH

N=N

SO3Na Brun HT

Crbunele vegetal (E 153),

E 155

Pigmeni anorganici
Carbonatul de calciu - E 170 Dioxidul de titan - E 171 Oxizii i hidroxizii de fier - E 172

Aluminiul - E 173 Argintul - E 174 Aurul - E 175 Litol rubina BK - E180

Oxid de zinc Talc