En 199.1.4 ITA PDF

Eurocodice 1
NORMA Azioni sulle strutture UNI EN 1991-1-4

E U R OP E A Parte 1-4: Azioni in generale - Azioni del vento
MAGGIO 2010
Eurocode 1
Actions on structures
Part 1-4: General actions - Wind actions
La norma fornisce una guida per la determinazione delle azioni del

vento per la progettazione strutturale di edifici ed opere di ingegneria
civile per ciascuna delle zone di carico considerate.
La norma si applica a edifici ed opere di ingegneria civile con
altezza fino a 200 m e a ponti con campata non maggiore di 200 m.
TESTO INGLESE
La presente norma è la versione ufficiale in lingua inglese della

norma europea EN 1991-1-4 (edizione aprile 2005) e
dell’aggiornamento A1 (edizione aprile 2010) e tiene conto
dell’errata corrige di gennaio 2010 (AC:2010).
La presente norma sostituisce la UNI EN 1991-1-4:2005.
ICS 91.010.30
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UNI EN 1991-1-4:2010
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PREMESSA NAZIONALE
La presente norma costituisce il recepimento, in lingua inglese, della
norma europea EN 1991-1-4 (edizione aprile 2005 + errata corrige
AC:2010) e dell’aggiornamento A1 (edizione aprile 2010), che
assumono così lo status di norma nazionale italiana.
La presente norma è stata elaborata sotto la competenza della

Commissione Tecnica UNI
Ingegneria strutturale
La presente norma è stata ratificata dal Presidente dell’UNI ed è

entrata a far parte del corpo normativo nazionale il 13 maggio 2010.
Le norme UNI sono elaborate cercando di tenere conto dei punti di vista di tutte le parti
interessate e di conciliare ogni aspetto conflittuale, per rappresentare il reale stato
dell’arte della materia ed il necessario grado di consenso.
Chiunque ritenesse, a seguito dell’applicazione di questa norma, di poter fornire sug-
gerimenti per un suo miglioramento o per un suo adeguamento ad uno stato dell’arte
in evoluzione è pregato di inviare i propri contributi all’UNI, Ente Nazionale Italiano di
Unificazione, che li terrà in considerazione per l’eventuale revisione della norma stessa.
Le norme UNI sono revisionate, quando necessario, con la pubblicazione di nuove edizioni o
di aggiornamenti.
È importante pertanto che gli utilizzatori delle stesse si accertino di essere in possesso
dell’ultima edizione e degli eventuali aggiornamenti.
Si invitano inoltre gli utilizzatori a verificare l’esistenza di norme UNI corrispondenti alle
norme EN o ISO ove citate nei riferimenti normativi.
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UNI EN 1991-1-4:2010 © UNI Pagina II

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 1991-1-4:2005/A1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM April 2010
ICS 91.010.30
English Version
Eurocode 1: Actions on structures - Part 1-4: General actions -

Wind actions
Eurocode 1: Actions sur les structures - Partie 1-4 : Actions Eurocode 1: Einwirkungen auf Tragwerke - Teil 1-4:
générales - Actions du vent Allgemeine Einwirkungen - Windlasten
This amendment A1 modifies the European Standard EN 1991-1-4:2005; it was approved by CEN on 18 February 2010.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for inclusion of this
amendment into the relevant national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such
national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
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This amendment exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the
responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 1991-1-4:2005/A1:2010: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
UNI EN 1991-1-4:2010
EN 1991-1-4:2005/A1:2010 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN 1991-1-4:2005/A1:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 250
“Structural Eurocodes”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text
or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest
by October 2010.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
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UNI EN 1991-1-4:2010
EN 1991-1-4:2005/A1:2010 (E)
Page 7
National annex for EN 1991-1-4 - add the following:
“7.2.3(2)”
“7.2.3(4)”
“7.2.4(1)”
“7.2.4(3)”
“7.2.5(1)”
“7.2.5(3)”
“7.2.6(1)”
“7.2.6(3)”
“7.2.7”
“7.3(6)”
“7.9.2(2)”
“Table 7.14”
Page 37
7.2.3 Flat roofs
Delete 7.2.3(2) and replace with:
“7.2.3(2) The roof should be divided in zones.
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NOTE The zones may be defined by the National Annex.
The recommended zones are given in Figure 7.6.”
Delete 7.2.3(4) and (5) and replace with:
“7.2.3(4) Pressure coefficients should be defined for each zone.
NOTE 1 The pressure coefficients may be set by the National Annex.

The recommended values are given in Table 7.2
NOTE 2 The resulting pressure coefficient on the parapet should be determined using 7.4.”
Page 39
Table 7.2 – Delete title and replace with the following:
“Recommended values of external pressure coefficients for flat roofs.”
In NOTE 3 delete “shall” and replace with “should”.
UNI EN 1991-1-4:2010
EN 1991-1-4:2005/A1:2010 (E)
Editing Note – The Table is now moved to a NOTE and therefore the font size used should be
reduced accordingly. The Table should be repositioned at the first revision
Add the following new NOTE 6:
“NOTE 6 For mansard eaves with horizontal dimension less than e/10,the values for sharp eaves
should be used. For the definition of e see Figure 7.6”
Page 40
7.2.4 Monopitch roofs - delete 7.2.4(1) and 7.2.4(3) and replace the text as
follows:
“7.2.4(1) The roof, including its protruding parts, should be divided in zones.
NOTE The zones may be defined by the National Annex. The recommended zones are given in
Figure 7.7.
7.2.4(3) Pressure coefficients should be defined for each zone.

NOTE The pressure coefficients may be set by the National Annex. The recommended values are
given in Table 7.3a and Table 7.3b.”
Page 42
Tables 7.3a & 7.3b, change titles of both tables to:
“Recommended values of external pressure coefficients for monopitch roofs”
Editing Note – The Tables are now moved to a NOTE and the font size used should be
reduced accordingly. The Tables should be repositioned at the first revision
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Page 43
7.2.5
Delete 7.2.5(1) and 7.2.5(3) and replace with:
NOTE The zones may be defined by the National Annex. The recommended zones are given in Figure 7.8.

NOTE The pressure coefficients may be set by the National Annex. The recommended values are given in
Table 7.4a and Table 7.4b.”
Page 45
Table 7.4a , change title of table to:
“Recommended values of external pressure coefficients for duopitch roofs”
Editing Note – The Table is now moved to a NOTE and the font size used should be reduced
accordingly. The Table should be repositioned at the first revision
Page 46
Table 7.4b change title of table to:
“Recommended values of external pressure coefficients for duopitch roofs”
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EN 1991-1-4:2005/A1:2010 (E)
Page 47
7.2.6 Hipped roofs - delete 7.2.6(1) and 7.2.6(3) and replace with:
NOTE The zones may be defined by the National Annex. The recommended zones are given in
Figure 7.9.”
NOTE The pressure coefficients may be set by the National Annex. The recommended values are
given in Table 7.5.
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Page 48
Table 7.5 , change title of table to:
“Recommended values of external pressure coefficients for hipped roofs of buildings”
Page 49
7.2.7 Multispan roofs
Add new clause (4) at the end:
“(4) For a multispan roof when no resulting horizontal force arise, a minimum roughness
factor of 0,05 (independently from the roughness of the structure) should be taken into
account for wind actions normal to the areas of the multispan roof. Consequently each
multispan roof shall be designed for the following minimum resulting horizontal force:
0,05 · qp,ze · AShed
where AShed is the base area of each multispan roof.”
UNI EN 1991-1-4:2010
EN 1991-1-4:2005/A1:2010 (E)
Page 55
7.3 Canopies
7.3(6) - delete the first bullet point and replace with the following:
“— for a monopitch canopy (Table 7.6) the location of the centre of pressure should
be defined as a distance from the windward edge.
NOTE The location may be given in the National Annex. The recommended location is in Figure 7.16.”
Page 72
7.9.2 Force coefficients - delete 7.9.2(2) and replace with:
“7.9.2(2) Values of equivalent surface roughness k for new surfaces are given in Table 7.13.
NOTE For aged surfaces the values of the equivalent surface roughness k may be given in the National
Annex.”
Page 74
Table 7.14 - In Table 7.14, first column, second row “a/b < 3, 5” delete expression and
replace with :
“2,5 < a/b < 3,5”
Add the following NOTE to the Table:
“NOTE For a/b < 2,5 the values of may be given in the National Annex”
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UNI EN 1991-1-4:2010
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 1991-1-4:2005/AC
NORME EUROPÉENNE January 2010
Janvier 2010
EUROPÄISCHE NORM Januar 2010
ICS 91.010.30
English version
Version Française
Deutsche Fassung
Eurocode 1: Actions on structures - Part 1-4: General actions - Wind

actions
Eurocode 1 : Actions sur les structures - Eurocode 1: Einwirkungen auf Tragwerke -

Partie 1-4 : Actions générales - Actions du Teil 1-4: Allgemeine Einwirkungen -
vent Windlasten
This corrigendum becomes effective on 27 January 2010 for incorporation in the three official
language versions of the EN.
Ce corrigendum prendra effet le 27 janvier 2010 pour incorporation dans les trois versions
linguistiques officielles de la EN.
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Die Berichtigung tritt am 27.Januar 2010 zur Einarbeitung in die drei offiziellen Sprachfassungen der
EN in Kraft.

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members.
Tous droits d'exploitation sous quelque forme et de quelque manière que ce soit réservés dans le monde entier aux
membres nationaux du CEN.
Alle Rechte der Verwertung, gleich in welcher Form und in welchem Verfahren, sind weltweit den nationalen Mitgliedern
von CEN vorbehalten.
Ref. No.:EN 1991-1-4:2005/AC:2010 D/E/F
UNI EN 1991-1-4:2010
EN 1991-1-4:2005/AC:2010 (E)
1) Modifications to "National annex for EN 1991-1-4"

Page 7, delete the following:
“1.1 (11) Note 1”.
Page 8, replace:
“8.4.2 (1) Notes 1 and 2”
with:
“8.4.2 (1)”.
2) Modifications to 1.1
Page 9, replace paragraph (2) with the following one:
“(2) This Part is applicable to:
• Buildings and civil engineering works with heights up to 200 m, see also (11).
• Bridges having no span greater than 200 m, provided that they satisfy the criteria
for dynamic response, see (12) and 8.2.”.
Pages 9 and 10, replace paragraph (11):
“(11) This part does not give guidance on the following aspects:
− wind actions on lattice towers with non-parallel chords
− wind actions on guyed masts and guyed chimneys
− torsional vibrations, e.g. tall buildings with a central core
− bridge deck vibrations from transverse wind turbulence
− cable supported bridges
− vibrations where more than the fundamental mode needs to be considered
NOTE 1 The National Annex may provide guidance on these aspects as non contradictory
complementary information.
NOTE 2 For wind actions on guyed masts, guyed chimneys and lattice towers with non-parallel
chords, see EN 1993-3-1, Annex A.
NOTE 3 For wind actions on lighting columns, see EN 40.”
with:
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“(11) Guyed masts and lattice towers are treated in EN 1993-3-1 and lighting columns in EN
40.
(12) This part does not give guidance on the following aspects:
• torsional vibrations, e.g. tall buildings with a central core
UNI EN 1991-1-4:2010
EN 1991-1-4:2005/AC:2010 (E)
• bridge deck vibrations from transverse wind turbulence
• wind actions on cable supported bridges
• vibrations where more than the fundamental mode needs to be considered.”.
Pages 11 and 12, paragraph (2), “Latin upper case letters”, between the lines dedicated to “K”
and “Kiv”, add the following line:
“Ka aerodynamic damping parameter”.
Page 12, paragraph (2), “Latin lower case letters”, between the lines dedicated to “cp” and
“cprob”, add the following lines:
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“cpe external pressure coefficient
cpi internal pressure coefficient
cp,net net pressure coefficient”.
Page 13, paragraph (2), “Latin lower case letters”, between the lines dedicated to “k” and “kp”,
add the following lines:
“kl turbulence factor”.
Page 14, paragraph (2), “Greek lower case letters”, definition of “δa”, replace “aerodynamic
logarithmic decrement of damping” with “logarithmic decrement of aerodynamic damping”.
Page 14, paragraph (2), “Greek lower case letters”, definition of “δs”, replace “structural
logarithmic decrement of damping” with “logarithmic decrement of structural damping”.
4) Modification to “Section 2”
Page 16, paragraph (2), replace the NOTE:
“NOTE See also EN 1991-1-3, EN 1991-2 and ISO FDIS12494”
with the following:
“NOTE See also EN 1991-1-3, EN 1991-2 and ISO 12494”.
5) Modification to 6.3.2
Page 30, paragraph (1), 3rd line, replace “5.2” with “5.3”.
Page 50, paragraph (1), Figure 7.11, replace the three lines between the figure itself and its
title:
“for 0 < h/d < 0,5, cpe,10 is obtained by linear interpolation
for 0,2 f/d 0,3 and h/d 0,5, two values of cpe,10 have to be considered
UNI EN 1991-1-4:2010
EN 1991-1-4:2005/AC:2010 (E)
the diagram is not applicable for flat roofs”
with:
“For Zone A:
• for 0 < h/d < 0,5, the coefficient cpe,10 is obtained by linear interpolation
• for 0,2 f/d 0,3 and h/d 0,5, two values of cpe,10 have to be considered
• the diagram is not applicable for flat roofs”.
7) Modification to 7.3
Page 56, paragraph 8), Table 7.6, 5th row “[Roof angle = ]10°”, 4th column “Zone A”, 3rd
line in the cell (corresponding to “Minimum = 1”), replace “- 2,1” with “- 1,6”.
Page 68, paragraph (1), Table 7.11, replace the table with the following one:
Number Finish of surface (a)

Sections Reynolds number Re cf,0
of sides and of corners
5 Pentagon all All 1,80
6 Hexagon all All 1,60

5
surface smooth
(b) Re ≤ 2,4⋅10 1,45
r/b < 0,075 Re ≥ 3⋅10
5
1,30
8 Octagon
5
surface smooth
(b) Re ≤ 2⋅10 1,30
r/b ≥ 0,075 Re ≥ 7⋅10
5
1,10
10 Decagon all All 1,30

(c)
surface smooth 5 6
2 ⋅ 10 < Re < 1,2⋅10 0,90
corners rounded
12 Dodecagon 5
Re < 4⋅10 1,30
all others 5
Re > 4⋅10 1,10
Hexdecagon 5 treat as a circular

surface smooth
(c) Re < 2⋅10
16-18 to cylinder, see (7.9)
corners rounded
5 6
Octadecagon 2⋅10 ≤ Re < 1,2⋅10 0,70
(a)
Reynolds number with v = vm and vm given in 4.3, Re, is defined in 7.9
(b)
r = corner radius, b = diameter of circumscribed circumference, see Figure 7.26
(c)
From wind tunnel tests on sectional models with galvanised steel surface and a section with b =
0,3 m and corner radius of 0,06 ⋅b
“.
Page 68, paragraph (2), replace the paragraph with the following text:
“(2) For buildings where h/d > 5, cf may be determined from Expression (7.13).
UNI EN 1991-1-4:2010
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EN 1991-1-4:2005/AC:2010 (E)
NOTE See also Table 7.11 and Figure 7.26.”.
Page 76, paragraph (1), NOTE 1, replace “Figure 7.33 to 7.35 are based” with “Figure 7.35 is
based”.
Page 76, paragraph (1),replace NOTE 2:
“NOTE 2 The National Annex may give a reduction factor for scaffolding without air tightness
devices and affected by solid building obstruction. A recommended value is given in
prEN 12811.”
with:
“NOTE 2 The National Annex may give a reduction factor for scaffolding without air tightness
devices and affected by solid building obstruction. A recommended value is given in EN 12811.”.

Page 79, paragraph (2), Table 7.15, last row, replace:
“ is the air density (see 7.1)”
with:
“ is the air density (see 4.5 (1) NOTE 2)”.

Page 84, paragraph (3), replace the NOTE:
“NOTE The notation used for bridges differs from that defined in 1.7. The following notations are
used for bridges:
L length in y-direction
b width in x-direction
d depth in z-direction
In Figure 8.2 the values to be given to L ,b and d in various cases are, where relevant, more
precisely defined in further clauses. When Sections 5 to 7 are referred to, the notations for b and
d need to be readjusted.”
with:
“NOTE The notation used for bridges differs from that in 1.7. The following notations (see Figure
8.2) are used for bridges:
L length in y-direction
b width in x-direction
d depth in z-direction
The values to be given to L, b and d in various cases are, where relevant, more precisely defined
in various clauses. When Sections 5 to 7 are referred to, the notations for b and d need to be
readjusted.”.
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12) Modifications to 8.3.1

Page 85, paragraph (1), end of NOTE 2, add “, where some typical cases for determining
Aref,x (as defined in 8.3.1(4)) and dtot are shown.”.
Page 86, paragraph (1), Figure 8.3, replace the notes within the figure:
“a) construction phase or open parapets (more than 50% open)
b) With parapets or noise barrier or traffic”
with:
“a) Construction phase, open parapets (more than 50% open) and open safety barriers
b) Solid parapets, noise barrier, solid safety barriers or traffic”
thus:
"
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".
UNI EN 1991-1-4:2010
EN 1991-1-4:2005/AC:2010 (E)
Page 86, paragraph (1), NOTE 4, replace “Where two generally similar decks are at the same
level and separated transversally by a gap not exceeding significantly 1 m” with “Where two
generally similar decks are at the same level and separated transversely by a gap not
significantly exceeding 1 m”.
Page 87, top of page, paragraph preceding paragraph (4), replace the following paragraph:
“(2) Where a bridge deck is sloped transversely, cfx,0 should be increased by 3% per degree
of inclination, but not more than 25 %.”
with the following one:
“(3) Where a bridge deck is sloped transversely, cfx,0 should be increased by 3% per degree
of inclination, but not more than 25 %.”.
Page 87, paragraph (4), replace:
“Reference areas Aref,x for load combinations without traffic load should be defined as :”
with:
“Reference areas Aref,x for load combinations without traffic load should be based on the
relevant value of dtot as defined in Figure 8.5 and Table 8.1:”.
Page 87, paragraph (4), entry (a), delete “(see Figure 8.5 and Table 8.1)”.
Page 88, paragraph (4), replace the title:
“Table 8.1 — Depth to be used for Aref,x”
with:
“Table 8.1 — Depth dtot to be used for Aref,x”.

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Page 88, paragraph (7), replace:
“Wind pressure effects of passing vehicles are outside the scope of this Part. Wind effects
induced by passing trains see EN 1991-2.”
with:
“Wind pressure effects from passing vehicles are outside the scope of this Part. For wind
effects induced by passing trains see EN 1991-2.”.

Page 91, end of paragraph (1), add the following NOTE 2:
“NOTE 2 The National Annex may give procedures for the treatment of asymmetric loading. The
recommended procedure is to completely remove the design wind load from those parts of the structure
where its action will produce a beneficial effect (see 7.1.2 (1)).”.
14) Modification to A.3
z X
Page 99, paragraph (5), list entry b), replace “when: > 3,5” with “when: > 3,5”.
Ld Le
UNI EN 1991-1-4:2010
EN 1991-1-4:2005/AC:2010 (E)
15) Modification to A.5

Page 101, at the end of paragraph (1), add the sentence “These rules are direction
dependent, the values of have and x should be established for each 30° sector as described in
4.3.2.”.
16) Modification to C.4

Page 109, replace paragraph (1):
“(1) The maximum along-wind displacement is the static displacement determined from the
equivalent static wind force defined in 5.2.”
with:
“(1) The maximum along-wind displacement is the static displacement determined from the
equivalent static wind force defined in 5.3.”.
17) Modification to Annex D

Pages 111 and 112, Figure D.1 and Figure D.2, within both figures, under "based on", replace
“s = 0” with "a = 0”.
18) Modification to E.1.3.1

Page 115, paragraph (1), 2nd line, replace "equals a natural frequency of the structure or a
structural element" with “equals the natural frequency (mode i) of the structure or the
structural”.
19) Modifications to E.1.5.2.2

Page 121, definitions in Table E.3, last row, replace the following definition:
“vcrit,i is the critical wind velocity (see Expression (E.1))”
with:
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“vcrit,i is the critical wind velocity (see E.1.3.1)”.
Page 121, definitions in Table E.3, last row, last line, replace the following definition:
“vm,Lj is the mean wind velocity (see 4.2) in the centre of the effective correlation length as
defined in Figure E.3”
with:
“vm,Lj is the mean wind velocity (see 4.3.1) in the centre of the effective correlation length as
defined in Figure E.3”.
20) Modification to E.1.5.2.4

Page 124, paragraph (2), Table E.5, last row, replace NOTE 1:
“NOTE 1 The mode shape, i,y(s), is taken from F.3. The parameters n and m are defined in
Expression (E.7) and in Figure E.3”
with:
UNI EN 1991-1-4:2010
EN 1991-1-4:2005/AC:2010 (E)
“NOTE 1 The mode shape, i,y(s), is taken from F.3. The parameters n and m are defined in
Expression (E.8) and in Figure E.3”.
21) Modification to E.1.5.2.7

Page 126, replace the last sentence of paragraph (2) before the final NOTE:
“For coupled cylinders with a/d > 3,0 specialist advice is recommended.”
with:
‘‘For coupled cylinders with a/b > 3,0 specialist advice is recommended.”.
22) Modifications to E.1.5.3

Page 127, paragraph (2), list of definitions, replace the following definition:
“St is the Strouhal number given in E.1.6.2”
with:
“St is the Strouhal number given in Table E.1”.
Page 127, paragraph (2), list of definitions, add the following definition between the definitions
of "aL" and "St":
“Sc is the Scruton number given in E.1.3.3”.
Page 128, paragraph (5), Table E.6, NOTE, delete ", respectively" at the end of the sentence.
Page 128, paragraph (6), replace equation (E.17):

1,2
" kp = 2 ⋅ 1 + (E.17)"
tan 0,75 ⋅ Sc

( 4 ⋅ π ⋅ K a )

with the following expression:
Sc
4

" kp = 2 ⋅ 1 + 1,2 ⋅ arc tan 0,75 ⋅

(E.17)".

4 ⋅π ⋅ Ka

23) Modification to E.4.2

Page 134, paragraph (1), list, replace the second bullet point:
"— The torsional axis is parallel to the plane of the plate and normal to the wind direction,
and the centre of torsion is at least d/4 downwind of the windward edge of the plate,
where b is the inwind depth of the plate measured normal to the torsional axis. This
includes the common cases of torsional centre at geometrical centre, i.e. centrally
supported signboard or canopy, and torsional centre at downwind edge, i.e. cantilevered
canopy."
--```,,,`,```,`,`,````,,,`,`,```-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
with:
UNI EN 1991-1-4:2010
EN 1991-1-4:2005/AC:2010 (E)
"— The torsional axis is parallel to the plane of the plate and normal to the wind direction,
and the centre of torsion is at least d/4 downwind of the windward edge of the plate,
where d is the inwind depth of the plate measured normal to the torsional axis. This
includes the common cases of torsional centre at geometrical centre, i.e. centrally
supported signboard or canopy, and torsional centre at downwind edge, i.e. cantilevered
canopy.".
24) Modification to E.4.3

Page 135, end of paragraph (3), below the final figure, add the figure number and title that
follow:
“Figure E.6 — Rate of change of aerodynamic moment coefficient, dcM/d, with respect
to geometric centre “GC” for rectangular section”.
25) Modifications to F.2
Page 138, paragraph (5), list entry b), replace "L > L1" with "L ≥ L1".
Page 138, paragraph (5), list entry c), replace "L > L1 > L2" with "L ≥ L1 ≥ L2".
Page 139, paragraph (7), Expression (F.10), in the denominator of the expression, replace
2
"K2" with "K ".
26) Modification to F.5

Page 145, paragraph (5), Table F.2, replace “NOTE 1” with “NOTE”; then delete NOTE 2 as
follows:
“NOTE 2 For cable supported bridges the values given in Table F.2 need to be factored by 0,75”.
27) Modifications to Bibliography

Page 146, replace the second reference:
“ISO 3898 General principles on reliability for structures”
with:
“ISO 3898 Bases for design of structures — Notations — General symbols”.
End of the Bibliography, add the two following references:
“EN 12811-1 Temporary works equipment – Part 1: Scaffolds – Performance requirements

and general design”
and:
“ISO 12494 Atmospheric icing of structures”.
10
--```,,,`,```,`,`,````,,,`,`,```-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
UNI EN 1991-1-4:2010
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 1991-1-4
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM April 2005
ICS 91.010.30 Supersedes ENV 1991-2-4:1995
English version
Eurocode 1: Actions on structures - Part 1-4: General actions -

Wind actions
Eurocode 1: - Actions sur les structures - Partie 1-4: Eurocode 1: Einwirkungen auf Tragwerke - Teil 1-4:
Actions générales - Actions du vent Allgemeine Einwirkungen - Windlasten
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 June 2004.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
--```,,,`,```,`,`,````,,,`,`,```-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 1991-1-4:2005: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
UNI EN 1991-1-4:2010


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$
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UNI EN 1991-1-4:2010

#Y#
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"
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UNI EN 1991-1-4:2010

U+X
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UNI EN 1991-1-4:2010

%LEOLRJUDSK\

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UNI EN 1991-1-4:2010
--```,,,`,```,`,`,````,,,`,`,```-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

--```,,,`,```,`,`,````,,,`,`,```-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
UNI
Ente Nazionale Italiano Riproduzione vietata - Legge 22 aprile 1941 Nº 633 e successivi aggiornamenti.
di Unificazione
Via Sannio, 2
20137 Milano, Italia


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Eurocodice 1

NORMA Azioni sulle strutture UNI EN 1991-1-4

La norma fornisce una guida per la determinazione delle azioni del

La presente norma è la versione ufficiale in lingua inglese della

La presente norma sostituisce la UNI EN 1991-1-4:2005.

La presente norma è stata elaborata sotto la competenza della

La presente norma è stata ratificata dal Presidente dell’UNI ed è

UNI EN 1991-1-4:2010 © UNI Pagina II

Eurocode 1: Actions on structures - Part 1-4: General actions -

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels

National annex for EN 1991-1-4 - add the following:

7.2.3 Flat roofs

Delete 7.2.3(2) and replace with:

“7.2.3(2) The roof should be divided in zones.

Delete 7.2.3(4) and (5) and replace with:

“7.2.3(4) Pressure coefficients should be defined for each zone.

NOTE 1 The pressure coefficients may be set by the National Annex.

Table 7.2 – Delete title and replace with the following:

“Recommended values of external pressure coefficients for flat roofs.”

In NOTE 3 delete “shall” and replace with “should”.

Add the following new NOTE 6:

7.2.4(3) Pressure coefficients should be defined for each zone.

Tables 7.3a & 7.3b, change titles of both tables to:

“Recommended values of external pressure coefficients for monopitch roofs”

7.2.5(3) Pressure coefficients should be defined for each zone.

Table 7.4a , change title of table to:

“Recommended values of external pressure coefficients for duopitch roofs”

Table 7.4b change title of table to:

“Recommended values of external pressure coefficients for duopitch roofs”

UNI EN 1991-1-4:2010 --```,,,`,```,`,`,````,,,`,`,```-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

Copyright Ente Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione

7.2.6(3) Pressure coefficients should be defined for each zone.

Table 7.5 , change title of table to:

“Recommended values of external pressure coefficients for hipped roofs of buildings”

7.2.7 Multispan roofs

Add new clause (4) at the end:

0,05 · qp,ze · AShed

where AShed is the base area of each multispan roof.”

7.9.2 Force coefficients - delete 7.9.2(2) and replace with:

“2,5 < a/b < 3,5”

Add the following NOTE to the Table:

UNI EN 1991-1-4:2010 --```,,,`,```,`,`,````,,,`,`,```-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

Copyright Ente Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione

Eurocode 1: Actions on structures - Part 1-4: General actions - Wind

Eurocode 1 : Actions sur les structures - Eurocode 1: Einwirkungen auf Tragwerke -

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels

1) Modifications to "National annex for EN 1991-1-4"

“1.1 (11) Note 1”.

“8.4.2 (1) Notes 1 and 2”

“(2) This Part is applicable to:

Pages 9 and 10, replace paragraph (11):

− wind actions on lattice towers with non-parallel chords

− wind actions on guyed masts and guyed chimneys

− torsional vibrations, e.g. tall buildings with a central core

− bridge deck vibrations from transverse wind turbulence

− cable supported bridges

− vibrations where more than the fundamental mode needs to be considered

NOTE 3 For wind actions on lighting columns, see EN 40.”

• torsional vibrations, e.g. tall buildings with a central core

• bridge deck vibrations from transverse wind turbulence

• wind actions on cable supported bridges

& X ++ $ {

++$\\ +$*}##`

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