Hysys Dynamic

HYSYS Dynamics

) (Initial State ) (Final State

.
)
( .

Revamping OTS.


.

HYSYS Dynamics
-
:
.
.
.

.
) (On-Site
% .


.
Trade-off
.

HYSYS Dynamics
-

) (Unplanned down time
.


.


.

.

HYSYS Dynamics
-

.


Surge

Bottlenecks
Pinch .

.


.

HYSYS Plant
.

 Distributed

PDE

)Lump (

) (
ODE

plug

 ) (
) (

 `PFR

 CSTR
) (

) (
) (


: N N+1

IEM

INTEGRATOR


) (


) (
5 15
15 30

Event scheduler shutdown





:
1. Instrument Engineers' Handbook, by B. G.
Liptak, ehilto, Radnor, PA, 1970
2. Measurement Fundamentals, by Moore, ISA
Publication, Res. Triangle park, NC, 1989


.


) (
.
:
1 )( :
.
2 )( : ) (
.
3 )( :
.
4 ) ( :

) ) (Centralized Control .
) (workstation ) Distributed Control System
(DCS( .
) ( : DCS )(IT
) (Bus )
( . ) (Address Bus
) (Data Bus ) (Field Bus
. (Process
)Bus

. )(online

)( .

.


.

.

. 20 200
. .
) (
.
) (
.
) (Vortex Shedding

.

)( .

.



. )
(
.
1300-0 F . .
) (Filled Bulb
. .
Resistant Thermometer Diode ) .
(RTD
.
.
) ( !




(Bellows) .
(Bourden Tube

) (
.

:
1 .
2 ) (
3

) (Transmitters
) (

.

.
.
)(Transducer
.
.

:
: 1-0 5 ,10 ,10-0 ,
: 20-4 mA
: 15-3

1 .
100 1000 4 20
.

 ) (


.





. ) (seat
) (stem ) (plug
) 4 .(5
.


.
(action) )
( (size).
) (characteristics


) (

.

.


.
.

)( .
4 5

.
) (
. ) (Air-to-close, AC

) (

(Air-to-open, AO) .
) ( AO
) (
AC .

:
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6
-7 -
-8



-
. Separator Tray sections
- .
Pumps ,Exchangers Heat,Valves -
.

:
-1 )(Linear, Quick Opening or equal percentage
-2
-3
-4
HYSYS Plant Cv 100%
-.



Separator
Separator .
.
Separator .

Heat Exchanger
.


-
.
-:
-1 )(Material Stream
-2 )(Material Stream
-3
-4
-5
-6

Conductance

 Flow-Pressure

.

Pressure-
Solver .
.
:
-1 ) (
- .
-2 .
-3 .

 Flow-Pressure

-
) ( - .
:
Heaters/Coolers with multiple zones
Heat Exchanger-shell side/tube side
)Columns with multiple stages (trays


(
(
(

Splitter Component
Flow Pressure .
)( )
( .

. Hysys

.

)
.(.
.
" "
.
.

.


.

. State-Staedy


.
Mixers Equal Pressure
.

HYSYS Dynamics Assistant

HYSYS HYSYS Dynamics Assistant

.
) (Specification
.

.

.
-:
dv/dt=0
) (
.
Product 1

Fixed
Volume

Product 2

Feed 1


)(
: )(
dp/dt=fn(V,F,T)
volume Fixed=V
F=Change in Flow (Hold Up)
T= Temperature (Change in Enthalpy)

: -
(Volume Change due to Pressure Change)+(Volume Change due to
Flow Change)+(Volume change due to Temperature
change)=0
Product 1

Feed 1

Fixed
Volume

Product 2


:

50% .

Product 1

Fixed
Volume

Feed 1

Product 2

:
-1

Vapor Flow In-Vapor Flow Out=Accumulation

.
-2
.


:

50% .

Product 1

Fixed
Volume

Feed 1

Product 2

Flow in to Separator=Flow Out of Separator, No Accumulation

) (Hold-up )(
.

)Liquid Flow in Liquid Flow Out=Accumulation (Hold Up

)(Hold-up .


HYSYS
. .

:
-1 .
-2 .
- .

. .
- -.


.
) (
.





- HYSYS
. HYSYS
) (Flowsheet
-.
f3

P1

P1
f2
f1

f4

f5
P1

P1

P1

)P1,P2,P3 etc. represent Pressure Nodes (Vessels with hold-up

F1,f2,f3 etc. represent streams with flowrates


HYSYS
-:
Pressure/flow relationships
Energy relationships
Compositional relationships
.
- Step Size
Composition Step Size.

Rate of Accumulation = Input-Output+Internal Generation

) (Level :
dV
dH
=A
= Fi F o
dt
dt

:
Fi

:
V=the liquid volume in the tank
H=the liquid height in the tank
A=the cross-sectional area of the tank, assumed constant
Fi=the inlet flowrate
H
Fo=the exit flowrate
Fo


Fo .
1
.
.
) R ( .
- :

dV
dH
=A
= Fi Fo
dt
dt

H
= Fo
R
Fi

H
Fo

dH
H
= Fi
dt
R

dH
RA
+ H = RF i
dt
dy

) + y(t ) = Ku (t
dt

dy
+ y(t ) = Ku (t )
dt

Process Variable

63% of PV

PV

Fi

H
Fo

dy
) + y(t ) = Ku (t
dt
) y(t
=K
) u (t

= Steady State gain

.
,% .
Process Variable

PV

63% of PV

 -

.
- .
-
- .

Process Variable
63% of PV

PV



PID Manipulate
. PID
- .
On/Off - . Cascade
. Implement Spreadsheet.
HYSYS.Plant -
. )Hysteresis (lag
. - Instantaneous Linear
First order . Leads Lags Dead time
- -
Transfer function .



- HYSYS
:

.
Manipulte . - .
- .



-
. .

.
CONTROLLER

OUTPUT

INPUT

PROCESS
Control Valve

OPEN LOOP CONTROL



.

Actions .
.

CONTROLLER

Disturbance

OUTPUT

INPUT

PROCESS
Control Valve

CLOSED LOOP CONTROL


.
:
-1- .PV
-2 - .
) (Direct Action ).(Reverse Action
-3 .
-4 -.
-5 - . PID -:
) dE (t
dt

E (t ) + K P Td

Kp
Ti

OP (t ) = K P E (t ) +

OP(t): Controller Output at time t

E(t): Error at time t
KP: Proportional gain of the controller
Ti: Integral (reset) time of the controller
Td: Derivative (rate) time of the controller

Disturbance

Process

OP%

E(t)

U(t)

SP

Controller

Final Control Element

FEEDBACK CONTROL

Process

+
PV

 ) (Direct-Acting )(Reverse-Acting

- .
- .
. -
Action .

) E (t ) = SP (t ) PV (t
:
SP(t): set point
PV(t): measured output process variable
PV OP -.
PV -.

 ) (Direct-Acting )(Reverse-Acting
:

) E (t ) = PV (t ) SP (t
- PV SP OP
- . PV SP OP -.
) (Reverse-Acting - .

-.

. -
.
) (Disturbance :
-1 .
-2 .
-3 .

)Y(t

t, time
Stability Response Cases


-
.
.
Self-Regulating - .
Non-Self-Regulating .

Non-Self-Regulating -
-.


-
- .
- .
) (Kp- .
) (Kp .
.
- :

Tuning parameters
Non-linearity in the process
Range and non-linearity in the instruments
Interactions between control loops
Frequency of disturbance
Capacity of process
Noise in measurement of process variables

 PR :

 :

HOLDUP

QUICK SIZING

 : STRIP CHART

 SRK

 K -) (

 OFFSET

 AUTOTUNER

 :3

ANTI SURGE
)NNF(NORMALLY NO FLOW


HOLDUP

QUICK SIZING

ANTI SURGE

FLASHING

 PV RANGE SP

PV RANGE SP

STRIP CHART

weeping :
flooding
:downcomer

:
:LC
:FC
:TC
:PC

 PI )
(
PID )
() OP
(

 PI )

(

:TOTAL MANUALLY
:PARTIAL


Acid Gas Sweetening with DEA

A waters-aturated natural gas stream is fed to an amine contactor.

For this example, Diethanolamine (DEA) at a strength of 28 wt% in
water is used as the absorbing medium. The contactor consists of
20 real stages. The rich amine is flashed from the contactor
pressure of 1000 psia to 90 psia to release most of the absorbed
hydrocarbon gas before it enters the lean/rich amine exchanger. In
the lean/rich exchanger, the rich amine is heated to a regenerator
feed temperature of 200F. The regenerator also consists of 20 real
stages. Acid gas is rejected from the regenerator at 120F, while the
lean amine is produced at approximately 255F. The lean amine is
cooled and recycled back to the contactor.

Questions:
1-what is rich DEA?
2-what is role of heat exchanger before regenerating
column?
3-How much is duty of regenerator column reboiler if we
use MEA instead if DEA?
4-what is warning for Make-up stream?
5-calculate the AMINE loading factor.( defined as
moles of the particular
acid gas divided by moles of the circulating amine(DEA))

SBM
component list : C1 through C7 as well as
N2, CO2, H2S, H2O and DEA.
property package: Amines.
Thermodynamic mode:Li-Mather/NonIdeal l.

Important: DEA to Cont uses Mass fractions; Sour Gas uses Mole fractions.

Seperator

Heat Exchanger

the component efficiencies will be fixed at 0.80 for H2S and 0.15 for CO2
Specify a Damping Factor of 0.40 (Parameters tab, Solver page) to provide
a faster, more stable convergence.

Estimate:

Mixer

Cooler

Pump

Set

PROJECT 1

DEAD TIME & CAPACITANCE

CASCADE CONTROL

FEED FORWARD
CONTROL

PROJECT 2

FP:PR

DYNAMIC DISTILLATIONDEBUTANIZER COLUMN

PLANTWIDE CONTROL