Amaldi Idee 92701 Vol2

Sommario
1 PROGRAMMAZIONE 1
■■ Programmazione per competenze – Volume 2 2
■■ Programmazione per nuclei fondamentali – Volume 2 22
■■ Programmazione per l’Agenda 2030 – Volume 2 24
■■ Quadro di riferimento per la seconda prova d’esame di fisica – Volumi 1, 2 e 3 26
2 LEZIONI 31
■■ Lezione segmentata 32
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■■ Traccia di lezione segmentata 34
■■ Esempio di lezione in PowerPoint sulla carica elettrica e la legge di Coulomb 37
4
ESERCITAZIONI
■■ Esercitazioni per capitolo
EL 45
46
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PROVE DI VERIFICA 113
■■ Prove per capitolo 114
5 SOLUZIONI 275
■■ Svolgimenti di tutti gli esercizi del Volume 2:
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□ 1 2. Le onde e il suono276
□ 1 3. La natura della luce323
□ Verso l’esame 359
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□ 1 4. La carica elettrica e la legge di Coulomb370

□ 1 5. Il campo elettrico407
□ 1 6. Il potenziale elettrico449
□ 1 7. I conduttori carichi480
□ 1 8. I circuiti elettrici532
□ 1 9. La conduzione elettrica nella materia575
□ 2 0. Fenomeni magnetici fondamentali597
□ 2 1. Il magnetismo nel vuoto e nella materia640
II Idee per insegnare la fisica con Amaldi,

IL NUOVO AMALDI PER I LICEI SCIENTIFICI.BLU © Zanichelli 2021
Copia riservata all'insegnante Luca Sassone - 5124530
1
PROGRAMMAZIONE
Programmazione
.
In questa sezione proponiamo, per il Volume 2 del corso Il nuovo Amaldi per i licei scientifici.blu:
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▶ una programmazione per competenze;
▶ una programmazione per nuclei fondamentali;
▶ una programmazione per l’Agenda 2030;
▶ il quadro di riferimento per la seconda prova d’esame di fisica.
EL
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■ La programmazione per competenze è presentata sotto forma di tabella e dà una visione immediata
degli strumenti didattici a disposizione per ogni capitolo del libro:
□ le competenze richieste dalle Indicazioni nazionali, con i relativi traguardi formativi e indicatori;
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□ gli strumenti didattici a disposizione dell’insegnante;

□ gli strumenti per la valutazione, cioè le prove Sei pronto per la verifica? e le rubriche Verso l’esame.
■ La programmazione per nuclei fondamentali propone una selezione di argomenti ed elenca le
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risorse digitali utili per affrontarli.

■ La programmazione per l’Agenda 2030 propone quattro moduli, ognuno abbinato a un compito
di realtà La fisica dietro le decisioni, per approfondire uno degli obiettivi dell’Agenda 2030 per
lo sviluppo sostenibile. Per ogni modulo indica:
□ i contenuti di fisica necessari per affrontarlo;
□ l’obiettivo dell’Agenda 2030 prevalentemente coinvolto;
□ gli strumenti didattici e per la valutazione.
■ Il quadro di riferimento per la seconda prova d’esame di fisica mostra, per ogni Nucleo tematico
fondamentale, i relativi contenuti presenti nel libro.
Queste programmazioni sono disponibili anche online sul sito:

online.zanichelli.it/amaldiscientificiblu
in formato .doc, così ogni insegnante può modificarle per adattarle al suo percorso e alle sue scelte
didattiche.
Idee per insegnare la fisica con Amaldi,
1
PROGRAMMAZIONE PER COMPETENZE
Volume 2
Programmazione per competenze – Volume 2

.
PROGRAMMAZIONE
Competenze
Capitolo Dalle indicazioni Indicatori
Traguardi formativi
nazionali (* indicatori riferiti al livello base)
12.  Osservare e identificare  Osservare un moto ondulato-  Definire i tipi di onde osser-
Le onde fenomeni. rio e i modi in cui si propaga. vati.
e il suono  Capire l’origine del suono.  *Definire le onde periodiche
 Osservare le modalità di e le onde armoniche.
propagazione dell’onda  *Definire le grandezze carat-
sonora. teristiche del suono.
 Fare esperienza e rendere  Analizzare le grandezze  *Rappresentare graficamente
ragione dei vari aspetti caratteristiche di un’onda. un’onda e definire cosa si in-
del metodo sperimentale,  Capire cosa accade quando tende per fronte d’onda e la
dove l’esperimento è in- due, o più, onde si propagano relazione tra i fronti e i raggi
teso come interrogazione contemporaneamente nello dell’onda stessa.
ragionata dei fenomeni stesso mezzo materiale.  *Definire lunghezza d’onda,
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naturali, scelta delle va-  Interpretare un esperimento periodo, frequenza e velocità
riabili significative, rac- con l’ondoscopio e osserva- di propagazione di un’onda.
colta e analisi critica dei re l’interferenza tra onde  *Ragionare sul principio di
dati e dell’affidabilità di nel piano e nello spazio. sovrapposizione e definire
un processo di misura,
costruzione e/o valida-
zione di modelli.
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 Creare piccoli esperimenti
per individuare i mezzi in
cui si propaga il suono.
 Analizzare la percezione dei
l’interferenza costruttiva e di-
struttiva su una corda.
 Definire le condizioni di in-
terferenza, costruttiva e di-
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suoni e le onde stazionarie. struttiva, nel piano e nello
 Eseguire semplici esperi- spazio.
menti sulla misura delle  Definire il livello di intensità
frequenze percepite quan- sonora e i limiti di udibilità.
do la sorgente sonora e/o il  Calcolare la frequenza dei
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ricevitore siano in quiete o battimenti.

in moto reciproco relativo.
 Analizzare il fenomeno dei
battimenti.
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 Formalizzare un proble-  Formalizzare il concetto di  *Applicare le leggi delle onde

ma di fisica e applicare onda armonica. armoniche.
gli strumenti matematici  Formalizzare il concetto di  Applicare le leggi relative
e disciplinari rilevanti onde coerenti. all’interferenza nelle diverse
per la sua risoluzione.  L’onda sonora è un’onda condizioni di fase.
longitudinale.  *Definire la velocità di pro-
 Formalizzare il concetto di pagazione di un’onda sonora.
modo normale di oscilla-  *Calcolare le frequenze perce-
zione. pite nei casi in cui la sorgente
 Formalizzare l’effetto sonora e il ricevitore siano in
Doppler. moto reciproco relativo.
 Comprendere e valutare  Riconoscere l’importanza
le scelte scientifiche e delle applicazioni dell’effetto
tecnologiche che interes- Doppler in molte situazioni
sano la società in cui vive. della vita reale.
 Formulare ipotesi espli-
cative utilizzando model-
li, analogie e leggi.
2 Idee per insegnare la fisica con Amaldi,

La riproduzione di questa pagina tramite fotocopia è autorizzata ai soli fini dell’utilizzo
nell’attività didattica degli alunni delle classi che hanno adottato il testo
Volume 2
Strumenti didattici Valutazione

La Animazioni, Sei pronto
Sintesi del Verso
PROGRAMMAZIONE
Problemi modello matematica video e per la
capitolo l’esame
per la fisica simulazioni verifica?
 Dalla potenza al Le formule Il campo Animazione A pag. 61
livello di intensità a pag. 37 elettrico di una interattiva
sonora distribuzione  Onde
a pag. 15 continua di longitudinali
 Riflessione sonora carica a e trasversali
su un corpo in pag. 158
movimento Video
.
a pag. 19 In laboratorio
 Un’onda armonica  Oscilloscopio
in funzione del e onde sonore
punto e dell’istante
di tempo Simulazioni
a pag. 23 PhET
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 L’interferenza di  Onde:
due onde armoniche introduzione
a pag. 27  Onde sulla
 La lunghezza
d’onda e la
frequenza di
un’onda stazionaria
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 Interferenza
tra onde
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a pag. 32 Formule
in 3 minuti
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nell’attività didattica degli alunni delle classi che hanno adottato il testo 3
Volume 2
Competenze
.
PROGRAMMAZIONE

Traguardi formativi
13.  Osservare e identificare  Interrogarsi sulla natura  Esporre il dualismo onda-

La natura fenomeni. della luce. corpuscolo.
della luce  Analizzare i comportamen-  Definire le grandezze radio-
ti della luce nelle diverse metriche e fotometriche.
situazioni.
 Fare esperienza e rendere  Effettuare esperimenti con  *Formulare le relazioni ma-
ragione dei vari aspetti due fenditure illuminate da tematiche per l’interferenza
del metodo sperimentale, una sorgente luminosa per costruttiva e distruttiva.
dove l’esperimento è in- analizzare il fenomeno  *Mettere in relazione la dif-
teso come interrogazione dell’interferenza. frazione delle onde con le
ragionata dei fenomeni  Analizzare l’esperimento dimensioni dell’ostacolo in-
naturali, scelta delle va- di Young. contrato.
riabili significative, rac-  Capire cosa succede quan-  Analizzare la figura di inter-
colta e analisi critica dei do la luce incontra un osta- ferenza e calcolare le posi-
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dati e dell’affidabilità di colo. zioni delle frange, chiare e
un processo di misura,  Analizzare la relazione tra scure.
costruzione e/o valida- lunghezza d’onda e colore.  Discutere la figura di diffra-
zione di modelli.
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 Analizzare lo spettro visi-
bile.
zione ottenuta con l’utilizzo
di un reticolo di diffrazione.
 *Mettere a confronto onde
sonore e onde luminose.
 Analizzare l’interferenza per
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doppia riflessione.
 Formalizzare un proble-  Discutere il principio di  Applicare il principio di
ma di fisica e applicare Huygens Huygens all'analisi dei feno-
gli strumenti matematici meni della riflessione e della
e disciplinari rilevanti rifrazione.
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per la sua risoluzione.

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Volume 2

Sintesi del Verso
capitolo l’esame
PROGRAMMAZIONE
 Calcolo di uno Le formule Video A pag. 111 A pag. 112
sfasamento a pag. 90 In laboratorio
a pag. 68  Diffrazione da
 L’irradiamento e i una fenditura
pannelli solari
a pag. 73 Simulazione
 L’esperimento di PhET
Young in acqua  Rifrazione
a pag. 79 della luce
.
 Una luce di due
colori Formule
a pag. 83 in 3 minuti
 Una figura di
diffrazione
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a pag. 88
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Volume 2
Competenze
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PROGRAMMAZIONE

Traguardi formativi
14.  Osservare e identificare  Riconoscere che alcuni  *Identificare il fenomeno

La carica fenomeni. oggetti sfregati con la lana dell’elettrizzazione.
elettrica possono attirare altri ogget-  Descrivere l’elettroscopio e
e la legge ti leggeri. definire la carica elettrica
di Coulomb  Capire come verificare la elementare.
carica elettrica di un ogget-  Discutere analogie e differen-
to. ze tra la forza elettrostatica e
 Utilizzare la bilancia a tor- quella gravitazionale.
sione per determinare le
caratteristiche della forza
elettrica.
 Fare esperienza e rendere  Creare piccoli esperimenti  *Definire e descrivere
ragione dei vari aspetti per analizzare i diversi me- l’elettrizzazione per strofinio,
del metodo sperimentale, todi di elettrizzazione. contatto e induzione.
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dove l’esperimento è in-  Studiare il modello micro-  *Definire la polarizzazione di
teso come interrogazione scopico della materia. un isolante.
ragionata dei fenomeni  Individuare le potenzialità  *Definire i corpi conduttori e
naturali, scelta delle va-
riabili significative, rac-
colta e analisi critica dei
dati e dell’affidabilità di
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offerte dalla carica per in-
duzione e dalla polarizza-
zione.
 Sperimentare l’azione re-
ciproca di due corpi punti-
quelli isolanti.
 *Riconoscere che la carica
che si deposita su oggetti
elettrizzati per contatto ha lo
stesso segno di quella
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costruzione e/o valida- formi carichi. dell'oggetto utilizzato per
zione di modelli.  Riconoscere che la forza elettrizzare.
elettrica dipende dal mezzo  *Formulare e descrivere la
nel quale avvengono i fe- legge di Coulomb.
nomeni elettrici.  *Definire la costante dielet-
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trica relativa e assoluta.

 Formalizzare un proble-  Formalizzare le caratteri-  Interrogarsi sul significato di
ma di fisica e applicare stiche della forza di “forza a distanza”.
gli strumenti matematici Coulomb.  Utilizzare le relazioni mate-
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e disciplinari rilevanti  Formalizzare il principio di matiche appropriate alla riso-

per la sua risoluzione. sovrapposizione. luzione dei problemi proposti.

Volume 2

Sintesi del Verso
capitolo l’esame
PROGRAMMAZIONE
 La carica su un Le formule Animazione A pag. 151
corpo elettrizzato a pag. 137 interattiva
a pag. 121  L’elettrizza-
 Le componenti della zione per
forza elettrica strofinio
a pag. 129
 Un sistema di tre Video
cariche In laboratorio
a pag. 131  Funzionamento
.
 La forza elettrica in di un
un mezzo materiale elettroscopio
a pag. 136
Simulazioni
PhET
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 Elettricità
statica
 Legge di
Coulomb
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in 3 minuti
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Volume 2
Competenze
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PROGRAMMAZIONE

Traguardi formativi
15  Osservare e identificare  Osservare le caratteristiche  *Definire il concetto di cam-

Il campo fenomeni. di una zona dello spazio in po elettrico.
elettrico presenza e in assenza di  Rappresentare le linee del
una carica elettrica. campo elettrico prodotto da
 Creare piccoli esperimenti una o più cariche puntiformi.
per visualizzare il campo
elettrico.
 Fare esperienza e rendere  Verificare le caratteristiche  *Calcolare il campo elettrico
ragione dei vari aspetti vettoriali del campo elettri- prodotto da una o più cariche
del metodo sperimentale, co. puntiformi.
dove l’esperimento è in-  Analizzare la relazione tra  *Definire il vettore superficie
teso come interrogazione il campo elettrico in un di una superficie piana im-
ragionata dei fenomeni punto dello spazio e la for- mersa nello spazio.
naturali, scelta delle va- za elettrica agente su una  *Definire il concetto di flusso
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riabili significative, rac- carica in quel punto. elettrico e formulare il teore-
colta e analisi critica dei  Analizzare il campo elet- ma di Gauss per
dati e dell’affidabilità di trico generato da distribu- l’elettrostatica.
un processo di misura, zioni di cariche con parti-
zione di modelli.
 Formalizzare un proble-
ma di fisica e applicare
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colari simmetrie.
 Formalizzare il principio di
sovrapposizione dei campi
 Applicare il teorema di Gauss
a diverse distribuzioni di ca-
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gli strumenti matematici elettrici. riche per ricavare
e disciplinari rilevanti l’espressione del campo elet-
per la sua risoluzione. trico prodotto.
 Applicare le relazioni appro-
priate alla risoluzione dei
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problemi proposti.
 Formulare ipotesi espli-  Individuare le analogie e le  *Mettere a confronto campo
cative utilizzando model- differenze tra campo elettri- elettrico e campo gravitazio-
li, analogie e leggi. co e campo gravitazionale. nale.
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Volume 2

Sintesi del Verso
capitolo l’esame
PROGRAMMAZIONE
 Tre cariche ai Le formule Video A pag. 197
vertici di un a pag. 178 In laboratorio
triangolo equilatero  Linee di
a pag. 157 campo
 Il campo elettrico di elettrico
due piani carichi
paralleli Simulazione
a pag. 169 PhET
 Un filo rettilineo di  Cariche e
.
carica e una carica campi elettrici
puntiforme
a pag. 131 Formule
in 3 minuti
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Volume 2
Competenze
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PROGRAMMAZIONE

Traguardi formativi
16.  Osservare e identificare  Riconoscere la forza elet-  *Definire l’energia potenziale

Il potenziale fenomeni. trica come forza conserva- elettrica.
elettrico tiva.
 Fare esperienza e rendere  Mettere in relazione la forza  Indicare l’espressione mate-
ragione dei vari aspetti di Coulomb con l’energia po- matica dell’energia potenziale
del metodo sperimentale, tenziale elettrica. e discutere la scelta del livello
dove l’esperimento è in-  Interrogarsi sulla possibili- zero.
teso come interrogazione tà di individuare una gran-  *Definire il potenziale elettrico.
ragionata dei fenomeni dezza scalare con proprietà  Indicare quali grandezze di-
naturali, scelta delle va- analoghe a quelle del cam- pendono, o non dipendono,
riabili significative, rac- po elettrico. dalla carica di prova ed evi-
colta e analisi critica dei  Individuare le grandezze denziarne la natura vettoriale
dati e dell’affidabilità di che descrivono un sistema o scalare.
un processo di misura, di cariche elettriche.  Definire la circuitazione del
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costruzione e/o valida-  Analizzare il moto sponta- campo elettrico.
zione di modelli. neo delle cariche elettriche.
 Ricavare il campo elettrico
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in un punto
dall’andamento del poten-
ziale elettrico.
 Riconoscere che la circui-
tazione del campo elettro-
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statico è sempre uguale a
zero.
 Formulare ipotesi espli-  Mettere a confronto  *Individuare correttamente i
cative utilizzando model- l’energia potenziale in mec- sistemi coinvolti nell’energia
li, analogie e leggi. canica e in elettrostatica. potenziale, meccanica ed elet-
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 Capire cosa rappresentano trostatica.

le superfici equipotenziali  Rappresentare graficamente
e la loro relazione con le le superfici equipotenziali in
linee di campo. maniera coerente con le linee
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di campo.
 Formalizzare un proble-  Formulare l’espressione  Utilizzare le relazioni mate-

ma di fisica e applicare matematica del potenziale matiche e grafiche opportune
gli strumenti matematici elettrico in un punto. per la risoluzione dei proble-
e disciplinari rilevanti mi proposti.

Volume 2

Sintesi del Verso
capitolo l’esame
PROGRAMMAZIONE
 Energia potenziale Le formule Animazioni A pag. 229
elettrica di un a pag. 216 interattive
sistema di cariche  La differenza
a pag. 203 di potenziale
 Dove si annulla il e il moto delle
potenziale cariche
a pag. 208  Le superfici
 Il modulo del equipotenziali
campo elettrico
.
a pag. 213 Formule
in 3 minuti
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Volume 2
Competenze
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PROGRAMMAZIONE

Traguardi formativi
17.  Osservare e identificare i  Esaminare la configurazio-  *Definire la densità superfi-

I conduttori fenomeni. ne assunta dalle cariche ciale di carica e illustrare il
carichi conferite a un corpo quan- valore che essa assume in
do il sistema elettrico torna funzione della curvatura della
all’equilibrio. superficie del conduttore ca-
 Esaminare il potere delle ricato.
punte.  *Definire il condensatore e la
 Esaminare un sistema co- sua capacità elettrica.
stituito da due lastre metal-
liche parallele poste a pic-
cola distanza.
 Fare esperienza e rendere  Saper mostrare, con piccoli  Dimostrare il motivo per cui
ragione dei vari aspetti esperimenti, dove si dispo- la carica netta in un condutto-
del metodo sperimentale, ne la carica in eccesso nei re in equilibrio elettrostatico
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dove l’esperimento è in- conduttori. si distribuisce tutta sulla sua
teso come interrogazione  Analizzare il campo elet- superficie.
ragionata dei fenomeni trico e il potenziale elettri-  *Definire la capacità elettrica.
naturali, scelta delle va- co all’interno e sulla super-
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ficie di un conduttore cari-
co in equilibrio.
 Discutere le convenzioni
per lo zero del potenziale.
 *Illustrare i collegamenti in
serie e in parallelo di due o
più condensatori.
 Riconoscere i condensatori
come serbatoi di energia.
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costruzione e/o valida-  Verificare la relazione tra
zione di modelli. la carica su un conduttore e
il potenziale cui esso si
porta.
 Analizzare i circuiti in cui
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siano presenti due o più

condensatori collegati tra
di loro.
 Formalizzare un proble-  Formalizzare il problema  Dimostrare il teorema di
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ma di fisica e applicare generale dell’elettrostatica. Coulomb.

gli strumenti matematici  Formalizzare l’espressione  Dimostrare che le cariche
e disciplinari rilevanti del campo elettrico genera- contenute sulle superfici di
per la sua risoluzione. to da un condensatore pia- due sfere in equilibrio elettro-
no. statico sono direttamente
proporzionali ai loro raggi.

Volume 2

Sintesi del Verso
capitolo l’esame
PROGRAMMAZIONE
 Il grafico del campo Le formule Video A pag. 273 A pag. 274
elettrico a pag. 257 In laboratorio
a pag. 263  Potere delle
 Calcolo del punte in un
potenziale finale conduttore
a pag. 238 carico
 Moto parabolico di
un protone Simulazioni
a pag. 248 PhET
.
 Una rete di  Laboratorio
condensatori condensatori:
a pag. 252 introduzione
 Il lampo del flash
a pag. 255
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Volume 2
Competenze
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PROGRAMMAZIONE

Traguardi formativi
18.  Fare esperienza e rendere  Osservare cosa comporta  *Definire l’intensità di cor-
I circuiti ragione dei vari aspetti una differenza di potenzia- rente elettrica.
elettrici del metodo sperimentale, le ai capi di un conduttore.  *Definire il generatore ideale
dove l’esperimento è in-  Individuare cosa occorre di tensione continua.
teso come interrogazione per mantenere ai capi di un  *Formalizzare le leggi di
ragionata dei fenomeni conduttore una differenza Ohm.
naturali, scelta delle va- di potenziale costante.  Definire la potenza elettrica.
riabili significative, rac-  Analizzare la relazione esi-  *Discutere l’effetto Joule
colta e analisi critica dei stente tra l’intensità di cor-  Analizzare, in un circuito
dati e dell’affidabilità di rente che attraversa un elettrico, gli effetti legati
un processo di misura, conduttore e la differenza all'inserimento di strumenti di
costruzione e/o valida- di potenziale ai suoi capi. misura.
zione di modelli.  Analizzare gli effetti del  *Definire la resistività elettrica.
passaggio di corrente su un  Descrivere il resistore variabile
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resistore. e il suo utilizzo nella costru-
 Interrogarsi su come ren- zione di un potenziometro.
dere variabile la resistenza  Discutere il bilancio energetico
di un conduttore.
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 Esaminare sperimental-
mente la variazione della
resistività al variare della
temperatura.
di un processo di carica, e di
scarica, di un condensatore.
CH
 Formalizzare un proble-  Esaminare un circuito elet-  *Calcolare la resistenza equi-
ma di fisica e applicare trico e i collegamenti in se- valente di resistori collegati
gli strumenti matematici rie e in parallelo. in serie e in parallelo.
e disciplinari rilevanti  Analizzare la forza elet-  Risolvere i circuiti determi-
per la sua risoluzione. tromotrice di un generato- nando valore e verso di tutte
NI
re, ideale e/o reale. le correnti nonché le differen-

 Formalizzare le leggi di ze di potenziale ai capi dei re-
Kirchhoff. sistori.
 Analizzare il processo di
ZA
carica e di scarica di un
condensatore.
 Comprendere e valutare  Valutare quanto sia importan-
le scelte scientifiche e te il ricorso ai circuiti elettrici
tecnologiche che interes- nella maggior parte dei dispo-
sano la società in cui vive. sitivi utilizzati nella vita so-
ciale ed economica.

Volume 2

Sintesi del Verso
capitolo l’esame
PROGRAMMAZIONE
 Un circuito ohmico Le formule Animazioni A pag. 337
a pag. 295 a pag. 318 interattive
 Un circuito con  L’intensità
resistenze in serie e della corrente
in parallelo elettrica
a pag. 299  L’effetto Joule
 Un circuito con una  La forza
resistenza variabile elettromotrice
a pag. 303
.
 Forza Video
elettromotrice e In laboratorio
resistenza interna di  Lampadine in
un generatore reale serie e in
a pag. 306 parallelo
LI
 Un circuito  La seconda
complesso legge di Ohm
a pag. 309
 Il tempo di Simulazioni
dimezzamento della
corrente
a pag. 317
EL PhET
 Legge di Ohm
 Resistenza in
un cavo
CH
elettrico
 Kit creazione
circuiti:
corrente
continua
NI
Formule
in 3 minuti
ZA

Volume 2
Competenze
.
PROGRAMMAZIONE

Traguardi formativi
19.  Osservare e identificare i  Riconoscere che il moto di  Illustrare come si muovono

La conduzione fenomeni. agitazione termica degli gli elettroni di un filo condut-
elettrica elettroni in un conduttore tore quando esso viene colle-
nella materia non produce corrente elet- gato a un generatore.
trica.  Definire la velocità di deriva
 Identificare l’effetto fotoe- degli elettroni.
lettrico e l’effetto termoio-  *Definire il lavoro di estra-
nico. zione e il potenziale di estra-
zione.
 Fare esperienza e rendere  Analizzare il comporta-  Analizzare e descrivere i su-
ragione dei vari aspetti mento di due metalli messi perconduttori e le loro carat-
del metodo sperimentale, a contatto. teristiche.
dove l’esperimento è in-  Ricorrere a un apparato  Enunciare l’effetto Volta.
teso come interrogazione sperimentale per studiare  Definire le sostanze elettroli-
LI
ragionata dei fenomeni la conduzione dei liquidi. tiche.
naturali, scelta delle va-  Osservare e discutere il  Indicare le variabili significa-
riabili significative, rac- fenomeno della dissocia- tive nel processo della disso-
zione di modelli.
EL
zione elettrolitica.
 Analizzare le cause della
ionizzazione di un gas.
 Esaminare la formazione
della scintilla.
ciazione elettrolitica.
 Formulare le due leggi di Fa-
raday per l’elettrolisi.
 Discutere il fenomeno
CH
dell’emissione luminosa.
 Formalizzare un proble-  Formalizzare il fenomeno  Esprimere la relazione mate-
ma di fisica e applicare dell’elettrolisi, analizzan- matica tra intensità di corren-
gli strumenti matematici done le reazioni chimiche. te e velocità di deriva degli
e disciplinari rilevanti  Capire se, per i gas, valga elettroni in un filo immerso in
per la sua risoluzione. la prima legge di Ohm. un campo elettrico.
NI
 Utilizzare le relazioni mate-

matiche appropriate alla riso-
luzione dei problemi proposti.
 Descrivere le celle a combu-
ZA
stibile.
 Comprendere e valutare  Esporre e motivare le ra-  Analizzare l’importanza delle
le scelte scientifiche e gioni della raccolta diffe- applicazioni degli effetti ter-
tecnologiche che interes- renziata. moionico, fotoelettrico, Volta
sano la società in cui vive.  Esaminare e discutere e Seebeck nella realtà quoti-
l’origine dei raggi catodici. diana e scientifica.
 Valutare l’utilità e l’impiego
di pile e accumulatori.
 Descrivere gli strumenti che
utilizzano tubi a raggi catodici.

Volume 2

Sintesi del Verso
capitolo l’esame
PROGRAMMAZIONE
 La deposizione Le formule Video A pag. 369
elettrolitica a pag. 359 In laboratorio
a pag. 359  Corrente
elettrica in
una cella
elettrolitica
.
LI
EL
CH
NI
ZA

Volume 2
Competenze
.
PROGRAMMAZIONE

Traguardi formativi
20.  Osservare e identificare  Riconoscere che una cala-  *Definire i poli magnetici.
Fenomeni fenomeni. mita esercita una forza su  *Esporre il concetto di campo
magnetici una seconda calamita. magnetico.
fondamentali  Riconoscere che l’ago di  *Definire il campo magnetico
una bussola ruota in dire- terrestre.
zione Sud-Nord.
 Fare esperienza e rendere  Creare piccoli esperimenti  *Analizzare le forze di inte-
ragione dei vari aspetti di attrazione, o repulsione, razione tra poli magnetici.
del metodo sperimentale, magnetica.  *Mettere a confronto campo
dove l’esperimento è in-  Visualizzare il campo ma- elettrico e campo magnetico.
teso come interrogazione gnetico con limatura di fer-  *Analizzare il campo magne-
ragionata dei fenomeni ro e con le linee di campo. tico prodotto da un filo per-
naturali, scelta delle va-  Ragionare sui legami tra corso da corrente.
riabili significative, rac- fenomeni elettrici e ma-  *Descrivere l’esperienza di
LI
colta e analisi critica dei gnetici. Faraday.
dati e dell’affidabilità di  Analizzare l’interazione tra  *Formulare la legge di
un processo di misura, due conduttori percorsi da Ampère.
zione di modelli.
EL
corrente.
 Interrogarsi sul perché un
filo percorso da corrente
generi un campo magnetico
e risenta dell’effetto di un
 *Descrivere la forza di
Lorentz.
 *Calcolare il raggio e il pe-
riodo del moto circolare di
CH
una carica che si muove per-
campo magnetico esterno. pendicolarmente a un campo
 Analizzare il moto di una magnetico uniforme.
carica all’interno di un  Interpretare l’effetto Hall.
campo magnetico e descri-  Descrivere il funzionamento
vere le applicazioni speri- dello spettrometro di massa.
NI
mentali che ne conseguono.

 Formalizzare un proble-  Interrogarsi su come possia-  *Rappresentare matematica-
ma di fisica e applicare mo definire e misurare il va- mente la forza magnetica su
gli strumenti matematici lore del campo magnetico. un filo percorso da corrente.
ZA
e disciplinari rilevanti  Studiare il campo magneti-  Utilizzare le relazioni appro-

per la sua risoluzione. co generato da un filo, una priate alla risoluzione dei sin-
spira e un solenoide. goli problemi.
 Comprendere e valutare  Comprendere le potenzialità
le scelte scientifiche e dello spettrometro di massa
tecnologiche che interes- come strumento di ricerca
sano la società in cui vive.

Volume 2

Sintesi del Verso
capitolo l’esame
PROGRAMMAZIONE
 La forza magnetica Le formule Animazioni A pag. 419
con tre correnti a pag. 399 interattive
a pag. 377  L’esperimento
 Il campo magnetico di Faraday
generato da un filo  L’intensità
rettilineo della forza di
a pag. 381 Lorentz
 La forza magnetica
su un conduttore Video
.
sospeso In laboratorio
a pag. 387  I campi
 Gli ioni in un magnetici di
campo magnetico un filo
uniforme rettilineo
LI
a pag. 391 percorso da
 Il selettore di corrente
velocità  Misura della
a pag. 396 carica
EL specifica
dell’elettrone
Formule
CH
in 3 minuti
NI
ZA

Volume 2
Competenze
.
PROGRAMMAZIONE

Traguardi formativi
21.  Osservare e identificare  Analizzare le proprietà  Distinguere le sostanze fer-

Il magnetismo fenomeni. magnetiche dei materiali. romagnetiche, paramagneti-
nel vuoto che e diamagnetiche.
e nella materia  Fare esperienza e rendere  Riconoscere che i materiali  Definire la temperatura di
ragione dei vari aspetti ferromagnetici possono es- Curie.
del metodo sperimentale, sere smagnetizzati.
dove l’esperimento è in-
teso come interrogazione
ragionata dei fenomeni
naturali, scelta delle va-
LI
zione di modelli.
 Formalizzare un proble-  Formalizzare il concetto di  Esporre e dimostrare il teo-
ma di fisica e applicare flusso del campo magneti- rema di Gauss per il magneti-
gli strumenti matematici
e disciplinari rilevanti
EL
co.
 Definire la circuitazione
del campo magnetico.
 Formalizzare il concetto di
smo.
 Esporre il teorema di Ampère
e indicarne le implicazioni (il
campo magnetico non è con-
CH
permeabilità magnetica re- servativo).
lativa.  Analizzare il ciclo di isteresi
 Formalizzare il concetto di magnetica.
momento della forza ma-  Definire la magnetizzazione
gnetica su una spira. permanente.
NI
 Formalizzare le equazioni  Descrivere il funzionamento

di Maxwell per i campi del motore elettrico e degli
statici. strumenti di misura di corren-
ti e differenze di potenziale.
ZA
 Comprendere e valutare le  Riconoscere che le sostan-  Descrivere come la magne-

scelte scientifiche e tecno- ze magnetizzate possono tizzazione residua possa esse-
logiche che interessano la conservare una magnetiz- re utilizzata nella realizzazio-
società in cui vive. zazione residua. ne di memorie magnetiche
digitali.
 Discutere l’importanza e
l’utilizzo di un elettromagne-
te.
 Valutare l’impatto del motore
elettrico in tutte le diverse si-
tuazioni della vita reale.

Volume 2

Sintesi del Verso
capitolo l’esame
PROGRAMMAZIONE
 Il flusso magnetico Le formule A pag. 458 A pag. 459
attraverso una a pag. 447
bobina
a pag. 423
 Il campo magnetico
di un toroide
a pag. 431
 La corrente con e
senza lo strumento
.
di misura
a pag. 437
 Il campo magnetico
nella materia
a pag. 441
LI
EL
CH
NI
ZA

PROGRAMMAZIONE PER nuclei FONDAMENTALI
Volume 2
Programmazione per nuclei fondamentali – Volume 2

.
PROGRAMMAZIONE
Risorse digitali
Argomento Nuclei fondamentali
(nell’eBook e su Guarda!)
Le onde  Onde armoniche e loro interferenza  Simulazione PhET: Onde:
 L’esperimento di Young introduzione
 La diffrazione  Simulazione PhET: Interferenza tra
onde
 Animazione: Onde longitudinali e
trasversali
 Video In laboratorio: Oscilloscopio
e onde sonore
 Video In laboratorio: Diffrazione da
una fenditura
Forza e campo  L’elettrizzazione dei corpi  I fondamentali in sintesi: Una lezione
elettrico  Forza di Coulomb interattiva sull’elettrostatica (sul sito
 Campo elettrico di una o più cariche del libro)
puntiformi  Animazione: L’elettrizzazione per
LI
 Il teorema di Gauss per l’elettrostatica strofinio
 Il campo elettrico di un piano infinito di  Simulazione PhET: Elettricità statica
carica  Simulazione PhET: Legge di
EL Coulomb
 Video In laboratorio: Funzionamento
di un elettroscopio
 Video In laboratorio: Linee del
campo elettrico
CH
 Formule In 3 minuti: La legge di
Coulomb; Il campo elettrico
 I fondamentali in sintesi: Una lezione
interattiva sull’elettrostatica (sul sito
del libro)
NI
L’energia elettrica e  L’energia potenziale del sistema di due  Animazione: La differenza di

il potenziale elettrico cariche puntiformi potenziale e il moto delle cariche
 Il potenziale elettrico e la differenza di  Animazione: Le superfici
potenziale equipotenziali
ZA
 Il potenziale elettrico di una carica  Simulazione PhET: Cariche e campi

puntiforme elettrici
 La circuitazione del campo elettrostatico  Formule In 3 minuti: La differenza di
potenziale elettrico
Conduttori carichi  Il campo elettrico e il potenziale elettrico  Video In laboratorio: Potere delle
sulla superficie e all’interno di un conduttore punte in un conduttore carico
carico in equilibrio elettrostatico  Simulazione PhET: Laboratorio
 La capacità di un condensatore condensatori: introduzione
 L’energia immagazzinata in un condensatore

PROGRAMMAZIONE PER nuclei FONDAMENTALI
Volume 2
Risorse digitali
Argomento Nuclei fondamentali
(nell’eBook e su Guarda!)
PROGRAMMAZIONE
I circuiti elettrici,  Le leggi di Ohm  Animazione: L’intensità della
in particolare nei  Resistori in serie e in parallelo corrente elettrica
metalli  L’effetto Joule  Animazione: L’effetto Joule
 Il lavoro di estrazione di un elettrone da un  Simulazione PhET: Legge di Ohm
metallo  Simulazione PhET: Kit creazione
circuiti: corrente continua
 Simulazione PhET: Resistenza in un
cavo elettrico
.
 Video In laboratorio: Lampadine in
serie e in parallelo
 Video In laboratorio: La seconda
legge di Ohm
 Formule In 3 minuti: Le leggi di Ohm
Fenomeni magnetici  La forza di Ampère  Animazione: L’esperimento di
LI
 Le esperienze di Oersted e di Faraday Faraday
 Definizione di campo magnetico  Animazione: L’intensità della forza di
 La forza magnetica su un filo percorso da Lorentz
Il campo magnetico
corrente
 La forza di Lorentz EL
 Il campo generato da un filo infinito
 Formule In 3 minuti: Il campo
magnetico; La forza di Ampère;
La forza magnetica di Lorentz
 Video In laboratorio: Il campo
CH
percorso da corrente e da un solenoide magnetico di un filo rettilineo
 Il teorema di Gauss per il campo magnetico percorso da corrente
 Il teorema della circuitazione di Ampère
NI
ZA

Programmazione per l’Agenda 2030
Programmazione per l’Agenda 2030 – Volume 2

.
PROGRAMMAZIONE
Contenuti del libro

Modulo
Capitolo Argomenti
La fisica dietro le decisioni 12. Le onde e il suono  lunghezza d’onda, velocità,
Quanta energia possiamo ricavare periodo e ampiezza di un’onda
dalle onde?  potenza
 potenza per unità di lunghezza
 efficienza energetica
La fisica dietro le decisioni 19. La conduzione elettrica nella  batterie in serie e in parallelo
Quanto è «verde» l’auto elettrica? materia  capacità di una batteria
 energia immagazzinata in una
batteria
LI
EL
CH
NI
ZA

Programmazione per l’Agenda 2030
Obiettivi
Agenda 2030
PROGRAMMAZIONE
7. Energia pulita e accessibile Compito di realtà Rubrica di valutazione del
a pag. 60 del libro di testo compito di realtà a pag. 319
7. Energia pulita e accessibile Compito di realtà Rubrica di valutazione del

a pag. 368 del libro di testo compito di realtà a pag. 593
.
LI
EL
CH
NI
ZA

QUADRO DI RIFERIMENTO PER LA SECONDA PROVA D’ESAME DI FISICA
Quadro di riferimento per la seconda prova di fisica dell’esame di Stato* – Volumi 1, 2 e 3

.
PROGRAMMAZIONE
Nuclei tematici
Obiettivi della prova Nel libro
fondamentali
Misura e  Rappresentare, anche graficamente, il valore  Problemi nelle sezioni Verso l’esame,
rappresentazione di una grandezza fisica e la sua incertezza per esempio problema 3 a pag. 226,
di grandezze fisiche nelle unità di misura appropriate. Volume 1
 Incertezza di Rappresentare e interpretare, tramite un  Problemi Disegna il grafico e
misura grafico, la relazione tra due grandezze fisiche. Leggi il grafico
 Rappresentazioni  Valutare l’accordo tra i valori sperimentali di  Problemi nelle sezioni Verso l’esame,
di grandezze fisiche grandezze fisiche in relazione alle incertezze di per esempio problema 4 a pag. 227,
misura al fine di descrivere correttamente il Volume 1
fenomeno osservato.  Video In laboratorio
Spazio, tempo  Determinare e discutere il moto di punti 2 I princìpi della dinamica e la relatività
e moto materiali e corpi rigidi sotto l’azione di forze. galileiana
 Grandezze 5 La quantità di moto
cinematiche 6 Il momento angolare
 Sistemi di Forze gravitazionali
riferimento e 3 Le applicazioni dei princìpi della
LI
trasformazioni dinamica
 Moto di un punto 7 La gravitazione
materiale e di un Forze elettriche
corpo rigido
 Cinematica classica
e relativistica
EL 15 Il campo elettrico
16 Il potenziale elettrico
19 La conduzione elettrica nella materia,
par. 5
CH
Forze magnetiche
20 I fenomeni magnetici fondamentali
21 Il magnetismo nel vuoto e nella
materia
Forze elettromagnetiche
22 L’induzione elettromagnetica
NI
24 Le onde elettromagnetiche
26 La relatività ristretta, par. 6
 Utilizzare il concetto di centro di massa nello 5 La quantità di moto
studio del moto di due punti materiali o di un 6 Il momento angolare, par. 4
ZA
corpo rigido.
 Utilizzare le trasformazioni di Galileo o di 2 I princìpi della dinamica, par. 3
Lorentz per esprimere i valori di grandezze 25 La relatività del tempo e dello spazio,
cinematiche e dinamiche in diversi sistemi di par. 6
riferimento. 26 La relatività ristretta, par. 5, 6 e 7
 Determinare e discutere il moto relativistico 26 La relatività ristretta, par. 6
di un punto materiale sotto l’azione di una
forza costante o di una forza di Lorentz.
 Applicare le relazioni relativistiche sulla 25 La relatività del tempo e dello spazio,
dilatazione dei tempi e contrazione delle par. 4 e 5
lunghezze e individuare in quali casi si
applica il limite non relativistico.
*Fonte: https://www.miur.gov.it/-/esami-di-stato-del-secondo-ciclo-di-istruzione-a-s-2018-2019-d-m-769-del-26-novembre-2018

Nuclei tematici
fondamentali
PROGRAMMAZIONE
Energia e materia  Determinare l’energia cinetica di un punto Forze gravitazionali ed elastiche
 Lavoro ed energia materiale in moto e l’energia potenziale di un 4 Il lavoro e l’energia
 Conservazione punto materiale sottoposto a forze. 7 La gravitazione, par. 6 e 7
dell’energia Forze elettriche
 Trasformazione 16 Il potenziale elettrico
dell’energia 19 La conduzione elettrica nella materia,
 Emissione, par. 2 e 5
assorbimento e Forze elettromagnetiche
trasporto di energia 26 La relatività ristretta, par. 5
.
 Mettere in relazione la variazione di energia Forze gravitazionali ed elastiche
cinetica, di energia potenziale e di energia 4 Il lavoro e l’energia
meccanica con il lavoro fatto dalle forze 7 La gravitazione, par. 6 e 7
agenti. Forze elettriche
17 I conduttori carichi, par. 6
LI
19 La conduzione elettrica nella materia,
par. 2
 Utilizzare la conservazione dell’energia nello 4 Il lavoro e l’energia, par. 4 e 5
EL
studio del moto di punti materiali e di corpi
rigidi e nelle trasformazioni tra lavoro e
calore.
7 La gravitazione, par. 6 e 7
10 Il calore e il primo principio della
termodinamica
11 Il secondo principio della
CH
termodinamica
26 La relatività ristretta, par. 4 e 5
29 La fisica nucleare
NI
ZA
segue

.
PROGRAMMAZIONE
Nuclei tematici
fondamentali
Onde e particelle  Determinare la densità di energia di campi 17 I conduttori carichi, par. 6
 Onde armoniche elettrici e magnetici e applicare il concetto di 22 L’induzione elettromagnetica,
sonore ed trasporto di energia da parte di un’onda par. 5
elettromagnetiche elettromagnetica. 24 Le onde elettromagnetiche, par. 5
 Fenomeni di  Applicare l’equivalenza massa-energia in 29 La fisica nucleare
interferenza situazioni concrete tratte da esempi di
 Dualismo onda- decadimenti radioattivi, reazioni di fissione o
particella di fusione nucleare.
 Interpretare lo spettro di emissione del corpo 27 La crisi della fisica classica,
nero utilizzando la legge di distribuzione di par. 1
Planck.
 Determinare le frequenze emesse per 27 La crisi della fisica classica,
transizione tra i livelli energetici dell’atomo par. 6
di Bohr.
LI
 Determinare la lunghezza d’onda, la 3 Le applicazioni dei princìpi della
frequenza, il periodo, la fase e la velocità di dinamica, par. 4 e 5
un’onda armonica e le relazioni tra queste 12 Le onde e il suono
grandezze. 13 La natura della luce
EL
 Discutere fenomeni di interferenza con
riferimento a onde armoniche sonore o
elettromagnetiche emesse da due sorgenti
12 Le onde e il suono
13 La natura della luce
CH
coerenti.
 Discutere, anche quantitativamente, il 13 La natura della luce, par. 2
dualismo onda-corpuscolo. 27 La crisi della fisica classica
 Descrivere la condizione di quantizzazione 28 La fisica quantistica, par. 1
dell’atomo di Bohr usando la relazione di
NI
De Broglie.
 Applicare l’equazione di Einstein dell’effetto 27 La crisi della fisica classica
fotoelettrico.
ZA

Nuclei tematici
fondamentali
PROGRAMMAZIONE
Forze e campi  Descrivere l’azione delle forze gravitazionali, 7 La gravitazione, par. 5
 Rappresentazione elettriche e magnetiche mediante il concetto 15 Il campo elettrico
di forze mediante il di campo. Rappresentare un campo elettrico 17 I conduttori carichi
concetto di campo o magnetico utilizzando le linee di forza. 20 I fenomeni magnetici fondamentali
 Campo 21 Il magnetismo nel vuoto e nella
gravitazionale materia
 Campo 24 Le onde elettromagnetiche
elettromagnetico  Utilizzare il teorema di Gauss per 15 Il campo elettrico
 Induzione determinare le caratteristiche di campi 17 I conduttori carichi, par. 1
.
elettromagnetica elettrici generati da distribuzioni simmetriche
di cariche e per discutere il comportamento
delle cariche elettriche nei metalli.
 Utilizzare il teorema di Ampère per 21 Il magnetismo nel vuoto e nella
determinare le caratteristiche di un campo materia, par. 2 e 3
magnetico generato da un filo percorso da
LI
corrente e da un solenoide ideale.
 Descrivere e interpretare fenomeni di 22 L’induzione elettromagnetica
induzione elettromagnetica e ricavare 23 La corrente alternata
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correnti e forze elettromotrici indotte.
 Determinare la forza agente su un filo di
lunghezza infinita percorso da corrente in
presenza di un campo magnetico, la forza tra
20 I fenomeni magnetici fondamentali
22 L’induzione elettromagnetica
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due fili di lunghezza infinita paralleli percorsi
da corrente e la forza che agisce su un ramo
di un circuito in moto in un campo magnetico
per effetto della corrente indotta.
 Determinare il momento delle forze 21 Il magnetismo nel vuoto e nella
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magnetiche agenti su una spira percorsa da materia, par. 5

corrente in presenza di un campo magnetico
uniforme.
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2
Lezioni
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LEZIONI
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.
In queste pagine suggeriamo come progettare una lezione segmentata e proponiamo
una traccia di lezione sull’elettrostatica.
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Presentiamo inoltre una lezione in PowerPoint sul capitolo La carica elettrica e la legge
di Coulomb.
Le lezioni in PowerPoint di tutti i capitoli sono disponibili in PPT e PDF sul sito:
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31
LEZIONE SEGMENTATA
La lezione segmentata è un modo di fare lezione per:

• mantenere alta l’attenzione in classe
• coinvolgere gli studenti in modo attivo
• aiutarli a controllare il loro apprendimento
.
LEZIONE SEGMENTATA
LEZIONI
Una lezione di 50 minuti divisa in 5 segmenti
5 minuti 15 minuti 15 minuti 10 minuti 5 minuti
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PRECONOSCENZE LEZIONE
Verifica delle Momenti brevi
ATTIVITÀ
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Attività operative
RESTITUZIONE
Condivisione,
CONCLUSIONE
Riflessioni
LEZIONE SEGMENTATA
preconoscenze e mirati per mettersi feedback conclusive

o brainstorming di spiegazione alla prova, da soli e chiarimenti dopo per consolidare
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per iniziare a entrare frontale o a gruppi, le attività operative. e assegnazione
nell’argomento. senza rinunciare e riconoscere dei compiti per casa.
alla complessità. eventuali difficoltà.
L’attenzione degli studenti durante una lezione frontale è discontinua: dopo i primi 15-20 minuti diminuisce pro-
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gressivamente, fino a esaurirsi verso la fine. Questo è dovuto a una predisposizione specifica all’apprendimento
per cui è difficile rimanere concentrati per la durata di un’intera lezione di 50-60 minuti.
La lezione segmentata organizza la lezione in attività variate, interrompendo il flusso di informazioni da parte
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del docente. Gli studenti sono coinvolti in modo attivo e stanno più attenti.
Gli insegnanti possono pianificare una struttura completa e organica della lezione, tenendo conto di tre fattori:
• i ritmi di attenzione
• il carico cognitivo
• i bisogni educativi dei propri studenti.
PERCHÉ PROGETTARE UNA LEZIONE SEGMENTATA?

La segmentazione della lezione in elementi più brevi permette di migliorare la memoria e l’apprendimento.
Questa tecnica, in inglese chunking, si usa per potenziare la concentrazione e favorire la memorizzazione e la
comprensione di elementi complessi, per esempio:
1. le 16 cifre delle carte di credito, divise in 4 blocchi da 4
2. la suddivisione del testo in paragrafi. Un testo senza paragrafi o interruzioni è più difficile da leggere di un
altro diviso in sottosezioni.
La lezione segmentata è strutturata in segmenti di 10-15 minuti e permette di riaccendere l’attenzione. Le atti-
vità che seguono la spiegazione consentono agli studenti di applicare subito il concetto spiegato.
Le brevi e ritmate attività di gruppo sono il cuore della lezione. L’efficacia dipende anche dal tempo dedicato
all’apprendimento attivo.
32
230 Idee Idee
per insegnare
IL NUOVO AMALDI
Il pensiero
la fisica
per insegnare con Amaldi,
la filosofia
PER I LICEI
e la meraviglia
con S. Veca, G. Picinali, D. Catalano, S. Marzocchi
© SCIENTIFICI.BLU
Zanichelli 2020 © Zanichelli 2021
La riproduzione La di
riproduzione
nell’attività
nell’attività didattica degli
di questa
questa pagina
didattica
alunni degli
pagina
tramite
dellealunni
tramiteèfotocopia
fotocopia
classi delle
che hanno
è autorizzata
autorizzata
classi che
ai soli fini ai
hannoiladottato
adottato
soli fini dell’utilizzo
dell’utilizzo
testo il testo
LEZIONE SEGMENTATA
COME PROGETTARE UNA LEZIONE SEGMENTATA

I tempi indicati sono modulabili e se si ha a disposizione più di un’ora è possibile fare più cicli di lezione,
attività e restituzione.
Esempio di una lezione da 50 minuti divisa in 5 segmenti:
5 minuti Esame delle preconoscenze
Pochi minuti per porre un paio di domande agli studenti.
Obiettivo? Far capire allo studente il suo punto di partenza rispetto all’argomento.
L’IDEA IN PIÙ: Ci sono software per il brainstorming che possono essere facilmente usati anche
in classe.
15 minuti Una lezione mirata che non rinunci alla complessità
Una spiegazione in cui si immagina di parlare agli studenti migliori.
Obiettivo? Dare un quadro d’insieme all’argomento della lezione.
15 minuti Attività con cui gli studenti possono mettersi alla prova
LEZIONE SEGMENTATA
Si assegnano attività per verificare le conoscenze appena apprese, sia individuali sia da svolge-
re in coppie o a gruppi.
Obiettivo? Creare un ambiente di lavoro dentro la classe in cui gli studenti possano fornire idee
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e supporto agli altri compagni.
LEZIONI
L’IDEA IN PIÙ: L’insegnante può coprire parte di una tabella di sintesi o di un esercizio
e chiedere agli studenti di completare le parti mancanti.
10 minuti Il docente interviene di nuovo con la restituzione EL
.
Ascolta i risultati e le conclusioni della classe, dà feedback e chiarimenti dopo le attività.
Obiettivo? Colmare le lacune e aiutare gli studenti a migliorarsi.
LEZIONE SEGMENTATA
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5 minuti Riflessioni conclusive
Il docente assegna compiti o esercizi per la lezione successiva.
Obiettivo? Consolidare gli argomenti affrontati durante la lezione.
L’IDEA IN PIÙ: Chiedere agli studenti un riscontro sulla lezione, per esempio far scrivere tre punti
che pensano di aver capito e tre su cui hanno ancora dubbi o incertezze.
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Lo schema può essere modificato a seconda delle esigenze didattiche, da quelle più tradizionali in presenza
a quelle più innovative della didattica a distanza.
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ESEMPI DI LEZIONE SEGMENTATA

Crea la tua lezione segmentata con gli strumenti digitali Zanichelli.
Per la lezione e lo studio: Per il ripasso o la verifica delle conoscenze:

• Il libro digitale su Booktab • ZTE - Zanichelli Test, zte.zanichelli.it
• Collezioni, la piattaforma di raccolta video • CreaVerifiche, creaverifiche.zanichelli.it
collezioni.scuola.zanichelli.it • Kahoot, kahoot.com o altri sistemi di quiz rapidi
• Biblioteca, per la letteratura italiana
biblioteca.scuola.zanichelli.it
• Il Museo di Itinerario nell’arte, per la storia dell’arte
https://museo.zanichelli.it
Per approfondire e trovare altri esempi, visita il sito Zanichelli:

https://su.zanichelli.it/lezione-segmentata
Idee per insegnare la filosofia con S. Veca, G. Picinali, D. Catalano, S. Marzocchi

Il pensiero e la meraviglia © Zanichelli 2020
231
33
TRACCIA DI LEZIONE SEGMENTATA
Traccia di lezione segmentata

ARGOMENTO LEZIONE: Elettrostatica
TEMPO PREVISTO: 50 minuti
Obiettivi formativi:
• saper calcolare il campo elettrico di due cariche puntiformi
• saper calcolare la forza elettrica che agisce su una carica di prova
.
LEZIONI
Strumenti necessari
• un software per videochiamate per fare lezione online
(per esempio Google Meet, Microsoft Teams, Skype, Zoom, Vidyo)
PRECONOSCENZE Che cosa serve?

• Test di quattro domande per ripassare alcuni concetti basilari:
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- il campo elettrico di una carica puntiforme
- scomposizione e somma di vettori
- il principio di sovrapposizione per il campo elettrico
5 minuti
Elettrostatica - Preconoscenze
Che cosa fa il docente?

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Il test, in formato Word o PDF, si trova nel file ZIP
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• Può scegliere di inviare il breve test da svolgere a casa prima della
lezione online per avere più tempo nella “diretta”
• oppure può farlo durante la “diretta
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Il passo in più
Il docente può inviare il test digitalmente tramite teacher desmos e
raccogliere così in diretta le risposte degli studenti
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https://teacher.desmos.com/activitybuilder/custom/5f463908cbbab94b5f
b82aec?lang=it
LEZIONE Che cosa serve?

• Una presentazione per mostrare esempi, esercizi o il proprio libro
digitale
Che cosa fa il docente?

• Dedica 10-15 minuti alla lezione diretta.
15 minuti
Con l’ausilio del libro di testo e di un esercizio che possa fungere da
modello, procede a spiegare:
- il campo elettrico di due cariche puntiformi
- la forza elettrica su una carica di prova

Il passo in più
Il docente può condurre questa fase di spiegazione usando il proprio
libro digitale e forme di lavagna virtuale.
La spiegazione può anche essere aiutata dalla visione delle Formule
In 3 minuti su Il campo elettrico.
Sono disponibili anche altri video su Collezioni, l’archivio di video

Zanichelli. Qui si trovano tutti i video di fisica:
https://collezioni.scuola.zanichelli.it/browsebytheme/section-fisica

ATTIVITÀ Che cosa serve?
• Una presentazione con questo esercizio riguardante due cariche
puntiformi poste nel vuoto.
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15 minuti
LEZIONI
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.
CH
NI
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Che cosa fa il docente? Che cosa fanno gli studenti?

• Il docente assegna l’esercizio.
• Gli studenti risolvono singolarmente l’esercizio e prendono nota di
dubbi e difficoltà.
Il passo in più
Il docente può inviare l’esercizio digitalmente tramite teacher desmos
https://teacher.desmos.com/activitybuilder/custom/5f46808322388c0d7
d6c3159?lang=it
L’esercizio, in formato Word o PDF, si trova nel file ZIP

Elettrostatica – Esercizio 1
segue

RESTITUZIONE Che cosa fa il docente?

• Il docente chiede agli studenti:
N N
1. il risultato della prima domanda, cioè -2, 7 ´103 , 3, 7 ´103 ,
C C
N
4,5 ´103 ;
10 minuti C
2. il risultato della seconda domanda, cioè 5, 4 ´10-6 N ;
3. dubbi e difficoltà emersi durante l’attività.
.
LEZIONI
Il passo in più
Gli studenti possono fornire le risposte tramite teacher desmos, nella
chat della videolezione (se possibile individualmente al docente), oppure
fotografare gli appunti e inviarli in un album personale/collaborativo in
Google Foto o in una cartella Drive collaborativa con link fornito dal
docente.
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Se gli studenti dispongono di tablet o di tavoletta grafica possono
scrivere le risoluzioni digitalmente e condividerle direttamente.
CONCLUSIONE EL
Che cosa fa il docente? Che cosa fanno gli studenti?
• A partire dalle difficoltà riscontrate dagli studenti, il docente fornisce
feedback, consigli per la corretta risoluzione dell’esercizio, e riprende
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i concetti fondamentali.
• Assegna un altro esercizio simile, in formato Word o PDF, che trova
5 minuti nel file ZIP
Elettrostatica – Esercizio 2
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La soluzione è Q = 7, 6 ´10-8 C; la forza ha modulo 3, 4 ´10-4 N ,

stessa direzione e verso opposto al campo elettrico.
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ESEMPIO DI LEZIONE IN POWERPOINT SULLA CARICA ELETTRICA E LA LEGGE DI COULOMB
Esempio di lezione in PowerPoint sulla carica elettrica

e la legge di Coulomb
ESEMPIO DI LEZIONE IN POWERPOINT

SULLA CARICA ELETTRICA
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LEZIONI
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.
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.
LEZIONI
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3
Esercitazioni
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In queste pagine proponiamo esercizi di rinforzo e di potenziamento per tutti i capitoli
del Volume 2.
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▶ Gli esercizi di rinforzo sono nella sezione I concetti fondamentali.
▶ Gli esercizi di potenziamento e approfondimento sono nella sezione Piccole sfide.
ESERCITAZIONI
Tutti gli esercizi di rinforzo e potenziamento del libro e i loro svolgimenti sono disponibili
anche online per gli insegnanti, in formato .doc modificabile, sul sito:
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45
CAPITOLO 12
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La natura della luce
Capitolo 13. La natura della luce

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CAPITOLO 14
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segue
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CAPITOLO 14
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CAPITOLO 14
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segue
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CAPITOLO 14
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CAPITOLO 14

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SOLUZIONI
segue
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CAPITOLO 14
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CAPITOLO 14
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CAPITOLO 14
66 /HWUHFRSSLHGLIRU]HKDQQRPRGXOL
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67
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SOLUZIONI
segue
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CAPITOLO 14

u 1 P & u & u & P

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CAPITOLO 14
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72 /DIRU]DGL&RXORPEq
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CAPITOLO 14
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CAPITOLO 14
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CAPITOLO 14

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SOLUZIONI
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CAPITOLO 14
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TEST
f Il campo elettrico di una carica puntiforme e di un sistema di cariche

1 $
2 $
3 %H&
4 &

CAPITOLO 15
Il campo elettrico
5 &
6 %H&
7 $
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f Il flusso del campo elettrico e il teorema di Gauss

10 &
11 '
12 $H'
f Il campo elettrico di un piano infinito di carica e di un filo rettilineo infinito di

carica
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13 &
14 &
15 $
16 &
f Il campo elettrico di una distribuzione sferica di carica

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17 %
18 $
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f 1. Il vettore campo elettrico

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SOLUZIONI
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CAPITOLO 15
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CAPITOLO 15
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CAPITOLO 15
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CAPITOLO 15
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SOLUZIONI
segue
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CAPITOLO 15
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CAPITOLO 15
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segue
.

CAPITOLO 15
Il campo elettrico
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SOLUZIONI

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CAPITOLO 15
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f 3. Il flusso di un campo vettoriale

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SOLUZIONI
.

CAPITOLO 15
Il campo elettrico

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Amaldi Idee 92701 Vol2

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Sommario

□ 1 4. La carica elettrica e la legge di Coulomb370

II Idee per insegnare la fisica con Amaldi,

□ gli strumenti didattici a disposizione dell’insegnante;

risorse digitali utili per affrontarli.

Queste programmazioni sono disponibili anche online sul sito:

Programmazione per competenze – Volume 2

ricevitore siano in quiete o battimenti.

 Formalizzare un proble-  Formalizzare il concetto di  *Applicare le leggi delle onde

2 Idee per insegnare la fisica con Amaldi,

Strumenti didattici Valutazione

Idee per insegnare la fisica con Amaldi,

Capitolo Dalle indicazioni Indicatori

13.  Osservare e identificare  Interrogarsi sulla natura  Esporre il dualismo onda-

per la sua risoluzione.

4 Idee per insegnare la fisica con Amaldi,

Strumenti didattici Valutazione

Idee per insegnare la fisica con Amaldi,

Capitolo Dalle indicazioni Indicatori

14.  Osservare e identificare  Riconoscere che alcuni  *Identificare il fenomeno

trica relativa e assoluta.

e disciplinari rilevanti  Formalizzare il principio di matiche appropriate alla riso-

6 Idee per insegnare la fisica con Amaldi,

Strumenti didattici Valutazione

Idee per insegnare la fisica con Amaldi,

Capitolo Dalle indicazioni Indicatori

15  Osservare e identificare  Osservare le caratteristiche  *Definire il concetto di cam-

8 Idee per insegnare la fisica con Amaldi,

Strumenti didattici Valutazione

Idee per insegnare la fisica con Amaldi,

Capitolo Dalle indicazioni Indicatori

16.  Osservare e identificare  Riconoscere la forza elet-  *Definire l’energia potenziale

 Capire cosa rappresentano trostatica.

 Formalizzare un proble-  Formulare l’espressione  Utilizzare le relazioni mate-

10 Idee per insegnare la fisica con Amaldi,

Strumenti didattici Valutazione

Idee per insegnare la fisica con Amaldi,

Capitolo Dalle indicazioni Indicatori

17.  Osservare e identificare i  Esaminare la configurazio-  *Definire la densità superfi-

siano presenti due o più

ma di fisica e applicare generale dell’elettrostatica. Coulomb.

12 Idee per insegnare la fisica con Amaldi,

Strumenti didattici Valutazione

Idee per insegnare la fisica con Amaldi,

Capitolo Dalle indicazioni Indicatori

re, ideale e/o reale. le correnti nonché le differen-

14 Idee per insegnare la fisica con Amaldi,

Strumenti didattici Valutazione

Idee per insegnare la fisica con Amaldi,

Capitolo Dalle indicazioni Indicatori

19.  Osservare e identificare i  Riconoscere che il moto di  Illustrare come si muovono

 Utilizzare le relazioni mate-

16 Idee per insegnare la fisica con Amaldi,

Strumenti didattici Valutazione

Idee per insegnare la fisica con Amaldi,

Capitolo Dalle indicazioni Indicatori

mentali che ne conseguono.

e disciplinari rilevanti  Studiare il campo magneti-  Utilizzare le relazioni appro-

18 Idee per insegnare la fisica con Amaldi,

Strumenti didattici Valutazione

Idee per insegnare la fisica con Amaldi,

Capitolo Dalle indicazioni Indicatori

21.  Osservare e identificare  Analizzare le proprietà  Distinguere le sostanze fer-

 Formalizzare le equazioni  Descrivere il funzionamento

□ 1 4. La carica elettrica e la legge di Coulomb370

□ gli strumenti didattici a disposizione dell’insegnante;

10 /¶LQWHQVLWj VRQRUD I GHOO¶RQGD q I E A't GRYH E q O¶««««««««««« FKH DWWUDYHUVD