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La bellissima fanciulla
sta lassù, mostra il tesoro
dei suoi splendidi gioielli,
liscia i suoi capelli d'oro.
Lorelei in 1900
Lorelei
The Lorelei (also spelled Loreley) is a rock on the eastern bank of the Rhine near St.
Goarshausen, Germany, which soars some 120 metres above the water line. It marks
the narrowest part of the river between Switzerland and the North Sea. A very strong
current and rocks below the waterline have caused many boat accidents there. Since
1395, the vineyards of the Counts of Katzenelnbogen have been located here.
Lorelei is also the name of one of the beautiful Rhine Maidens who, legend has it,
lured navigators of this river to their dooms with their alluring singing, much like the
Sirens of ancient Greek myth.
The name comes from the old German words "lureln" (Rhine dialect for
"murmuring") and the Celtic term "ley" (rock). The translation of the name would
therefore be: "murmur rock" or "murmuring rock". The heavy currents, and a small
waterfall in the area (still visible in the early 19th century) created a murmuring
sound, and this combined with the special echo the rock produces which acted as a
sort of amplifier, then gave name to the rock itself.[1] The murmuring is hard to hear
today due to the urbanization of the area. Other theories attribute the name to the
many accidents, by combining the word "luren" (lurk) with the same "ley" ending,
with the translation "lurking rock".
The rock is associated with several legendary tales originating in German folklore. It
appears in many forms. The legend was first created by the German author Clemens
Brentano in his novel "Godwi oder Das steinerne Bild der Mutter" (1801); Brentano
was inspired by Ovid, especially by the Echo-Narcissus myth. The poem "Die
Lorelei" by Heinrich Heine, which was labelled as "written by unknown writer"
during the Third Reich because it was too popular to ban it completely for its Jewish
authorship, is still one of the most well known poems in German language.
One of the legends is that Lorelei, a beautiful young maiden, committed suicide
because of an unfaithful lover. She jumped from the steep rock into the Rhine River,
thus killing herself. She then became a siren, luring shipmen to their fates with her
hypnotizing voice. The echoing heard today is said to be Lorelei.
According to the German legend of the Lorelei, there was once a beautiful young
maiden, named Lorelei, who threw herself headlong into the river in despair over a
faithless lover. Upon her death she was transformed into a siren and could from that
time on be heard singing on a rock along the Rhine River, near St. Goar. Her hypnotic
music lured sailors to their death. The legend is based on an echoing rock with that
name near Sankt Goarshausen, Germany. (From the encyclopedia mythica.)
There are many spelling variations of the name, the most common being Lorelei,
Loreli, Lorilei, Loreley, Lorely, Lorelie, and Lorelee. It is pronounced LAURA-lie.
The rock band STYX composed one song with Lorelei as the title. However, there are
also other songs about Lorelei from worldwide sources.
Die Lorelei
The Lorelei
Heinrich Heine
ORIGINAL: TRANSLATION:
Ich weiß nicht, was soll es bedeuten, I don't know what it may signify
Daß ich so traurig bin; That I am so sad;
Ein Märchen aus alten Zeiten, There's a tale from ancient times
Das kommt mir nicht aus dem Sinn. That I can't get out of my mind.
Die Luft ist kühl, und es dunkelt, The air is cool and the twilight is falling
Un ruhig fließt der Rhein; and the Rhine is flowing quietly by;
Der Gipfel des Berges funkelt the top of the mountain is glittering
In Abendsonnenschein. in the evening sun.
Sie kämmt es mit goldenem Kamme She combs it with a golden comb
Und singt ein Leid dabei; and sings a song as she does,
Das hat eine wundersame, A song with a peculiar,
Gewaltige Melodei. powerful melody.
Den Schiffer im kleinen Schiffe It seizes upon the boatman in his small boat
Ergreift es mit wildem Weh; With unrestrained woe;
Er schaut nicht die Felsenriffe, He does not look below to the rocky shoals,
Er schaut nur hinauf in die Höh'. He only looks up at the heights.
Ich glaube, die Wellen verschlingen If I'm not mistaken, the waters
Am Ende Schiffer uns Kahn; Finally swallowed up fisher and boat;
Und das hat mit ihrem Singen And with her singing
Die Lorelei getan. The Lorelei did this.
Wenn ich in deine Augen seh'
Language: German
Wenn ich in deine Augen seh',
So schwindet [all' mein Leid]1 und Weh;
Doch wenn ich küße deinen Mund,
So werd' ich ganz und gar gesund.