ESCALERAS DE HORMIGON ARMADO

Diseñar la escalera de Hormigón Armado del proyecto

DATOS DE ENTRADA

A) PROPIEDADES DE LOS MATERIALES

kgf kgf
Resistencia del concreto alos 28 días f'c ≔ 210 ―― γH ≔ 2400 ――
cm 2 m3
kgf
fluencia del acero fy ≔ 5000 ――
cm 2
kgf kgf
sobrecarga S.C ≔ 500 ―― CV ≔ S.C = 500 ――
m2 m2

paso P ≔ 30 cm

contrapaso Cp ≔ 16 cm

kgf
carga por acabados Acb ≔ 150 ――
m2

ESQUEMA

ln ≔ 2.40 m + 1.20 m = 3.6 m

B) CALCULO DE ESPESOR t

ln
t ≔ ― = 0.18 m t ≔ Ceil ((t , 5 cm)) t = 20 cm
20

C) CALCULO DE h

Cp t ⋅ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
⎛C 2 + P 2 ⎞
⎝ p ⎠
h ≔ ――+ ―――――― = 30.67 cm h ≔ Ceil ((h , 5 cm)) h = 0.35 m
2 P

D) CARGAS

kgf
pp ≔ γH ⋅ h ⋅ 1 m = 840 ――
m
kgf
CMt ≔ pp + Acb ⋅ 1 m = 990 ――
m

E) MAYORACION DE CARGAS

kgf
qu ≔ 1.2 ⋅ ⎛⎝CMt⎞⎠ + 1.6 ⋅ ((CV ⋅ 1 m)) = 1988 m ⋅ ―― para peldaños
m2
kgf
pp1 ≔ γH ⋅ t ⋅ 1 m = 480 ――
m
kgf
CMt1 ≔ pp1 + Acb ⋅ 1 m = 630 ――
m
kgf
qu2 ≔ 1.2 ⋅ ⎛⎝CMt1⎞⎠ + 1.6 ⋅ ((CV ⋅ 1 m)) = 1556 m ⋅ ―― para descanso
m2

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 F) CALCULO DE MOMENTOS MAXIMOS

a ≔ 2.50 m b ≔ 1.30 m
l ≔ a + b = 3.8 m

⎛a ⎞ b2
qu ⋅ a ⋅ ⎜―+ b⎟ + qu2 ⋅ ――
⎝2 ⎠ 2
RA ≔ ――――――――= 3681.137 kgf
l

Vx ≔ RA - qu ⋅ x cuando Vx=0

RA
x ≔ ―― = 1.852 m
qu
x2
Mx ≔ RA ⋅ x - qu ⋅ ―― = 3408.141 kgf ⋅ m
2

Momentos factorizados e el apoyo y centro de la luz

2
Apoyo rígido negativo MdisR ≔ ―⋅ Mx = 2272.094 kgf ⋅ m
3
1
Apoyo semirrígido negativo MdisSR ≔ ―⋅ Mx = 1136.047 kgf ⋅ m
3

G) CALCULO DE REFUERZO DE ACERO

t = 20 cm r ≔ 2 cm ϕl ≔ 12 mm b ≔ 100 cm ϕ ≔ 0.9

ϕl
d ≔ t - r - ― = 17.4 cm
2

Refuerzo positivo:

Mu ≔ Mx = 3408.140958 kgf ⋅ m

f'c ⎛ 2.36 ⋅ Mu ⎞
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
ρnec ≔ ―――⋅ ⎜1 - 1 - ――――⎟ = 0.002596
1.18 ⋅ fy ⎜⎝ ϕ ⋅ f'c ⋅ b ⋅ d 2 ⎟⎠
kgf
4220 ⋅ ――
cm 2
ρmin ≔ 0.0018 ⋅ ――――= 0.001519
fy

ρdis ≔ max ⎛⎝ρnec , ρmin⎞⎠ ρdis = 0.002596

As ≔ ρdis ⋅ b ⋅ d = 4.52 cm 2 db ≔ 10 mm

⎛π⋅d 2 ⎞
b
As ⎛⎝Nb , db⎞⎠ ≔ Nb ⋅ ⎜――― ⎟
⎜⎝ 4 ⎟⎠

Realizar el armado real: As_pr ≔ As ⎛⎝6 , db⎞⎠ = 4.71 cm 2 Ab = 0.79 cm 2

Ab
Usando varillas de db = 10 mm la separación es: spos ≔ ――= 0.168
As_pr

Usar separación de: spos ≔ Trunc ⎛⎝spos ⋅ 100 cm , 15 cm⎞⎠ = 15 cm

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 Usar separación de: spos ≔ Trunc ⎛⎝spos ⋅ 100 cm , 15 cm⎞⎠ = 15 cm

Usar db = 10 mm Cada spos = 15 cm

Refuerzo negativo apoyo A:

MdisSR = 1136.047 kgf ⋅ m

f'c ⎛ 2.36 ⋅ MdisSR ⎞

‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
ρnec ≔ ―――⋅ ⎜1 - 1 - ―――― ⎟ = 0.000844
1.18 ⋅ fy ⎜⎝ ϕ ⋅ f'c ⋅ b ⋅ d 2 ⎟⎠

ρdis ≔ max ⎛⎝ρnec , ρmin⎞⎠ ρdis = 0.001519 db ≔ 10 mm

As ≔ ρdis ⋅ b ⋅ d = 2.64 cm 2

Realizar el armado real: As_pr ≔ As ⎛⎝4 , db⎞⎠ = 3.14 cm 2 Ab = 0.79 cm 2

Ab
Usando varillas de db = 10 mm la separación es: sneg ≔ ――= 0.251
As_pr

Usar separación de: sneg ≔ Trunc ⎛⎝sneg ⋅ 100 cm , 25 cm⎞⎠ = 25 cm

Usar db = 10 mm Cada sneg = 25 cm

Refuerzo negativo apoyo B:

MdisR = 2272.094 kgf ⋅ m

f'c ⎛ 2.36 ⋅ MdisR ⎞

‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
ρnec ≔ ―――⋅ ⎜1 - 1 - ――――⎟ = 0.001709
1.18 ⋅ fy ⎜⎝ ϕ ⋅ f'c ⋅ b ⋅ d 2 ⎟⎠

ρdis ≔ max ⎛⎝ρnec , ρmin⎞⎠ ρdis = 0.001709 db ≔ 10 mm

As ≔ ρdis ⋅ b ⋅ d = 2.97 cm 2

Realizar el armado real: As_pr ≔ As ⎛⎝4 , db⎞⎠ = 3.14 cm 2 Ab = 0.79 cm 2

Ab
Usando varillas de db = 10 mm la separación es: sneg ≔ ――= 0.251
As_pr

Usar separación de: sneg ≔ Trunc ⎛⎝sneg ⋅ 100 cm , 25 cm⎞⎠ = 25 cm

Usar db = 10 mm Cada sneg = 25 cm

Refuerzo trasversal:
db ≔ 10 mm As ≔ ρmin ⋅ b ⋅ t = 3.04 cm 2

Realizar el armado real: As_pr ≔ As ⎛⎝4 , db⎞⎠ = 3.14 cm 2 Ab = 0.79 cm 2

Ab
Usando varillas de db = 10 mm la separación es: sneg ≔ ――= 0.251
As_pr

Usar separación de: sneg ≔ Trunc ⎛⎝sneg ⋅ 100 cm , 25 cm⎞⎠ = 25 cm

Usar db = 10 mm Cada sneg = 25 cm

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 ESQUEMA DE ARMADO DE ACERO

kgf
ΔfpF = ? ――
cm 2

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