H-1

Tabella H.1 Travi variamente vincolate e sottoposte ai tipi di carichi più comuni
Schema Relazioni
- Trave appoggiata agli estremi con carico concen-
trato
b a
R A = ------ ⋅ F ; R B = ------ ⋅ F
l l

T A = R A; T B = – R B

MA = MB = 0
a⋅b
M max = R A ⋅ a = R B ⋅ b = ---------- ⋅ F
l
1 F ⋅ a2 ⋅ b2
f = --- ⋅ -----------------------
3 E⋅I⋅l

- Trave appoggiata agli estremi con carico unifor-

memente distribuito
q⋅l
R A = R B = ------------
2
T A = R A; T B = – R B

MA = MB = 0
1
M max = --- ⋅ q ⋅ l 2
8
1 q ⋅ l4
f = --------- ⋅ -----------
384 E ⋅ I

- Trave con un appoggio intermedio e con carico

concentrato all’estremo del tratto a sbalzo
b l+a
R A = ------ ⋅ F ; R B = -------------- ⋅ F
l l
b
T A = – ------ ⋅ F ; TB = F
l
MA = 0

M max = – F ⋅ b

F ( l + b ) ⋅ b2
f = ---------- ⋅ -------------------------
E⋅I 3

Continua
H-2 MECCANICA

Tabella H.1 Travi variamente vincolate e sottoposte ai tipi di carichi più comuni
Schema Relazioni
- Trave appoggiata agli estremi con carico unifor-
memente distribuito su un tratto
a + 2b a2
R A = q ⋅ a ⋅ ------------------- ; R B = q ⋅ -----
2l 2l

TA = RA ; TB = –RB

MA = MB = 0
R A2
M max = ------
q
RA
x = ------
q

- Trave simmetrica con appoggi intermedi e carichi

concentrati agli estremi
RA = RB = F

TA = –RA ; TB = RB

M max = – F ⋅ a

F ⋅ a ⋅ l2
f 1 = -------------------
8⋅E⋅I
F ⋅ a2
f = ----------------- ⋅ ⎛⎝ a + -----⎞⎠
3l
3⋅E⋅I 2

- Trave simmetrica con appoggi intermedi e carico

uniformemente distribuito
q ⋅ l 2-
R A = R B = ----------
2
TA = RA ; TB = RB

q ⋅ a-
M A = –------------
2
q ⋅ l2
M 1 = ----------- ⋅ ⎛ b--- – 1---⎞
4 ⎝ l 2⎠
q⋅a
f = -------------------- ⋅ ( 3a 2 – b 3 + 6a 2 ⋅ b )
24 ⋅ E ⋅ I

Continua
 H-3

Tabella H.1 Travi variamente vincolate e sottoposte ai tipi di carichi più comuni
Schema Relazioni
- Trave appoggiata agli estremi con carico distribu-
ito variabile con legge lineare (triangolare)
⋅ -l ⋅ -l
R A = q-------- ; R B = q--------
3 6

TA = RA ; TB = –RB

MA = MB = 0

16
M max = --------- ⋅ q ⋅ l 2
250
q ⋅ l4
f max = 0, 013 ⋅ -------------
2E ⋅ I

- Trave incastrata a un estremo con carico concen-

trato all’estremo libero

RA = F

T = TA = TB = RA

M max = M A = – F ⋅ l

1 F ⋅ l3
f = --- ⋅ ------------
3 E⋅I

- Trave incastrata a un estremo con carico unifor-

memente distribuito

RA = q ⋅ l

TA = RA

q⋅l 2
M max = M A = – -----------
2
1 q ⋅ l4
f = --- ⋅ -----------
8 E⋅I

Continua
H-4 MECCANICA

Tabella H.1 Travi variamente vincolate e sottoposte ai tipi di carichi più comuni
Schema Relazioni
- Trave incastrata a un estremo con carico distribu-
ito variabile con legge lineare (triangolare)
⋅ -l
R A = q--------
2
TA = RA

q⋅l 2
M max = M A = – -----------
6
1 q ⋅ l4
f = ------ ⋅ -----------
30 E ⋅ I

- Trave incastrata a un estremo e appoggiata F

all’altro con carico concentrato R A = ------3- ⋅ ( 3l 2 – b 2 ) ⋅ b ;
2l
F
R B = ------3- ⋅ ( 2l + b ) ⋅ a 2
2l
TA = RA ; TB = –RB

MA = – F ⋅ a ⋅ b ⋅ ( l + b -)
--------------------------------------
2l 2

MC = F ⋅ a 2 ⋅ b ⋅ ( 2l + b )-
--------------------------------------------
2l 3
F a ⋅ b 2 ⋅ ( 3l + b -)
3
f C = ---------- ⋅ --------------------------------------
E⋅I 12l 3
F⋅a 3
f x = ---------------- 3b – ( 2l + b ) ⋅ ⎛⎝ ----------⎞⎠ ⎛⎝ ----------⎞⎠
l–x l–x
12E ⋅ I l l
- Trave incastrata ai due estremi con carico con- ⋅ ( l + 2a ) ⋅ a 2-
centrato RA = F
------------------------------------
l3
⋅ ( l + 2b ) ⋅ b 2-
RB = F
------------------------------------
l3
TA = RA ; TB = –RB

F ⋅ a ⋅ b2
M A = – ---------------------
l2
⋅ a 2 ⋅ b-
MB = – F --------------------
l2
2F ⋅ a 2 ⋅ b 2
M B = – ---------------------------
l3
F a 3 ⋅ b3
f C = ---------- ⋅ --------------
-
E ⋅ I 3l 3
Continua
 H-5

Tabella H.1 Travi variamente vincolate e sottoposte ai tipi di carichi più comuni
Schema Relazioni
- Trave incastrata a un estremo, appoggiata
all’altro e con carico uniformemente distribuito
5 3
R A = --- ⋅ q ⋅ l ; R B = --- ⋅ q ⋅ l
8 8

TA = RA ; TB = –RB

1
M A = --- ⋅ q ⋅ l 2
8
9
M C = --------- ⋅ q ⋅ l 2
158
1 q ⋅ l4
f = --------- ⋅ -----------
185 E ⋅ I

- Trave incastrata a un estremo, con un appoggio

q⋅l
R A = --------- ⋅ ⎛⎝ 3 – ------ – ----- ⎞⎠
intermedio e con carico uniformemente distribu- 3l a
ito 2 2a 4l
q ⋅ l 3l a
R B = --------- ⋅ ⎛⎝ -----
- + ----- – 1⎞
2 2a 4l ⎠
TA = RA ; TB = RB

2b 2 – a 2
M A = q ⋅ l ⋅ --------------------
8l
q⋅b 2
M B = – -------------
2
M A = M max se a > 6 ⋅ b

M B = M max se a < 6 ⋅ b
- Trave incastrata ai due estremi e con carico uni-
formemente distribuito
⋅ -l
R A = R B = q--------
2
TA = RA ; TB = –RB

1- ⋅ q ⋅ l 2
M A = M B = – -----
12
1
M C = ------ ⋅ q ⋅ l 2
24
1 q ⋅ l4
f = --------- ⋅ -----------
384 E ⋅ I

Continua
H-6 MECCANICA

Tabella H.1 Travi variamente vincolate e sottoposte ai tipi di carichi più comuni
Schema Relazioni
- Trave su tre appoggi simmetrici e con carichi
concentrati equidistanti dagli appoggi

5 22
R A = R B = ------ ⋅ F ; R C = ------ ⋅ F
16 16

TA = RA ; TB = –RB

5
M A = M B = ------ ⋅ F ⋅ l
32
3- ⋅ F ⋅ l
M C = – -----
16

- Trave su tre appoggi simmetrici e con carico uni-

formemente distribuito

3 5
R A = R B = --- ⋅ q ⋅ l ; R C = --- ⋅ q ⋅ l
8 4

TA = RA ; TB = –RB

9
M = --------- ⋅ q ⋅ l 2
128

M C = – 1--- ⋅ q ⋅ l 2
8

- Trave simmetrica incastrata agli estremi, con un

appoggio in mezzeria e con carico uniforme-
mente distribuito

1
R A = R B = --- ⋅ q ⋅ l ; RC = q ⋅ l
2
1
M = ------ ⋅ q ⋅ l 2
24
1- ⋅ q ⋅ l 2
M A = M B = M C = – -----
12

Continua
 H-7

Tabella H.1 Travi variamente vincolate e sottoposte ai tipi di carichi più comuni
Schema Relazioni
- Trave su quattro appoggi simmetrici e con carico
uniformemente distribuito sulla campata centrale
R A = R D = 0, 005 ⋅ q ⋅ l

R B = R C = 0, 550 ⋅ q ⋅ l
5
M = ------ ⋅ q ⋅ l 2
67
1- ⋅ q ⋅ l 2
M A = M B = M C = – -----
20

- Trave su quattro appoggi simmetrici e con carico

uniformemente distribuito sulle campate laterali
R A = R D = 0, 450 ⋅ q ⋅ l

R B = R C = 0, 550 ⋅ q ⋅ l
1- ⋅ q ⋅ l 2
M 1 = – -----
20
10
M 2 = ------ ⋅ q ⋅ l 2
99

- Trave su quattro appoggi simmetrici e con carico

uniformemente distribuito sulle campate laterali
R A = 0, 383 ⋅ q ⋅ l ; R B = 1, 2 ⋅ q ⋅ l

R C = 0, 450 ⋅ q ⋅ l ; R D = 0, 033 ⋅ q ⋅ l
1 1
M 1 = ------------ ⋅ q ⋅ l 2 ; M B = – ------------ ⋅ p ⋅ l 2
12, 7 8, 55
1 -
1 - ⋅ q ⋅ l 2 ; M = -----------
M C = – ----------- ⋅ q ⋅ l2
30, 3 2 18, 3

- Trave su cinque appoggi simmetrici e con carico

uniformemente distribuito
R A = 0, 393 ⋅ q ⋅ l ; R B = 1, 143 ⋅ q ⋅ l

R C = 0, 929 ⋅ q ⋅ l ; R D = 1, 143 ⋅ q ⋅ l
R E = 0, 393 ⋅ q ⋅ l
1 1
M 1 = ------ ⋅ q ⋅ l 2 ; M B = – ------------ ⋅ p ⋅ l 2
13 8, 55
1 1
M C = – ------------ ⋅ q ⋅ l 2 ; M 2 = --------------- ⋅ q ⋅ l 2
14, 1 27, 75

Continua
H-8 MECCANICA

Tabella H.1 Travi variamente vincolate e sottoposte ai tipi di carichi più comuni
Schema Relazioni
- Telaio incernierato agli estremi e con carico con-
centrato sulla parte orizzontale

⋅ b- ; R = F ⋅ a-
RA = F
---------- B ----------
l l
h-
k = -----
l
3⋅F⋅a⋅b
H A = H B = -----------------------------------------
2 ⋅ h ⋅ l ⋅ ( 2k + 3 )
3⋅F⋅a⋅b
M C = M E = ---------------------------------
2 ⋅ l ⋅ ( 2k + 3 )
F ⋅ a ⋅ b 4k + 3
M D = ------------------ ⋅ ---------------
2l 2k + 3

- Telaio incernierato agli estremi e con carico con-

centrato su una parte verticale

F⋅h
R A = R B = ------------1-
l

F ⋅ h 4h 3 + h 13 – 3h 1 ⋅ h 2
H A = ----------- ⋅ --------------------------------------------- +
2⋅l h ⋅ ( 2h + 3l )
6h ⋅ l – 3h 1 ⋅ h ⋅ l
+ ----------------------------------------
-
h ⋅ ( 2h + 3l )

HB = F – HA

M E = H A ⋅ h; M C = H A ⋅ h – F ⋅ h 2

MD = –HB ⋅ h = –( F – HA ) ⋅ h

Continua
 H-9

Tabella H.1 Travi variamente vincolate e sottoposte ai tipi di carichi più comuni
Schema Relazioni
- Telaio incernierato agli estremi e con carico uni-
formemente distribuito sulla parte orizzontale

⋅ -l
R A = R B = q--------
2

q ⋅ l2
H A = H B = -----------------------------------
-
4h ⋅ ⎛ 2 ------ + 3⎞
h
⎝ l ⎠
q ⋅ l 2 2h + l
M D = ----------- ⋅ -----------------
8 2h + 3l
q ⋅ l2
M C = M E = --------------------------------
4 ⋅ ⎛ 2 ------ + 3⎞
h
⎝ l ⎠

- Telaio incernierato agli estremi e con carico uni-

formemente distribuito su una parte verticale

q ⋅ h2
R A = R B = -------------
2l

q ⋅ h 11h + 18l
H A = ---------- ⋅ -----------------------
8 2h + 3l
HB = q ⋅ h – HA
q ⋅ h 2 11k + 18 2
M E = ------------- ⋅ ⎛ ---------------------⎞ ; k = -----
h-
128 ⎝ 2k + 3 ⎠ l

h E = --- ⋅ ⎛ ---------------------⎞
h 11k + 18
8 ⎝ 2k + 3 ⎠
3 h + 2l
M C = --- ⋅ q ⋅ l 2 ⋅ -----------------
8 2h + 3l
q ⋅ h 2 5k + 6
M D = – ------------- ⋅ ---------------
8 2k + 3

Continua
H-10 MECCANICA

Tabella H.1 Travi variamente vincolate e sottoposte ai tipi di carichi più comuni
Schema Relazioni
- Telaio incastrato agli estremi e con carico con-
centrato sulla parte orizzontale F ⋅ b 6 ⋅ h ⋅ l + l 2 + a ⋅ l – 2a 2-
R A = ----------- ⋅ --------------------------------------------------------
l 6 ⋅ h ⋅ l + l2
F ⋅ a 6 ⋅ h ⋅ l + 3 ⋅ a ⋅ l – 2a 2
R B = ----------- ⋅ -----------------------------------------------------
-
l 6 ⋅ h ⋅ l + l2
3⋅F⋅a⋅b
H A = H B = ---------------------------------------
2 ⋅ h ⋅ l ⋅ ⎛⎝ h--- + 2⎞⎠
l
F ⋅ a ⋅ b 5 ⋅ h ⋅ l – l 2 + 2a ⋅ ( h + 2l )
M A = ------------------ ⋅ ---------------------------------------------------------------
2l ( h + 2 l ) ⋅ ( 6h + l )
F ⋅ a ⋅ b 3l + 7 ⋅ h ⋅ l – 2a ⋅ ( h + 2l )
M B = ------------------ ⋅ ----------------------------------------------------------------
2l ( h + 2 l ) ⋅ ( 6h + l )
MC = MA – HA ⋅ h
ME = MB – HB ⋅ h
MD = MA – HA ⋅ h + RA ⋅ a

- Telaio incastrato agli estremi e con carico con-

centrato su una parte verticale 3 ⋅ F ⋅ h 12
R A = R B = -------------------------- - ; HA = F – HB
6 ⋅ h ⋅ l + l2
F ⋅ h1 h1
H B = ----------------------------------- ⋅ 3 ⋅ ⎛ h--- + 1⎞ – ----- ⋅
⎝ ⎠ h
2 ⋅ h 2 ⋅ ⎛ h--- + 2⎞
l
⎝l ⎠

⋅ ⎛⎝ 2 ⋅ h--- + 1⎞⎠
l
F ⋅ h 12 2h
M A = – ------------- ⋅ ------ –
2h h1
3h ⋅ l + 2h 2 – h ⋅ ( h + l ) 3h 2 -
– --------------------------------------------------------- – ---------------------------
h +2⋅h⋅l
2 6 ⋅ h2 + h ⋅ l

F ⋅ h 12 3 ⋅ h ⋅ l + 2h 2 – h ⋅ ( h + l )
M B = ------------- ⋅ ------------------------------------------------------------
-–
2⋅h h2 + 2 ⋅ h ⋅ l
3h 2
– ----------------------------
6 ⋅ h2 + h ⋅ l
ME = MA + HA ⋅ h1
MD = M – HB ⋅ h
MC = MA + HA ⋅ h1 – F ⋅ h2
H-11
H-12 MECCANICA