Affri RSD Inglese

Automatic RSD Series H A R D N E S S T E S T E R
Copyright O.M.A.G. 1993
Note!
OMAG believes that the following instructions are accurate and

reliable. OMAG cannot be held liable for damages incurred by
using this instruction manual.
OMAG has the copyright on all the information in this manual.

No printing, either total or partial, can be made without OMAG
written authorization.
ENGLISH
This information is subject to change without notice.
OMAG has the right to modify the specifications of its products

without notice.
BREVETTI ®
are registred trade marks
3
ENGLISH
4
Table of contents
Technical data ................................................................................................................................................ 7
Standard accessories ..................................................................................................................................... 8
1 Unpacking ................................................................................................................................................ 9
Mod. 206 parts references ..................................................................................................................... 10
Mod. 330/270 parts references .............................................................................................................. 11
2 Electronic connection ............................................................................................................................. 12
3 New electronic panel .............................................................................................................................. 13
3.1 ON / OFF electrical line ................................................................................................................ 13
3.2 Programming of test time ............................................................................................................. 13
3.3 TOL .............................................................................................................................................. 13
3.4 Scale SET .................................................................................................................................... 13
3.5 Conversion ................................................................................................................................... 14
3.6 Round surface .............................................................................................................................. 14
3.7 Date ............................................................................................................................................. 14
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3.8 Del ................................................................................................................................................ 14
3.9 % .................................................................................................................................................. 14
3.10 Mem ON-OFF .............................................................................................................................. 15
3.11 Print .............................................................................................................................................. 15
3.12 Set ................................................................................................................................................ 15
3.13 MC ................................................................................................................................................ 15
3.14 ∑+ ............................................................................................................................................................... 15
3.15 ∑− ............................................................................................................................................................... 15
Programming table ................................................................................................................................. 16
3.16 Change of loads ........................................................................................................................... 17
3.17 How to change the anvil ............................................................................................................... 17
3.18 Sobstitution of the penetrator ....................................................................................................... 18
4 Linking the tester to a data printer .......................................................................................................... 19
4.1 Printing of stored values .............................................................................................................. 19
4.2 Deletion of stored data ................................................................................................................. 19
TAB 1 ........................................................................................................................................... 20
5 Use of the tester ..................................................................................................................................... 21
5.1 BRAM pawl (optional) .................................................................................................................. 22
5.1.1 Use of the hardness tester in BRAM version ............................................................................... 22
5.2 Blockage of long pieces (206 series) ........................................................................................... 23
5.3 Blockage of long pieces (270/330 series) .................................................................................... 23
5.4 Assembling the anvil holder (only for 270/330 series) ................................................................. 24
5.5 Assembling the ART plate (optional) ............................................................................................ 24
6 Preparation of the surface to test ........................................................................................................... 25
7 Selection of the testing load, (according to the thickness of the piece) ................................................. 26
DIAGRAM .............................................................................................................................................. 27
TAB 2 ..................................................................................................................................................... 28
TAB 2.1 .................................................................................................................................................. 29
8 Notes for correct hardness tester operation ........................................................................................... 30
8.1 Display segments check control .................................................................................................. 31
9 Periodic controls and calibration ............................................................................................................ 31
10 Maintenance ........................................................................................................................................... 32
Hardness information - User's guide ............................................................................................................ 34
AFFRI Hardness testers ......................................................................................................................... 35
Rockwell ................................................................................................................................................. 36
Brinell ..................................................................................................................................................... 37
Vickers ................................................................................................................................................... 39
Glossary ..................................................................................................................................................... 40
How to find defects and eliminate them ....................................................................................................... 42
Spare parts list ............................................................................................................................................. 44
5
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6
Technical data
MODEL 206 RSD 206 SD

Pre-load 10 Kgf (98,07) N 3 Kgf (29,4) N
Test loads 60-100-150 Rockwell (588-980-1471) N 15-30-45 Rockwell (147-294-441) N
62,5-125-187,5 Brinell (612-1225-1839) N 15,6-31,2-46,8 Brinell (153-306-459) N
Mode of operation automatic automatic
Working lever with rack lever with rack
Test possible Rockwell C-A-D-B-F-G-L-M-(RN) mm2 Superficial Rockwell HRN + HRT
Digital read out Rockwell R N/mm2 Superficial Rockwell
Accuracy of result 0,1 HR 0,1 HR
Floating head 30 mm floating 30 mm floating
Total height capacity 215 mm 215 mm
Total depth capacity 190 mm 190 mm
Max load of piece 1000 Kg 1000 Kg
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Locking pressure of piece 196 to 4000 N 196 to 4000 N
Locking of piece included included
RS 232 C output current current
Electrical power supply 220V 50 Hz 40 VA 220V 50 Hz 40 VA
Field of application For all metals steel, hard steel, cast iron bronze, aluminium As RSD serie with depth less than 0,6 mm and nitriding,
over 0,6 mm cementation, hard facing
Net weight 68 Kg 68 Kg
Packing weight 88 Kg 88 Kg
Packing measurements 37x60x102 cm 37x60x102 cm
Precision in compliance with ISO 716 norm in compliance with ISO 1079 norm
MODEL 330 RSD 270 RSD 330 SD 270 SD

Pre-load 10 Kgf (98,07) N 3 Kgf (29,4) N
Test loads 60-100-150 Rockwell (588-980-1471) N 15-30-45 Rockwell (147-294-441) N
62,5-125-187,5 Brinell (612-1225-1839) 15,6-31,2-46,8 Brinell (153-306-459)
Mode of operation Automatic Automatic
Working lever with rack lever with rack
Test possible Rockwell C-A-D-B-F-G-L-M-(RN) mm2 Superficial Rockwell HRN+HRT
Digital read out Rockwell R N mm2 Superficial Rockwell
Accuracy of result 0,1 HR 0,1 HR
Floating head 30 mm floating 30 mm floating
Total height capacity (A) 330 mm 270 mm 330 mm 270 mm
Total depth capacity (B) 200 mm 170 mm 200 mm 170 mm
Dimension of base (C) 330x390 mm 280x330 mm 330x390 mm 280x330 mm
Max load of piece 2000 Kg 2000 Kg
Locking pressure of piece 196 to 4000 N 196 to 4000 N
Locking of piece included included
RS 232 C output current current
Electrical power supply 220V 50 Hz 40 VA 220V 50 Hz 40 VA
Field of application For all metals steel, hard steel, cast iron bronze, aluminium, As RS serie with depth less than 0,6 mm and nitriding,
over 0,6 mm cementation, hard facing
Net weight 85 Kg 70 Kg 85 Kg 70 Kg
Gross weight 105 Kg 90 Kg 105 Kg 90 Kg
Packing measurements 72x52xH95 cm 60x45xH90 cm 72x52xH95 cm 60x45xH90 cm
Precision in compliance with ISO 716 norm in compliance with ISO 1079 norm
7
Contents of the accessories kit (standard version):
n° 1 - 120° penetrator for Rockwell on hardened steel at 150,

100, 60 Kgf
n° 1 - 1/16" penetrator for Rockwell on annealed steel, cast
iron, aluminium and non ferrous metal to use at 100 of 150
of 60 Kgf
n° 2 - calibration test samples (HRC and HRB)

n° 1 - hexagonal wrench for test loads selection
n° 3 - anvils for round and flat pieces
n° 1 - instruction manual and calibration certificate
n° 1 - centering gauge (for models 270 and 330)
External items of the kit:

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n° 1 - hard board showing the conversion of all hardness

n° 1 - dust cover for the hardness tester when not in use.
SERIAL N°: __________________________________
CALIBRATION CODES: ________________________
________________________
8
1 Unpacking
· Unscrew the bolts on the bottom of the box
13 mm hexagonal wrench.
ENGLISH
· Remove the lid
· Pull the rivets out of the bottom part of the walls
· Remove the horizontal stay on the hardness tester
· Remove the container
· Put the instrument on the table.

(for the 206 series you need a table with a central hole of
about 80-90 mm to allow for the passage of the screw
required for lifting piece)
· Degrease the metallic parts with petrol

(don't use solvent)
9
Mod. 206 parts references

5
1 Feeding connector
2 RS232C data output
3 Test load mobile selector
4 4 Available loads scale

3
5 Wrench to select tested loads
10
6 Piece press
21 8 Penetrator
22 9 3 cm floating head (with enclosed test
instruments)
11
10 Test lever
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14 11 Electronic unit
12 Display
13 Programming keyboard
12
14 Electronic unit anchor screws
13
21 First line end of stroke
14
22 Second line end of stroke
2 9 23 Instrument identification plate
25 Anvil holder screw

1 6
26 Handwheel to regulate the rising screw
8
25
26
23
10
Mod. 330/270 parts references
1 Feeding connector
18 2 RS232C data output
5 3 Test load mobile selector
4 Available loads scale
5 Wrench to select tested loads

4 6 Piece press
3
2 1 8 Penetrator
22
21 9 3 cm floating head (with enclosed test
10
instruments)
10 Test lever
ENGLISH
17 11 Electronic unit
12 Display
11
13 Programming keyboard
12
14 Electronic unit anchor screws
16 Side panel
16
17 Head clamping
14 14
18 Handwheel to change the test height
13
19 Testing piece holder
9 20 Anvil holder
21 First line end of stroke

6 22 Second line end of stroke
8 23 Instrument identification plate
35 Left side covering panel

36
36 Right side covering panel
20
35
19
2
1 23
11
2 Electronic connection
Fit the electrical power supply cable to connect the rear socket
of the hardness tester to an electrical outlet and verify the
voltage indicated on the instrument:
● 220 Volts 50/60 Hz

● 110 Volts 60 Hz
ENGLISH
BREVETTI ®
AFFRI
AFFRI ® SYSTEM
SET + –
SCALE
CONV PRINT
SEL 7 8 9
MEM MC
ROUND
TOL
SURF ON-OFF 4 5 6
+
DATE % 1 2 3
↵
–
ON OFF DEL
0 .
12
3 New electronic panel
3.1 ON / OFF electrical line
↵
– This button ON the line of the tester.
ON OFF DEL
0 .
↵ This button OFF the line of the tester.

–
ON OFF DEL
0 .
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SCALE
SET + – 3.2 Programming of test time
CONV PRINT
SEL 7 8 9
Push and with numerical key insert the desired time
MEM MC
ROUND
TOL
SURF ON-OFF 4 5 6 usually is 2 seconds for Rockwell C with diamond cone, 3
+
seconds for Rockwell B with ball indenter. Push ↵ to confirm.
DATE % 1 2 3
3.3 TOL
SET + –
SCALE
CONV PRINT
SEL 7 8 9 If necessary for a statistic purpose, is possible memorize 2
MC ranges of the acceptable results:
ROUND MEM
TOL
SURF ON-OFF 4 5 6 Push TOL key and digitize the maximum acceptable value,
push ↵ and digitize the minumum acceptable value, push
↵ to confirm they.
3.4 Scale SEL

SET + – SCALE
SCALE
CONV PRINT Push the display will shows the listed possible scale.
SEL 7 8 9 SEL
Select desired scale.
13
SCALE
SET + – 3.5 Conversion
CONV PRINT
SEL 7 8 9
Push CONV . The display will indicates the scale to scale convert-
ible from the reading scale. The parentesis scale is the real test
to operate. Example HV (HRC) conversion from (HRC) scale to
HV.
SCALE
SET + – 3.6 Round surface
CONV PRINT
SEL 7 8 9
MC
Is possible obtain the automatic correction for round surface
ROUND MEM
TOL
SURF ON-OFF 4 5 6 tested. Push
ROUND
SURF to activate or disactivate it, an icon will
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indicates if activate.
Digitize the diameter of round surface and push ↵ . Display
will automatic shows the corrected value.
+ 3.7 Date
DATE % 1 2 3
Enter date with numeric keys and confirm it with ↵ key. Some
models have non activate this function.
206 RSD - 330 RSD - 270 RSD
3.8 Del
↵
–
ON OFF DEL
0 .
This key cancel the last number digitize on display.
TOL
ROUND MEM MC 3.9 %
SURF ON-OFF 4 5 6
+ This key will show the stored results. If connect the printer the
DATE % 1 2 3 list of result will be printed out.
14
ROUND MEM MC 3.10 Mem ON-OFF

TOL
SURF ON-OFF 4 5 6
Push this key to activate the automatic store of
results, the display will shows if memory is ON or
OFF.
SCALE
SET + – 3.11 Print
CONV PRINT
SEL 7 8 9
Push this key to print out the last result of test (before
push it connect the printer to the hardness tester).
ENGLISH
SCALE
SET + – 3.12 Set
CONV PRINT
SEL 7 8 9
When push it will appear Contrast +/-. Push + or - to
increase or decrease the contrast light of display,
after push ↵ will appear BAUD.
Push + or - to modify the Baud for printer connection.
Is recommended to select high baud over 1200 and
push ↵ .
(ONLY for 3302 MRS) Will appear a NUMBER this is the mm. Return stroke
of indenter after a test. The min. value acceptable is
5 (5 mm approximately) you can program more 5 but
not less. Push ↵ to confirm.
ROUND MEM MC 3.13 MC

TOL
SURF ON-OFF 4 5 6
Push this key to cancel the stored values.
+ 3.14 å+
DATE % 1 2 3
This key will memorize another unit of last test
result.
3.15 å-
↵
–
ON OFF DEL
0 .
This key will cancel the last test result.
15
PROGRAMMING TABLE for direct reading (depend to the model)
SYMBOL PENETRATOR PRE- LOAD APPLICATION FIELD MEASUREMENT

SCALE LOAD
HRA cone 10 60 Hardened metals, cemented layers, thin sheets (>0,4 mm) Direct on display
HRB ball 1/16" 10 100 Non ferrous metals, structural steel, and so on. Direct on display
HRC cone 10 150 Soft, cemented, tempered steel Direct on display
HRD cone 10 100 Cemented surfaces with middle cementation layer Direct on display
HRE ball 1/8" 10 100 Cast iron, magnesium alloy, aluminium, antifriction Direct on display
metals, plastic (ASTM D 785-60 T)
HRF ball 1/16" 10 60 Copper alloy, laminations (>0,6 mm) Direct on display
HRG ball 1/16" 10 150 Phosphor bronze, copper-beryllium, soft cast iron with Direct on display
middle hardness
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HRH ball 1/8" 10 60 Aluminium, zinc, lead, abrasive stone Direct on display
HRK ball 1/8" 10 150 Antifriction metals and others with reduced hardness Direct on display
HRL ball 1/4" 10 60 As HRK, hard rubber (ASTM D 530-59 T), synthetic Direct on display
materials (ASTM D 785-60 T)
HRM ball 1/4" 10 100 As HRK and HRL, hardboard panels (ASTM D 805-52) Direct on display
HR15N 15 As HRA, HRC, HRD but for thin layers or
HR30N cone 3 30 laminations Direct on display
HR45N 45 (>0,15 mm)
HRP ball 1/4" 10 150 As HRK, HRL and HRM Direct on display
HRR ball 1/2" 10 60 As HRK, HRL and HRM Direct on display
HRS ball 1/2" 10 100 As HRK, HRL and HRM Direct on display
HR15T 15 As HRB, HRF and HRG but for thin
HR30T ball 1/16" 3 30 laminations Direct on display
HR45T 45 (>0,25 mm)
HRV ball 1/2" 10 150 As HRK, HRL, HRM, HRP, HRR and HRS Direct on display
HR15W 15 Metals with reduced hardness,
HR30W ball 1/8" 3 30 in thin layers such as thin covering with antifriction metals Direct on display
HR45W 45 Specifically for
HR15X 15 sintered metals
HR30X sfera 1/4" 3 30 (ASTM B 347-59 T) Direct on display
HR45X 45
HR15Y 15 As HRX
HR30Y ball 1/2" 3 30 Direct on display
HR45Y 45 All metals
HV3 diamond 136° 3 All metals Through microscope*
HV60 diamond 136° 60 Cast iron, steel with hardness higher than 400 HB Through microscope*
HB T 30 C 2,5 carbide 187,5 Cast iron, steel with hardness lower than 400 HB Direct automatic**
HB T 30 S 2,5 steel 187,5 Aluminium, bronze, copper, brass Direct automatic**
HB T 10 2,5 steel 62,5 Aluminium, bronze, copper, brass Direct automatic**
HB 2.5 2,5 steel 15,62 Aluminium, bronze, copper, brass Through microscope*
HB 5 2,5 steel 31,25 Aluminium, bronze, copper, brass Through microscope*
HB 2.5 5 steel 125 Aluminium, bronze, copper, brass Through microscope*
HB 1.25 10 steel 125 Steel, cast iron Through microscope*
HB 30 2,5 steel 187,5 Through microscope*
* Measurement of the diagonal/diameter of the sample through the microscope

** Direct automatic in Brinnel values based on the penetration of the ball
16
(5) 3.16 Change of loads
Turn the wrench (5) till the mobile indicator (3) coincides with the
load required on the graduated scale (4).
(4)
(3) By turning the wrench anti clockwise, the loads will increase (+).
By turning the wrench clockwise, the loads will decrease (-).
The Rockwell loads are on the right. The loads on the left are
Newton values of Rockwell loads. In some versions, they can
also stand for Brinell loads.
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(4)
(3)
3.17 How to change the anvil
The standard kit is provided with 3 anvils:

The first can be used on 2 sides: it has a small rectified table on
0207R014 code one and a V groove to hold little round pieces on the other.
The other two are one with a 60 mm table and one with a 60 mm
V groove.
Choose the most appropriate one according to the shape of the
piece degrease it and insert it into the anvil hole.
After use, grease the anvil and put it away in the kit box provided.
0207R313 code
0207R015 code
Cod. 0207R329
mod. 206 only (Optional)
17
3.18 Substitution of the penetrator
Remove the base (6) pushing slightly downwards. Unscrew the

pawl (7) using the wrench (5) provided. Put the wrench pin into
the penetrator and unscrew it. Insert the new chosen penetrator
(29) and screw it in. Hold it tightly while blocking it.
Be careful: if you turn the wrench too strongly, you might break
it!
(6)
Screw the pawl tghtly, then insert the base (6).
The dowel (29) needn’t, in any case, be touched.

(7)
(See the utilization field table to choose the suitable penetrator.)
ENGLISH
(8)
(5)
18
4 Linking the tester to a data printer
The AFFRI durometers, Digitronic series, are provided with a

data transmission connector RS 232C, permitting interaction
with all printers suitable for this connection.
The signals are available on standard connector with 25 poles.
Transmission data code:

Baudrate 1200
1 Stop BIT
1 Start BIT
NO Parity
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8 Data BIT
Pin Function
2 TXT Transmitted data
25 pin connector
5 CTS Busy
7 GND Ground Mass
Starting text at every reset:

Feeding connector
AFFRI
Toler. 58.0 62.0
TEST # 01 HRC 59.2 OK
TEST # 02 HRC 59.0 OK
Mean Value HRC 59.1 OK
AFFRI
4.1 Printing of stored values
Insert a serial link cable from the printer to the connector placed
on the back of the command panel. (Verify the connections)
Set the printer on OFF/LINE to store the testing results.
Position the printer in ON/LINE.

Press the button; only the last stored data will be printed.
Press the button to print the stored data list and the
average of the values.
4.2 Deletion of stored data
If you want to delete the last found value, press the

button. This operation must be performed before printing the
values.
19
TAB 1
TAB 1 PROGRAMMING TABLE for direct reading (depend to the model)
DISPLAY TEST READING PENETRATOR LOAD NEWTON APPLICATION FIELD TIMES
SYMBOL SCALE Kgf SUGGESTED
HRA Rockwell HRA diamond 120° 60 588,6 Cemented steel > 0,7 mm 3
HRB Rockwell HRB ball 1/16" 100 981 Soft steel and non ferrous metals 3/6 *
HRC Rockwell HRC diamond 120° 150 1471,5 Hardened steel > 1,2 mm 3
HRD Rockwell HRD diamond 120° 100 981 Hardened steel > 1 mm 3
HRE Rockwell HRE ball 1/8" 100 981 Soft steel and non ferrous metals 3/6 *
HRF Rockwell HRF ball 1/16" 60 588,6 Soft steel and non ferrous metals 3/6 *
HRG Rockwell HRG ball 1/16" 150 1471,5 Soft steel and non ferrous metals 3/6 *
HRL Rockwell HRL ball 1/4" 60 588,6 Plastic 3/6 *
HRM Rockwell HRM ball 1/4" 100 981 Plastic 3/6 *
ENGLISH
HRS Rockwell HRN(15) diamond 120° 15 147 Hardened steel > 0,2 mm 3
HRS Rockwell HRN(30) diamond 120° 30 294 Hardened steel > 0,35 mm 3
30N Rockwell HRN(45) diamond 120° 45 441 Hardened steel > 0,5 mm 3
45N Rockwell HRT(15) ball 1/16" 15 147 All soft metals > 0,2 mm 3/6 *
15T Rockwell HRT(30) ball 1/16" 30 294 All soft metals > 0,35 mm 3/6 *
30T Rockwell HRT(45) ball 1/16" 45 441 All soft metals > 0,5 mm 3/6 *
HBT30S Brinell HB30 ball 2,5 mm. 187,5 1839,37 Cast iron 3/6 *
HBT30C Brinell HB30 ball 2,5 mm. 187,5 1839,37 Carbon steel 3/6 *
HBT10 Brinell HB10 ball 2,5 mm. 62,5 613,12 Light alloy, bronze 3/6 *
HBT5 copper
DIRECT CONVERSION
HB(HRB) Rockwell Brinell ball 1/16" 100 981 All soft metals 226-500 HB 3/6 *
HBS(HRC) Rockwell Brinell diamond 120° 150 1471,5 Hard steel 226-450 HB 3
HBC(HRC) Rockwell Brinell diamond 120° 150 1471,5 Hard steel > 450 HB 3
HV(HRC) Rockwell Vickers diamond 120° 150 1471,5 All steel 238-940 HV 3
R(HRB) S. Rockwell Vickers diamond 120° 15 147,15 Hardened steel 3

R Rockwell R. N mm2 ball 1/16" 100 981 Soft steel and brass 3/6 *
C15N S. Rockwell HRC diamond 120° 15 147 Hardened steel 3

30N S. Rockwell HRC diamond 120° 30 294 Hardened steel 3
C45N S. Rockwell HRC diamond 120° 45 441 Hardened steel 3
B15T S. Rockwell HRB ball 1/16" 15 147 Soft steel and non ferrous metals 3/6 *
Note: (1) You can convert Rockwell and Super Rockwell measurements to
* Use 3 seconds for high hardness materials the required scale as follows:
Use 6 seconds for low hardness materials When the value of the measurement apeears on the display,
press the button to select the conversion scale.
Then press The converted value will appear on the scale

selected. Conversion is automatically shown for subsequent
measurements. To set a new scale, select it using
20
5 Use of the tester
206 model, after having set the hardness tester for the neces-
sary tests (see table 1 and table 2), place the piece to be
examined on the suitable anvil. Then turn the handwheel (26),
the distance between piece and capsule mustn’t be less than 1
or more than 3 cm. In any case, both the lines (21-22) must be
visible.
Turn the lever (10) so as to position the floating head on the
piece. Continue to turn the lever, increasing the pressure until
the word STOP is displayed.
Hold the lever in this position until both the acoustic signal and
the red light begin to flash-light.
ENGLISH
Release the lever slowly until in resting position. The test result
will be displayed.
When the word STOP appears, the second line (22) must still
be visible.
270/330 model, after having set the hardness tester for the
necessary tests (see table 1 and table 2), place the piece to be
examined on the suitable anvil. Then turn the handwheel (18)
the distance between piece and capsule mustn’t be less than 1
or more than 3 cm. Block the handwheel (17). Both the lines (21-
22) must be visible.
Turn the lever (10) so as to position the floating head on the
piece. Continue to turn the lever, increasing the pressure until
the word STOP is displayed.
Hold the lever in this position until both the acoustic signal and
the red light begin to flash-light.
Release the lever slowly until in resting position. The test result
will be displayed.
When the word STOP appears, the second line (22) must still
be visible.
(10)
Warning!
Never carry tests out twice on the same point of the piece. Shift
the piece by at least 3 mm from the previous point.
READING
When the test result is displayed, one of the two arrows on the
right of the screen or (either the yellow one or the red one)
lights up.
It indicates the allowance field to which the values belong. (See

Setting of allowance parameters paragraph.)
21
5.1 BRAM pawl (optional)
This accessory must be used to check minor details and needs

a more accurate checking during the hardness test.
Be careful not to overload the test lever at the end of the stroke.
(7)
(27)
5.1.1 Use of the hardness tester in BRAM version
Remove the base (6). Partly screw the grid (27) on the pawl (7).
Insert the 40 mm caliper as indicated below, then pull the lever
ENGLISH
and let the pawl (7) descend until it reaches the reference level.
(6)
The penetrator must re-enter.
Holding everything in this position screw the grid (27) until
blocked.
To use the hardness tester in normal version, proceed in
reverse order.
(27) 40 mm
Caliper
(7)
22
(9) 5.2 Blockage of long pieces (206 series)
To block the piece, turn the handwheel (26) till the head (9) has
completely re-entered. In this way the piece to be tested is
blocked. By doing it manually, you can reach the maximum
strength of 400 Kgf.
Once the piece has been blocked, move the lever as usual and
carry out the test.
Unblock the piece by turning the handwheel (26) and take it out.
5.3 Blockage of long pieces (270/330 series)

(18)
ENGLISH
Unblock the handwheel (17) and turn it (18) till the head has
completely re-entered. In this way the piece to be tested is
(17) blocked. By doing it manually, you can reach the maximum
strength of 400 Kgf.
(9) Block the handwheel (17), then move the lever as usual and
carry out the test.
Unblock the piece, doing the reverse operation. Then, extract
the piece.
23
5.4 Assembling the anvil holder

(only for 270/330 series)
(6)
Put the holder (20) on the instrument table. Insert the pad (28)
into the central hole and attach the locking base (6) to it. Block
the base anchor screw, take the pad off and insert the anvil for
(28) the test.
Anchor
screw
(20)
ENGLISH
5.6 Assembling of ART plate (optional)
It is advisable to use the plate when the instrument base is used

frequently to support the pieces to be tested. Position the plate
directly over the instrument base and fix it with the screws
provided (as shown in the picture).
24
6 Preparation of the surface to be

tested
The accuracy of the measurement depends mainly on the

roughness of the surface under examination.
The better the finish of the piece, the greater the reading
accuracy will be. The best roughness is Ra < 0,3 µm.
Never carry out tests on raw surfaces as in this way, only the
scale will be tested and not the material, and there is the risk of
damaging the penetrator.
If possible, either grind the surface, or smooth the surface with
ENGLISH
tools taking care not to overheat the metal, then by using emery
cloth, polish the side to be tested.
A few square millimetres, where the penetrator and piece
presser guide lay, will be enough.
If the piece cannot be polished, so as not to damage the surface,

carry out at least 3 tests, then average.
Vickers and Brinell tests need a bright surface.
The distance among the tests should be enough (2/3 mm for

loads up to 150 Kg). For greater loads, the distance must be 5
mm minimum.
The surface under test must be parallel with that opposite.

During the test the piece must lie still, otherwise, repeat the test
taking care that the piece is steady enough.
With models of the RS series it is possible to block the piece with

a 400 Kg. torque. In this case the piece lies perfectly still. (see
Blockage of long pieces paragraph)
Accurately clean the surface under test by removing oil, grease

and rust. Every 1000 tests clean the penetrator, and if a ball
penetrator is used, replace it.
25
7 Selection of the testing load,

(according to the thickness of the piece)
A proper load is necessary to obtain valid and precise results.

To find them, follow this simple rule:
1° measure the thickness of the piece to be tested

2° estimate the approximate hardness of the piece.
N.B. You must evaluate the thickness of the piece-testing part.

Should the piece have been treated or hardened, the surface
thickness considered is that of the tested part, not of the whole
piece.
If the piece has been tempered, consider the thickness of the

ENGLISH
whole piece.
In the following tables you will find some diagrams, each of them
corresponding to a different kind of test.
Example:
The test sample has a thickness of 1 mm and an approximate

hardness of 60 HRC. If you look for the crossing between HRC
values and mm., you will find out that your test is valid since the
minimum allowed thickness is 0,8 mm.
26
DIAGRAM OF MINIMUM ALLOWED THICKNESS FOR HARDNESS

MEASUREMENT
Minimum allowed thickness for sample

ENGLISH
Hardness scale Hardness scale
Hardness scale
27
Some tests which may be carry out

Digitronic 206 RSD - 330 RSD - 270 RSD
TAB 2
INSTRUMENT PREPARING FOR EVERY READING SCALE APPLICATION FIELD
HARDNESS LOAD PENETRATOR

SCALE
Rockwell
HRC * 150 Diamond 120° Hardened steel > 1,2 mm.
ENGLISH
HRD * 100 Diamond 120° Hardened steel > 1 mm.

HRA * 60 Diamond 120° Cemented steel > 0,7 mm.
HRB * 100 Ball Ø 1/16" Soft steel and non ferrous metals
HRF * 60 Ball Ø 1/16" Soft steel and non ferrous metals
HRG * 150 Ball Ø 1/16" Soft steel and non ferrous metals
Brinell
HB 30 * 187,5 Ball Ø 2,5 mm. Cast iron
HB:30 * 187,5 Ball Ø 2,5 mm. Carbon steel
HB 10 * 62,5 Ball Ø 2,5 mm. Light alloy bronze copper
HB 5 125 Ball Ø 5 mm. Light alloy bronze copper
Vickers
HV 60 60 Diamond 136° For all metals
(*) AFFRI digitronic hardness scales (other measurement

scales, shown on page 18, may be supplied upon request).
Any other scale is found using the microscope.
When the utilization field is identical, choose the suitable load

according to the thickness of the piece to be tested. See
minimum thickness diagram.
28
Some tests which may be carry out

Digitronic 206 SD - 330 SD - 270 SD
TAB 2.1
INSTRUMENT PREPARING FOR EVERY READING SCALE APPLICATION FIELD
HARDNESS LOAD PENETRATOR

SCALE
Rockwell
HR 15 N * 15 Diamond 120° Hardened steel > 0,2 mm.
ENGLISH
HR 15 T * 15 Ball Ø 1/16" For all soft metals > 0,2 mm.
Brinell
HB 30 30 Ball Ø 1 mm. For soft ferrous metals > 0,8 mm.
HB 5 31,2 Ball Ø 2,5 mm. For aluminium copper bronze
HB 2,5 15,6 Ball Ø 2,5 mm. For pure aluminium, soft material
Vickers
HV 15 15 Diamond 136° For hardened metals > 0,8 mm.
(*) AFFRI digitronic hardness scales (other measurement

scales, shown on page 18, may be supplied upon request).
Any other scale is found using the microscope.
When the utilization field is identical, choose the suitable load

according to the thickness of the piece to be tested. See
minimum thickness diagram.
29
8 Notes for correct hardness-tester

operation
● The stroke is 30-40 mm. maximum. Do not use the instru-

ment at the limit of the stroke as this may be insufficient to
start the test cycle.
The first line (21) between the locking of the piece and the
surface must be visible.
The floating head stroke must be of 1 or 2 cm. Vary it
frequently. In case of a series of tests, alter the height from
time to time to allow a correct lubrication of the parts.
● Be sure the test piece is tightly fixed on the anvil and its
ENGLISH
surface is perpendicular to the penetrator.
● Be sure the piece is parallel to the holding base.

Be sure that both penetrator and load are suitable for the
test. (See table, page 18.)
● Remember to screw the back sliding block up in 270 and

330 models.
● Clean the surface of the piece removing oil, rust and any
trace of roughness. The upper surface to be examined must
be as smooth as possible. The best would be a roughness
of <Ra 0,3 µm. (the hardness tester measures the penetra-
tion depth so if the surface to be measured is rough this can
influence the test).
● Clean all the surfaces of the calibration test, the anvil and the
penetrator carefully. You should use a cloth dampened with
petrol or alcohol removing oil or grease. Be sure the surface
has no indentation on it, or the test results won’t be correct.
● Use the calibration test only on the engraved surface. Each

test must distance the previous mark by at least 3 times and
3 mm. from the sample edges.
● Should the measurements not be known for certain, carry

out some tests on the test sample supplied as equipment.
Should the measurements be incorrect, carry out tests with
another scale, test sample and penetrator, and if in this case
the rates obtained are correct, replace the penetrator of the
first scale. Request the spare part from the factory.
● The penetrator must always be in good condition in order to

obtain the best results, carry out some tests on the samples
supplied. Should the measurements be incorrect, ask for a
new original penetrator. You will avoid damaging your instru-
ment!
30
● Never use the hardness tester without the piece press,

unless it has already been set up for this function.
● Do not vary the testing load to correct the calibration.
8.1 Display segments check control
By pressing the button all segments shall appear as

showed below. If some segments do not appear, please contact
our technical service for repair.
ENGLISH
9 Calibration
● Check the tester calibration by the checking sample pro-

vided. 2 or 3 tests will be sufficient. The hardness tester is
calibrated when the results don’t exceed the tolerance of the
INTERNATIONAL CALIBRATIONS VALUE TABLE RATES.
If this is not the case, replace the penetrator - always ask for
original parts if you want to avoid damaging the internal
components of your instrument and to obtain precise and
guaranteed values.
31
10 Maintenance
● AFFRI hardness testers don’t require any special care.

Nevertheless you must follow the listed precautions in order
to obtain precise and reliable tests:
● Check the hardness tester calibration every 500 tests. Carry

out some tests on the test sample.
● Check the penetrator every 500 tests, looking carefully

through it with a magnifying lens. If you find any irregularity,
it will be necessary to return the penetrator to our company
to regrind it.
ENGLISH
● Clean the penetrator and its guide every 500 tests using a
cloth.
● Once a month, lubricate the guides with oil. (don’t overdo it!)
● Put the sample tests away in their supplied boxes.
● Every 1000 tests, clean the penetrator and the locking piece
with a cloth. Should the looking point be worn, ask for a new
one. Do not grind the point: as this can cause an inaccurate
reference for the internal cycle.
32
USER'S GUIDE
Hardness information
ENGLISH
33
ENGLISH
34
AFFRI Hardness testers
Affri’s durometers comply with the international 6508 ISO

standard for establishing hardness according to the Rockwell
method. It also can generate Brinell and Vickers print in compli-
ance with 6506 ISO and 6507 ISO standard.
Rockwell
The Rockwell method is the most used for its speed in determin-
ing the result, which is obtained directly on the display in the
ENGLISH
Digitronic-version, and on a mechanic dial in the RT and RS
versions.
Brinell
This method is limited to soft materials (i.e. not hardened) and
requires a more accurate preparation of the surface under
examination. The reading is possible through a microscope,
which enlarges the print obtained. On the other hand, AFFRI’s
durometer allows quick Brinell measures to be taken without the
need of the microscope. For its use, follow the instructions
given.
Vickers
This method is more complicated than the Brinell method as the
surface under examination has to be perfectly polished.
The hardness test is obtained through a microscope-reading of
the square-based print diagonals left by the 136° diamond
penetrator. No other ways of obtaining these ratings are possi-
ble.
For additional information on test methods, consult the stand-

ards:
ISO 6506 for Brinell tests

ISO 6508 for Rockwell tests
ISO 1024 for superficial Rockwell tests
ISO 6507 for Vickers tests
35
Rockwell
The Rockwell method is suitable for all metals
Hardened and case-hardened steels
Use 120° diamond penetrator:
150 Kg. for HRC thickness > 1.2 mm

100 Kg. for HRD thickness > 1 mm
60 Kg for HRA thickness > 0.7 mm
15 Kg. for HR15 N for thin thickness > 0.2 mm

ENGLISH

Soft steels, iron, annealed metals, cast irons,

aluminium, bronze, copper.
Use 1/16" ball penetrator; test load
100 Kg. for HRB for soft steels, annealed steel,

iron, bronze
60 Kg. for HRF for pure aluminium, soft metals
150 Kg for HRG for cast iron and hard bronze
15 Kg. for HR15 T for thin thickness > 0.2 mm

HRA / HRB / HRC / HRD / HRF / HRG / HRN / HRT / these are
the reading scales according to the presetting of the hardness
tester.
Any hardness rating which has been read can be easily changed
to another hardness scale by following the hardness conversion
table supplied for the use of every instrument.
For example, if the figure is 30 on the HRC scale, this corre-

sponds to 65.5 of the HRA scale, or 298 on Brinell’s scale.
Indication of obtained results.

In compliance with international ISO 6507 standards, you must
indicate the results of your test as following:
ISO 6508
HRC 60 = Rockwell hardness 60, under a load of 150 Kg.
ISO 1024
HR15N90 = Rockwell surface hardness, under a load of 15 Kg
and diamond penetrator 120°.
36
Brinell
The Brinell method is suitable for soft metals, non ferrous

metals and cast irons
Some AFFRI durometer versions are also preset for direct

Brinell’s measurement. (The test loads: 15.6 - 31.2 - 30 - 125
- 187.5 are supplied according to the model chosen.)
Simply equip the instrument with a 1 mm or 2.5 mm penetrator
with its suitable calibration sample and the 1216 microscope.
After having set up both the penetrator and the sample, see 2
and 2.1 tables.
ENGLISH
Test the piece and measure the print diagonal using our 1216
microscope. Consult the Brinell tests table to convert the
obtained value into Brinell figures.
For quick and comparative measurements, some models are

provided with commonly used scales which can be obtained in
digital versions:
HB30 with 187.5 load

HB10 with 62.5 load
Cast irons
Use 2.5 ball penetrator with load:
187.5 K g. for HB30
Non ferrous metals (aluminium, bronze, brass)
Use 2.5 ball penetrator with load:
62.5 Kg for HB 10
On dial versions read the scales on the black dial from 0 to 100
as in the Rockwell test convert, then, the obtained value in
Brinell figures, carrying out the direct reading of the Brinell
tables.
37
Very soft non ferrous metals (pure aluminium)
Use 5 ball penetrator with load:
125 Kg. for HB 5
For example, if we use a 62.5 Kg. load 2.5 mm penetrators the

figure on the comparator will be 40, which corresponds to 50.2
Brinell HB10. Some tables are shown below, one for each type
of material.
HB5 - HB10 - HB30: these are Brinell’s hardness scales which

show the Brinell ratio.
ENGLISH
Indication of obtained results.

ISO 6506
HBW 2,5 - 187,5 - 200 HB Brinell hardness
Test load 187.5
Widia ball Ø W 2.5
Obtained value = 200.
38
Vickers
Use Vickers method only when indispensable
For the Vickers' method only one penetrator is required.
136° pyramidal diamond for all types of metals: both hardened

and soft.
This diamond can be used with a large range of loads: 1 gr to

120 Kg. according to the thickness of the piece being tested and
its estimated hardness.
In order to protect the sharp corners of the diamond penetrator,
ENGLISH
exercise the greatest care when carrying out the test, and using
a lapping machine or a diamond paste, carefully smooth the
surface.
By using our hardness tester with the loads supplied, Vickers'

prints can be obtained.
With special equipment prepare the surface under examination.

If tests with loads exceeding 45 Kg be carried out.
the surface can be prepared with emery cloth of varying grains
and a 500 grain emery cloth has to be used for the final polishing,
until the surface is smooth, that is, without pits.
After making the print on the material being tested, a print survey
must be made.
Our MIBRI 1216 microscope has a micrometric scale with more

than 90° rotation for reading the two opposite diagonals of the
Vickers’s print.
The light supplied with the microscope will remove any marks
from the test piece and will enhance the definition of the
indentation.
Indication of obtained results

200 HV30 = Vickers hardness 200 with 294.3 N (30 Kg) testing
load.
39
Glossary
Penetrator
The penetrator is a point with the shape and size designed to

indent the material under examination by applying a load.
These are manufactured in different sizes and shapes, each

one of which is type-tested according to these different test
methods: Rockwell, Brinell, Vickers. They are fixed to the
instrument by a thread.
With the Rockwell method the following penetrators

ENGLISH
are used:
● 120° CONIC DIAMOND for all hardened steels

● 1/16" BALLS for nearly all soft metals, annealed steels, cast
irons, aluminium alloy, bronze, etc.
● 1/8" BALL for plastic materials
These devices can be used with test loads of 15 - 30 - 45 - 60

100 - 150 Kgf. The first form superficial Rockwell scales (na-
mely: Super Rockwell scale), while the 60 - 100 - 150 loads form
the STANDARD ROCKWELL SCALES.
Brinell method uses the following penetrators:
● Ø 10 mm BALL
● Ø 5 mm BALL
● Ø 2.5 mm BALL
● Ø 1 mm BALL
Each one of these must be used with the appropriate loads,

which are calculated with a formula and according to the
thickness of the piece to be examined.
The ball must have a preset ratio with the test load of 2.5 - 5 -
10 - 30 square D. (D is the square ball diameter.)
Test load
This is the force applied to the penetrator which allows penetra-

tion in the material being tested.
40
Reading scale
These are the hardness degrees obtained after penetrating the

material by means of a penetrator and a test load.
Anvil
The piece-holder can be of different sizes and shapes: “V”

shapes for round pieces; flat, for flat pieces.
Handwheel
ENGLISH
This is used for lowering or raising the anvil-holder screw which
changes the serviceable port and brings the piece being tested
to the penetrator.
Calibration test sample
This is the reference mark for checking the machine’s perfect

calibration: it is manufactured with a special alloy submitted to
special treatment. Regulations forbid regrinding used, pitted
surfaces or taking measurements on the side opposite the
pitted surface.
On Rockwell samples the distance between tests must at least

be 2 mm. On Brinell samples it must at least be as big as the
previous print diameter.
When the samples are full of marks, ask our firm for new original
ones.
41
How to find defects and eliminate them
Defect Probable cause Correction
Pushing button the dis- Electrical power supply defec- Check the power line. Check the input con-
tive nector to the hardness tester
play does not light up
During a measurement, the Test data is not confirmed Push and buttons
number on the display doesn’t
change
ENGLISH
During the test the word STOP Floating head excessive am- Diminish the gap between the test piece
is not displayed plitude and the press. Turn the handwheel (18)(26)
untill the press touches the place. At this
point both the lines (21 ane 22) should be
visible and the word STOP should appear
on the screen
Not enough pressure on com- Raise the pressure. It must be noticeable

mand lever on the spring
Missing reference (7) Extract the piece press and check. See
assembling of penetrator, on the User’s
guide (3.8)
Miscalibration of photoelectric See check reading scale

cell
During measurement the Out of scale The hardness of the piece is higher than the
value: maximum value of the scale. (See employ-
100 appears under HRC ment field table and repeat the test)
130 appears under HRB
or 9999 for all scale
Measuring head excessive See above paragraph
amplitude
The penetrator has not been (See assembling of penetrator on the Us-
inserted er’s guide)
Defect in the reading scale This could happen during a test without
piece-press. (See User’s guide)
42
Defect Probable cause Correction
The value 999.9 appears un- Out of scale The hardness of the piece is higher than
der Brinell scale the maximum value of the scale. (See
employment field table on the User’s
guide and repeat the test)
Defect in the reading scale This could happen during a test without
piece-press. (See User’s guide)
ENGLISH
Diamond penetrator breakes Wide stroke of the floating head Check the handwheel (17), it could be
easily unscrewed. (See this manual)
Penetrator misalignment to the Check the penetrator centering. (See

round surface to be examined Assembling of anvil base in the User’s
guide)
The piece is not correctly posi- Verify that the piece face is flat and
tioned on the base or on the anvil eliminate any indentation of metal shav-
ing. In case of tests close to edges,
stirrup the piece before the measure-
ment
The results are not up to ex- The instrument is not correctly See the User’s guide and make sure
pectations used that all elements are correctly used
(scale, load, penetrator, pre-load, test-
ing time)
The penetrator could be worn Carry out 3 tests on test piece. If the
values are always different, the pen-
etrator must be replaced. Always use
original spare parts to maintain the va-
lidity of the warranty!
43
Spare parts list 330/270 RS models
VRTP125IA
VITER330 00UB23980
VITER270
SI1377010
0330R676
0270R676
1005R068
ENGLISH
0330R674
0270R674
TCCE2030
0330R357
1005R087
001280M12
1010R000
1020R000
1005R000
0330R361 1015R000
1025R000
1035R000
0330R673
0270R673 1005R001
0330R675 0330R331
0270R675
0330R677
0270R677
44
Spare parts list 206 RS model
00UB23980
SI1377010
1005R068
ENGLISH
TCCE2030
1005R087
1010R000
1020R000
1005R000
1015R000
1025R000
1035R000
LEFT panel 870 1005R000
RIGHT panel 871
O207R009 1005R001
O207R008 O207TIP55
O207R007 O207TYRAP
TS 3x10 screw
128080M12
LEFT FLAP DOOR 872 BEARING

RIGHT FLAP DOOR 873 SKF 51100
screw R207
0207Roo6
UTCCE6x15
45
OPTIONS CODE DESCRIPTION
0207R010 HRC TEST BLOCK

0207R012 HRB TEST BLOCK
0207R017 HR 30N TEST BLOCK
0207R018 HR 30T TEST BLOCK
0207R313 "V" ANVIL

ENGLISH
0207R014 COMBINED SPOT FLAT + "V" ANVIL
0207R015 FLAT ANVIL
0207R329 LARGE FLAT ANVIL
SUPSC000 ADJUSTABLE SUPPORT
0333R084 CENTERING DEVICE FOR SUPPORT
46
OPTIONS CODE DESCRIPTION
ENGLISH
47

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Automatic RSD Series H A R D N E S S T E S T E R

Copyright O.M.A.G. 1993

OMAG believes that the following instructions are accurate and

OMAG has the copyright on all the information in this manual.

OMAG has the right to modify the specifications of its products

are registred trade marks

MODEL 206 RSD 206 SD

MODEL 330 RSD 270 RSD 330 SD 270 SD

Contents of the accessories kit (standard version):

n° 1 - 120° penetrator for Rockwell on hardened steel at 150,

n° 2 - calibration test samples (HRC and HRB)

External items of the kit:

n° 1 - hard board showing the conversion of all hardness

SERIAL N°: __________________________________

CALIBRATION CODES: ________________________

· Unscrew the bolts on the bottom of the box

· Pull the rivets out of the bottom part of the walls

· Remove the horizontal stay on the hardness tester

· Remove the container

· Put the instrument on the table.

· Degrease the metallic parts with petrol

Mod. 206 parts references

2 RS232C data output

3 Test load mobile selector

4 4 Available loads scale

2 9 23 Instrument identification plate

25 Anvil holder screw

Mod. 330/270 parts references

4 Available loads scale

5 Wrench to select tested loads

21 First line end of stroke

35 Left side covering panel

● 220 Volts 50/60 Hz

3 New electronic panel

3.1 ON / OFF electrical line

↵ This button OFF the line of the tester.

push ↵ and digitize the minumum acceptable value, push

3.4 Scale SEL

Select desired scale.

ROUND MEM MC 3.10 Mem ON-OFF

ROUND MEM MC 3.13 MC

PROGRAMMING TABLE for direct reading (depend to the model)

SYMBOL PENETRATOR PRE- LOAD APPLICATION FIELD MEASUREMENT

* Measurement of the diagonal/diameter of the sample through the microscope

(5) 3.16 Change of loads

3.17 How to change the anvil

The standard kit is provided with 3 anvils:

3.18 Substitution of the penetrator

Remove the base (6) pushing slightly downwards. Unscrew the

The dowel (29) needn’t, in any case, be touched.

4 Linking the tester to a data printer

The AFFRI durometers, Digitronic series, are provided with a

The signals are available on standard connector with 25 poles.

Transmission data code:

Starting text at every reset:

4.1 Printing of stored values

Set the printer on OFF/LINE to store the testing results.

Position the printer in ON/LINE.

4.2 Deletion of stored data

If you want to delete the last found value, press the

R(HRB) S. Rockwell Vickers diamond 120° 15 147,15 Hardened steel 3

C15N S. Rockwell HRC diamond 120° 15 147 Hardened steel 3

Then press The converted value will appear on the scale

5 Use of the tester