GRAMMATICA INGLESE

Aggettivi possessivi Pronomi personali Articolo determinativo

My I The (il lo la gli le i)

Your You Non si usa per

His He  Pasti
 Sport
Her She
 Colori
Its It  Anni
 Titoli e nomi parenti
Your we
(mr/mrs/doctor, aunt,
Our You uncle…)
 Giorni mesi anni stagioni
Their They
 Con genitivo sassone
 Nomi che indicano
categorie generali

Articoli indeterminativi Question words

Avverbi di frequenza
An/A (un uno una) What? Che cosa?
Never Mai
An si usa per Why? Perché?
Seldom Raramente
 Parole che iniziano per Who? Chi?
vocale When? Quando? Sometimes qualche volta
 Parole che iniziano con H Where? Dove? Usually di solito
muta EX: “Hour” Which? Quali?
Often spesso
A si usa per How? Come?
Whose? Di chi? Always sempre
 Parole che iniziano per
consonante Si usano per fare Gli avverbi di frequenza
 Parole che iniziano per domande e vanno vanno fra nome e verbo
vocale che ha suono all’inizio della frase tranne con il to be che vanno
consonantico IU EX: a dopo il verbo
Euro

Aggettivi dimostrativi
 This questo/a
 These questi/e
 That quello/a
 Those quelli/e
Preposizioni
Aggettivi e avverbi di quantità
Of Di
 Much/many/a lot of/ very
 A lot (avv) molto/tanto At(stato in
 Few/little poco/pochi luogo)/To(movimento
 More più verso un luogo) A
 Less meno From Da
 Some/any alcuni/alcune dei/delle
 Enough abbastanza In In
 Almost quasi With Con

For Per
 Avverbi di Luogo
VERBI
Here Qui
Si dividono in:
There Lì
 Ordinari sono divisi in regolari e irregolari
In front of Davanti
 Ausiliari: To Be, To Do, To Have
Behind Dietro
In inglese esistono 6 modi:
Near Vicino
 Indicativo
 Imperativo Far Distante
 Condizionale
Inside Dentro
 Infinito
 Gerundio Outside Fuori
 Participio
On (appoggiato) above (se
Mentre esistono 3 tempi: no è appoggiato) Sopra
 Semplici (simple tenses) Under Sotto
 Progressivi (continuous tenses)
 Perfetti (perfect tenses)

To be present To be negative To be question

I am I am not Am i

You ae You are not Are you

He is He is not Is he

She is She is not Is she

It is It is not Is it

We are We are not Are we

You are You aare not Are you

They are They are not Are they

Il verbo ausiliario To Do serve per fare la forma negativa e interrogativa dei verbi ordinari

To do Present Negative form Interrogative form

I do I do not + verbo all’infinito Do i + verbo all’infinito

You do you do not + verbo all’infinito Do you + verbo all’infinito

She/he/it does She/he/it does not + verbo all’infinito Does she/he/it + verbo all’infinito

We do We do not + verbo all’infinito Do we + verbo all’infinito

You do You do not + verbo all’infinito Do you + verbo all’infinito

They do They do not + verbo all’infinito Do they + verbo all’infinito

In inglese in un verbo al tempo presente alla terza persona si aggiunge la -s, se il verbo termina per -o, -s, -x,
-ch, -sh si aggiunge -es

Il verbo avere in inglese si esprime con to have e to have got il secondo viene uato solo al presente per
indicare possesso di qualcosa.

Present to have Negative form Interrogative form

I have I don’t have Do i have
You have You don’t have Do you have
She has She doesn’t have Does she have
He has He doesn’t have Does he have
It has It doesn’t have Does it have
We have We don’ have Do we have
You have You don’t have Do you have
They have They don’t have Do they have

Present to have got Negative form Interrogative form

I have got I have not got Have i got

You have got You have not got Have you got

She has got She has not got Has she got

He has got He has not got Has he got

It has got It has not got Has it got

We have got We have not got Have we got

You have got You have not got Have you got

They have got They have not got Have they gotn
 Present continuous

What do you do? (simple present)

Whate are you doing? (Present continuous)

What are you usually eat? (simple present)

What are you eating? (Present continuous)

Il present simple si usa per azioni che facciamo abitualmente, mentre il present continuous si usa per azioni
che sono in corso di svolgimento Ex: i’m walking, i’m working

Si usa il presnte continuous per indicare anche azioni future che sono già state programmate, quindi per
chiarezza sarà accompagnato da un’espressone temporale. Ex: i’m leaving tommorow

Negative form

Soggetto + am/are/is not + verbo-ing

Interrogative form

Am/are/is + soggetto+ verbo-ing

Past simple

Si usa per azioni he si sono svolte e concluse nel passato

Verbi ausiliari

I was I was not Was I

You were You were not Were You

He was He was not Was He

She was She was not Was She

It was It was not Was it

We were We were not Were We

You were You were not Were You

They were They werw not Were they

I verbi ordinari si dividono in due categorie:

regolari

irregolari

 per formare i verbi regolari si aggiunge -ed alla fine del verbo

i cooked

you cooked

he she it cooked

we cooked

you cooked

they cooked

 la forma negativa si forma con did not

i din’t cook

 la forma interrogativa si forma con did

did you cook yesterday?

To bring brought brought Portare
To sell sold Sold
To leave left Left
To feel felt Felt
To buy bought Bought
To send Sent sent Spedire/mandare
To spend spent Spent Spendere
To build Built built
To lose lost Lost
To make Made made Fare
To say said Said Dire
To tell Told told Dire/raccontare
To get got Got Ottenere/diventare
To meet Met met
To find found Found
To think thought Thought
To stand stood Stood Stare in piedi
To win Won won
To pay paid Paid
To drive drove Driven
To break Broke Broken
To write wrote Written
To speak spoke Spoken
To steal stole Stolen rubare
To shake shook Shaken
To fall fell Fallen
To take took Taken prendere
To give gave Given dare
To eat ate Eaten
To see saw Seen
To know knew Known
To throw threw Throw gettare
To fly flew Flown
To go went Gone
To drink drank Drunk
To run ran Run
To come came come
To cost cost cost
To put put Put
To read Read read
To cut Cut Cut
 Aggettivi

L’aggettivo precede sempre il sostantivo

Comparativo

Maggioranza

 Se l’aggettivo è monosillabico o bisillabico si aggiunge -er, l’altro soggetto che si mette a paragone è
introdotto da than

A car is faster than a bike

 Se l’aggettivo ha più di due sillabe si antepone more

That shoes are more expensive than that bag

 Per i nomi invece si forma con more e than

She watches more tv than you

Uguaglianza

 Si forma con as..as per gli aggettivi e gli avverbi

She i sas clever as you

Do you speak english as well as james?

 Per i sostantivi con as much… as se è al singolare

I drink as much water as you

 Per i sostantivi plurali si forma con as many..as

He writes as many letters as Fabio

 Nel caso dei verbi si forma con as much…as

We don’t walk as much as you

Superlativo relativo

 Si forma aggiungendo -est se l’aggettivo è monosillabico o bisillabico. Davanti al superlativo ci vuole

il THE

He is the youngest

 Se l’aggettivo è più lungo di due sillabe si antepone most

They are the most intelligent

Superlativo assoluto
Si forma aggiungendo very davanti all’aggettivo

They very tall sono altissimi

Pronomi personale oggetto

Me me mi

You te ti

Him lui gli lo

Her lei le la

It gli lo la le

Us noi ci

You voi vi

Them loro il le

Pronomi possessivi

Mine mio/a miei/mie

Yours tuo/a/oi/e

His sua/o/oi/e (di lui)

Hers sua/o/oi/e (di lei)

Its sua/o/oi/e (cose)

Ours nostro/i/e/a

Yours vostro/i/e/a

Theirs loro

Preposizioni di movimento

Into dentro

Out of fuori da

On sopra

Off fuori/via da/giù

Across attraverso

Through attraverso

Under sotto

Above sopra
Below sotto

Over sopra/oltre

Up su

Down giù

Chiedere l’ora

What time is it?

Have you got the time?

What’s time please?

Mezz’ora half an hour

Un quarto d’ora a quarter “of an hour” (ten p.m…. one a.m…)

Ora spacata o’clock

Mezzogiorno midday

Mezzanotte midnight

It’s ten past two p.m. (14:10) it’s twenty past ten a.m. (10:20) it’s a quoter past ten p.m. (22.15)

It’s half past eleven p.m. (23:30)

It’s twenty-five to three p.m. (14:35)

It’s a quoter to two p.m. (13:45)