Sonde

PROBE SELECTION GUIDE
by Massimiliano De Luigi - iz4kjs@tiscali.it AND SalvatoreGiarratana-labx@yahoo.it
PROBE SELECTION GUIDE by Massimiliano
De Luigi - iz4kjs@tiscali.it AND salvatoregiarratana-labx@yahoo.it
LEGENDA
Tipo simbolo massa atomica carica velocit capacit ioniz. range in aria range in tessuto fermato da Alpha 4 +2 bassa alta 3 cm 0,04 mm Foglio carta Beta 1/1840 -1 o +1 alta media 3m 5 mm mm alluminio Gamma 0 0 vel. Luce 0 elevato elevato cm piombo ( CPM/mR/hr * 60min/h ) CC=______________________ 0.001 R/mR come esempio una sonda Pancake Ludlum44/9 con sensibilit 3300CPM/mR/hr CC=(3300 x 60)/0.001 = 19.8*107cont/R sugli strumenti segnato con: cc= 19.8+07 DT - tempo morto, correzione statistica, tempo di insensibilit sonda, importante solo per alti valori di impulsi (reperibile dal costruttore)
PRODUCER
MODEL
PROBE
OPERATING VOLTAGE HV
CC
DT us Pu 239 - 4P
+ cpm/mR/hr Cs137
Co60
PROBE AREA cm2
superficie area sensibile produttore modello tipo sonda (Volt) la sonda risponde in maniera diversa in base alla tensione di alimentazione ed in funzione degli isotopi presenti. nella figura 4.1 sono schematizzate le 6 regioni operative alfa beta gamma (microsecondi) Costante di calibrazione
A- L'EFFICIENZA DI UNA SONDA CON SORGENTI ALPHA E MAX 15% B- EFFICIENZA BETA E' RILEVABILE CON LA SEGUENTE FORMULA: ( CPM misurati - CPM fondo ) Ef %= ________________________ * 100 DPM sorgente campione
Legge dell'inverso dei quadrati della distanza esempio: misuriamo 10 millirem/ora a 10 cm dalla sorgente , la misura a 20 cm di distanza sar 2,5 millirem/ora calcolando la dose a 20 cm = 10 mrem/hr x (10 cm/20 cm)2 = 2.5 mrem/hr quindi piccoli cambiamenti di distanza dalla sorgente corrispondono in grandi cambiamenti dell'intensit di esposizione
last update 15/11/2010 pagina 2 di 32
Nuclear Radiation Detectors Scheme of detection of energetic charged particles Detection method Detector type Ionization Chambers Gases Semi-conductors Detection of Free Charge Carriers Proportional counters Geiger-Muller counters and Avalanche counter Scintillation Detectors Light Sensing Cerenkov Detectors Detection of free Charge Carriers + Light sensing Hybrid Detectors Inorganic Crystals Organic Liquids and plastic Noble elements Gases Liquids of noble elements Gases
Di S.S. Kapoor,V. Ramamurthy tipo sigla ICH Si Ge hotdog endwindow thinwall sidewall pancake miniature alogen HDO EWI TWA SWA PCA MIN ALO
Detection medium
Condensed forms of noble elements
Gases, Trasparent liquids and solids Gases, and liquids of noble elements (Argon, Xenon)
Track Etch Detector Track Visualization
Minirals Glass Plastic
Radioisotope Sodium-22
Half-Life 2.6 yr
Significant Radiations 0.54 MeV positron; 0.51 and 1.27 MeV gammas Various low energy x-rays and Auger electrons (<6 keV) Gammas (< than 0.13 MeV)
Comments high beta and gamma dose rates Beta dose Gamma dose rate rate at 30 cm from at 30 cm from source* source (millirem/hr (millirem/hr per millicurie) per millicurie) Radioisotope Sodium-22 370 13.3
Iron-55
2.7 yr
does not present a significant external hazard
Cobalt-57
271.8 days
Cobalt-60
5.3 yr
0.31 MeV beta; 1.17 and 1.33 MeV gammas 0.066 MeV beta
high beta and gamma dose rates Cobalt-57 0 0.94
Nickel-63
100 yr
does not present a significant external hazard Cobalt-60 48 14,4 decays to short-lived Y-90; very high beta dose rates Strontium-90 740 0 decays to short-lived Ba-133m Cesium-137 777 4.1
Strontium-90
29.1 yr
0.54 MeV beta from Sr-90; 2.26 MeV beta from Y-90 0.51 MeV beta; 0.661 gamma from Ba-133m 5.3 MeV alpha
Cesium-137
30.1 yr
Polonium-210
138.4 days
does not present a significant external hazard decays to Rn-222, with a long decay chain following decays to long-lived Np-237, decaying in turn to Pa-233 and U-233. Alpha emissions are the greatest concern.
Radium-226
1600 yr
4.8 MeV alpha; various alphas, betas and gammas from decay products 5.6 MeV alpha; various alphas, betas and gammas from decay products
Americium241
432.7 yr
Americium241 0 0,56 *Keep in mind that the annual skin dose limit is 50,000 mrem. Working for extended periods in close proximity with certain radioisotopes can lead to large doses.
vedi sito http://www.ehs.washington.edu/rsotrain/sealedsources/workingsafely.shtm
SPESSORE DI ATTENUAZIONE AD UN DECIMO PER DIVERSI NUCLIDI/MATERIALI materiale Densit in g/cm3 Co 60 Cs 137 Ir 192 piombo 11,34 4 cm 2,1 cm 1,7 cm Vetro al Piombo Variabile, 47/ cm 32/ cm 25/ cm Ferro 7,8 7 cm 5,5 cm 4,5 cm Calcestruzzo calcestruzzo al Bario 3,2 16 cm 12 cm 10 cm 2,3 22 cm 17 cm 14 cm mattoni 1,4 36 cm 28 cm 23 cm
SI Sistema Internazionale Gray
Sievert
Becquerel
GRANDEZZE DOSIMETRICHE E DI ATTIVIT abbreviazione Usato per misurare Gy - dose assorbita (equivalente al rad) - 1Gy = ! joule per Kg di materia - 1 Gy = 100 rad Sv - dose equivalente (equivalente al rem) - 1 Sv = Gy x Q - 1 Sv = 100 rem Bq - radioattivit (equivalente al Ci) - 1 Bq = 1 disintegrazione/secondo - 3,7x1010 Bq = 37 billion Bq = 1 Ci abbreviazione Usato per misurare R - esposizione (obsoleta) - misura la quantit di ionizzazione in aria - 1 R = 2,58x10-4 coulomb x Kg di aria secca rad - dose assorbita di energia da qualsiasi materiale - 1 rad = 100 erg per grammo di materia - dose equivalente a danno biologico in tessuto umano - rem = rad x Q (fattore di qualit) - Q = 1 raggi X , fino a 20 per neutroni o alfa - radioattivit - 1 Bq = 1 disintegrazione/secondo - 1 Ci quantit di materia che emette 3,7x10 10 dis/sec Un piccolo esempio per comprendere la differenza fra le varie unit di misura: Immagina di essere sotto la pioggia, la quantit di pioggia caduta si misura in Becquerel, la quantit di pioggia che colpisce misurata in Gray, quanto umido sul corpo misurato in Sievert.
Unita USA Roentgen
Rad (radiation absorbed dose) Rem (Roentgen equivalent man) Curie
rem
Ci
vedi sito http://www.ludlums.com/ > support > connector type
PRODUCER
AMPEREX AMPEREX AMPEREX AMPEREX AMPEREX AMPEREX ANTON ANTON BICRON
MODEL
6980 100NB 120NB 1B85 200NB 85NB 114 6993 PGM
PROBE
HOT DOG END WINDOW END WINDOW HOT DOG END WINDOW HOT DOG HOT DOG HOT DOG PANCAKE
900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 X X X
X X X X X X X X
X X X X X X X X
CC
DT us Pu 239 - 4P
100 100 300 200 100 100
+ cpm/mR/hr Cs137
720
Co60
PROBE AREA cm2
720 720 720 900 12,0%
43.2+06
100

PRODUCER
CANBERRA CANBERRA CANBERRA CANBERRA CANBERRA CANBERRA CANBERRA CANBERRA CANBERRA CANBERRA CANBERRA CANBERRA CANBERRA CANBERRA CANBERRA CANBERRA CANBERRA CANBERRA CANBERRA CANBERRA CANBERRA CANBERRA CANBERRA CANBERRA CANBERRA CANBERRA CANBERRA CANBERRA CANBERRA CANBERRA CANBERRA CANBERRA CANBERRA CANBERRA
MODEL
2000 2001 2006 2011 2100 2106 2111 2112 2121 2123 2126 2131 2135 2200 2202 2206 2211 2216 2300 2305 2306 2311 2314 2316 2350 2406 2411 2416 2420 2422 2423 JAN5979 JAN7616 P2121S
PROBE
PANCAKE PANCAKE PANCAKE PANCAKE END WINDOW END WINDOW END WINDOW END WINDOW END WINDOW END WINDOW END WINDOW END WINDOW END WINDOW THIN WALL THIN WALL THIN WALL THIN WALL THIN WALL THIN WALL THIN WALL THIN WALL THIN WALL THIN WALL THIN WALL THIN WALL MINIATURE MINIATURE MINIATURE MINIATURE MINIATURE MINIATURE MINIATURE MINIATURE END WINDOW
900 900 900 900 750 900 500 500 575 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 500 900 900 900 900 900 550 575 575 500 460 550 700 760 900 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
CC
DT uS Pu 239 - 4P
50 50 70 90 50 70 90 90 100 150 200 100 75 90 150 150 20 90 100 100 100 100 120 11 15 28 10 10 10 150 75 100
+ cpm/mR/hr Cs137
3.500 3.500 1.500 50 500 1.200 1.200 1.700 2.700 1.650 5.275 2.900 635 1.550 4.800 175 1.200 950 1.880 3.050 3.950 8.150 19 54 420 4 1 1 2.700 600 1.700
Co60
PROBE AREA cm2
X X X
X X X
vedi sito http://www.canberra.com/products/438339.asp 3G70/ EM14752 3G70 04.02.00 N/A N/A 460 420500 30 25 0.6 max. 4,7 M 20 to +60 Cr/Fe 360 mg/cm2 34, 2.91 7, 0.28 N/A 4G60M/ EM14754 4G60M 04.02.00 N/A N/A 500 450550 30 25 0.6 max. 4,7 M 20 to +60 Cr/Fe 360 mg/cm2 20, 2.36 7, 0.28 N/A 4G2500/ EM14749 4G2500 150 N/A N/A 550 500600 25 35 6 max. 4,7 M 20 to +60 Cr/Fe 260 mg/cm2 34, 2.91 7, 0.28 N/A 3G6500/ EM14748 3G6500 270 N/A N/A 460 420500 25 50 10 max. 4,7 M 20 to +60 Cr/Fe 280 mg/cm2 54, 3.7 7, 0.28 N/A
Characteristics Sensitivity*** 137Cs cpm at 1 mR/h* Window Area Density (mg/cm2) Window Effective Diameter (mm, in.) Recommended Operating Voltage (HV+) Plateau Length Volts min. Plateau Slope (%100 V max.) Dead Time (s max.) Background (cpm) Shielding 2 Pb + 1/8 Al Resistor Ra (M) Operating Temp. (C) Cathode Material Cathode Wall Max. Overall Length including Pins (mm, in.) Max. Overall Diameter (mm, in.) Window Recess (mm, in.)
T2411M 84 N/A N/A 575 500650 15 15 2 max. 2,2 M 40 to +75 Cr/Fe 80100 mg/cm2 37, 1.46 6.2, 0.244 N/A
T2416A 420 N/A N/A 575 500650 8 45 12 max. 4,7 M 40 to +75 Cr/Fe 6480 mg/cm2 51, 2.0 10, 0.4 N/A
T2417A 450 N/A N/A 575 500-650 8 45 5 max. 4,7 M 40 to +75 Cr/Fe 6480 mg/cm2 46, 1.82 9.20, 0.36 N/A
T2420M 04.02.00 N/A N/A 500 450550 35 20 6 typ. 4,7 M 51 to +71 Cr/Fe 360400 mg/cm2 20, 0.8 7, 0.28 N/A
T2422 01.06.00 N/A N/A 460 450550 40 max. 10 0.6 typ. 4,7 M 20 to +60 Cr/Fe 360400 mg/cm2 20, 0.8 7, 0.28 N/A
* An exposure of 115.07 mR in air equates to 1.0 mGy. *** At recommended operating voltage. The T2422 detector is equivalent to the 3G10.

PRODUCER
CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC
MODEL
B12H B12H/FL B6H B6TS C1300 C300 C301 M2H M6H/100 ZP1200 ZP1201 ZP1202 ZP1206 ZP1210 ZP1211/02 ZP121221 ZP1220 ZP1220/01 ZP1220/EC ZP1221 ZP1221/01 ZP1221/02 ZP1300 ZP1301 ZP1302 ZP1304 ZP1310 ZP1313 ZP1314 ZP1320 ZP1320 ZP1321 ZP1324
PROBE
CC
DT uS Pu 239 - 4P
+ cpm/mR/hr Cs137
5.600 5.600 2.000
Co60
PROBE AREA cm2
370 650 370 500 500 500
X X X X X
X X X X X X 7 11 7
THIN WALL
500 400 400 450 400 400 400 400 400 500 400 400 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
90 70 110 70 200 200 210 210 210 210 210 210 11 13 13 13 15 15 15 45 100 55 55
19
THIN WALL
550 500 500 500
54
THIN WALL
575 500 500 500
3.950
THIN WALL
900 500 500
PRODUCER
CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC CENTRONIC
MODEL
ZP1352 ZP1400 ZP1401 ZP1402 ZP1405 ZP1410 ZP1430 ZP1431 ZP1441 ZP1442 ZP1450 ZP1451 ZP1452 ZP1480 ZP1481 ZP1490
PROBE
600
CC
DT uS Pu 239 - 4P
200 90 90
+ cpm/mR/hr Cs137
1.200 1.200
Co60
PROBE AREA cm2
END WINDOW END WINDOW
500 500 400 400 X X X X X X X X X X X X x X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
110 110 100 230 230 65 65 90 60 60 120 120 65 1.500 1.200
END WINDOW
575 450 500 500 500
PANCAKE
900 500 400 400 450 500

vedi sito http://www.centronic.co.uk/standard_products.htm Sensitivity Band Type ZP1200 ZP1206 ZP1210 ZP1220 ZP1220/EC * ZP1220/01 ZP1221/01 ZP1201 ZP1221 ZP1301 ZP1302 ZP1313 ZP1321 ZP1202 ZP1211/02 ZP1221/02 ZP1304 ZP1314 ZP1324 ZP1300 ZP1310 ZP1320 ZP1352 ZP1400 ZP1431 ZP1442 ZP1452 ZP1480 ZP1481 ZP1401 ZP1405 Length (mm) 40 14,5 140 240 240 240 240 40 240 7 7 16 28 40 140 240 7 16 27 7 16 28 120 9c 27.8a 19.8c 17.8c 17d 17d 9a 40 Plateau Threshold (V) max. 400 450 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 500 500 500 500 400 400 400 500 500 500 500 500 500 400-600 400 450 500 500 400 400 400 400 Length (V) 200 100 100 100 100 100 100 200 100 100 100 150 150 200 100 100 100 150 150 100 150 150 200 200 250 200 250 100 100 200 100 Slope
Counting Rate At Dead Time 10-2mGy/h (% /V) max. (count/s) 0,04 0,1 0,15 0,15 0,15 0,15 0,15 0,04 0,15 0,3 0,3 0,15 0,08 0,04 0,15 0,15 0,3 1,15 0,08 0,3 0,15 0,08 0,01 0,04 0,04 0,09 0,07 0,2 0,2 0,04 0,04 28 11 110 180 180 180 180 20 180 340 340 1600 9 20 110 180 340 1600 9 300 1600 9 85 25 44 16 29 24 24 25 20 (s) max. 90 70 200 210 210 210 210 110 210 13 13 15 55 110 200 210 13 15 55 11 15 45 200 90 230 65 60 120 120 90 110
Back- Ground Shielded Dose Rate Range (count/min.) max. 10 9 70 90 90 60 60 10 90 1 12 120 2 12 10 60 60 1 2 12 1 2 12 35 10 25 9 25 30 30 10 10 (mGy/h) typical 10-3 102 1.5 x 10-3 2 x 102 3 x10-4 10 2 x10-4 3 2 x10-4 3 2 x10-4 3 2 x10-4 3 10-3 40 2 x10-4 3 10-1 1 x104 10-1 1 x104 10-2 1 x103 3 x10-3 102 10-3 40 3 x10-4 10 23 x10-4 3 10-1 1 x104 10-2 1 x103 3 x 10-3 102 10-1 104 2 x 10-2 4x103 3x10-3 2x102 3x10-4 10 10-3 102 6x10-4 6 10-3 102 10-3 20 10-3 20 10-3 20 10-3 102 10-3 102
With compensating filter
Ambient dose compensated

ZP1430 ZP1441 ZP1451 ZP1490 ZP1402 27.8a 19.8a 27.8a 28a 9a 450 500 500 450 400 200 200 250 250 200 0,04 0,09 0,07 0,06 0,04 44 16 29 29 20
230 65 60 65 110
25 9 14 15 10
6 x10-4 6 3 x10-3 102 10-3 20 10-3 20 10-3 102
With compensating filter
Sensitivity Band Length Type (mm) C300 9 C1300 7 With compensating filter C301 9
Plateau Threshold (V) 500 500 500
Length (V) 150 100 150
Slope (% /V) 0,02 0,03 0,02
Counting Rate At Dead Time 10-2mGy/h (count/s) (2) 170 7 360 11 140 7
Back- Ground Shielded Dose Rate Range (count/min.) (mGy/h) 1 10-1 105 1 10-1 2 x 104 1 10-1 105
Sensitivity Min. Band Operating Plateau Type Voltage V Length V B6H 370 100 B12H 370 100 B12N 675 120 B6T 675 100 With compensating filter B6TS 675 100 Liquid Sampling M6H 370 100 M6H/100 500 200 M2Na 510 90 M2H Liquid 370 100
Max. Life Slope % / Active Expectation V Length mm Counts 0,15 64 1010 0,15 123 1010 0,1 120 1010 0,1 60 1010 0,1 0,15 0,15 0,15 0,15 60 60 60 21 20 1010 1010 1010 1010 1010
Sensitivity cpm/mR/hr 2000 5600 5000 2700 2880 -
Shielded Background cpm 15 30 30 16 100 20 7
Liquid Capacity ml 9 100 3,5 3,5
Temp. Temp. Coeff. V / Wall / Window Range C C Density mg/cm2 -55 to +60 0,2 25 to 35 -55 to +60 0,2 25 to 35 -60 to +70 0,2 25 to 35 -60 to +70 0,1 25 to 35 -60 to +70 -10 to +50 -10 to +50 -10 to +50 -55 to +60 0,1 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 25 to 35 25 to 35 25 to 35 25 to 35
= Supplied with waterproof rubber jacket * = End connector = Counting rate at 10 mGy /h = 137Cs
PRODUCER
EURISYS EURISYS EURISYS EX URSS EX URSS EX URSS EX URSS EX URSS EX URSS EX URSS EX URSS EX URSS EX URSS EX URSS EX URSS EX URSS EX URSS EX URSS EX URSS F&H F&H F&H F&H F&H F&H F&H G. & C. JOHNSON JOHNSON JOHNSON
MODEL
3G10 4G15 4G60M 3043 BETA 1 BETA 2 BETA 2-2 BETA 2M1 BETA-1 BETA1-1 BETA-2 BETA2-2 BETA2M BETA2M1 CBM20-1 CI8B CI8B1 SPA-8 SBM-CBM 20 RAM 63-2 RAM 63-3 FHZ 72 FHZ 73 FHZ 74 FHZ 76 FHZ 77A XAI GP200 HP 265 PPA-2T
PROBE
MINIATURE MINIATURE MINIATURE PANCAKE
460 550 500 400 675 X
CC
DT uS Pu 239 - 4P
10 10 10
+ cpm/mR/hr Cs137
1 1 240 2.700
Co60
PROBE AREA cm2
X X
PANCAKE PANCAKE PANCAKE PANCAKE PANCAKE PANCAKE HOT DOG PANCAKE PANCAKE SCINTILLATOR HOT DOG SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR HOT DOG HOT DOG HOT DOG HOT DOG END WINDOW END WINDOW END WINDOW SCINTILLATOR PANCAKE 1.000 400 1.100 1.350 450 450 450 450 450 1.480 900 900 900 X X X X X X
X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 50 150 5 10.2+07 100+00 1.00+00 2.25+01 2.25+01 12 190 1 1 X
120 120 200 200 200 200 800 400 400 300K 780 22,0%
7,0 7,0 15,0 15,0
30,0 30,0
1.200 1.200
2.500 60.000 2.500
9,1 14,0 14,0
PRODUCER
LND LND LND LND LND LND LND LND LND LND LND LND LND LND LND LND LND LND LND LND LND
MODEL
712 713 714 716 719 720 721 722 723 725 743 6306 7224 7231 7232 7311 7802 72314 72610 73118 78017
PROBE
END WINDOW MINIATURE MINIATURE MINIATURE THIN WALL THIN WALL THIN WALL END WINDOW END WINDOW THIN WALL THIN WALL HOT DOG END WINDOW PANCAKE END WINDOW PANCAKE THIN WALL END WINDOW THIN WALL PANCAKE THIN WALL
500 575 575 550 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 575 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 X X X X X X X X
CC
DT uS Pu 239 - 4P
90 28 15 11 100
+ cpm/mR/hr Cs137
1.200 420 54 19 5.275 635 2.900 2.700 1.650 1.550 3.950 1.700 1.500 1.650 3.500 8.150 175 3.500 8.150
Co60
PROBE AREA cm2
X X X
X X X
100 95 150 200 150 100
X X X X X
X X X X X 100 90 200 50 120 20
90 120

PRODUCER
LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM
MODEL
133-2 133-4 133-6 133-7 133-8 43-1 43-1-1 43-2 43-20 43-2-2 43-40-2 43-40-3 43-44 43-44-1 43-5 43-65 43-68 43-89 43-90 43-92 43-93 44-1 44-10 44-11 44-110 44-116 44-142 44-17 44-172 44-2 44-20 44-21
PROBE
ALOGEN ALOGEN ALOGEN ALOGEN ALOGEN SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR AIR PROPORZ. AIR PROPORZ. SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR TRITIUM DET. SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR
550 550 550 460 460 1.200 1.200 1.200 1.200 X X X X X
X X X X X
CC
DT uS Pu 239 - 4P
80 80 50 50 50 35,0% 35,0% 30,0%
+ cpm/mR/hr Cs137
1.000 100 30 4 1
Co60
PROBE AREA cm2

15,0 15,0 15,0 15,0 25,0 83,0 83,0 15,0 12,0
X X X
2.050 2.050 1.200 1.200 900 1.200 1.200 1.200 1.200 1.200 1.200 1.200 1.700 1.200 1.200 1.200 900 1.200
X X X X X X X X X X X X X x x X X X X X 13,0% 140 175 2.300 900 900 20,0% 20,0% X X 8,0% 13,0% 17,0% 15,0%
76,0 76,0 65,3 63,0 15,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 11,6
126,0 125,0 100,0
4,9 125,0
PRODUCER
LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM LUDLUM
MODEL
44-25 44-26 44-3 44-38 44-40 44-40-2 44-6 44-62 44-7 44-89 44-9 44-9-18 44-92 44-94 44-98
PROBE
PANCAKE PANCAKE SCINTILLATOR COMPENSATE PANCAKE PANCAKE SIDEWALL SCINTILLATOR END WINDOW PANCAKE PANCAKE PANCAKE GAS XENON PANCAKE SCINTILLATOR
900 900 900 X X
X X X
X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
CC
DT uS Pu 239 - 4P
+ cpm/mR/hr Cs137
3.300 9.900 675 3.300 3.300
Co60
PROBE AREA cm2
5,0
900 900 900 1.200 900 900 900 900 900 X X X X X X
X X X X X X X X X X
95
1.200 66 2.100 12K
15,5
63,0 15,0 15,0 140,0
19.8-07 19,8-07
80 80
15,0% 15,0%
3.300 3.300 12K
11,8
PRODUCER
MILITARY MILITARY MILITARY MILITARY MILITARY ROTEM ROTEM ROTEM ROTEM ROTEM ROTEM ROTEM ROTEM ROTEM
MODEL
5979 7616 8767 JAN5979 JAN7616 2147 GM-10 GM-40 GM-41 GM-42 IC-10 PA-100 PM-10 PM-11
PROBE
END WINDOW END WINDOW PANCAKE END WINDOW END WINDOW PANCAKE PANCAKE SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR IONIZZ. IONIZZ. SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR
900 900 900 900 900 875 875 875 875 875 875 875 875 875 X X X X X X X X
X X X X X X X
X X X X X X X X X X X
CC
DT uS Pu 239 - 4P
150 70 50 150 70
+ cpm/mR/hr Cs137
2.700 500 3.500 2.700 500 3.500 3.500
Co60
PROBE AREA cm2
21+07
2.650 X X
100,0

PRODUCER
SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB.
MODEL
803 1504 1504-1 1611-PT 1620-PT 1625-PT 1915-PT 1916-PT 3304-W 50CM2 G1200 G1210 G1220 G1221-2 G1300 G1301 G1310 G1313 G1321 G1421 G1452 N1004 N1005 N1008 N106-3P N107-3P N108-3P N112 N112HS N112X N114 N302 N309-3P N310-3P
PROBE
MINIATURE MINIATURE MINIATURE HIGH-SENSIB. HIGH-SENSIB. HIGH-SENSIB. HIGH-SENSIB. HIGH-SENSIB. END WINDOW CYLINDRICAL CYLINDRICAL CYLINDRICAL HIGH-SENSIB. MINIATURE MINIATURE MINIATURE MINIATURE MINIATURE END WINDOW
575 500 500 900 700 950 900 1.000 575 900 500 450 450 450 550 550 575 575 575 575 500 500 X X X X X X X
X X X X X X X X
CC
DT us Pu 239 - 4P
28 90 110 100 100 100 150 150 175 100 90 200 210 210 11 13 15 15 55 230 100 60 100 100 100 100 100 150 150 150 100 20 100 100
+ cpm/mR/hr Cs137
475 1.400 1.400 5.000 8.500 12.850 5.800 6.350 1.700 13.400 1.400 5.200 9.000 9.000 19 16 85 85 475 2.300 1.700 1.500 3.350 3.350 2.200 5.200 3.300 1.500 2.000 1.100 800 125 2.200 4.700
Co60
PROBE AREA cm2
X X
X X X X X X
X X
X X X X X
X X X X X X X X X X X X
X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
END WINDOW CYLINDRICAL CYLINDRICAL CYLINDRICAL CYLINDRICAL CYLINDRICAL CYLINDRICAL CYLINDRICAL MINIATURE CYLINDRICAL CYLINDRICAL
900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900
PRODUCER
SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB. SAINT-GOB.
MODEL
N358-9,1 N3785 N378S NP334-6 NP334-6,6 NP334-8 NP358-1,8 NP358-6 NP358-8
PROBE
HIGH-SENSIB. HIGH-SENSIB. HIGH-SENSIB. HIGH-SENSIB. HIGH-SENSIB. HIGH-SENSIB. HIGH-SENSIB. HIGH-SENSIB.
950 450 450 900 1.000 900 700 700 700
CC
DT uS Pu 239 - 4P
100 200 200 150 150 100 100 100 100
+ cpm/mR/hr Cs137
12.850 8.500 9.000 5.800 6.350 8.500 2.600 5.500 8.500
Co60
PROBE AREA cm2
X X X X X X X X
PRODUCER
TGM TGM TGM TGM TGM TGM TGM TGM TGM TGM TGM TGM TGM TGM TGM TGM TGM TGM TGM TGM TGM TGM TGM TGM TGM TGM
MODEL
5368 MC71 N1002 N1002-1 N1004 N1006 N106 N107 N112 N114 N115-1 N116-1 N117-1 N119 N201 N202 N204 N204/MHV N205 N206 N210 N210/BNC N305 N309 N310 N320
PROBE
450 450
X X
CC
DT us Pu 239 - 4P
+ cpm/mR/hr Cs137
Co60
PROBE AREA cm2
PANCAKE PANCAKE PANCAKE PANCAKE THIN WALL THIN WALL THIN WALL THIN WALL THIN WALL THIN WALL THIN WALL THIN WALL END WINDOW END WINDOW END WINDOW END WINDOW END WINDOW END WINDOW END WINDOW END WINDOW THIN WALL THIN WALL THIN WALL THIN WALL
900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 550 575 575 900 900 750 900 500 575 900 900 500 900 900 900
X X
X X
X X
50 50 90 70 75 100 150 90 11 15 28 150 150 50
3.500 1.500 500 2.900 5.275 1.550 635 19 54 420 4.800 2.700 50
90 100 200 200 90 100 100 100
1.200 1.700 1.650 1.650 1.200 1.880 3.950 950

PRODUCER
THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO
MODEL
44-88 A50L AC 3-7 AC 3-8 AP2/4A AP4/4A AP5AD AP5RA AP6A BP19AD BP7/4C BP1/4A BP13A BP17A BP19DD BP4/4A BP4/4C BP7/4A DP2/4A DP2R/4A DP6AD DP8A GP20B/R GP21B/R HP 100 CGS HP 190-01 HP 190A HP 210 HP 220A HP 260 HP 270 HP 280 HP 290 HP 300
PROBE
END WINDOW SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR END WINDOW END WINDOW GAS P10 END WINDOW END WINDOW PANCAKE PANCAKE PANCAKE PANCAKE GM
900 1.000 1.000 X X X X X X X X X
CC
DT us Pu 239 - 4P
+ cpm/mR/hr Cs137
3.300
Co60
PROBE AREA cm2
0,6 6 6 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,2 0,5 1,0 6,0 X X X X X X X X X 3.000 1.500 1.500 3.000 1.500 1.800 100,0 1,4 1,4 80,0 600,0 100,0 20,0 20,0 80,0 600,0 X X X X X 50,0 100,0 600,0
X X X X 450 500 1.800 900 900 900 600 900 550 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 7.2+07 7.2+07 112 120 1.200 1.200 1+00 1+00 200 200 80 25,0% 6,0% 3 2.500 3.600 16,0% 10,0%
15,5

900 900 600 900 GAS P10 600 900 PANCAKE PANCAKE 500 1.550 X X X X X X X X X X
PRODUCER
THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO THERMO
MODEL
HP 360 HP 380 AB HP 380A HP 380B HP 100CGS HP 220 HP 220A HP 230A HP 260 HP 280 HP 330 HP 340 HP 350 HP 370 IGP24A/SV LEG-1 NRD PG-2 PGM/ECPCM RCM-1 RD-14 SAC-R5 SPA-1A SPA-3 SPA-6 SPA-9 SW/GM WAM-4
PROBE
PANCAKE PANCAKE PANCAKE
X X
X X
CC
21.6+07
DT us Pu 239 - 4P
50 21,0%
+ cpm/mR/hr Cs137
3.600 1.200
Co60
16,0%
PROBE AREA cm2

15,5 100,0
1.200 100 X X X X 80 3.600 1,55+06 60 19 1,0
PANCAKE SCINTILLATOR PROPORZ PANCAKE
1.750 550 1.000 1.850 1.000 900 1.200
X 137 X X X 50 2,80-01 13 100+00 300+06 12 10 60K 3.600 15,5 60
X 800 650 SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR SCINTILLATOR 1.000 1.000 1.000 900 1.000 X
X 3,10-01 X X X X 1,76-01 10 14 14 12 100 13 1200K 600K 400K 1.600

1050 1050 350 Ne Ar ALO Ne Ar ALO Ne Ar ALO Ne Ar ALO Ne Ar ALO Ne Ar ALO Ne Ar ALO XE rare gas rare gas Ne Ar ALO Ne Ar ALO ALO ALO Ne Ar ALO Ne Ar ALO Ne Ar ALO Ne Ar ALO Ne Ar ALO Ne Ar ALO Ne Ar ALO Ne Ar ALO Ar ALO Kr ALO Ne Ar ALO Ne Ar ALO Ne Ar ALO Ne Ar ALO 450 450 450 475 550 550 450 1500 575 600 575 575 1000 1000 450 375 600 400 450 400 400 500 1000 1000 500 900 500 600 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
PRODUCER
VALVO VALVO VALVO VALVO VALVO VALVO VALVO VALVO VALVO VALVO VALVO VALVO VALVO VALVO VALVO VALVO VALVO VALVO VALVO VALVO VALVO VALVO VALVO VALVO VALVO VALVO VALVO VALVO VALVO VALVO VALVO
MODEL
18500 18501 18502 18503 18504 18505 18506 18509-02 18509 18510 18511 18513 18514 18515 18516 18517 18518 18519 18520 18523 18524-01 18526 18529 18533 18536 18537 18538 18545 18546 18550 18552
PROBE
AR AR
x x x x x x x x x
CC
DT us Pu 239 - 4P
75 75 150 100 100 125 225 30 60 125 60 250 150 40 1 1 35 60 70 100 200 100 40 150 400 200 45 50 70
+ cpm/mR/hr Cs137
Co60
PROBE AREA cm2
pF 2,0 2,0 2,0
10M 63,5 3,0 6,0 10M 10M 10M 2M 10M 5M 31,7 605,0 3,1 6,1 10M 5M 10M 10M 4,7M 4,7M 455,0 10,0 6,1 4,7M 4,7M 10M 2M 4,7M 6,1 3,1 3,1 5M 4,7M 4,7M 4,7M 4,7M 5M 2M
2,0 2,0 2,0 3,5 1,0 1,0 4,0 2,0 1,5 1,5 1,5 1,3 5,5 8,0 2,2 4,5 3,0 2,5 3,5 0,5 2,5 1,3 2,7 2,7 10,0 5,0 1,1 4,0
vedi sito http://www.vacutec-gmbh.de > product > Geiger-Mller-Zhlrohr Typenauswahl
PRODUCER
VICTOREN VICTOREN VICTOREN
MODEL
301 OCD-101 OCDD-103
PROBE
HOT DOG HOT DOG HOT DOG
900 900 900
X X X
X X X
CC
DT us Pu 239 - 4P
100 100 100
+ cpm/mR/hr Cs137
720 720 720
Co60
PROBE AREA cm2

vedi sito www.lndinc.com > product > Cross Reference Chart to Other Mfg. Products LND Type 72314 72327 7311 73118 743 719 72514 78016 7807 78017 72511 71322 7256 716 7165 7437 714 45697 7149 71412 72611 78034 713 7133 7139 7102 Phillips Amperex TGM Detectors 18526 18506 N/A 18546 N/A N/A N/A 18520 N/A 18545 N/A N/A N/A 18529 N/A N/A 18509 18511 N/A N/A N/A N/A 18550 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N1002/8767 N1006 N310/3P N107/3P N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N117-1S/C1321 NP334-6 N115-1/C1300 NP358-9.1 N116-1/C1310 N/A N/A N302 N378/BNC N117-1/C1320 N/A N/A N222 Centronics ZP1430 ZP1431 N/A ZP1460 N/A ZP1860 B12N ZP1210 ZP1221 ZP1220 B12C ZP1321 N/A ZP1300 N/A ZP1310 ZP1610 ZP1313 N/A N/A ZP1320 M6H ZP1324 N/A Mullard MX169 MX149 N/A MX167 N/A N/A N/A MX120 N/A MX145 N/A N/A N/A MX163 N/A N/A MX151 MX161 N/A MX189 N/A N/A MX164 N/A N/A N/A
LND Type 7103 720 7242 72412 712 7121 7124 7128 72310 725 7231 72315 72216 7224 723 7232 721 72118 72219 72231 72233 740501 7436
Phillips Amperex TGM Detectors N/A N/A 18515 N/A N/A 18503 18504 N/A N/A N/A 18536 18516 N/A 18505 N/A N/A N/A 18555 18507 N/A N/A N/A N/A NP322-2 N114 N/A N/A N/A N/A N205 N/A N1003 N112 N/A N/A N/A N/A N210-1 N210/BNC N106/3P N/A N/A N201 N/A NP315-4 NP358-5.75/3P
Centronics N/A N/A ZP1441 ZP1442 ZP1401 ZP1200 ZP1400 ZP1201 N/A N/A ZP1490 ZP1452 ZP1470 ZP1410 N/A N/A ZP1850 ZP1330 ZP1600 N/A ZP1481 ZP1810 N/A N/A N/A
Mullard
MX152 N/A N/A MX146 MX147 N/A N/A N/A MX166 N/A MX123 MX148 N/A N/A N/A MX177 MX159 N/A MX168 N/A N/A
N115-1S1/C1301 ZP1301
N116-1SE/C1312 ZP1311
vedi sito http://www.canberra.com/products/438339.asp CANBERRA Min. Detectors T2411 Centronics ZP1310 LND 714 Saint Gobain N116-1/C1310
vedi sito http://www.vacutec-gmbh.de > product > Geiger-Mller-Zhlrohr Cross-Referenzliste Philips Amperex 18503 7121 71210 18520 78016 MX120
VacuTec 70 003 70 003 E 70 003 A 70 013 70 013 E 70 013 A 70 015 70 015 E 70 015 A 70 016 70 016 E 70 016 A 70 017 70 017 E 70 017 A 70 019 70 019 E 70 019 A 70 031 70 031 E 70 031 A 70 071 70 072 70 074 70 075
Centronics ZP1200 ZP1201 ZP1202 ZP1210
LND
Mullard MX146
TGM Detectors
ZP1300 ZP1301 ZP1304 ZP1310 ZP1313 ZP1314 ZP1320 ZP1321 ZP1324 ZP1200 ZP1201 ZP1202 ZP1220 ZP1221 ZP1221/02
18529
716 7165
MX163
N115-1/C1300 N115-1S1/C1301
18509
714 7149
MX151
N116-1/C1310
18550
713 71322 7139
MX164
N117-1/C1320 N117-1S/C1321
18503
7121 71210
MX146
18545
78017 7807 7241
MX145
ZP1400 ZP1430 ZP1460
18504 18526 18546
7124 72314 7312
MX147 MX169 MX167
produttori tubi, sonde, strumenti ed altro http://www.vacutec-gmbh.de/ http://www.lndinc.com/ http://www.centronic.co.uk/index.htm http://www.canberra.com/ http://www.detectors.saint-gobain.com/Default.aspx http://www.ludlums.com/ http://www.eberlineservices.com/index.htm http://www.thermoscientific.com/wps/portal/ts/HOME http://www.rotemi.co.il/ http://www.spectrumtechniques.com/ http://www.tubedata.info/ http://tubedata.itchurch.org/index.html http://www.ortec-online.com/Solutions/RadiationDetectors/index.aspx http://seintl.com/ http://www.flukebiomedical.com/Biomedical/usen/Products/Radiation-Safety.htm http://www.epa.gov/rpdweb00/ http://www.apantec.com/product_services.asp http://www.radcal.com/ http://www.eljentechnology.com/ http://www.aditpmt.com/ http://www.wtmolding.com/ http://www.medphys.ludlums.com/ http://www.step-sensor.de/en/index.html http://www.orau.org/ptp/collection/GMs/introgms.htm
Founded by Mr. Fieseke and Mr. Hoepfner as Frieseke & Hoepfner GmbH, a company specialized in precision machinery, hydraulic tool equipment, 1949 radiation monitoring and industrial gauging technology. Acquired by the owner of FAG Kugelfischer, although the company still operated under the name of Frieseke und Hoepfner GmbH, continuing to 1954 manufacture practically the same product range. Integrated as 3 product divisions, Hydraulic & Control, Radiation Monitoring and Radiometrie into FAG Kugelfischer, a cooperaton with 38,000 employees. 1981 In March the Radiometrie division acquired Daystorm (Gloucester, England) and Nucleometre (Sarcelles, France) from Schlumberger and formed the 1986 largest gauging company in Europe. Thermo Instrument Systems acquired Radiometrie as of Nov. 1, 1993. In 1994, Eberline Instrument GmbH was formed. 1993 1996 Thermo Instrument Systems spun out its divisions Eberline Radiometrie and Gamma Metrics to form Metrika Systems Corporation.
Metrika Systems Corporation acquired the metals gauging division of Honeywell-Measurex, forming Radiometrie, the world's largest gauging company with 1998 three plants in Germany, U.K. and USA.
http://www.ludlums.com/images/stories/news_letters/Don%20Ludlum%20Story.pdf
http://www.centronic.co.uk/history.htm Founded in 1945 by Gilbert Tomes and Alec Tidmarsh, Centronic, or 20th Century Electronics as it was then known, started life in the back bedroom of Gilbert Tomes' house in Kent, England. His work on electron tubes within the television industry and his interest in radiation detection led to the creation of 20th Century Electronics for the commercial development and manufacture of cathode ray and Geiger-Mller tubes. He became sole owner of the company in 1949 when it became a limited company, 20th Century Electronics Limited. By concentrating on chosen specialities of radiation detection and optical sensing, the company grew rapidly to become a world leader in its area of expertise, with many cutting edge innovations arising on the way. With over 50 years experience in meeting the challenge of change, the company continues to be as much as ever a "hive of activity".
Saint-Gobain Crystals is an operating unit of Compagnie de Saint-Gobain, which is based in Paris, France. Saint-Gobain was created in 1665 by Louis XIVs Minister of Finance, Jean-Baptiste Colbert, to break Venices monopoly over the glass trade. Saint-Gobain supplied the mirrors for the Hall of Mirrors in the Palace of Versailles in 1684. Has been established since: 1853 in Germany, 1889 in Italy, 1904 in Spain and Benelux, 1937 in Brazil, 1967 in the United States. The Foundation of Saint-Gobain Crystals, Scintillation Products 1930 Harshaw Chemical Company is the first major manufacturer to develop and produce scintillation crystals. s 1940 Quartz & Silice, a subsidiary of Saint-Gobain, begins production of optical crystals and scintillation crystals. s Bicron Corporation is established and begins production of NaI(Tl) scintillation ingots. 1969 1990 1992 1997 1999 2000 2002 Saint-Gobain acquires Bicron Corporation and Harshaw brand products from Engelhard. Crismatec-Grenoble is acquired. Crismatec becomes the new name for the Quartz & Silice entity. Bicron Products Private Limited (BPPL) production facility is opened in Bangalore, Karnataka, India Bicron acquires TGM Detectors and Gamma Laboratories. All of the above businesses and brand names are united under the Saint-Gobain name. Bicron Radiation Measurement and Protection division is sold to Thermo Electron.
Introduction of new scintillation crystals Lanthanum Chloride, Lanthanum Bromide and LYSO, which are later, marketed under the BrilLanCe and PreLude 2003 trademarks. Saint-Gobain Crystals headquarters and Scintillation manufacturing operations move to new facility in Hiram, Ohio. 2008 http://www.detectors.saint-gobain.com/History.aspx

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PROBE SELECTION GUIDE

by Massimiliano De Luigi - iz4kjs@tiscali.it AND SalvatoreGiarratana-labx@yahoo.it

PROBE SELECTION GUIDE by Massimiliano

De Luigi - iz4kjs@tiscali.it AND salvatoregiarratana-labx@yahoo.it

PROBE AREA cm2

last update 15/11/2010 pagina 2 di 32

PROBE SELECTION GUIDE by Massimiliano

De Luigi - iz4kjs@tiscali.it AND salvatoregiarratana-labx@yahoo.it

Condensed forms of noble elements

Track Etch Detector Track Visualization

Minirals Glass Plastic

last update 15/11/2010 pagina 3 di 32

PROBE SELECTION GUIDE by Massimiliano

De Luigi - iz4kjs@tiscali.it AND salvatoregiarratana-labx@yahoo.it

last update 15/11/2010 pagina 4 di 32

PROBE SELECTION GUIDE by Massimiliano

De Luigi - iz4kjs@tiscali.it AND salvatoregiarratana-labx@yahoo.it

does not present a significant external hazard

high beta and gamma dose rates Cobalt-57 0 0.94

vedi sito http://www.ehs.washington.edu/rsotrain/sealedsources/workingsafely.shtm

last update 15/11/2010 pagina 5 di 32

PROBE SELECTION GUIDE by Massimiliano

De Luigi - iz4kjs@tiscali.it AND salvatoregiarratana-labx@yahoo.it

SI Sistema Internazionale Gray

Unita USA Roentgen

Rad (radiation absorbed dose) Rem (Roentgen equivalent man) Curie

last update 15/11/2010 pagina 6 di 32

PROBE SELECTION GUIDE by Massimiliano

De Luigi - iz4kjs@tiscali.it AND salvatoregiarratana-labx@yahoo.it

vedi sito http://www.ludlums.com/ > support > connector type

last update 15/11/2010 pagina 7 di 32

PROBE SELECTION GUIDE by Massimiliano

De Luigi - iz4kjs@tiscali.it AND salvatoregiarratana-labx@yahoo.it

PROBE AREA cm2

720 720 720 900 12,0%

last update 15/11/2010 pagina 8 di 32

PROBE SELECTION GUIDE by Massimiliano

De Luigi - iz4kjs@tiscali.it AND salvatoregiarratana-labx@yahoo.it

PROBE AREA cm2

last update 15/11/2010 pagina 9 di 32

PROBE SELECTION GUIDE by Massimiliano

De Luigi - iz4kjs@tiscali.it AND salvatoregiarratana-labx@yahoo.it

last update 15/11/2010 pagina 10 di 32

PROBE SELECTION GUIDE by Massimiliano

De Luigi - iz4kjs@tiscali.it AND salvatoregiarratana-labx@yahoo.it

PROBE AREA cm2

370 650 370 500 500 500

550 500 500 500

575 500 500 500

900 500 500

last update 15/11/2010 pagina 11 di 32

PROBE SELECTION GUIDE by Massimiliano

De Luigi - iz4kjs@tiscali.it AND salvatoregiarratana-labx@yahoo.it

PROBE AREA cm2

END WINDOW END WINDOW

500 500 400 400 X X X X X X X X X X X X x X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

110 110 100 230 230 65 65 90 60 60 120 120 65 1.500 1.200

575 450 500 500 500

900 500 400 400 450 500

last update 15/11/2010 pagina 12 di 32

PROBE SELECTION GUIDE by Massimiliano

De Luigi - iz4kjs@tiscali.it AND salvatoregiarratana-labx@yahoo.it

With compensating filter