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EM1101 DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS

FINAL EXAM 2ND SEMESTER 2018

Test I.

2� + 3
______________1. Determine the derivative of � � =
3�3 + 6
4�3 +9�2 − 4 − 4�3 +9�2 − 4 4�3 +9�2 − 4 − 4�3 −9�2 + 4
a. b. c. d.
3 �3 + 2 2 3 �3 + 2 2 3�3 + 6 2 3�6 + 36

�3 + 2�2 − 4� − 8
______________2. Evaluate lim
�→2 �−2
a. 15 b. 16 c. 17 d. 18

2
______________3. Determine the domain of � � = �5 + � −
�+4
a. 0, +∞ b. −4, +∞ c. −∞, + ∞ d. −∞, − 4 ∪ [0,
+ ∞)

��
______________4. Given �2�2 = �2 + �2 , find using implicit differentiation.
��
−� − ��2 ��2 − � − ��2 + � � − ��2
a. b. c. d.
��2 + � � + ��2 � − ��2 ��2 − �

______________5. Determine the derivative of � � = �1+cos (�+sin 3� ) .


a. �1+co s �+sin 3� b. �1+co s �+sin 3� − 1 + 3 cos 3� sin � + sin 3�
c. �1−sin (1+cos3x) d. �1+co s �+sin 3� � + cos 3� cos � + 3sin 3�

1 − �1/�
______________6. Evaluate lim using L' Hopital' s Rule
�→+∞ −3

1 −1 1 −1
a. b. c. d.
5 4 3 2

1 + sin x
______________7. Given that y = , determine y'
1 − sin x
��� � 2 ��� � 2 ��� � ��� �
a. 2 b. 2 c. 2 d. 2
1 − sin � 1 − sin � 1 − sin � 1 − sin �
�+3
_________8. Given � � = 27� − � and � � = find the resulting domain of (� � �)(�)

1 1 1
a. [0, + ∞) b. ( − ∞, + ∞) c. 0, ∪ , +∞ d. 0,
79 79 729
1
∪ , +∞
729

�2 + 6 �� � <− 3
_________9. Evaluate lim− �−2 �� − 3 ≤ � ≤ 3
�→3
�−3 �� � > 3
a. 15 b. 0 c. 1 d. − 5

_________10. Given � � = �10 ��� � � = 2�3 − 5�2 + 4, ���� (� � �)'(�).


a. 6 2�3 − 5�2 + 4 2
6�2 − 10� − 10 2�3 − 5�2 + 4 6�2 − 10�
b. 2 2�3 − 5�2 + 4 3
− 5 2�3 − 5�2 + 4 2 + 4
c. 6 2�3 − 5�2 + 4 2
− 10 2�3 − 5�2 + 4
d. 2 2�3 − 5�2 + 4 3
6�2 − 10� − 5 2�3 − 5�2 + 4 2 6�2 − 10� + 4

ℎ+2− 2
_________11. Evaluate lim
ℎ→0 ℎ
2 2 4 2
a. b. 0 c. d.
4 2 5

_________12. The daily payroll for a work crew is directly proportional to the number of workers,
and a crew of 12 workers earns a payroll of ₱4,632. What is the total payroll for a
crew of 15 workers in two weeks (excluding Sundays)?
a. ₱5,790 b. ₱75,980 c. ₱9,840 d. ₱69,480

_________13. If � = tan 3� cos 3� − 1 − ���2 3� + csc2 3� sin 3� , find y'


a. 3csc 3� cot 3� b. − 3csc 3� cot 3� c. − csc 3� cot 3� d. csc 3� cot 3�

_________14. Determine the domain of �(x, y) = 4 − �2 − 4�2


�2 �2
a. �, � | + �2 ≥ 1 b. �, � | + �2 ≤ 1
4 4
�2 �2
c. �, � | + �2 ≤ 1 d. �, � | + �2 ≥ 1
4 4

�2 � 3 3
_________15. Find 2 −
�� � 3�3
6 12 6 12 −6 12 6 12
a. 5
+ 3 b. 3 − 5 c. 3 + 5 d. −3 −
� � � � � � � �−5

_________16. Determine the relative minimum of � � = 2�3 − 9�2 + 27


a. 0 b. 1 c. 2 d. 3

2
1 + �1/�
_________17. Evaluate lim
�→∞ 1
5 cos

1 3 2 4
a. b. c. d.
5 5 5 5

��
_________18. Let � �, � = �3 �2 . Calculate (�, �)
��
a. 3�2� b. 6�2 � c. 2�3� d. 2�3 �

Test II.

dy
1. Determine of � = 3�2 − 7 2
using 3 − step rule.
dx
2. A train moves at a velocity (in km/s) of � � = 3�2 − 3200� where t in seconds is the
time passed since the train started moving at 3:00PM. What is the acceleration of the train
at exactly 3:27PM?
��
3. Suppose � = �3 �� + �� + � + 3 and � = 3 cos �, � = 3 sin �, � = 2�. Compute ��
at

�= .
2

Test III.
1. The surface area of a sphere, initially zero, increases uniformly at the rate of ��2 /��� .
Find the rate at which the radius is increasing at the end of 4 seconds.
2. An observer notices an airplane flying horizontally with a constant speed of 200 kph at an
altitude of 5 kilometers. How fast are the plane and observer separating 30 seconds after the
plane passes directly above the observer?
3. A bomber plan is flying horizontally 3.2km above the ground, it is sighting on a target on
the ground directly ahead. The angle between the line of sight and the path of the plane is
changing at the rate of 5/12 rad/min. When the angle is 30 ° , what is the speed of the plane in
meters/hr?
4. A triangular corner lot has two perpendicular sides which are parallel to two intersecting
streets. The length of one of this side is 120m and that of the other is 160m. find the dimensions
of the largest rectangular building that can be constructed in the lot if the sides of the building are
parallel to the streets.
5. Determine the least amount of material required to make a closed cylindrical tank with a
volume of 572.56 cum. Express your answer in sqm.
EM1101 DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS
FINAL EXAM 2ND SEMESTER 2018
ANSWER KEY
Test I.
2� + 3
1. Determine the derivative of � � =
3�3 + 6
Solution:
��� − ���
�' � = ���������� �� �������� =
�2
��� � = 2� + 3
�� = 2
� = 3�3 + 6
�� = 9�2
3�3 + 6 2 − 2� + 3 9�2 −12�3 −27�2 + 12
�' � = =
3�3 + 6 2 9�6 + 36�3 + 36

'
−3 4�3+9�2 − 4 − 4�3 +9�2 − 4 − ��� +��� − �
� � = = = ���. �
9 �6 + 4�3 + 4 3 �6 + 4�3 + 4 � �� + � �

�3 + 2�2 − 4� − 8
2. Evaluate lim
�→2 �−2
Solution:
�3 + 2�2 − 4� − 8 �2 + 4� + 4 � − 2
lim = lim = lim �2 + 4� + 4
�→2 �−2 �→2 �−2 �→2

= (2)2 + 4 2 + 4 = �� ���. �

2
3. Determine the domain of � � = �5 + � −
�+4
Solution:
Domain: �, +∞ Ans. a

��
4. Given �2 �2 = �2 + �2, find using implicit differentiation.
��
Solution:
�� �� �� ��
�2 2� + �2 2� = 2� + 2�
�� �� �� ��
�� ��
2��2 + 2��2 = 2� + 2�
�� ��
�� ��
2��2 − 2� = 2� − 2��2
�� ��
��
2��2 − 2� = 2� − 2��2
��
�� 2� − 2��2
=
�� 2��2 − 2�
�� � − ���
= � ���. �
�� �� − �

5. Determine the derivative of � � = �1+cos (�+sin 3� )


Solution:
��� � = 1 + cos (� + sin 3� )
�� =− sin � + sin 3� 1 + 3 cos 3�
=− 1 + 3 cos 3� sin � + sin 3�

� � = �1+cos (�+sin 3� )
�' (�) = ��+�� � �+��� �� − � + � ��� �� ��� � + ��� �� ���. �

1 − �1/�
6. Evaluate lim using L' Hopital' s Rule
�→+∞ −3

Solution:
 Let � � = 1 − �1/�
�' � = 0 − �1/� �−2

�' � = ��/�
��
−3
 Let � � = =− 3�−1

�' � =− 3( − 1)�−2

�' � =
��
 Applying L’Hopital’s Rule:
� � �' �
lim = lim
�→+∞ � � �→+∞ �' �

1
1 − �1/� �1/� 2
lim = lim �
�→+∞ −3 �→+∞ 3
� �2
1 − �1/� 1 �2
lim = lim �1/� 2
�→+∞ −3 �→+∞ � 3

1 − �1/� 1
lim = lim �1/�
�→+∞ −3 �→+∞ 3

1 − �1/� 1
lim = lim �1/�
�→+∞ −3 3 �→+∞

1 − �1/� 1 1/∞
lim = �
�→+∞ −3 3

1 − �1/� 1 0
lim = �
�→+∞ −3 3

1 − �1/� �
lim = ���. �
�→+∞ −3 �

1 + ��� �
7. ����� �ℎ�� � = , ��������� �'
1 − ��� �
Solution:
��� � = 1 + sin � � = 1 − sin �
�� = ��� � �� =− ��� �
��� − ���
�' =
�2
1 − ��� � ��� � − 1 + ��� � −��� �
�' = 2
1 − ��� �
��� � − ��� � ��� � + ��� � + ��� � ��� �
�' = 2
1 − ��� �
� ��� �
�' = � ���. �
� − ��� �

�+3
8. Given � � = 27� − � and � � = find the resulting domain of (� � �)(�)

Solution:
27� − � + 3
��� � =
27� − �
� �
Domain: �, ��� ∪ ��� , + ∞ ���. �
�2 + 6 �� � <− 3
9. Evaluate lim− � − 2 �� − 3 ≤ � ≤ 3
�→3
�−3 �� � > 3
Solution:
�2 + 6
�� � <− 3
lim �−2
�� − 3 ≤ � ≤ 3 = lim− � − 2 = 3 − 2 = � ���. �
�→3− �→3
�−3 �� � > 3
10. Given � � = �10 ��� � � = 2�3 − 5�2 + 4, ���� (� � �)'(�).
Solution:
g o g � = 2 2�3 − 5�2 + 4 3 − 5 2�3 − 5�2 + 4 2 + 4
� � � ' (�) = 2 3 2�3 − 5�2 + 4 2 6�2 − 10� − 5 2 2�3 − 5�2 + 4 6�2 − 10�
� � � ' � = � ��� − ��� + � � ��� − ��� − �� ��� − ��� + � ��� − ��� ���. �

ℎ+2− 2
11. Evaluate lim
ℎ→0 ℎ
Solution:
ℎ+2− 2 0+2− 2
lim =
ℎ→0 ℎ 0
ERROR! If the denominator approaches zero, the function will become undefined
ℎ+2− 2 ℎ+2+ 2 ℎ+2 −2
lim ∙ = lim
ℎ→0 ℎ ℎ+2+ 2 ℎ→0 ℎ ℎ+2+ 2

= lim
ℎ→0 ℎ ℎ+2+ 2
1
= lim
ℎ→0 ℎ+2+ 2
1
=
0+2+ 2
1
=
2+ 2

= ���. �

12. The daily payroll for a work crew is directly proportional to the number of workers,
and a crew of 12 workers earns a payroll of ₱4,632. What is the total payroll for a
crew of 15 workers in two weeks (excluding Sundays)?
Solution:
� ∝�
� = ��
4,632 = � 12
� = 386
� � = 386�
� 15 = 386 15 = ₱5,790
����� �� ��� ����� = ₱5,790 12 ���� = ₱��, ��� ���. �

13. If � = tan 3� cos 3� − 1 − ���2 3� + csc2 3� sin 3� , find y'


Solution:
� = tan 3� cos 3� − 1 − ���2 3� + csc2 3� sin 3�
������������� ��������: ���2 � + ���2 � = 1
sin 3� 1
�= cos 3� − ���2 3� + sin 3�
cos 3� sin2 3�
1 1
� = sin 3� − sin 3� + = = csc 3�
sin 3� sin 3�
�' = − csc 3� cot 3� 3 =− ���� �� ��� �� ���. �

14. Determine the domain of �(x, y) = 4 − �2 − 4�2


Solution:
4 − �2 − 4�2 ≥ 0
4 ≥ �2 + 4�2
�2 + 4�2 ≤ 4
�2
+ �2 ≤ 1
4
��
������: �, � | + �� ≤ � ���. �

�2 � 3 3
15. Find 2 −
�� � 3�3
Solution:
�2 �
→ 3�−1 − �−3
��2
��

��
�� −3 3
→ 3�−1 − �−3 = 3 −1 �−2 − −3 �−4 = 2 + 4
�� � �
�2 �

��2
�2 � �� � ��
→ 2 3�−1 − �−3 = −3�−2 + 3�−4 =− 3 −2 �−3 + 3 −4 �−5 = � − � ���. �
�� �� � �

16. Determine the relative minimum of � � = 2�3 − 9�2 + 27


Solution:
 �' � = 6�2 − 18�
 �'' � = 12� − 18
 If �' � = 0 = 6�2 − 18�:
o � = 0, ��� � = 3 (�������� ������)
 At � = 0:
o �'' 0 = 12 0 − 18 =− ��
 At � = 3:
o �'' 3 = 12(3) − 18 = ��
 Because �'' 0 =− 18 < 0, �ℎ� �������� ������� ����� �� � �� 0
And because �'' 3 > 0, ��� �������� ������� ����� �� � �� � ���. �
2
1 + �1/�
17. Evaluate lim
�→∞ 1
5 cos

Solution:
2 2
1 + �1/� 1 + �1/∞ 1 + �0 2 1+1 2

lim = = = = ���. �
�→∞ 1 1 5 cos 0 5(1) �
5 cos 5 cos
� ∞

��
18. Let � �, � = �3 �2 . Calculate (�, �)
��
Solution:
� �, � = �3 �2
��� � = �3
� � = ��2
��
= 2��
��
��
�, � = ��� � ���. �
��

Test II.
dy
1. Determine of � = 3�2 − 7 2
using 3 − step rule.
dx
Solution:
2
dy 3 � + ∆� − 7 2 − 3�2 − 7 2
= lim
dx ∆�→0 ∆�
dy 3 �2 + 2�∆� + ∆� 2 − 7 2 − 3�2 − 7 2
= lim
dx ∆�→0 ∆�
dy 3�2 + 6�∆� + 3 ∆� 2 − 7 2
− 3�2 + 7 2
= lim
dx ∆�→0 ∆�

dy 36�3∆� + 54�2 ∆� 2
+ 36� ∆� 3 − 84�∆� + 9 ∆� 4
− 42 ∆� 2
= lim
dx ∆�→0 ∆�
dy ∆� 36�3 + 54�2∆� + 36� ∆� 2 − 84� + 9 ∆� 3 − 42∆�
= lim
dx ∆�→0 ∆�
dy
= lim 36�3 + 54�2 ∆� + 36� ∆� 2 − 84� + 9 ∆� 3 − 42∆�
dx ∆�→0
dy
= 36�3 + 54�2 (0) + 36� 0 2 − 84� + 9 0 3 − 42(0)
dx
��
= ���� − ���
��

2. A train moves at a velocity (in km/s) of � � = 3�2 − 3200� where t in seconds is the
time passed since the train started moving at 3:00PM. What is the acceleration of the train
at exactly 3:27PM?
Solution:
� � = 3�2 − 3200�
� = �' � = 3 2 � − 1 = 6� − 3200

From 3:00PM to 3:27PM, the time elapsed is 27minutes


60 ���
� = 27��� � 1 ���
= 1620 �������

� = 6� − 1 = 6 1620 − 3200
� = ���� ��/��

��
3. Suppose � = �3 �� + �� + � + 3 and � = 3 cos �, � = 3 sin �, � = 2�. Compute ��
at

�= .
2
Solution:
� = �3 �� + �� + � + 3
�� �� �� �� �� �� ��
= �� + +
�� �� �� �� �� ��
��
��
= 3�2 �� + � −3 sin � + �3 � + � 3 cos � + �3 � + 1 2

At � = 2
�� � �
= 3�2 �� + � −3 sin + �3 � + � 3 cos + �3 � + 1 2
�� 2 2
��
= 3�2 �� + � −3 + �3 � + � 0 + �3 � + 1 2
��
��
��
= 3�2 �� + � −3 + �3 � + 1 2

������� � = 3 cos � = 3 cos = 0
2

� = 3 sin � = 3 sin = 3
2

� = 2� = 2 2
=�
��
= 3 0 2 (3)(�) + (3) −3 + 0 3 (3) + 1 2
��
��
=− �
��

Test III.
1. The surface area of a sphere, initially zero, increases uniformly at the rate of 8� ��2 /���.
Find the rate at which the radius is increasing at the end of 4 seconds.
Solution:
�� = 4��2 = 8�
8� 2�
�2 = =
4� �

2� 2� 1/2
�= �
= �

�� 1 2� −1/2 2 1 2� −1/2
��
=2 � �
=� �

At � = 4
�� 1 2(4) −1/2 1 8 −1/2 �
= �
= = ≈ �. ��� ��/���
�� � � � � �
2. An observer notices an airplane flying horizontally with a constant speed of 200 kph at an
altitude of 5 kilometers. How fast are the plane and observer separating 30 seconds after the
plane passes directly above the observer?

Solution:
x

5 km
s

∎ �� ���ℎ������� �ℎ�����:
→ (5)2 + �2 = �2
→ 252 + �2 = �2
→ ��������������� ���ℎ �����
�� ��
→ 0 + 2� = 2�
�� ��
�� ��
→ � =�
�� ��
��
→ ����� �ℎ�� = 200 ��ℎ
��
��
→ � 200 = �
��
��
→ 200� = � (�������� 1)
��
∎ �� � = 30 �������
�� �� 1 ������ 1 ℎ�
→ �= � = 200 30 ������� � �
�� ℎ� 60 ������ 60 �������

→ � = �� �� �. �� ��

2
5
→ 25 + = �2
3
→ (5)2 + �2 = �2
� ��
→ �=

∎ ����� �������� 1:
��
→ 200� = �
��
5 5 10 ��
→ 200 =
3 3 ��
��
→ = �� �� ≈ ��. �� ��/��
��

3. A bomber plan is flying horizontally 3.2km above the ground, it is sighting on a target on
the ground directly ahead. The angle between the line of sight and the path of the plane is
changing at the rate of 5/12 rad/min. When the angle is 30 ° , what is the speed of the plane in
meters/hr?
Solution:
�� 5 ��� 60���
��
= 12 ���
� 1 ℎ���
= 25 ���/ℎ�

3.2�� 1000� 3200�


tan � = 1��
=
� �
3200�
� = tan−1 �
−3200 ��
�� �2 ��
��
= 3200� 2
��. 1
1+

At � = 30°
3200�
tan � =

3200�
tan 30° =

� = 5542.6 �

Using Eq. 1
−3200 ��
�� �2 ��
= 3200� 2
�� 1+ �
−3200 ��
(5542.6)2 ��
25 = 3200� 2
1+
(5542.6)
��
��
=− ���, ��� meter/hr

4. A triangular corner lot has two perpendicular sides which are parallel to two intersecting
streets. The length of one of this side is 120m and that of the other is 160m. find the dimensions
of the largest rectangular building that can be constructed in the lot if the sides of the building are
parallel to the streets.
Solution:
1
Area of triangular lot = 2 120 160 = 9600

120m A2 y
120-y x
x A1 120m A1
y
A3 A2 x
160m A3 y
160m 160 - x
Areas:
1
�1 = 120 − � �
2
�2 = ��
1
�3 = 2 160 − � �
Area of the triangular lot = A1 + A2 + A3
1 1
9600 = 120 − � � + �� + 160 − � �
2 2
�� ��
9600 = 60� − + �� + 80� −
2 2
9600 = 60� + 80�
60� + 80� = 9600
60� = 9600 − 80�
4
� = 160 − �
3

Area of the largest rectangle = xy


4
Because � = 160 − 3 �
4 4
���� = 160 − � � = 160� − �2
3 3

��
To maximize, �� = 0
4
���� = 160� − �2
3
�� 4
= 160 − 2 �
�� 3
�� 8
= 160 − �
�� 3
��
To maximize, �� = 0
�� 8
= 160 − � = 0
�� 3
8
160� − = 0
3
8
� = 160
3
8 3
� = 160 ∗
3 8
� = 60�

4
� = 160 − �
3
4
� = 160 − (60)
3
� = 80�
Thus, the dimensions of the largest rectangular building is 60m x 80m

5. Determine the least amount of material required to make a closed cylindrical tank with a
volume of 572.56 cum. Express your answer in sqm.
Solution:
� = 572.5 = ��2 ℎ
572.5
ℎ = ��2

�� = 2��ℎ + 2��2 ��� ������ ����


572.5 1145
�� = 2�� 2 + 2��2 = + 2��2
�� �
��� −1145
��
= �2
+ 4��

To maximize:
��� −1145
= 0 = �2 + 4��
��
� = 4.5�
572.5 572.5
ℎ= ��2
= �(4.5)2 = 9�
�� = 2��ℎ + 2��2 = 2�(4.5)(9) + 2�(4.5)2
�� = ���. �� ���

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