Ombre Nella Nebbia

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FONDAZIONE LIBERA INFORMAZIONE
OSSERVATORIO NAZIONALE
SULL’INFORMAZIONE PER LA LEGALITÀ E CONTRO
LE MAFIE
Ombre nella nebbia

Dossier mafie in Lombardia
Roma, Marzo 2010

La presente pubblicazione è stata curata da:
Elena Ciccarello, Lorenzo Frigerio, Gaetano Liardo
Si ringraziano per la collaborazione:

Giuseppe Parente, Peppe Ruggiero, Davide Pati, la redazione di Narcomafie, la
redazione di Libera Informazione
Progetto grafico e copertina:

Giacomo Governatori
La presente pubblicazione contiene una selezione degli articoli sulla presenza delle mafie
a Milano e in Lombardia pubblicati da Libera Informazione e Narcomafie a partire dal
dicembre 2008. Per ulteriori approfondimenti e aggiornamenti:
www.liberainformazione.org e www.narcomafie.it
Roma, marzo 2010

prefazione
Prefazione 7
Perché siamo a Milano

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della mafia
invisibile
La fiaba della mafia invisibile 11
Milano, dove si nasconde la mafia?

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Commissione comunale
antimafia a Milano?
No, grazie!
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38 Dove si annindano i clan
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La storia 127
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128 La storia
IL CICLO DEI RIFIUTI IN LOMBARDIA
Cta
Lombardia GdF C.d.P. CFS PS Totale
CC
Infrazioni accertate 35 12 0 97 0 144
Denunce 39 17 0 108 0 164
Arresti 0 0 0 3 0 3
Sequestri effettuati 11 12 0 34 0 57
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La storia 129
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IL CICLO DEL CEMENTO IN LOMBARDIA
Lombardia Cta CC GdF C.d.P. CFS PS Totale
Infrazioni
5 3 0 253 0 261
accertate
Denunce 7 17 0 376 0 400
Arresti 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sequestri effettuati 2 3 0 21 0 26
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130 La storia
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La storia 131
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I numeri, i link, i libri 137
I numeri
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Distretto Anno 2004 Anno 2005 Anno 2006 Anno 2007
Brescia 148 172 188 192
Milano 289 253 281 262
Totale distretti 5.725 5.815 5.772 5.974
P(5),X#>"5"3),2(#!,//-#L"%3)"D"-1#9"4-2)".,5)(#!,//@(2&-5"DD-D"(5,#&"%!"D"-2"-
!"#13"11"#+,?(%#,//,3%#>-"*%
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$'."$-%&'$&5)4'/,'-C&%&'$&5"(,'-C]6&/(-2&\@L&)2!2&ZP(/--/&*'&!"(5%$"]&"&
/(-2&\@?&ZH)F7'5-%&"&/+'"$/;'%$"&*'&5)4'/,']&$"+&!"('%*%&@Kw@Mw?@@N&
B&N@w@\w?@@[2
Distretto di Corte
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
d’Appello
Brescia 5 6 7 13 1
Milano 2 18 18 16 9 0
TOTALE
60 195 201 214 200 109
PROCEDIMENTI
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Anni 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Operazioni 22.177 21.954 21.651 20.703 18.493 18.744 19.872 20.768 22.111 22.470
antidroga
Kg. 72.551 50.779 58.446 52.223 46.945 26.463 31.634 33.213 31.950 42.196
sequestrati
Persone
segnalate 34.396 34.367 34.133 33.184 29.584 31.483 31.605 33.056 35.451 35.097
A.G.
Persone
decedute 1.002 1.016 825 520 517 653 653 551 606 502
abuso
droghe
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Droga Data Località Quantità

Eroina 24/01/2008 Milano Kg. 91,837
Eroina 19/12/2008 Gallarate (VA) Kg. 52,476
Cocaina 28/08/2008 Vado Ligure (SV) Kg. 477,535
Cocaina 11/09/2008 Milano Kg. 170
Hashish 17/04/2008 Siracusa Kg. 3.500
Hashish 12/05/2008 Bergamo Kg. 1.650
Marijuana 09/08/2008 Misterbianco (CT) Kg. 550
Marijuana 28/06/2008 Otranto (LE) Kg. 157
Droghe sintetiche 12/07/2008 Giugliano in Campania (NA) Nr. 7.353
Droghe sintetiche 24/05/2008 Bergamo Nr. 6.220
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Per 100.000 Variazione 2004/2007
Valori assoluti
Regioni/Province abitanti
2007 Variazione Diff. per
(del/ab.)
% 100.000 ab.
Campania 4.663 80,2 61,5 30,4
Puglia 2.848 69,9 26,5 14,5
Calabria 3.228 160,8 26,3 33,6
Sicilia 2.411 47,9 14,4 5,9
Totale
13.150 77,7 34,2 19,6
quattro regioni
LOMBARDIA 2.796 29,0 20,2 4,2
Mezzogiorno 14.712 70,6 32,8 17,2
Centro – Nord 12.254 31,6 24,7 5,5
ITALIA 26.969 45,2 29,0 9,5
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gestione usciti
REGIONE Trasferiti Trasferiti TOT.
al Mantenuti Mantenuti dalla
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allo Stato allo Stato
locali locali
Lombardia 72 5 3 8 429 123 552 33 665
Totale Nord 142 19 11 30 607 170 777 58 1.007
Totale Centro 95 17 15 32 232 60 292 38 457
Totale Sud 764 302 91 393 1.960 186 2.146 145 3.448
Totale Isole 2.095 202 47 249 1.571 236 1.807 135 4.286
TOTALE 3.096 540 164 704 4.370 652 5.022 376 9.198
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Totale Nord 24 50 9 59 114 15 129 212
Totale Centro 9 74 1 75 26 4 30 114
Totale Sud 69 87 23 110 221 21 242 421
Totale Isole 99 167 6 173 196 8 204 476
TOTALE 201 378 39 417 557 48 605 1.223
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Anni 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Evasori totali 7.613 7.288 8.862 6.414

Violazione Imposte sui redditi 4.394 6.828 6.502 7.581 7.552 8.460 10.767 8.815
Iva relativa 3.903 7.221 4.174 5.778 844 829
Iva dovuta 423 442 489 498 1.100 1.290
Iva non versata 733 721 780 939 103 875
Iva dovuta/non versata 1.203 2.165 2.201 1.555
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Lavoratori irregolari scoperti 9.816 8.771 11.583 11.118 8.163 12.148 14.497

Lavoratori in nero scoperti 16.977 21.210 20.347 19.304 22.743 24.442 16.612
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Tasso di
Distretto condanne
Corruzione Corruzione
di Corte Concussione Totale Popolazione per
impropria propria
d’Appello 100.000
abitanti
Brescia 55 2 61 118 2.756.022 4,28

Milano 88 24 770 882 6.268.335 14,07
6,31
TOTALE 878 128 3.448 4.454 59.717.091 (medio
nazionale)
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ATTIVITÀ PASSIVITÀ
('&!")*(+!$%,-*-""),-&- € 67,87 Stipendi € 1,17

(+!$%,'*.+'/! € 60,00 Capi € 0,60
Tratta esseri Umani € 0,87 0$%"-!&- € 0,45
0+1-*)*!"&+-*&+!$%,- € 5,80 Detenuti € 0,09
Contrabbando € 1,20 Latitanti € 0,30
(!22)*1!%'2) € 24,00 Logistica € 0,45
Racket € 9,00 Covi € 0,10
Usura € 15,00 Reti € 0,10
Attività predatoria € 1,00 Armi € 0,25
Furti, rapine, truffe € 1,00 Attività corruttiva €2,75
Attività imprenditoriale € 25,00 Corrotti € 0,95
Appalti e forniture € 6,50 Consulenti e specialisti € 0,05
Agrocrimine € 7,50 Fiancheggiatori € 1,75
Giochi e scommesse € 2,50 Spese legali € 0,80 € 0,70
Contraffazione € 6,50 Investimenti € 26,00 € 26,00
Abusivismo € 2,00 Riciclaggio € 19, 50 € 19,50
3,'1!%) € 16,00 € 16,00 Accantonamenti € 6,50 € 6,50
Prostituzione € 0,60 € 0,60
4+'5)6&-*%6!67-!+- € 0,75 € 0,75
TOTALE ATTIVITÀ € 135,22 € 135,22 TOTALE PASSIVITÀ € 57,17 € 57,17
UTILE NETTO € 78,03
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146 I beni confiscati in Lombardia
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BENI IMMOBILI CONFISCATI UBICATI NELLA REGIONE LOMBARDIA
Numero comuni: 131
Beni immobili
Provincia Comune Destinati

In gestione Destinati e Usciti dalla
ma non TOTALI
al Demanio consegnati gestione
consegnati
Bergamo Alzano Lombardo 2 2
Berbenno 2 2
Brembate 1 1
Cornalba 3 3
Dalmine 2 2
Foppolo 2 2
Lovere 1 1
Seriate 4 4
Suisio 2 2
Totali provincia di Bergamo 1 0 18 0 19
Brescia Bovegno 1 1 2
Breno 2 2
Brescia 2 19 21
Caino 2 1 3
Capriano del Colle 2 2
Castel Mella 2 2
Castenedolo 3 3
Cellatica 1 1
Concesio 1 2 3
Corte Franca 2 2
Desenzano del Garda 3 3
Ghedi 1 1
Lumezzane 3 3
Manerba del Garda 1 1
Nuvolera 1 1
Ospitaletto 1 1
Passirano 1 1
Pezzaze 1 5 6
Poncarale 2 2
Prestine 1 1
Puegnago sul Garda 2 2
Rezzato 1 1
Soiano del Lago 3 3
Beni immobili
Villa Carcina 2 2
Totali provincia di Brescia In gestione
15 0 Destinati e
53 Usciti dalla
1 69
ma non TOTALI
Como Campione d'Italia consegnati 5 5
Cantù 2 2 4
Canzo 1 8 9
Caslino d'Erba 2 2
Cermenate 2 2
Erba 7 6 13
Fino Mornasco 3 3
Lipomo 1 1
Lurago d'Erba 2 2
Mariano Comense 1 1
Tavernerio 1 1
Totali provincia di Como 11 0 18 14 43
Cremona Trescore Cremasco 2 2
Totali provincia di Cremona 0 0 2 0 2
Lecco Airuno 4 4
Ballabio 1 1 2
Cesana Brianza 1 1
Colico 6 6
consegnati
Cantù 2 2 4
Canzo 1 8 9
Caslino d'Erba 2 2
Cermenate I beni confiscati
2 in Lombardia
2
157
Erba 7 6 13
Fino Mornasco 3 3
Lipomo 1 1
Lurago d'Erba 2 2
Beni immobili
Mariano Comense 1 1
Tavernerio In gestione Destinati e
1 Usciti dalla 1
ma non TOTALI
Totali provincia di Como 11 consegnati
0 18 14 43
Cremona Trescore Cremasco
Cantù 2 2 2
4
Totali provincia di Cremona
Canzo 0 0 2
1 0
8 2
9
Lecco Airuno
Caslino d'Erba 2 4 4
2
Ballabio
Cermenate 1
2 1 2
Cesana Brianza
Erba 7 1 6 1
13
Colico
Fino Mornasco 6
3 6
3
Costa Masnaga
Lipomo 7
1 7
1
Galbiate
Lurago d'Erba 2 2
Lecco
Mariano Comense 5
1 5
1
Molteno
Tavernerio 1 2 2
1
Totali provincia di Como Olginate 11 0 5
18 1
14 6
43
Cremona Torre de' Busi
Trescore Cremasco 1 2 1 2
Totali provincia di Cremona
Valmadrera 0 0 1
2 0 1
2
Totali provincia di Lecco
Lecco Airuno 1 0 32
4 5 38
4
Lodi Casalmaiocco
Ballabio 1 1 1
2
Totali provincia di Lodi Cesana Brianza 0 0 1 0 1
Mantova Serravalle a Po
Colico 3
6 3
6
Suzzara
Costa Masnaga 2
7 2
7
Totali provincia di MantovaGalbiate 0 0 5
2 0 5
2
Milano Albairate
Lecco 4
5 4
5
Assago
Molteno 4 2 6
2
Brugherio
Olginate 3
5 1 3
6
Buccinasco
Torre de' Busi 1 16 1 17
2
Beni immobili
Busnago
Valmadrera 2 1 2
1
Totali provincia di Lecco Calvignasco In gestione
2
1 0 Destinati e
32 Usciti dalla
5 2
38
ma non TOTALI
Lodi Cambiago
Casalmaiocco consegnati 3
1 3
1
Totali provincia di Lodi Casarile 0 0 2
1 0 2
1
Mantova Ceriano Laghetto
Serravalle a Po 1
3 1
3
Cesano Boscone
Suzzara 4
2 4
2
Totali provincia di MantovaCesano Maderno 1
0 0 1
5 1
0 3
5
Milano Cinisello Balsamo
Albairate 1 13
4 14
4
Cologno Monzese
Assago 1 3
4 1
2 5
6
Cormano
Brugherio 2
3 2
3
Cornaredo
Buccinasco 1 1
16 1
17
Corsico
Busnago 2 14 14
2
Cuggiono
Calvignasco 1
2 1
2
Desio
Cambiago 7
3 7
3
Gaggiano 3 3
Garbagnate Milanese 2 2
Giussano 3 3
Inveruno 2 2
Lainate 1 1
Legnano 2 2
Liscate 2 2
Mediglia 4 4
Melzo 2 2
Milano 7 2 163 1 173
Monza 2 2
Motta Visconti 1 1
Novate Milanese 2 2
Paderno Dugnano 2 6 8
Parabiago 1 1
Peschiera Borromeo 7 7
Pieve Emanuele 1 2 3
Gaggiano 3 3
Giussano 3 3
Inveruno 2 2
158 Lainate
I beni confiscati in Lombardia 1 1
Legnano 2 2
Liscate 2 2
Mediglia 4 4
Melzo 2 2
Beni immobili
Milano 7 2 163 1 173
Monza In gestione
2 Destinati e Usciti dalla 2
ma non TOTALI
Motta Visconti 1 consegnati 1
Novate Milanese
Casarile 2 2
Paderno Dugnano
Ceriano Laghetto 2 6
1 8
1
Parabiago
Cesano Boscone 1
4 1
4
Peschiera Borromeo
Cesano Maderno 1 7
1 1 7
3
Pieve Emanuele
Cinisello Balsamo 1 1
13 2 3
14
Pioltello
Cologno Monzese 1 2
1 9
3 1 13
5
Pozzo d'Adda
Cormano 2 2
Pregnana Milanese
Cornaredo 2
1 2
1
Rescaldina
Corsico 7 14 7
14
Rozzano
Cuggiono 1 4 4
1
San Donato Milanese
Desio 16
7 16
7
Beni immobili
San Giuliano Milanese
Gaggiano 6
3 6
3
San Vittore Olona In gestione Destinati e
1 Usciti dalla 1
Garbagnate Milanese ma non 2 2
TOTALI
Segrate
Giussano 3 consegnati 4 4
3
Senago
Inveruno 7
2 7
2
Sesto San Giovanni
Lainate 1
1 2 15 18
1
Settala
Legnano 2
2 2
2
Seveso
Liscate 2
2 2
2
Trezzano sul Naviglio
Mediglia 13
4 13
4
Veduggio con Colzano
Melzo 1
2 1
2
Vignate
Milano 7 2 1
163 1 1
173
Zelo Surrigone
Monza 2 1 11 12
2
Totali provincia di Milano Motta Visconti 33
1 8 371 8 420
1
Pavia Alagna
Novate Milanese 1
2 1
2
Broni
Paderno Dugnano 2 2
6 2
8
Cilavegna
Parabiago 2
1 2
1
Parona
Peschiera Borromeo 7 2 2
7
Vigevano
Pieve Emanuele 14
1 2 14
3
Zerbolò
Pioltello 1 2 2
9 1 2
13
Totali provincia di Pavia Pozzo d'Adda 0 0 21
2 2 23
2
Sondrio Delebio
Pregnana Milanese 1 2 1
2
Madesimo
Rescaldina 7 3 3
7
Totali provincia di SondrioRozzano 1 0 3
4 0 4
4
Varese Arcisate
San Donato Milanese 1
16 1
16
Caronno Pertusella
San Giuliano Milanese 2 6 2
6
Castellanza
San Vittore Olona 2 1 2
1
Castiglione Olona
Segrate 6 4 6
4
Cittiglio 2 2
Leggiuno 1 1
Lonate Ceppino 1 1
Luino 2 2
Somma Lombardo 2 2
Uboldo 5 5
Varese 13 3 16
Venegono Superiore 1 1
Totali provincia di Varese 10 0 28 3 41
TOTALI REGIONE LOMBARDIA 72 8 552 33 665
Fonte: Agenzia del Demanio Dati aggiornati al 31.12.2009
AZIENDE CONFISCATE CON SEDE NELLA REGIONE LOMBARDIA
Numero comuni: 53
Aziende
Provincia Comune In gestione Uscite dalla

Destinate TOTALI
al Demanio gestione
Bergamo Bergamo 1 1
Totali provincia di Bergamo 0 0 1 1
Brescia Bagnolo Mella 1 1
Borgosatollo 2 2
Brescia 2 1 3
Chiari 1 1
Concesio 1 1
Lumezzane 1 1 2
Pezzaze 1 1
Totali provincia di Brescia 1 3 7 11
Como Alserio 1 1
Campione d'Italia 2 2
Cantù 3 3
Carimate 1 1
Caslino d'Erba 1 1
Erba 1 1
Valbrona 1 1
Totali provincia di Como 0 2 8 10
Lecco Airuno 1 1
Calolziocorte 2 2
Casatenovo 1 1
Galbiate 1 1
Lecco 2 7 9
Malgrate 1 1
Merate 1 1
Olginate 1 1
Pescate 1 1
Valmadrera 1 1
Totali provincia di Lecco 0 3 16 19
Mantova Borgoforte 1 1
Totali provincia di Mantova 1 0 0 1
Aziende
Milano Albairate 1 1
Assago 1
Destinate 1
TOTALI
al Demanio gestione
Brugherio 1 1
Buccinasco 1 1 2
Cassina de' Pecchi 1 1
Cesano Boscone 1 2 3
Cologno Monzese 1 1 2
Cusano Milanino 1 1 2
Giussano 1 1
Legnano 1 1
Limbiate 1 1
Lissone 1 1
Milano 7 29 45 81
Opera 1 1
Pioltello 1 3 4
Pozzo d'Adda 1 1
Rescaldina 1 1 2
In gestione Uscite dalla
Destinate TOTALI
al Demanio gestione
Buccinasco 1 1 2
Cassina de' Pecchi 1 1
160 Cesano Boscone
I beni confiscati in Lombardia 1 2 3
Cologno Monzese 1 1 2
Cusano Milanino 1 1 2
AZIENDE CONFISCATE CON SEDE NELLA REGIONE LOMBARDIA
Numero comuni: 53
Giussano 1 1
Aziende
Legnano 1 1
Limbiate 1 Destinate 1
TOTALI
al Demanio gestione
Lissone 1 1
Bergamo Bergamo
Milano 7 29 1
45 1
81
Totali provincia di Bergamo
Opera 0 0 1 1
Brescia Bagnolo Mella
Pioltello 1 1
3 1
4
Borgosatollo
Pozzo d'Adda 2
1 2
1
Brescia
Rescaldina 2
1 1 3
2
Chiari
Rozzano 1 1 1
Concesio
Segrate 1 1
Lumezzane
Sesto San Giovanni 1 1 2
Pezzaze
Settimo Milanese 1 1 1
Totali provincia di Brescia Seveso 1 3 7
1 11
1
Como Alserio
Trezzano sul Naviglio 1 1 1 1
2
Totali provincia di Milano Campione d'Italia 10 42 2
64 2
116
Pavia Cantù
Vigevano 2 3
1 3
Totali provincia di Pavia Carimate 0 1
2 1 1
3
Varese Caslino d'Erba
Varese 1 1
3 1
4
Totali provincia di Varese Erba 0 1 1
3 1
4
TOTALI REGIONE LOMBARDIA
Valbrona 12 53 1
100 1
165
Fonte: Agenzia del Demanio
Totali provincia di Como 0 2 Dati aggiornati al 31.12.2009
8 10
Lecco Airuno 1 1
Calolziocorte 2 2
Casatenovo 1 1
Galbiate 1 1
Lecco 2 7 9
Malgrate 1 1
Merate 1 1
Olginate 1 1
Pescate 1 1
Valmadrera 1 1
Totali provincia di Lecco 0 3 16 19
Mantova Borgoforte 1 1
Totali provincia di Mantova 1 0 0 1
Milano Albairate 1 1
Assago 1 1
Brugherio 1 1
Gli Enti locali a sostegno

del recupero dei beni confiscati
in Lombardia
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Ombre Nella Nebbia

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DB7G:

Ombre nella nebbia

Roma, Marzo 2010

Si ringraziano per la collaborazione:

Progetto grafico e copertina:

Roma, marzo 2010

Perché siamo a Milano

Milano, dove si nasconde la mafia?

Chi non vede la mafia alzi la mano

>F/! *#$9'10-,-*)! -$*+'! .-! .)*+)-1-:)#$)! .)! -(*&$)! *#((-<#1-,#1)! .)!

J'& 5/(/$$%& :%(."& *'& .%$'-%(/##'%& 57++"& 5%)'"-8& )4"& )"()4"(/$$%&

Altro che “mafia pulita”

Mafia e politica in Lombardia:

3/& !/(-")'!/;'%$"& *'& '.!("5"& ./0%5"& $"'& 57</!!/+-'& *"++"& #(/$3

D$& 7$/& -"+":%$/-/6& `%(-7$/-%& =-"++'--/$%& )4'"*"& /'7-%& !"(& )%$-/--/3

La ‘ndrangheta non aspetta

@! .)0#",1-:)#$'! .'5()! )$,'1'"")! .'((-! 6$.1-$5+',-! $'((6J1,#0'1*-,#!

Un territorio sotto assedio

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! >#$#! )! .-,)! .'(! 0'1*-,#! )00#<)()-1'! -! *#$9'10-1'! *#0'! )$! %&'3

Dalla Libia alla Lombardia.

@! 2#*+)"")0'! #1'! .-((6-((-10'! (-$*)-,#! .-5()! "*+'10)! ,'('4)")4)! .-(!

Metodo gomorra made in nord

5)%('"& '$*75-('/+'& .%+-%& )%5-%5"& */& 5./+-'("& ("#%+/(."$-"2& D$:/--'& '&

P%($/& /& ./-"('/+';;/(5'& +9'$)7<%& s$*(/$#4"-/& !"(& +/& %!"(%5/& 3"))%6&

39%(*'$/$;/& !/(+/& *'& T/55%##"--/."$-%& "& %."(-81& *'& 7$& -"(('-%('%&

Quei bravi professionisti

Gli amici di zio Enzo

La rete di don Tanino

Milano, Varese e la mafia

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Dove la mafia è di casa

='((6'('$*#! *)! "#$#! )021'"'/! $'5#:)/! 1)",#1-$,)/! -22-1,-0'$,)/! 5-3

Educare alla legalità:

Milano ricorda Falcone

La risata che uccide l’onore

5"$-/-/& */++%& 5-7!(%& *"++/& -(/$F7'++'-86& "+"."$-%& :%$*/."$-/+"& !"(&

Le mafie all’ombra del Duomo

='5()! ",'"")! -$$)/! (6-,,'$:)#$'! .'((6#2)$)#$'! 2&<<()*-! ")! "#99'10-!

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D#",-$:- D#"-!$#",1-! M1#5-

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B-(-!@4)" =.1-$5+',- M1#5-

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Denunce 39 17 0 108 0 164

)$! 0-$',,'! A! B-1)#! D+)'"-/! 2'1"#$-55)#! ")0<#(#! .'((6)$*+)'",-! B-$)!

Lombardia Cta ­ CC GdF C.d.P. CFS PS Totale

Denunce 7 17 0 376 0 400

Distretto Anno 2004 Anno 2005 Anno 2006 Anno 2007

Brescia 148 172 188 192

Milano 289 253 281 262

Totale distretti 5.725 5.815 5.772 5.974

Droga Data Località Quantità

ITALIA 26.969 45,2 29,0 9,5

Anni 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Evasori totali 7.613 7.288 8.862 6.414

Anni 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Lavoratori irregolari scoperti 9.816 8.771 11.583 11.118 8.163 12.148 14.497

Brescia 55 2 61 118 2.756.022 4,28

('&!")*(+!$%,-*-""),-&- € 67,87 Stipendi € 1,17

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Lombardia Cta CC GdF C.d.P. CFS PS Totale

('&!")(+!$%,--""),-&- € 67,87 Stipendi € 1,17

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