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t t DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY TJCHNICAL MANUAL

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DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE TECHNICAL ORDER

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GERMAN EXPLOSIVE '^

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MD '
THE AIR FORCE
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(PROJECTILE
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PROJECTILE -FUZE
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'Chq^rk 1 through 4 are published in. TM 9-r985-WV SffO-iA-v.

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Departments ob the army and -

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thexair force
\
D. C, 10 March
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Washington 25, 196.3
,

TM 9-1985-3/TO 39B-1A-10 is published for the information and guid;

-*7* "
ance of all concerned. ; * / - . .

[AG 471 (20 Fefc>53)J . , | ^ _

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By ordej* of the Secretaries op the Army and the Air Force:

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/ Official
s
:
J. LAWTON COLLINS
•
WM: E. BERGIN Chie.i of Staff, United State*
USA* j0
'Major General, "

The Adjutant' General

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Official: HOYT S. VANDENBERG , >

THIEBAUB Chief .of Stafi United States Air Force

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*
K. E.
.
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; Colonzl, ;
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Air Adjutant General

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Distribution:
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.Ma] Comd '
(5); Base Comd (2); MDW <(1); A (2); CHQ (2); Div
K Sch (1) except 5 (5), 9 (8ft); Dep-9 (3);
POE (2) r OSD (1);
(2);
9 (3); Ars 9 (1); Proc Dist 9 (*5; T/O & E: 9-500 FA, FB,
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PRGR
FCFE.FFd). '
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Chapter 5
\*.

GERMAN PROJECTILES
J

<
INTRODUCTION word for alhthe various types of rounds. By add-
m j ing a prefix and/or a suffix to the word, the exact
Classes of German Ammunition nature of the -projectile is indicated*
.^ *

German ammunition .may be divided into the m w

following classes : I
*
*' .
-
Prefix Added "rro the Word "Gran ate"
Ammunition,
IT

,Class Fo. 1 (fixed ammunition)'.

C " B 1 »* 1 * A H
the com > cte round of which, can be loaded into PBinx Ab'bhbv. Combined Woio l „ V«*. S*
I

gpreng.- Spr. .;,..,., Spreng^maate^. 8pr.gA,_V- H.E. shell,

the weapon in one operation. The" cart ridge case,
'N*beL . A Nb Kebct^rajaale Nbgr . . . _ Bmoke shell.
containing a primer and propelling charge is per- Punter. : Pa. - _/." Pan*er-gr*nate Pxgr.
_
'_ , A p. shell.
.

manently crimped to the projectile.

Examples: 2 cm, 2.8/2.$ cm, 3 cm, 3.7 cm, 4 cm, In order to differentiate between the various
types of Armor Piercing- Rounds, -numbers are
4.2/2.8 fm, 5 cm, 7.5 cm gun, 7.62 cm, 8.8 cm,
1 0.5 cm A. A. gun. »
added after the word Pzgr.
|*|,

.Class No. 2: Ammunition, the complete round

Panzergrarfate 39, Pzgr. 39— APCBCHE (Ar-

of which, is loaded in two operations.

mor Piercing' Cap, ^Ballistic Cap [WinshieUf]
[High Explosive]). '

The cartridge case, containing a primer and a

.

propel hint charge is not crimped to the projectile.

Panzergranate 40, Pzgr. 40— A. P. Shot with a

tungsten carbide core.

The propelling charge is in bags and the charge
can"rbe varied at the point of firing. .
Panzergranate
Pzgr. 41 A. P. Shot with
t

41, —
a' tungsten carbide core for tapered box e gun (Ger-
The packed and shipped separately,
projectile is

and the partridge case and propellant are packed *!ich round), - .

, t
-
*

as one unit.' '. Sprenggrunate 41, Sprgr. 41— H. E. Shell for

a tapered bore gun. '
-
The Germans em ploy' cartridge cases in all their il
.

aifoliery ammunition. The cases are employed

forXhe main purpose of preventing the escape of % Surmx AoDEb 4
AFTK8 "Gran ate"
gas tcXthe rear. '
'
C
;
Sum* Abbbbv. Comained Wow B
a°A J?-5
D
AwiaiciN Type
'
:

Examples ~7.5-cm Howitzer, 105-cm Howitzer,

:
Beton Be Granat*. Beton. . . Or. Be..,., AouuoncrcU*aai.
15-c'm gun and Howitzer, 17-cm gun, 21 -cm, 24- fa
HI...,-. Gr»u#te HI Or. HI Hotfow cto£rg«stusti.'

cm ammunition, /-•'; »* '

' '*
'

For the most part the Germans do not give model

numbers to their artillery ammunition. In* several
ieTignation of Artillery Pf&jeetiBftfr
of the old rounds model numbers are indicated.
The Germans designate^ a round of artillery . The numbers used two of the year are the.. last
ammunition by the caliber, type of ammunition in which the round was fiiade standard. These are
*
(model number of the round^^*Cype of weapon only used -in the nomenclature when there is more
ired from, rind (model number of the weapon). than one model of any specific type. In the case
ie caliber of German artillery' ammunition is of the "Pzgr." (Armor Piercing) rounds, the nuin-
measXn'ed in centimeters. The Germans, refer to bex^s appearing after the word merely indicates'
l

caliberJkapproximately; for instance, the 10.5-cm the type of Armor Piercing round and 'are not .

ginvis alleys known as the a s 10-cm'K. 18" (heavy model numbers.

10-cm modelXNo. 18)., '

Rot. or L'spur, (Leuchtspur) included in the

" In naming the various types of projectiles, the designation indicates tracer.
Germans employ- the word, "Granaten (abbrevi- This nomenclature is followed by the ward
¥

ated "gr." or "Or."). "Granate" is used as a base

•
"Patronen" abbreviated Patr., meaning cartridge.
rf

<&• fa m
347
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fjjk*£. V* iw* p»-* *sW+ rrr.^rrrr

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GERMAN EXPLOSIVE *h ?r
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r>: t-v*
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!'.' / " . 'i i , ' '

„ NUMBER INDICATES THE N'A

i
'

Of TH^.M^ ftt-UNG NUMBER" r V

LOCATION; OAY, MONTH AND YEAR;
M^RKNTARK (SHELL ASSEMBLY)..
ta X ejj;id 4J X, 39 A,b -, :

..... f'5'f o - '.-..,' -

:
' <-*;«/
V V~
W(tV .-* ' " / -
' -:-•' " ' '.' «.
'

&,:. : -
.-::K' wiVV--!-c- y-'--a-' m:-
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WEIGHT pC&SSrFICATjON
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fftifOR TROPICAL. AMMUNITION)

UMFdR PRACTICE AMMUNITION)
Nb (POR SMOKE AMMUNITION); ,

v
to'

*
i -

* I

J H.J ,

tOGATiO^; OiSY, MONTH AND YEAR.;

WOR&WmaBLUNG-OF SHELL)
1 '«*,
ft -
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31*—*ro,
ir»

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t
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'V * 'AlMWUnOH - TTW, AMERICANfKQOIVAWKT

This is the Germatf-.way of.indicstihg a complete ; G«b. H. (model No.). . QebirfShAUbitw Mouat&ln ho wltier. (

Oebirgskwione.- MoanlaiD pin.

round. It "is similar to the British nomenclature, (M>. K. (model No.)..
i/» w IVeidite Feldh»ubiUe Lignt ^eW howitzer
'",
in that the British use the word
"cartridge", to-
,...''
'
" (British oq*ttfv»l«iit:
j t.
(

Gun howitter>.
designate all their complete rounds. * ,
'
Heavy field fcowltter;. -.
fcB
.

H
... 8cfawerFeldh»ubiiMr..

Weapon Type. The Germans include the name L. £ G. ......*.:*.. ! • - Le c h te 1 fi fon torli
^Ll«h tntootry ho wluor. J i

Oeschute.
their am-
of the type of the weapon in designating
munition. This nomenclature is given' in the
*— 8.' I.Q
.-...' Sehww Ihfanterie Oe- Heavy intot^y bowjt-
.^ . sch'iiu. ' wr.
i

b. (teS.),K.-V— SohwerQescbuU....:-.- Heavy gun.

of an abbreviation. . ,
'

L Q ' " Lelohte'Ofieohuti Hess gun.

Light recalls ^
*&

fe'(moddNo.MB)-..-- K#non* (EUnbahn), RaUwaylJiii,

» V
K -.-*— Fftldk»a<«e.— .-.—,- Fleldgua.
F.
Fohesqn Origin Designation. In some in-
^
-
Ftak„r ^i>... r Flnt»bWfchrkwMme-_: AntUlrcmf t rin, g

to the
"

Tank gun. stances .a letter in parenthesis if added

v
Kwk --- KwnpTir<4^ikaiMm^.-
P^ * ¥
_ pBnier&bWcbrkftnone-. Antltwk gan. ,
type
nomenclature after the word indicating the
.

8,i." :,.- :. *:. » - - mmp&.

Bta.K.-.i-V— ^-- ' Stafmkwume *-- Awltfua. o$ projectile. These- letters are used, to indicate
O. (Mllb«^„.-.;- Btunn Oetchnts -. AiMiilfftio*'
tyxk, (
\ n.

34B *>**

\ i H

r i*r
U *
y.
 ' . : . .'

, *

material of foreign origin. The following are 3.7rcm Pzgr. patr. 40 Fak-^37 mm A. P, Shot-
some of the letters used. for this purpose.: (t) timgsten carbide core for A. T; gun.
Ozech, (f) French, (p) Polish, .(r) Russian, (o) ^62-cm Pzgr. Patr: 40 Pakl-36(r)- L76.2 mm (3
Austrian. ,„ inch) A. P. shot^-tungsten-carbide core for A. T.
In some cases the following may be included in gun Russian design )
3.6 ( .
" .

the nomenclature: .
H
8.8 : cm Sprgr. Patr. Flak 36—$8-mm H. E, pro-'
"
l

GERMAN tf KNOlJltiH jectile for the antiaircraft gun 36:

i
NAI„„.; . *.__.: j.
i
:-_ New pattern,
i
In the following instances the type of projectile,
,

^ umg- . ;
; ; ,„, Modified*
and to some extent'the nature, of filling, is i.nd'i-
St . „:„:„„_ ,H
r
^ Steel- ; -

cated by 2.4-inch letters stencilled, at two jwsitions

Stenciled Code. The identification of German round the shell midway between, the rotating band
projectiles can be made by the following means :
;

and bourrelet; ;(See fig. 316.) "

/. .
'

Stenciled code figures oh the ogive and body

Stenciling 4
Indication
of projectile, the color of the projectile* and the A or LS (White) Base ejection shell with flash-
stamping, marks/on* the projectile body.... ""
producing charge. **

The following* details ;of stenciling on projec- Al f^lacfe)^-.- : Filling includes -aluminum pow- x-

tiles are arranged in the sequence in which the der to produce flaah.
--Bl'(White) Inert ailing.-
A
-

markings are normally found commencing at the '

'
...Ex (Red)._ '

£ -Drill projectile^ . •=

nose of the projectile. -

NB.( White.) _«„. ;._]' Smoke shell.

!'
P A

Z. F/Hbgr. oh the windshield of. an

(in black) lib .(White) :__..___ Practice projectile, filled gun-
''.."
H. E.-B. C. projectile indicates the use of a nose *
'
powder. ••

*
. fuze under the windshield. : Ub.B (White)' Practice projectile, filled TNT. . .

K, or Mr (in black near the tip) indicates the.

Vp. (Black) _„^ _.__ Dummy projectile
"
> (1-iach lettering mid- Indicates a rotating hand of the *

presence of a smofee box. ' '->

way
I t .between, the ro- bimetal type, Iron covered with
Arabic- numerals (in black oh the head
•."•'.". " of the tating band and shoul- eoppfer. ' .
" '- - •
.

*
•

projectile just belowvthe fuze hole,, or on. the body def ). \ .

of the projectile) indicates the type of H. E. F (Black) -„„- ShelL- to be flr^ /with * super

filler. The more^commoh of these follow : .

V ..
charge F only.
r* a4 Htg -(2.44ach lettering, Indicates, a light cas€ shell of
8TEWCIUNO IwMCAtlOW tn black, nt a short "•

—— cast steel.
-> <
.
;

r _ --,-,- TNT cardboard carton

, in diBtance from the ro- *
tatfng band). ** '

. . packed;, with magnesium * \ t

*

Eg^ < White pr redl let- Indicates a rotating, band .of the

1A —— ;_, cardboard carton

__1 TWp in
Bering abQve the rotat-
ing., band).
bimetal type, iron covered wi^b
copper.
;/ packed with paj>er.
-
FES (White or' red let-. Indicate* a sintered iron rotat-
2— ____ --.-'ii Picric acid in cardboard carton tering above the rotat- '
Ing band.
Ing band).
packed with' magnesium
.: putty, or wax. The place and date of assembly, folfewed by a
^---U--i----_--- TNT/War 95/5 in paper or •lot number, are stencilled, in- 4-inch black or red
ni
cardboard carton. lettering above the rotating band, e. g., Lr 4.640L."
10---^—^—-^- TNT/Wax 90/10 in paper or Color §t the Pbojectile. -The following color '

F
cardboard carton. scheme is always used *

^
>
ci • y\

,18 _•—*-• Amatol 6)/60, cast.

14 — TKT,
__;
-it

cast
&
/;
Pzgr.— A. P, shot
A. P. C. projectile ; Black.
: Black.
. ,
"

32»- LZJt^A PETN/Wax 90/10.

V \ A. P. C. projectile (H. E.): Black. -
^.;
M/3& i... PETN/Wax 60/40 or 65/86. Sprgr.-^H. E. projectile (except
9U — .-.\CycIonite/Wax95/5.. *
'
A. A. >and

95——; — . Cyclonite/TNT.
Kaval) Deep oljve green. -»- :

Hbgr.—Smoke projectile Deep olive green. :

'

The following are some examples of German Gr< Be.—Anticoncrete Deep olive green. :

.ammunition nomenclature, '

.
<
Or.'(Hi) Hollow: Deep olive green. —
4.7-cm Sprgr. Patr, Pak(t)—47-mm H. B* pro- Naval and flak (antiaircraft) H. E. projectile;
v
jectile for the A. T< gun of Otech make. ',,*', Y«llow.

'> Jk.
9 \
' " *
*,
*

349
fr

*»
 T
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fc

GERMAN ttXPLOSIVE
T™
V
j

V* , r

*
5

ACCEPTANCE STAMP (f ST TEST)

DELIVERY N&MeER*FWM;YgAR
OF MANUFACTURE *
A
V
N»
•~*^
*-

FIR*

ACCEPTANCE STAMP
(WATER PRESSURE Tf ST) * - r*

... .
' & P'

ACCEPTANCE STAMP <£«D."T£$T)

" r : '
x'
'
\
<^-
ACCEPTANCE STAMP (HARDNESS)

SHELL
?

tt
/
ACCEPT6WCE STAMP <K£L£AS£
DELIVERY NUMBER; fWij VSAR
OF MANUFACTURE'
-* -
%

%-
ACCEPT^CS STAMP ©? RELEASE * "

06UVERV NUMBER
OF' ftmNUFACTURE ^ .6
*

^
f*N PROJECTILE DESIGN -NUMBER
l

J-
ACCEPTANCE STAMP
I-

V
*

'/
&GGEPTAN&E STAMP
BASE -:\

*,

7_PrO(®£fM@
—
w*
e.
and a yellow band ior the 3.7-
t/

two-compartment cavity, indicating a tracer,

S.7-cm. projectile with -a'
tracing cm aluminum colored H. E. tracer shell.
one filled H. E. and the other filled with ,

the filling of the projectile,

The place and date of
composition: Aluminum colof-^yellow band is on the shoulder
;
followed by lot number in black,
midway between the routing band and fuze, hole. abbreviation.
of the projectile in the form of an
type are sometimes is indicated by
1
/^Projectiles of" the latter The weight zone of the projectile
'
This color appears to boused for black color near thejwur relet.
painte&jwhite. Roman numerals, in

projectiles In the experimental stage supplied

for Stamping on the Projectile. The following
order in which they
trial by the lWy in the field. ,\ are stamped on the ogive in the

common use except for a appear. (See fig. 317.)

:Band marking ib not in '

Acceptance test number. ^

red band above the rotating band in some shells, 1.

-\

* V
350 * >
 i

- y-i --

l *

PROJECTILES

?5 CM.PAK 40

V 'XI

FIXED *
^

CARTRIDGE CASE !

7,5 0K5.KWK 40

«
,*;>->
r * fl-»*.

_^i '
t ft

Jf-S;

**

vy-:

*£*.

-i o

i*

7.3

£>

, *

As- C V^- ^
1

:::
'.

Figur* 31®=—P5x«d C0rtridg» Co bo*

* - *

2. Delivery number, firm and year of manufac-

3,' Shell model number.

ture. ' *
y Delivery number, firm, year of manufacture,
4.
,.

Firm's pro^f mark.

&. ' acceptance stamp of release.
.The following appear on the body of the pro- The following appear on the base:
1. Delivery number, firm, year of
manufacture.
jectile :

. 1. An
acceptance stamp, water pressure test 2. Projectile. model number..

and an acceptance stamp, second test. 3. Acceptance stamp for fitted base.

2. Acceptance .stamp (Hardness) C>

:
4. Acceptance .stamp.
ia

351 -*'
 w .

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J -

. <?

GERMAN ORDNANCE
'
i

EXPLOSIVE

identification* of the Fixed Cartridge Cases 3. The nature, shape, and size of the propeHant
and Charges are stenciled belo'w the marking' indicating the
charge weight.
Stencilling on Side of Case,. The following
The following markings are used to indicate the
details tire arranged in the sequence in which the
nature of the propeHant:
markings are normally found between the ap-
proximate center, of the case and flange. at the A'
Stenoiunq Indication *

base. tSeefig. 318.) Digl -.. Double base propeHant of di-

1'. The and model numbers of
caliber, types, ethylenAglycoldinat and ni-

the weapons for which the round is suitable are trocellulose.

stenciled in the form: 7.5-cm 40 (7.5-cm KWK Gu Ilwuble base propeHant with ,

tank gun model 40). Where a round is suitable the addition, of nitroguani-
*
for more than one equipment, the designation of dine (Guddfj. ,

the equipment is stenciled in sequence with the lM Ngl__„. T Double base propeHant of ni-
ter "u" signifying "and" as' a conjunction. ^^F troglycerine and nitrocellu-
2. The weight of
propeHant charge in grams the ** .'* -
lose.

is stenciled in the form of numerals, followed by.

Nz---« l i« ,
Nitrocellulose. V
h

the letter "g" below the nomenclature of the am- These, letters, in the case of double base propel-
i

munition (e.g., "164<g"). lant, am followed by figures or letters which also

' "% .* '
.
'
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^ Figure 319—5#ml-FSx»d Cartridge Cases

352

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<*+&»*+**

.* *

appear 'com positioh. The shape

to relate to 'the is 25; (5. (77 F.). /The perm an standard charge
of propeilant is indicated by the following letters :
temperature for normal European temperatures is
io° c. (50^; F,)>'
.' :';/. - :
'":
added to those used to indicate the nature: \\
•

v ;

7* Insom^ instances cases are stenciled :

'

Bf P.^-Blatchen Pulver Flake. : .' ,

I
' I . u * I

Bg.*P.: Perforated disk (resembling a washf / j

"Abgebr Ldg" W fed.
er). ,
-
. ,
./',','' ,.'-.. "-:;;
This marking is found near the base (correspond-
jt P.— fiohren
Pulver Tubular. :
ing to the position of the Tp— 25° C. marking)
'
Str. P.—Striefen Pulver:
r.m-
Strip.
.
,
..', '

' and probably refers to fhe propelling charges of

In the case of a double base jgwder the number ; low stability which are to be given prjority in
^^ V _
**f '

outside the brackets indicates the, percentage of ex-

*'
expenditure.;' '--'.-;.,'.'..' ./ Y- .' '-

plosive base added to nitrocellulose. Jfche size of > . StENCIUNG ON THE: BaSI^OF FlXED CARTRIDGE .

the ppopellani is given by a statement of the di- ;

. Cases. Tyf>e of the projectile is stenciled.in white
mensions in millimeters following the letters; used y or black to tihe left above the priiher hole. .

to indicate the "shape/ -The dimension -figures are Jn spmehbtahceg the Roman numerals indicate
enclosed in a bracket and are arranged as follows,
;
ing.the weight classification of the projectile are
with commas serving as decimal points: :
* .
-. stenciled i J
white to the right below, the primer
J*
";" --:-',•",
1

-;
\'"* - •-. :
hole. . . .. . ..
-.

Flake (length-breadth-thickness) (3.3,0.8). Stampings on the Base or Fixed Cartridge

Perforated .disl* (thinness, externaJ.dmnieT
-
p

/Sases.
*^ Model number of case
V *'** -

v j / - > ,
' - -* *

ter/internal diameter) (1,9 x 15/4), » +

Str-after. model. number of case— indicates a \

Tubular (length with minus tolerance; exter-
.-'.'
steel case. ."
'
nal diameter/internal oUameterj (175-2/0,
'Model, 'cah, and %pe of weapon.-.'
85).' An "x" is sometimes used instead of. I 4

Manufacture's initial. \ - -

the "-" between the length and the tolerance

.

"K
Delivery, number.
(length-brea.'dth4hickness, e. g. (125 x5i I
- .
"A

'•• ' Year of manufacture. •:

,o.5). .-;. "•;..;.

.''-.'.; •

:.'.' -.-' -•':'" Markings on Cartridge. Bags, in, -Fixed Rounds..

'

"%

4 „
.-..Examples: Digl. R. P. 8, 2 (175^2, 2/0, 85)>;> ^e markings are the ,&^fadf^^tmte'M'(t&,
Gu, Bl. P. A. O. (4,4, 0,: 6). #gl. Bl. P. 12,5 the side' of the case except. that the caliber, ty.pe
,(^x:fc;xr0, 2).- vNz:R: P: (135-5^5/2).- Oigl; and wi^jieT! number, of the ^uipmeht are not in- x
StE P.-9.2-( .125 k'5;x 0, 5). , .

claded/. '
. •. :
sr nf.t ' * \
-*, * ^ - >.

.4. 'The place a6(i year of manufacture of the Identiflcafrlon of S^iniflxed Cartridge Cases
propeilant, followed'^ a lot number ar$ stenciled
and Charge \

beloW^ihe^marking relating tO/Tiature, snape, and

a
'\ \ • .A cardboard or leatherboard eup is 'used to close
.

size. The iolldwihg; is a tvpic'al example: ; tf

the mouth of the 'cartridge ease in a round where
.

'
"
;
-:
.» '

':v y-''^..- :;>^ -^/?" the cartridge. caseris picked separately.-. (See Fig.
1::
; '

. / 'it: * .

; &. The place and date: of ijie filling: of 'the pi#- ..

r r
3id;)^ !-.-

found, on the'"closlng*cup contains, in-

:;
?
'-
; ^ '
,-;'-.. '; .

/';? ;.:;i
'
pB^n^^rg!6 followed by a. Jot number are sten- .A label,
'^^j cited .
«:,« below the; mir king; relating
?

to the manufac- fdrihation cori-espondin'g to. the stenciling: on the

.; ture Of, the ..pro^^nt ; :,
• side of the ifixedr cartridge case; The in formation.
; ; "..:". is as follow;si: .

I*'
Va7;'e4^iv) ^V;-K..> 1 J

*
' j
„i DeUils of the weapon. •

* 1|ie red s£erMling used to indicate propeilant

6. .
" /
:
*
Charge weight.
" < r

S
charg^y>f reduc ed weig ht for hot climates may
Kind.
.

*-
^ToljnoTBS^r the baae of the case; just above the
r
^ - •
Type shape of the charge).
'(size. and.
flange, oi; 'higher up the side of the case, above the Place an<l !date o f. man u f act ure of propel-
other stenciling^ The marking used v :
;,'.
.
?
'

."".lant.":
' ,
"'
:

' '-* ''"- '

"
'"-

-,•:> :-'
'.

? a "
;. ".-.;•-
^ji^-25 O, Place and elate of filling:

Indicate that the tiormal ir, standard charge tern- Indication of propeilant cliarges for hot cli-
'-
*• "
peratore on. which the weight of the chargefis b»sed .Vmatesi"- :
"-
:
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GERMAN EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE

1

Cas«a with steel covers for packing and trans- those supplies for use at normal ranges in the
port, which are removed before loading, have case. Cardboaird packages containing these addi-
neither labels nor stenciling relatingHo the pro- tional charge section* are marked "-Sonderkart"
pellant charge except the stenciling "Tp 25° C." followed by the numeral of the section.
r'

imprinted on where applicable. -Details

jthe -base
^ Marking of Primers for "Fixed" and "Semi-
of the propelJ*nt are available, .however, from the
fixed" Ammunition
stenciling on the charge- bags. .

Stamping on the base of the* case is the same peeignation —C followed by number.
as that on the |)ase of a fixed round, except that the Example C/33 : !*j* - . •

caliber of the equipment is sometimes omitted.. NA. — New Pattern

Markings on the Cartk*i>ge Bags of a^ "Semi-
fixed" Round.. These bags are "marked similarly
Msgf&ings of Bash Reducing' Charges
,to the .markings on fixed bags, except that th§ '''/* a •

This change is foOTftl irt a flat circular silk bag

designation of the weapon is included. Ip some^
Bleidraht im and is identified by the wordk Kart. VorL, fol-
cases the caliber is not included.
included in the bag lowed by the abbreviation indicating the weapon
Beutel indicates lead wire is
^ith which used and the ,wejf£htro£ the charge in
as a decoppering agent.
grams. *,
The' number indicating the charge is marked
prominently in black. The letter B often follows
this number and in some instances the marking
'

PERCUSSION m&m C/12nA^

is encircled by a red ring. *

EMPLOYMENT. German Percussion Primer
Sokderkart —
Supercharge. With, certain used in the 5-cm Q,.' R.,
*
H. E. Cartridge. (See fig.

320.)
weapons additional charge sections, to be used" for #
long ranges in place of those in the cartridge, case, DESCRIPTION: .

are supplied in cylindrical cardboard packages. 1.25 inches, diameter of lip. **

These sections are numbered in continuation of 1.0 inch, diameter of body.

J?

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BRASS ANVIL PLUS" &mm washed JGWTER BRIDGE

v - * *J .

'»
\j*j 4.
INSULATION
CAP a

GARNISHED ._*..£* ,_ * ^

fSSRIC'SiSC GUNPOWDER
""^^tXET
granular
gunpowder
AWL
-'
4
GAP • * "3r^ ..: -' .-- -Tut.-.''-" ;.->?-> - M
Ffflur* 320—EUcttit Prfititrt c/I2nA and c/22*
*^

354
>
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.£
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^ 4KOJECTILES
V

*
0.75 inch, length of body. PERCUSSION PRIMER C/13nA
'
0.281 inch, threaded lengthy EMPLOYMENT- German Percussion Primer
0.188 inch- thickness of lip. used on Q. F. Cartridges. ,
(See fig. 321.) ': t

Number fa
<rf threads, 5 RH, DESCRIPTION: 6.63 inch, diameter at lip. 0.50

CONSTRUCTION. The.iirimer is of the nor- 0;£6 inch^length of

inch, diameter, of body.'
mal German type consisting of a brass body with body^J).25 inch, threaded length. *0.09 inch,
'

the enclosed cap and brass anvil, plug.

The caD *
thickness of lip. Number of threads, 5 KH.
^
fijling is shaped to fit around the anvil and
con-
CONSTRUCTION. A brass cap is positioned
sists of
:
\ '
unfler the anvil in the base, of the primer. The cap
f

*
contains ->
28 percent Mercury fulminate.
.
: • f
c

34 percent potassium chlorate. . .23.0 percent potassium chloride.

J:
32 percent antimony sulphide. 52.0 percent mercury fulminate. , /

percent antimony sulphide,

- r l>

- 6 percent gla_ss powder. /'* - *IQ.7 -

percent abrasives.
5,3
« The cap a push fit in thfc is underside of the
1.44-gram
The composition is sealed by a covering of var-
anvil plu#, The magazine' contains a
,
nish without the addition of a foil disk. <

pellet of bjack powder over aO.oo-gram of granu-

c The anvil, which-is screwed into the primer, has
powder.
lar black The primer is closed by a brass
a flash channel throujft its center.
'

.washer and a varnished Hfcer disk. -,; .

The upper recess of the primer houses |.7 grains
ACTION.. The cap is pressed against the an vil of black powder. The top of the primer is sea led
by
:
the firing pin. • 'The flash from the primer fires by a brass washer arid.a plastic disk. /

the two chambers of black powder and these in ACTION. The cap forced against the anvil by.
is

turn fire the propelling charges. v

* the fjring'pih.- The resulting .flash passes through

" the anvil firing the black powder and this, in turn,
\ gLECmBC ftlMfcR C/22
m '
fires the propelling charge.
a
EMPLOYMENT; German Electric Primer used "• ' .' PBSCUSSlON PRIMER C/33
in the T'S-cm 0. F. H. E Cartridge. (See fig, 320.)
EMPLOYMENT. German Percussion .
Prfiner
'.DESCRIPTION, 1.26° inches, diameter; at lip. use^ffQ-F. Cartridges, (See i fig: 321.) .

*
inch, diameter of body. 0J28 inA, threaded A
;'
1,0 '"
;

DESCRIPTION;-. l
-

V length. 0.19 inch, thickness of Up, ?75 inch,

...
0.66 inch, over-all. length.
jngth of body. Number of threads, 5-BH. 0.63 inch, diameter at lip. .

•I <* '

^COKSTRU CTION, The primer houses an igniter -'

,0.50 Inch, diameter of body. fr

*
consists of leak! sty phriato dipped in
0.31' inch, threaded length.
fridge which
0.09 inc^, thickness of lip.
*

/gelatin.. This' bridge has a resistance of approxi-

Number of threads, 5 RH. ..
'^malely 2J2 ohms and is in the circuit with the in- fi

^sulated contact plug, the- spring; washer, and the 'CONSTRUCTION. A brass cap is positioned

A 31 grain black-powder filling, in under the»anvil in the base of the prin The cap
/f primer body.
housed in the
and granular forms, is contains:
llbotE pellet:
24.6 percent mercury fulminate,
-upper recess of the primer. The top of the. primer
37J6 "percent potassium chlorate. v
js closed by an aluminum disk and disks of paper
*' , 29.6 percent antimony sulphide. .
,

or varnished fiber. .
\w *
W
i
m . • /&& percent abrasives.
' - 9
ACTION. An electric currerit is passed through The cap" is sealed by a tinfoil disk without
1
r

the insulated, contact plug in the base of the car- varnish. : .

tridge case. ,The current passes through the igniter •The anvil, which is screwed into,, the priiner r has

bridge, igniting and back' to the source -by way it', two flash channels, diametrically opposite along its,

of the spring washer and primer body* .'The. flash .sides.- -

* ;, ,
' .

f (

-
from the igniter bridge ignites the black powder The up per recess of the primer ho uses an 8 grain
and this, in turn. se& off the propelling charge, black-powder charge. The top of«,the primer is
» <

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POWDEft,
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LlRASS A^/L :-'> :

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PELLET
*LASH PLUG''
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lANNgL ANVIL
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sealed by a plastic disk

Sis! inserted CONSTRUCTION-' Th&Tbrass body of the primer
washer. ,'; -.;-- : "
. . ., :, 1
houses a percussion cap wh\ch fits in the base below
rf

a brass anvil. The cap consists of

j
-i

AGTiOM, The cap is forced against the anvilby t-

21 percent mercury fulminate.

the firing pin. The resulting flash passes through -
,. 40.3 percent potassium chlorate. .

the two channels 4n the anvil firing the black ';'

-y . 37Ǥ percent antimony sulphide.
powder and this, in turn, ores the propelling The brass anvil is.-screwed into.the pnmer body
charge. -, •'-,.-;;; .•'/' / '
J
- '--: ]-^:\ * !\ a^d houses a cimper sealing cone. Through the
%' -'l. _ - , * i - *

and the sealing cone -'is a flash

ri'j

':.
' /
center
i^* fc
of the anvil
4 - i. .',1 » » ^* *

; PERCUSSION pfiMER 42/W .f - '»^ f-

-ch^nel leading- to a blackHpowder charge in the 4

.^:
Y«^^|&A^mi6r;^;Tit$'00-p »ixi
' i 1
,

ciiarge fills the^

EMPLOYMENT.. Russian Prim
whole upper fecess of primer -and/ 'extends' the.
7.62-cm round. (Bee fig. 322.j[ "*. K_
t' rt"

^ '

slrghtly;below the^per „eiid. of the toviL o ;

*'*** a ;- *
;

DESCRIPTION:; !> iThe top of the prjmer is sealed by "brass clos-

rvi
-.:
'
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• t

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'

0.875 inch, oV-er-all length; j - : l1 r

-I

; ingvring and the whole primer, -except t^e base,

^1 >' ^
"*^ + i
;
1.188 inches, diameter of lip.
r 'f
?- I 'i
•;
: is coated with black varnish: ,/ '. v
-

;
'-

the anvil by
c

; - .
'

0.ftS8 inch, diameter of body.

%,
The cap is forced agai-nst
. 0i375< inch, threaded length,; 17
^ v
,
A,/-
.
' /i
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tiW firing * transniitted pin. The flash is then
'^
0.094 inch, thickness of lip. - j.
,* through the anvingniting the black powder which,
* 1 A ' ,v

in turn, fires the propellfrig charge.

-

' >
Number of threads, <5 RH.' r.

' ^ M 1 « H
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356 V
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PROJECTILES
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/ BRASS CLOSING QfSC

#* *
BRASS BOO* - r-
PAPER OiSC
4.3 GRAINS '

GUNPOWDER- -— 42, GRAINS .*

PELLET ',
GUNPOWDER
PELLET
&
5 •' 14 GRAINS *?

BRASS AfwJL PLUG f i

-6RANUUAR
(.* ' !

COPPER r GUNPOWDER
SEALING CONE :
j

SCREWED COLLAR — PAPER DISC

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BASE MARKJNGS

Figure 322 —^©reust/on Prim®? 42 /Aft

^ PERCUSSION PRflJtiiEB M33 1= -

EMPLOYMENT. Percussion -Primer used on

idge i

DESCRIPTION: . V-
2.438 inches, aver-all length.
Number of holes, 30. &
0.094 inch, diameter of 'hales.'.

0.6j25 inch, body diameter.

0375 inch, lip diameter., ,
.
*: *

0.250 inch, threaded length.

"

V Number of threads, 6 KH. '

-,

CONSTRUCTION; Into the base of this primer

is screwed an extra 3.1 -gram charge of black
powder. The brass body contains the standard " t.

anvil, with a flash hole and a cap consisting of

if 29.1 percent potassium chloride.
16.7 percent mercury fulminate.
43.4 percent antimony sulphide.
'
*'
10.8 percent abrasives...

ACTION. The firing pin hits the -rear of the *q

primer forcing the cap against' the anvil. The 323-—P M33
1.

"
* *
357
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GERMAN EXPLOSIVE
r— ORDNANCE .

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OERLiKON/A.P k *

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Flgtjr* 32*1 A^~20~ mm ^Rumv^iQii

through the anvil firing the black-

flash passes and armttr- piercing rounds, is shown in figs. 324A
powder charge which then fireS the propelling ,
and324B/- ,^
charge. \
'
, The- afmpr-piercing type projectile body is,
20-MM AMMUNITION &i painted black over-all and contains no color bands.
However, if the armor- piercing round contains an
DESCRIPTION. The identification of various incendiary mix, or high explosive, corresponding
types of 20 mm ammunition, both high-explosive color bands are marked on the projectile body.

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I---,-"* l '***J/V j---.W-.-j rv,

F-
Figure 324B—20-mm Ammunition
<j

No fuzing employed in either the berlikon,

is Z. Z. 1505 fuzes are normally employed in 20-mm
mauser, or solothurn armor-piercing ammunition. high : ex plosive oerlikon, iria-user and solothurn
The high-explosive type projectile body is ammunition- and- are <Jiscussed in detail in the
painted yellow oyer- all with the corresponding fuze section. ,*

color bands indicating * high-explosive/tracer, a Achart showing the type projectile, projectile
*j
highrexplosive/iheendiary or a high-explosive/in- markings, material, filling, trace, penetration at
100 yards, normal impact, and fuzing for 20 -mm
o*

cendiary/tracer. The AZ 1502, AZ .1504, and

i

359
**

\i
"^ X,7~~
 A :

. & -

GERMAN EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE

r *

4.

decreasing the time of flight in comparison to

standard type projectiles.
FUZE • -Three types of sub-caliber projectiles were used
The Pfielgeschoss which is a fin stabilized projec-
tile fired from' a smooth bored gun, the Triebspiegel

geschoss of Sabot projectile which is fired from a

<

normal rifled gun and the flange geschoss. The '

. flange geschoss is fired from a cylindrical, rifled

barrel to which a smooth bored, tapered muzzle ex-
tension is This. type of -projectile' is
attached;
iu
called a "Littlejohn" by the British and a Squeeze-
*
bore" by other services. .

The projectiles fired from guns of the type with

the tapered muzzle extension resemble the projec-
tiles which are fired from the Gerlieh gun which
. is^a tapered bore;, rifled gun. German personnel
"have stated that projectiles could be' interchanged
between Gerlidi a£jd squeeze-bore guns us the basic
''
problem is the same. This statement is then modi-
fied^ however, by .stating, that the projectile fired
from gun must be stronger than
a tapered bore
that fired from the squeeze-bore gun as maximum
setback force occurs at the same time that -the pro-
jectile being squeezed,
is *

Development and" testing of the ^squeeze-bore

projectiles was handled primarily by the private
firms in Germany, although all branches of the
service were interested in and advised of the devid-
opments. " TJre principal, firm working on this
project was the RhmeineUill-Borsig (A>. although 7

the Krupp Co; and Boehumer Verein Co. boih bui4t

experimental projectiles. The firm of Poke, A(i
inMagdeburg also built projectiles of this type bu^
had worked, only on sizes 5.0 cm and smaller al-
though were going to build the 5.5/4.1 pro-
.they
jectiles* which wer.e contemplated.

it,* *'*'$%£ .•. Brojectiles of this type. were designated to show

,,J
W'
the- original caliber and end caliber of %e guu-
..* -.V"
:

V^TV'J."^ r .-
\

Thus the t().5/8-cm squeeze- bo re projectile is one

figure 3^5 —Germ art Flange Getchos*
t *

which is fired from a 10.5-cm .gun to which* is

V attached a conical muzzle extension tapered to an
mauser and oeirlikon ammunition is given at *he emergent caliber of 8 era,
end. of this chapter.
v
"
;
.
The principal advantage of the squeeze-bore
projectile in- comparison to the other sub-caliber
? GERMAN FLANGE GESCHOSS projectiles is that it has no discarding parts-

INTRODUCTIpN.v From the start of the war CONSTRUCTION, the principal source of in-
in 1939, German! research personnel worked on the formation on. const ruction details of the German
projects of developing high-velocity guns and pro- .
.squeeze- bore projectiles was Di\ Werner Banek.
jectiles: In the high -velocity projectile field sub- Dr. Ba nek was in charge. of this project for. the
caliber projectiles were judged by the Germans to !Eheinnietall-Borsig Co. for the perkxi froiu iace
show the most possibilities of increasing range and 1939 through until the end of the war. In the
ft'

I .'
,

360 \

Y
1-^

S^

<.
. 1
 ' 1 : ' '
'.:' -
HA
;.
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,1 V '

,:

* * d G'** : '

w
1

ViV-VV. PROJECTILES
'- *
*"
«
«i'.j f
- -

i
* t

i "* * * i

'; pr^anizatiQn chart for the company, Dr. ^anok^as vand.ihipaireft the efficiency of armor-p^eFcing pro- .

^ in charge of the "ifct&kp high-velocity £)£jectile ^ jectiles since; the cap and nose were Weakened.^ '
.

. subsection of the weaponseOnstructiqri and ballis- Ini^an attempt: to be able to use normal projec; .
.

i . tic depa rtment :pf Pheiiimetall-BoJ^ig. \ / T. tiles ah I atteihpt vwa#'mdde to enclose the bolts in - .
,
.
' -
•

**
\Ljdifioiialf^ been gawd .; indi vidua 1 c a$i ngs: whicn were, sere wed pi* attached &$$ •

interrogation of proving ground personnel at the to drilled, This l^ol'es . i hi ,!t he pro j ec V\
;. H bod i es .

'^<^ym'*^'-^i^^;fecie^wgJ©|^ls«^ at Hillerslebeii , eiimjhaied ijone of the ^isadyant?igesof this type ' -

:'
aiid interrogation .q#^hjb|i$i^jtB^pME$ig.atod Ger- of constructipin^ and corisiderably weakened. the
'

.'.; man /Navy, ordnance;: persOnnjel "-:

:

-'^'V';''V 'projectiles due to the^drilled holes/ .. i

..;; :

•
Two lype of construction Flange's;'" '"ftne' first" Both of these constructions were made up and
developied e^plo^ie^wpsoli^flahges^ fpjward and fired, in smivh quantities, in Calibers ^/17-cm and .

".reaiv.as Bourrelet arid r^ta|itt^ band r^peetively* iO;5^Vcm i^^y't3^\9/ ^&^tMu^,^t» ahan- l

„ This was modified slightly t^^rilling boies^inthe ..

doried, however, because of the disad yah tages. No
-*

forwjini flanj^MI '0gjty$0]0bttfflf0t^- was drawiijgs are available for this type of construe'-
:
'•?
.

* abandoned iri; sizes 8.$ cm arid' above since it proved -tion..' '
'"':;
"
'. -'.; ''..'-" /,',-','*'; a
vV'toibe'-unsatisfactoryi ;; /
/''- ¥;**>; *''/_ ? .
;
.
-;J-V To attempt to. eliminate the disadvantages in-
'yivi iThiS/type •of construction proved to beunBatis- volved in the-'use of joftg bolts various attempts,.
•M--
,: factory because, it -was «fou.rid that; the prppellaht'
:
. .-were made with telescoping bolts of various types.'*'; i

f'gsiaes leaked'past tile rear: flange.^ Then^ien; the:' -Borne of these constructions were but this con- fired
v

f l^oiectiJe^pas^d through the epical muzzle ;©£->_- s tructiori was^also abandoned early in 1942 in favor
:
-:.

.
p| the^hojipw support studs wh^eh have been recog-
'•
•
tension tifr|Eas: was jeonipressed and even in spite: ':
, •

*
Jajbf :tfe^ll|3:lmie& in the^forward.fl.^nge- Urge gds ; nized as thebest type of forward support. '
;V ^rfe^ures -w0e built up" ( gas pressures -Up :to> 6,0CK) '.
''''_
-Hollow §i3j?mm Studs';. .'The ftnai type of pro-
,Wtf
;J;;'r^mps|>heres were-.- recorded). j'TPhis^fresulted ."

' in _
',/'.
jectile which was built for- the squeeze-bore guns
"? *."i

^^^$^j^t^4efc^a^^''^tt|f prpj^itile body,:

i
Ji /,
was. the. .type with the so-calied' hollow support ;

li - *, j
|f Msa it was found- that at the moment' when the studs. Construction of projectiles of this^type was
*
; ^

.5/;':pr,oje^tiie ,ie''ft 't^.fe--bani'el the extra :p"ress'u re caused-" L i.

> j

j ^theXdefonn^ forward flange. to. tear and. fly off. * j--

^jf^jfatffi'^ of es^ *n

-.
"'.-'fcapfrrfor:'th^ 'e*hc|ps^d'
:
gases were tried other than
1
:':_'
^dt^Uing^oj-thejtoiges;-. In theend^it w-as recog-
X
^ ..
. nized thafe an imp ro venien t cftuld be < Hfc'p r tncipie:
. .-:: acJiieyed^lyZhy splitting: up .the forward guid^!
v
- '''"" -**
.'V-'-into individuat supports. ./..; ; ,
.*

r
j
,:"'"
'-FoRWAHD^Boi^s^^n^'REAR-^iiA^E^'^The fifst

u>^d^'^pj^^ M^ 'wi^. at-.

i K
;'
ty?p^ of;.-'iiadiyjdjial" r
r i v

X tem|)te^:'.^,0tv^,^0^sk'0^fe^_ individuftt bolts .

':s
.; H" Mvpliee pi V^f ^t^^^-\&^^- \'ymj^ w-v^ so ,
:

i
! :

.'.': i ' ;

plac^j4rid '?to^^^ :

> i*:
* if

the .prpjettilfe--: body;. w:hen the 'projectile .'•^a^seoV

:' -. -

.-?
.i^thrpugh\ '^^^x^^fi\S^4!S^^.f^l£^^^. l^i the';.' '/
j i\t
V*J- ; ,

w -*
'.:.
bbits'/'irife^W'ere "arranged -w/%tiAt^bii<QB ;ti(ie '^olitB .i -
'*'

wr
V >' -
* > '"";•
were'-^rejsed \int^^ll^'' pro3e^til^;.l^yV' i*^:^^ :
<>.

€
- ^ _="*

o *
caught and the' holfs could. not be thr6wh* oUt^by.
i

'

cehtrifugal; force. C^'f'^fyf, Yir 'M^-'/^'Wr'-^ ' ]

*
;.%'^. Since- these, :bolti actually e^eni.into^liev-ei^,, ;

:
^ 'i
^

;|: of thie v^bjeetile, i^r6atictioiL^i'th<i'-:

.plosive cavity '
<

.v'i,'-prpiectile;.-was' considerably, com^^

ft

t
*
i L

/
/'. tiles. w&re actually built ^Iworbarts'.' with-
the':e&. .* !
*i h
L
-

: ;:plpsiVe cavity divided. ThlSmade- uncertain the *T\

;
.cprirplete detonation pf fKe high-explosiye^filler v FlQur»325$-^4}9rm6n f/ang* Ocschost
* t
f , *

r i ' *•*
.1
.
* ^
i't
A
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.* , J"
V- J
3^1
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-
if
' #r.'

'r-
.01 i

% *
'^
'
. • >
'h
J' I

j
* , * 1-
«^. *x r* .'I
*

V
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t 1

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4 +
^ '
** I?

W^ t* <
a:
^ r,n
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,
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*
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u.
S

'N
ORDNANCE
' +

GERMAN EXPLOSIVE - /'

*begun in May 1942. • Figures. 325A and 325B show ;

i

available for experimentation

i

due to the German

:
»

the 24/2 l-cnrprojectile with* Hollow support studs. cp|per'ishortage No experimental work Was done i
'.;

with copper or copper alloys. German personnel *

In this type of construction the stud, of soft
steel, is pressed into a drilled Hole in trie projectile who have been interrogated have stated that use
A pi copper might be advantageous and feel that it
'

body. sharp edge on the lower portion of stud

engages a recess, in the drilled hole and thus the might allow, a larger reduction in caliber- All of
st ud is secu red. Then wheh' the pr.ojecj.ile is fixed them pointed but that the material of the forward
and passes through the muzzle squeeze the studs, studs and rear Jla,nge should be the same or trouble
are forced down' into the drilled holes in <the pro- would be: experienced -with heavy erosion in the
* * i i
'

jectile body! '

,
" .
muzzle extension, * \ *
.

. suck ias the 8.8/7.0-cra round

In smaller sizes .The firsl. ;method,of attaching the rear fitting
only three studs were used, whereas, in larger was to machine a groove around the base of the **j

sizes such as the 24/21-cm projectiles five studs projectile, body, then heat the. projectile and press
;

were" used,, In all cases the studs were wider than the cold flange in.' Trouble was experienced with
the gropves of the rifting with the Germans using this system (hie to the projectile base cracking after

a figure of 1/5 caliber for the width of- the stud.. cooling and: it was abandoned.
The advantages claimed for this, type (hollow The most: satisfactory method, of attaching. the
support stud), are as follows:. rear flange was found 'to be that of heating (he
6
Considerably less wear of the conical muzzle a rear flange to a temperature of 1,120 C\ and Ibnn-.

squeeze., ; ,
t
'". -'. '':' ing it while pressing the flange into the .projectile
'
;Use of^normal projectile bodies because dy >vith a.^hyojr&urio press, pressure used on
No gas is compressed,. consequently there is no t" e 24/21-cm /projectile was 400 tons and on the
pressure, on .the projectile body. * ?. .
> 10.5/8-cin .
projectile
'

150' tons. .
For projectiles
t

ranging up: to 8,8/Y.O-crri in size it was expected'.

Because of the small depth of the attached studs
the projectile -body does not need t*> be thiekjer to press the flanges on without heat ing. them'.
than normal/ v- .
' Rhemmetall-Borsig shop personnel stated that -

If the muzzle extension is woiin and studs not from the' manufacturing standpoint it was found
completely collapsed. The increase in air resist- that this system of hot' pressing the rear -flange ,

ance caused. by the protuberance of the studs is on was cheaperthan the assembly of ordinary rp-.
considerably less than that caused by a forward tating bands.
'"''*,
flange not being completely collapsed'.',
v
"•; ' tolerances were available for
No manufacturing
Studs, weigh less and use less material than the either the studs or the rear fittings as no quantity
flange; -..
-
" '-
'
' production of these projectiles had been made/'
irregular wear in the cone. In the conversion of .existing projectiles dif-
Less sensitive to steep cones in the muzzle piece; ficulty was encountered .only wli en. .boat-tailed .

Mo space is taken from the explosive cham project lies were worked on, Rotating bands, of.
- r A
In a irinor- piercing projectiles.the jpr&jectile nose' '"4SHffimf i^d'i& be removed.
:

is not weakened, .;' * *

.
'.'";.' '
*,,
Expix>sive. Loading. .. H igh. explosive loaded. pro-
No special machines are necessary to drill the ject iles were bui It and fi red mails izes. Wail
holes for the studs. An ordinary lathe can be used ! thickness was the same as ordinary" Jl. E. projec-
; AH;- studs for. these projectiles were made of tileb and in some cases such lis the 24/21-cm p'rojec-

soft steel. method of man- The most satisfactory tile,existing projectiles were built up by the addi-
ufacture was found to be pressing them from tion of studs and a rear flange. 'No special H. E. 4

sheets and then further pressing of the studs into filler was used. Normal loading (same as ordim^

drilled holes in the projectile body, Iii this pressr ;H; E, projectiles) was used. .

"FtiziNG. In ilie 24/2 l-.cji>^-ize; the fuzing was a

'''']

ing, the material is strained beyond^ the elastic

limit and, for equal thicknesses, it was the Germani
sensitive impactlfe». The 10,5/8 cm was fuzed

claim that the studs could be constructed lighter .with tike-standard 30-second time fii%e. Other pro-
and better-since the strength is increased. jectiles were fuzed with impact fuzes and an im :
n h FirnKO. In all cases, the Tmrjmsiiii was pact ftize with self -destroy ing device was report-
of soft- irom This was thiMnry material made edly under test. The effect of the muzzle squeeze
*.
\'< 1> -
- » i I

r rf

r ^
*-' « * ^ *

362
r
\ ti
*

\1

.»• ,
*

*1
• '- /J

-z
h i
S i
i*

-t « \
 1 *

F
-*»
>,

PROJECTILES
«*

on the rotation of the projectile was stated -to be used and well thickness of the projectiles was
very little if the squeeze dropped on a ratio of 1-mm the same as projectiles fired from normal guns. lp

with per 30 mm
in length. However, if this ratio k T
*'

was -changed 1/50 the revolutions per minute

'to
SABOT PROJECTILES
m
4

of the projectile was slowed down. Other changes GENERA.K The German Army begun work ,
on
in construction necessary before converting standi the sabot type of projectile better than a year
ard fuzes .into service in high velocity projectiles before the end* of. the war. Most of .their work
*

were not ascertained. ' * was done ,:at Proving Ground.

the' Hillersleben

EXTERIOR BALLISTICS.
The ftiaximum muzzle
type of projectile
Muzzle Velocity. The projectiles o"f this type that were found at
velocity attained with this, .. the proving ground, were neither loade<l nor fuzed.
be 1,400 m/'s 1,150
was stated to ; In many instances the projectiles were fitted with
4

to 1,120 m/s was believed, however, to be the

most dummy fuzes and were ready for test firing. It

feasible service velocity. is obvious from the collection of different kinds

Dispersion." Dispersion with this type of pro- and types that an attempt whs being made to
jectile was*5|xpected to be as goqct, as that obtained achieve, the most satisfactory and economical' dis-

with normal projectiles. Range dispersion of 1 carding sabot elements, and at the same time ob-
percent was expected and deflection of around tain a profitable increase in nmzzle,velo.eUy. Dif-

shots, however.
"
...
1.5 mm. Actual service tests showed frequent wild

in Form Factor. Lift of the gun was

Change
ferent methods of discarding or ejecting the, sabot

stated as being determined by actual wear on the

muzzle extension. For example,. the s *10.5/8-.cm
muzzle extension was changed when 2 mm of wear
could be measured. As the muzzle extension wears
the studs and rear flange are not completely forced
'«r

down so a change in form factor results. This

change, even if muzzle velocity remained 'constant, .

means a decrease in range and an increase in flight

4 *
. -

time.
personnel stated thai the "hollow space
German BURSTER CnAR
formed, at' the base of the projectile due to the
folding of the Ganges had an elect of increasing
the stability. — DISCARDING
(Conclusions. "following conclusions have
The SA&OT EvXMcNT
been formed, on the- German high velocity pro-
-jectiles of this type designed be fired from guns to.

with- tapered smooth bored muzzle extensions:.

-
Only the 7.5-cm Psk (anl iimfe)"gun "had been
introduced to service. The 10.5/8-cm gun and
projectiles were believed to be^ready for service
but had never gone into production. i

Favored construction is the type with collapsing

(hollow. support) studs forward and soft iron
flange pressed on the rear as rotating band.
No material other than soft iron had been made
available for manufacture of studs and flanges. * '

German personnel feel that copper or a cooper

alloy might be more satisfactory. Y
High explosive loaded projectiles were designed
for all sizes and fired in aU sizes which reached
?)®ufJ26A—$£bo/ Pro/«c///« Typ* A
test status- Standard types of H. E, filers, were > V
w
I *
363
/
(.

r
*
 <"" T

1 f^«

GERMAN EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE *\

(r

1 s

piece discarding- base element is < held in position

by three shear pins and is ejected by trapped .

gases in the base gas trap, ^he gases from the

, *
propellant powder -enter the gas trap by a small *

hole (see fig. 326B) and are contained therein

until the projectile leaves the muzzle of the pro-
jector. Upon leaving the muzzle, the projectile is
'
\ 1

then subject to atmospheric pressure. "Since the -

high pressure gas within the trap, cannot 'escape
quickly enough through the -small opening, the^
V
entire after sabot element is blown free, shearing
the three pins. ,
'

,
\
BURSTER CHARee
«*.•
In. Type B (see fig. 327) the discarding bour-
reletelement of pressed steel is divided into three
r ,

%eparate segments held together in a groove in

the bourrelet by soft iron wire. This retaining.
— — DISCARDING.
-
i

SABOT ELEMENT

i,!

, r
NOSE FUZE
1 * 3C
* j
i
r i
, 4 > *^
"V
* fit'
t T.

O <

*4#.'
« i

-* '

.fir .«'

r &
Figure 3268—Sabot Projectile $ ype A discarding
k ti

sabot element

elements were tested, particular attention being

paid to the design of the contour or streamlining
of the projectile; ih order to obtain ^better flight
"'" '""" '

characteristics.' * •

It was, in most instances, impossible to obtain- BURSTER CHARGE

t.Rfe -nomenclature of the, projectiles, therefore the

following illustrations will be identified by types

|-» T— Jh K, QJ>, E^F+ .G, H, I,.aad,J respectively .and
°Mch type will have, the caliber and subtaliber
~
driven. "

DESCRIPTION: In Ttpb A (see fig. 3,26 A) the DISCARDING

dfsearding -bourrelet element, divided into, three SABOT ELEMENT
pieces, is held -in position by a soft iron band.
This band is cut by the rifling of the projector,
allowing the segments to fall free c}ue to centri-
fugal action, after leaving the muzzle. The single * ' Figure 327 —Sab 9/ Projectile Type B

^t

364
 1 : ' —
G
- '!< *~ aa> i-£- L-.-.r^*" i^EIB" —"V .

'&. PROJECTILES
-!*+*

wire cut by the rifling of the projector, allowing

is
action
the segments to fall free due -to centrifugal
after leaving the muzzle, /the single piece dis-
carding base element^ held in position by a single
pin through* the. base of the projectile.
shear
Same type' of gas pressure ejection as in type A.

IN 1 the ^discarding, bour're-

tr e C (see fig, 328.)

element is \a single piece of soft iron,' parti a fly

.
let
centrifugal
divided, to break into three segments by *

*
force. The element is 'held in position by the 0ISGAR0IN6-
the
nose cap which. screws into the, main body of SABO'T ELEMENT
is held
projectile.- The single piece base element
tp the base of the projectile with four
shear pins.

This type also has the same type' of base gas

I-

•
pressure ejection as type- " A . - *

In Type D (see fig. 329) the discarding bourre-

let element is a single piece of fibre material par-.

^ f
BURSTER CHARGE
9

NOSE FUZE
M-

-J DISCARDING
SASOTELEMENT
T

-DISCARDING Figure 329 Sabot Projectile Type D

SABOT ELEWENT

dally divided to break into four segments.

The
* x

'
* . forward element is positional on the body of the*'

projectile by four- wooden plugs. eMeiidu vg

1

through the element and into the body.

Thc^
..plugs* are, retained by soft wire band* w^ie.h are
of the projector, allo'vung the
BURSTER. CHARGE cut by the rifling
fall -free due to centrifugal actum.,
segments to
'

element' divided into three ^gioenu.

The base is .

which are held to the body by six jtoei V*i*&>

'

*-
«-". **«- t^»^ - —^* -* -
"These segments are held together by' a singi* soft
rotating band. Both the bourrvkt and the
iron
.

centrifugal
base sabot elements are discarded by
action.
i

SABOT Ekt^EWT In Type E (see fig. 330) the arrangement is the

(

D hour relet discarding

I."

«*_ - 'i t

same as type except for the

> x: n- f,'
-

y
i

>* element. This forward element of pressed steel is

r x

divided to break into three segment and

328—Sabot Pro/«c«J« Typ« £ partially
F/gv'r*

(
ji-
fi
365
i i
-T
 — %1

<®

t -fc.

%,
GERMAN EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE
the same as that described for type A. The ihrwi
*
segments of the base element arp poyitioiied on
u
"the body by steel pins and secured by a singkrir/m
J c

rotating band. ^ f^L* .

In '|y?e H (see fig. H$H*K) the discarding bour-

relet element is divided into six separate preyed
steel segments Held together with copper wires;
The copper wires are soldered together to form
rings. .An after discarding sabot element is-
effected by'feight separate segments located on fiie
discarding body of the projectile above thel>oat tail. These *
sabot ele-ment, segxlientAj the details of which are shown *jj figure
U3SB, are locked in position by grooves^and slots in
the body of the, projectile and secured hy two turns
of copper wire. Further obturation is &B&&i&d by*
gaskets* located off the rear element. Both jy-f
-

BURSTER CHARGE
-5
\

\
-i
' >«

<v

NOSE FUSE
_

- *
**

DISCARD INC '

-1 y- ?->>-
s
- - ""'-
-- *
^'

FJ0ur« 330 —Sab of Pro/ech'U F^r^© E

$ASOT ELEMENT
i
* '" ,

/ •
•
•

-/

be discarded by centrifugal action. These seg- -r. - ,

i'

ments are retained by thr^ee steel balls located in

holes in $he body of the projectile and secured by ^v'./
r* * V
set-screws.
3

F
I

the bo'urrelet discarding element for

In Type 't

.type F (see fig. 331A) is the same as tha^for'type BURSTER CHARGE

E. The base, discarding element for F-l, con- - *

structed by plywood with steel inserts, is base gas

•w?
'
^pressure ejected the same as type A. In projectile
F-2 the base element of fibre material is held in
s
r *
**r
*

position by two small «shear pins. The rotating

Band is an integral part of the base element on
both of these projectiles, (See fig. 331B.) ";
ItjISCARDtNG * x

In Type G (see fig. 332) the discarding bourre-

let element is of three sections fitting into a groove

in the ballistic cap oj the projectile and secured by

four turns of iron wire. Method of discarding is f ftgvr* 33 M Sabot Project ih Typm f-7

366
jfr
 . ,

u.

*%

PROJECTILES
S
;/

i ,

DISCARDING ',

SA80T.£i.EMENT r t

->'

„ r, k&

J - ,

O V
FUj£

FUZE ADAPTER. >,

BURSTER CHARGE
\

. DISCARDING
-k _*

/
t
J
1
SABOT
ELEMENT
\ 'A

****
fi

; SABOT ELEMENT y
**'-

'
*
r

4
Figure 33 J B —Sobof PfojecfHe Type F-2
CHARGE
**

*1

BALLISTIC CARJ
1 * >
i v
jj-

. r 4

/.'ARMOR PIERCING CAP „ f

333A-^Sab
•* i •

-DISCARDING
* the sabot elements are freed' by the rifling of the A
.SABOT ELEMENT projector cutting the wife bindings. These seg-
action.
•
.
merits are then discarded by centrifugal
J
eleineiit is
i>
In'' Type, I the discarding bourFelet
constructed of, pressed si eel and' is in live separate
• segments. The segments? are held together .in
+
v

grooves in the projectile. by soft iron wire. .The

_

s-
',
'
method of discarding is tKe same as in type X.
\. >
, There is no base discarding element. .

$U) the projectile is ntted. in

In Type J (see fig.
his
«'.>,-: -J-
alight metal case welded to a base element. '1
tus
J+: case forms the bourreletand thebase eleineiit U,t
iiiu^ie of
i*
the rotating band. After leaving the
the
the projector, the <metal. case is ejected. by
*

332—Sobof •resistance of the air.

1*
* *J
 7" . —
^

=J

gierMan explosive ordnance

A. P. "SABOT" PROJECTILE FOR /5.MM GUN

(?ERMAN NOMENCLATURE: 7.5/58-mm *
Brandt '"Sabot" A. P. projectile. . -(See fig. 3*35.)
*

WEAPONS: '

French field gun 7.5-cm : F. K. 231 (f ) Model:

.-'
97.
Wrench gun: 7.5.-cm K. 232 (f) Model'.97/33.

PROJECTIVE: .

Caliber-! 75/68 mm.

RETAINING BAND"
2 TURNS OF '
CdPPER WIRE

FORWARD DISCARDING SABOT ELEMENT

"

W Kind: "Sabot" .projectile.

Type; A. P.'
Weight: Total weight: 5.93 pounds.
Weight of discarding sabot: 1.171 pounds.
(4 SEGMENTS OF 6) .,.*,'
•
Weight of A. P. core: 4.2 pounds.
^
W Color: Aluminum body, with black ballistic cap
i*n.

0>- *

« o
*

£#.*^L
*1

RETAINING BAND
K
TURNS OF 1
1
.

2
COPPER WIRE
' i.

f..

REA* DmCARDING%ABOT ELEMENT .

t

'"
1,5 SEGMENTS OB '8}

.*>

SURSTER CHARGE
, *ft »

OBTURATOR GASKET RING

"-•* (ST&eV);
..' ' \ 1
1 1

OiSCARDtNG SABOT
ELEMENT- -^ TT
'

4'

i »

'I OBTURATOR GASKETS .

?

'I
tcAROBOARDT ~ '".
.

*
333B—5abot Prolectile Tv Figure 334 Sabot Projectile Type J

368
*»
 : ' ,

./
**%
/

PROJECTILES

small fragments' at a short distance in front of

*fc*
th<* nozzle.
Note 4.—The ballistic cap is of magnesium.
4 i thereby causing a flash when striking t.Ke^ armor
9
6f u tank; thus indicating a Int.
BALLISTIC C^P
H. E. PROJECTILE WITH DISINTEGRATING
BANDS/ 1G5-MM
GERMAN. DESIGNATION '
:'
Not known. (See
*
fig. 336.) s

.EMPLOYMENT: Not 'known!

PROJECTILE, painted yellow:
23.1 pounds, total weight.
1.1 pounds, weight of bursting charge.
* TNT, type of bursting charge.
-Zdlg. C/98 Np booster. * .
'

_
CARTRIDGE CASE: Not known.
¥
' '

J ¥

\ FUZE; Nose percussion fuze. AZ 23 v.

.
*'
» -.-
i
, .
PACKAGING: Ojne in a wooden crate.
REMARKS. At the shoulder of the projectile is

a detachable guide .band. This band is trisected

by cuts almost completely through the band and
DISCARDING the* complete band, which is a pu^h tit \>n the
SABOT ELEMENT
o*
shoulder, js held in position by three ball Uai
ings. These are seated in cavities .-paced dually
round the periphery of the shoulder of ciit- *hM]
5-i

and project into cylindrical drillings through e.a> h

segment of the guide band. The drilling.- uir /

V I
threaded toward the "outer circumference and (he 4

-J ,/ ,
a

ball beariivgs after insertion are tinaJK located

V*
<*', * r
p r

by screws "which seat the outer surface of the

bearings. After .insertion of the balls and dis-

position ing of the three screws, theriefuic, the

, gukle b^nd is firmly attached to I tie shell. U.Mj>

*>
Figure 335 —A. Sabo* Pro/ecfi/e 75~mm;
P. but should trisect ion of (lie guide baud bv tem-
75/58-mm Brandt Sobof ple ted, each segment, together with u& retaining
^all, would. therefore be free to falF away fiun,
CHARGE No charge : present. ,
the shell body.
TRACER: None. The rotating band holder is 1 prated at lb* l mb c
BOOSTER None. :
.of the shelly whichkeyed to receive it
is The
holder itself is in three detached segment.- held
FUZE:^None.
* in position only by the '{soft iron driving l«md.
'

REMARKS ^ Movement is prevented by thr^e cylindrical pj*%##

Note l.-^It is believed that .the 75/58-mra pro- fitting into cavities located in the shell bodv a;>d
from the above Ksted weapons.
jectile is fired the driving band holder. There are ah*o ihire
Note 2.—This projectile is a development by the cylindrical pins between the segiuevas.
French establishment of Edgar Brandt. w
2t *is believed that after leaving the gun the
° -Note 3.-r—The aluminum
body is disassociated guide band and tljp rotating band holdei are each
from the A. P. core and ejected in tlfe shape of split into thicee separate segments, which, -together

J*
•t ri

369
t

\
4-
""'^-1^
 H 1

GERMAN EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE

STUO H0L01NG '. ;

BALL BEARINQ "^- * r.

i ,
r
1
-T r ** * V 1
/ 4 . .

*
: ) <

. » l»

=:> ,

ir

^
i

** >*

43# cm
*
r -
+

)
\ ;
; v

END VIEW
t

J&-

*-
%

> J

r ^

CAVITY FOR CYLINDRICAL / SOFT !R0tf

«?
i
'*

POCE ,
DRIVING. SAND
*' *-$j*i"

336 —
* *

with the ball bearings, pins and cylindrical pieces PROJECTILE:

retaining them are flung off. The remaining pro- 25.6 inches, over-all length.
jectile is then of mueh better aero-dynamic shape 5.84 inches, diameter of bourrelet.

than is possible with a conventional projectile. Soft iron, composition of rotating band.
i

6.01 inches, diameter of base.

H, E. PROJECTILE WITH DISINTEGRATING 63.14 pounds, total weight..

ROTATING BANDS (SABOT TYPE), 1 50-MM > 7.48 pounds, weight of bursting charge.
Smoke box present beneath booster.
GERMAN. NOMENCLATURE : Not known.. Zdlg. 36 booster..
(See fig. 337.) .

,
"156" Stamped on base.
EMPLOYMENT: Not known! "R 9" stenciled on body.

370
i r<-

?
->
 / Mi

V r

PROJECTILES
^ \ -

** f /

CARTRIDGE CASE: Not known. .

0.752* inch^diameter of body midway.
1,128 inches, diameter of base.
FUZE: Nose Percussion Fuze AZ 23v; ZX ounces, total weight
REMARKS the shoulder of the projectile is
: At '.
1,8 ounces', weight of bursting charge.
a detachable guide band. This band is. trisected PETN/Wax, type of bursting charge. -

by- cuts almost completely, through the

band and Tracer present. c:

the complete band, which Is ,a push fit on the "

CARTRIDGE CASE. (German nomenclature,
shoulder, held in position. by three ball bear-
is
P 345.) : .

ings. These are seated in-cavities spaced equally 7.375 inches, over-all length.
round the periphery of t^e shoulder of the shell 1.175 inches, diameter of neck.
and project into cylindrical drillings through each
segment of .the guide band. The drillings are
threaded toward the outer circumference and the
ball bearings 'after insertion are finally located i"

by screws' which seat the outer surface of the bear-

ings. "After insertion of the balls and the posi-
tioning of the three screws, therefore, the guide,
'band is firmly attached to the shell body, but
should trisection of. the guide band be completed,
each segment; together with its retaining ball,
1

would therefore be free to fall away from the shell i *

body.' . ;

'.The rotating band holder is. located at the base

of the shell, which is keyed^ to receive it. The
holder three detached segments held^
itself is in

in position only by the soft iron driving band. *-

Movement is prevented by three cylindrical pieces

fitting into cavities located in the shell body and
the driving band holder. There are also three cy-
lindrical pins between tne segments. 6*
25.
•
It is believed that after leaving the gun the ;

r-*
guide band and the rotating. band holder are each s

split into three separate segments which, together

with the and cylindrical pieces
ball bearings, pins
retaining them are flung off. The remaining pro-
jectile is then of much fetter aerodynamic shape.,
1 *

than is possible with a conventional projectile. .

-*i=

VW
*
i
i

H. JL PROJECTILE FOR TAPERED .BO® *

•
GUM, .-2&20-MM' •'
Lt
"V:

Pi #4
GERMAN NOMENCLATURE:
"'.£

Sprgr. Patr. Fs. „J

3
$ -
t

B41 (Spreng-granate patrone Panzerbuchse 41). "

: ; ';'.
(See fig. 338.) . .
t

EMPLOYMENT: s. Pz. B41 (schweres Panzer-

—Gerlich type tapered bore gun*:
i
i

buchse 41)
COMPLETE ROUND: 8,5 inches, overall
** " t
*

length, .

*n»
PROJECTILE, ! "-* .-*-

painted blac>:<
r + >
2.531 inches, over~allieiigth %
4 .

1.120 inches, diameter of boui

•
•<•'

Ftgurm 337—H.C Prof*€fJ/« JSabof 7yp*) L5Q~mm f

6
371

1*
\
 —

A. P. SHOT WjjW CORE, FOR TAPERED

BORE GUN, 2B-20-MM
GERMAN NOMENCLATURE: Pzgr.-Patr. Pz.
B 41 (Panzergranate patrone Panzerh.uches 41),
(See fig. 339.)

EMPLOYMENT: s. Pz; Bu 41 (schweres Pan-

PAINTED
0LAQK *
zerbuch.se 41) — —
Gerlich type -Tapered bore-,gui/.

COMPLETE ROUND: 8.5 inches, overall

length. -

PROJECTILE: black with red kmd:

2.531 inches, over-all leng£&r.
* /

v*»
'1.129 inches, diamejte/'o'f bourrelet.

r ^ V i
(5.752 inch, widtb'of body midway.
1.128 inches, -diameter of base.
-5H0L£$ .
. 4.6 ounces, total weight.

<K
£-

TUNGSTEN
"1
CARBIDE
S -
CQRE
p

j ,

v* > a '

- r

*
-* ! w ,' • . V
* ..* : Vi ' :
7 r.
5 HOLES
i

r *
r i

* i

r\ I
V*
r

Figure 33* H. £. Prej*cfif« torTapwmd Bon Gun,

28-20-mm Sprgr. Pafr, Px* B4T

r 9

1.567 inches, diameter oi shoulder. a i

1.885 inches,depth of extracting groove. ; ^.

5.3 ounces, weight of propellant.

t-.-

Nz. HP (tubular nitrocellulose) type of pro- i

*

pellant. 41

"*
t

C/13nA primer. -

\"

FUZE kZ : 5072.
b -Hl

* £%
I

Figur*339 —A. P. Shot with Core, for Taptfred Bore

Gun, 28-20 Pxgr, PZ. 841
o *

v *
#
372
 ' ,

* I

% * er\ '"/ *

-*'^-

>
V >> tf

-
340—A. I
r . ... J . I
L
i i
.
-- i i - r
i
,

f<-

^
V»-

*£
'S **\

":^-'i'^
.-,:.- ^ *'WfVO?" «
m
il r *
; ^ iV
-p ™ _f i

r *
&> f <*<

4 Sfn; 'ir '*;'

'pv 5 ?

^^>^'- ,t
<.

-f -
h
v i.
'"r^
Jill ..J « i— J

QMGmck, diameter «* *£*£ t^M^AW' *&;& & iiEAD^DiESlGN), 37-MM ;

Tracer present^-il;i
;»-.
.
^
'
*
» * ^ _ , - - * m * - '
f »r, O"'/^'
ft
(pblA^ 40M#GLATURE: 2U-cm; P^r.
K * * i CARTRIDGE tJAiSE (germltrt ttgi^cliiwtii*
^* . _
;
•.
>JPife.'-' 40! . (Piinifergran ate -Pateoiieri '
* 40' ) -
(see
't ^

H \
^^ i
^' I*

i
#.;*>
*-'.'
EMPLOYMENT : JUf*a& ;Pak
V
;"7-!.'

.'
i.567 .ii^es^wi^^^-'S^^ $ Pit "'

^^^fjbwh0B> depih of efeacting ;gn^yK' :

V4 ^*
'
;5
M ounces; weight o| |ropelIanfe
^&.&^' ; ^.lfaig£fc t .
^2T i' pounds, . total.
;
weigHt; ; .
'

^ :;.;
''.'"'

't -

,« vr j - ^^ «
a
' fv ;'.i
PB^^CTItfe- 3;53i: i^ch'e^y;b'yef *ali; :

::
.
'
Jeiigth
*''''"
i '-'»
IF
1 - tf
•
;^Wtineh^ ^anietet olf tefrelet,
;• ;

vi»;B75 irich^width of irbtati^band; ,;-

* f
;'FUZE : ^N0ne^ : .'-;,; v.
v J
;,'
-J
.r

r V ' '* ,"l' ^

i

#11

' fli
i ^ ,.
?>-v
I"'*' *.
^
4
' *" 373
^ t*

«
^ , i ',
>f # i' V "1 i ^

ii
1
..-'> .•r, y.,^ ,-'
V f < » S"
*' '*
.^ri . *

-f f -* ''l
 GERMAN EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE
1.456 inches, diameter 'of .base; H. E. PROJECTILE FOR TAPERED BORE
'
,' - #
12.34 ounces, total weight. *
GUN, 42-28-MM -

2.26 inches, tungsten carbide core.

0.62 inch, diameter of tungsten carbide core.
G E EM A N NGMENCLATuiE:: 4.^18-cm i

"'.
* Sprgr. Pair. L Pak> 41 (Bprenggranate Patrq-
Tracer is present./ ,

body midway, meh L Pak. 41.) (See fig. 341.), .,

0.937 inch, diameter of .

Markings : "Aux 7a40." EMPL6 YMfiNT L Pak. 41 (L; Panzerabwehik- :

anone-41) % '. -
-,',

CARTRIDGE CASE
', * : '

(German nomenclature, [, r '

•"
'633i)-> ;./'' "
;
*. ;'
i -. ',;
:, COMPLETE; ROijND-: 17.875 inches, over-all
,
•
9.75 inches, pver~all length;
! *-'-* * " length. 2v^92 pounds, total weight.
;

diameter of neck,
1.5 Inches, , PROJECTIIiEi 4,031 iinches, over-all length w/o
1.625 inches, diameter of shoulder.
4
-
fuze.- diameter of body 'inid way.
1.12.5 ..inches,'
v
2.0 inches, diameter of rim.' > >, -

1.^.6 inches,' diameter or fiase.; .U>b7; ounces,

. .

,." •' '

"
' - .

5.0 ounces,, weight of propellents .-.

Q.9S" ounce,, weight of bursting

,

total weight. -

Tubular double base propellant (nitroglycerine '

charge. Cyclonito/Wax (90/10 ) ; vype of burst-

trocell u lose ).'- 4 m
*
.
' an d n i
- .
.-

\-.'-\
':
ing charge.: -

FUZE: None. 4'

CARTRIDGE *CASE (German nomenclature,

^,
flW
- **
"- * *"r * "$&%$)( 15.74.8;' inches, over-all length. 1.45
f :>
inches, diameter of neck. 1.6 inches,- diameter of
*^m,-..
'"W y .,. ^^j^iasg^^i^ass^^* ^ -

LL -

.J > % -" xl V^ - *
' > '
i* . r
.
shoujder. 2.0 inches," diameter at;' extracting
^

ounces, weight* of i propeilant.

:
•

groove.. '-10.94
X-'V v »>

••^ ^ i
.DigLR,-P. (-tubular diethyleneglyiioldi nitrate
vM* -;>': -.>;:,- ** fc/ e
and nitrocellulose) type of propeilant. :C/13nA
v-.-« v;.-

*//. ""u-^-i --'.W:* -i"-/.-- , -v.- , t misM

*
primer. .
f ;

'

- -
«- i"V.|-. *

WpV^Vft
s.-**r*
.rT

fc -•fvi',
"'

-
f -
-as
-.-1:^
** 'J
V -'
, ' '-*-_,

.*
p

*-
- -

-" »
r

FUZE AZ 5072-{similar to A^'5045) : . .

;
'

1 m
f w
* - A
* * I

"^'' >er*'-4> <$'&", -k ftft^rfi.

fell
Hb,
'-'-'-W -
V'V-if' r--
"
*
-
"
r .,"'
'
-

i-
"
. '
'v; l
-,| ' i

. CORE FOR A. P. PROJECTILE W!T.H

iJrj*r -C/.7 1 -,
^'^
^':-.
-T-.

TAPERED BORE GUN, 42-26-MM F

' "!.»= "

"'-T-^v^ ,| .
GERMAN NGMENCLATU'RE,: .4.2-cm— 2.8-
cm (Panzergranate
Pkgr. Patr. L. Pak. 41
Patronen L~>PanzeHbwehrkanone -41 ) ;( See , .

4%M2.) ':.. ; .
.
-._-.
«---

JAlpLOYMENT:. h, Pak. 41 (L. Panzeraibwehr-

'kahoneil). "
'-.'.t .-'

COMPLETE ROUND :
; v
: 18;1 inches, over-all length. .
'
;
-.

'.;
3.34 pounds, total weight »_:.-*
- ^

[
t
painted black: .'

3.70' inches,- over-all •

4
_•'..# -

diameter of body midway.

•1,062 inches,
Vt;^5 inches, diameter of base.
2.25 inches, length- of Tungy ten, carbide core.
:0,594Mnch, dianter of Tungsten carbide core.
y
11.86
.«.--. ounces, total weight.
• •
.

ir present.
-n

CARTRIDGE CASE (German nomenclature,

*' Figure 347—H.f. ffrof«cffl« *•*
W .f .n.-,

42-2i-mm, 4^-2J ^«r. ^«#r. I. ^dk. 41 -hI

45.748 inches, oyer-*li length;
I""'" ,«">'. • r * «* "i • r" L <- "-"
^' *i »|
V» J^,v.- ,- -.

.**
t J.

,\
374 - 1

,- >* "•:..
V .
<

: '.>/':;-<..'-
L
*i'^,

V i-

f
.'1^ ^
'^

,i & I *
 1 -

* I *

>a \4^r *<+

1
*r \

* * PROJECTILES

1.45 inches, diameter of neck.

'*
EMPLOYMENT: 4;7-cm Pak^ (*)';--( Panzer
1.6 inches, diameter of shoulder. abwehrkanone (t)). ,

2.0 inches, depth' of extracting groove.

'
K 36 (t). (Kahone 36;{t)),
4.7-cm

15.32 ounces, weight of propellarit. .-_'. COMPLETE ROUND: t£jH inches, overall
» * .length. .2.50 kg, total weight, /''..
Tubular Gudoi, type of propellant.
PROJECtlLE painted black- --'-'.
C/lSnA primer.
6,375 inches-, over-all length \y itii. tracer. ;

* f
. 1.187 inches,, diameter of .body in id way. :
WITH TUNGSTEN CARBIDE
L

A. P: PROJECTILE \
0.51 inch, width of rotating band..;
CORE (ARROWHEAD DESICN), 47-MM/ 1.81 pounds, total weight.
'

.V-j

GERMAN NOMENCLATURE : 4.7-cm Pzgr. Tungsten carbide core.

3.0 inches, length of
Patr. 40 (Panzergraiiate Patronen 40).
fig. 3430 *

V>.-
... PLASTIC VENT
,(866

,
"
0.812 inch, diameter of Tungsten carbide -core.
Tracer present. '''.'"
^*

i f>

HOLE r '"
<- 4 .
t 4

» i
r£>^
*>-*
vN>r

-a

*>* *
IT*A r'i
>r
J*.

> ^ 1r t™

r 1

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T
ALUMMUM ALLOY r-»7- -*•

BALLISTIC CAP '< ^

S

*- " 1'i
^
V Ar^
r-i:*

'r
- *
1 *
\-

DARK RED PHENOLIC * - ^

i*/i

APLASTIC FILLING
-..«*
*i:=
*-.

^*H
>«
1
i76
i-t -Wl^.
/r.

r l.

*H - -'
J]"
. 'l
bi / rf

J 7

/,

W
' .o
r^^
fr^--=i

BJU1 -SPACED HOLES -1-*!*

*-i
.**

?*?i

'Ma\ L^?^ f.W*^

V *-:

/ w
HI
"r „

>-
ff%]

Wv *
CARStoe >.
-- ' ^ <
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-
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'.il>MV|..Hv* v;:^
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4 &4 J-cm Pijr J f arY; i. Pak. 41 * . * A*

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GERMAN EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE

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PAINTED BLACK PLASTIC NOSE

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F(gur« 343±—A. P Projmctilo with Tvngz!®® Carbids Cora (Arrowhead

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PROJECTILE WITH TUNGSTEN

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CARTRIDGE CASE
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(German nomenclature, . P.
CORF(ARRdWHEADV 5C-7AM
.CARBIDE 5

15.944 inches, over-all length.

GERMAN NOMENCLATURE: 5-em Pzgr.
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p.98 .inches, diameter of .neck. *

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46 KwK (Panzergranate, Pat rone 40
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2.12 inches, diameter of shoulder. '

Kampfwagenkanone). (See fig. 344:)

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* EMPLOYMENT: 5-em \ KwK Kampfwagen-
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kanone-r-Tank Giin.
M 33 primer. . ..

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PROJECTILES
5
5-cm KwK 39 Kampfwagenkanone 39- -Tank 1.95 pounds, total weight.
Gun 39. 21937 inches, length of tungsten carbide core.
5-em Pak 38 Panzerabwehrknnone 38- •A.nti- 0.81 inch, diameter of core.

tank Gun 38. 0.74 pound, weight of core. /

Tracer in cup at base;
COMPLETE ROUND : Description of c/r is for
5-cm KwK. .-14.48 inches, over-all length. 5
CARTRIDGE CASE (German nomenclature
"6317 (fixed)):
pounds 3 ounces, total weight.
11.342 inches, over-all length,
PROJECTILE .painty black: 2,035 inches, diameter of neck.
5.75 inches, over-all. . 2,668 inches, diafneter of shoulder. \

length w/traeer. 3.085 inch^f diameter of base*

1.95" inches, diameter of bourrelet. 1.87 pounds, weight of case.
2.269 inches, diameter of rotating band. 1.2 pounds, tubular diglyeol propellent*
0.5 inch, vridth of rotating band.
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C/22 31 grain electric primer. "
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1.258 inches, diameter of body midway. FUZE: No fuze is employed. '

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