P sychology ,E schatology , and I magInatIon I n m ull adr s h r z s c ommEntary on

thE ad th of a wakEnIng Mohammed Rustom adth ing by the famous Safavid philosopher, Mull adrShrz. In the context of his commentary uponthis tradition, adr discusses the nature of imaishments in the Afterlife. Here, adr challengessome of the eschatological views of Shihb alDnSuhraward, while drawing upon both Ibn Arabs Keywords: Mull adr; Islamic philosophy; Islamic perspectives al-ns niym fa-idh mt intabahadth ayt al-duny adth

n Islam & Science n upon its significance at great length. A noteworthy exception is Mulladr Shrz (d. 1050/1641), who wrote an important commentary uponadrs commentary on this adth

adth of awakening is often ascribed to the Prophet or Imm Al. Itis not to be found in the major Sunn adth Adth-i mathnaw (Tehran: Chp-khnah-yi Dnishgh, 1956), 181 (# 433),Bad al-Zamn Furznfar notes that this tradition is attributed tothe Prophet by Ibrhm b. Al alur (d. 413/1022) in the latters Zahr al-db , 4 vols. (Cairo: Al-Maktabah al-Tijriyyah al-Kubr, 1953),1:60. For an attribution of this tradition to Al in Sh sources, seeMuammad Bqir Majls, Bir al-anwr , 110 vols. (Tehran: Jawwdal-Alaw wa Muammad khwund, 1956-1972), 4:43. The adth Nahj al-balghah. 2. See Muy al-Dn b. al-Arab, Al-Futt al-makkiyyah, 4 vols. (Beirut:Dr al-dir, n.d), 1:207, 313; 2:313, 351, 379, 380; 4:19, 404, 434 (cited Fu al-ikam , ed. A.A. Aff (Beirut: Dr al-Kutub al-Arab, 1946), 99, 159; Ab Ibrhm Mustaml Bukhr, Shar-i taarruf (Lucknow, 1910), 3:98; Ab mid Muammad al-Ghazl, Iy ulm al-dn , 6 vols. (Beirut: Dr al-Wa, 1997), 1:15; 3:381; 4:246, 260; Idem, Al-Munqidh min al-all , ed. A.. Mamd (Cairo: Dr al-Kutub,1968), 79; Amad al-Ghazl, Rislat al-ayr , 6, in Ghazl, Majmah- yi thr-i frs-yi Amad Ghazl

, ed. A. Mujhid, 2Muassasah-yi Intishrt wa Chp-i Dnishgh-i Tihrn, 1991), 218;Ayn al-Qut Hamadn, Tamhdt , 108, in Hamadn, Muannaft ed. A. Osseiran (Tehran: Chp-khnah-yi Dnishgh, 1962); Azz al-Dn Nasaf, Sukhan-i ahl-i wadat dar bayn-i lam , 271, in Nasaf, Le livre de lhomme parfait , ed. M. Mol (Tehran: Departement dIranologiede lInstitut Franco-Iranien, 1962). As noted by Furznfar ( op. cit. adth of awakening is alluded to by Jall al-Dn Rm (d. 672/1273) Mathnaw . See Rm, The Mathnaw of Jalaluddn Rm , ed. and trans. R.A. Nicholson, 8 vols. (London: Luzac,1924-1940), 3:99 (Persian), 4:97 (English). Outside Sufi literature, the Rasil of the Ikhwn al-af(fl. 4/10 c.). See Ikhwn al-af, Al-Rasil , 4 vols. (Beirut: Dr al-dir, 1957), 2:455.3. Although Mull adr wrote a partial adth commentary on al-Kulayns(d. 329/941) Ul al-kfShar ul al- kf , ed. M. Khwjaw (Tehran: Muassasah-yi Mulat wa Taqqt-iFarhang, 1366 A.H. solar)), his commentary on the adthTafsr al-Qurn al-karm

, ed. M. Khwjaw, 7 vols.(Qom: Intishrt-i Bdr, 1987-1990), 5:239-248. The commentary

Mohammed Rustom n from the 4th/10th to the 11th/17th centuries. 4 will therefore discuss the most important features of Mull adrs com adth adth Forms in this World and the Next World Mull adr begins his commentary on the adth umr occurs in the context of adrs discussion of verse 57 of Srah ysn philosophy, Allmah Muammad usayn abab, adrs adth treatise. See Muammad usayn abab, adr al-Dn Muammadibn Ibrhm Shrz: the renewer of Islamic Philosophy in the 11/17 Mull adr CommemorativeVolume (Tehran: Dnishgh-i Tihrn, 1961), 33. See also S.H. Nasr, The Transcendent Theosophy of adr al-Dn Shrz , 48; 52, n. 27. adr adth elsewhere in his oeuvre, often attributing it to Al. Al-ikmat al-mutaliyah f al-asfr al-aqliyyah al- arbaah , 9 vols. (Beirut, Dr Iy al-Turth al-Arab, 2002, repr. ed.),7:28;

Maft al-ghayb , ed. M. Khwjaw (Beirut, Muassasah al-Trkhal-Arab, 2002, repr. ed.), 81; TafsrAl-Mabda wa al- mad , ed. Jall al-Dn shtiyn (Tehran: Imperial Iranian Academyof Philosophy, 1976), 427, adr seems to attribute this tradition to thep. 409, this time without attributing it to anyone. See Sayyid SadruddinTaheri, A Critical Study of Resurrection in the Quranic Commentaryand Philosophical Ideas of adr al-Mutaallihin (sic.). Islam-West Philosophical Dialogue: The Papers Presented at the World Congress on Mulla Sadra (May, 1999, Tehran)Eschatology, Exegesis, Hadith the context of his treatment of adrs views on resurrection, Taheridiscusses a few passages from adrs commentary on the adthop. cit 4. For a survey of the nature and development of theoretical or doctrinalSufism, see S. H. Nasr, Theoretical Gnosis and Doctrinal Sufism and Transcendent Philosophy