Assignment Brief 2 (RQF)

Higher National Certificate/Diploma in Business

Student Name/ID Number: Bùi Minh Dũng/ GCS210635

Unit Number and Title: Unit 43 – Internet of Things

Academic Year: 2022

Unit Assessor: Ho Hai Van

Assignment Title: Assignment 2 – Internet of Things

Issue Date:

Submission Date: 14/12/2022

Internal Verifier Name:

Date:

Submission Format:

Format: This assignment is an Individual assignment and specifically including 1 document:

You must use font Calibri size 12, set number of the pages and use multiple line spacing at
1.3. Margins must be: left: 1.25 cm; right: 1 cm; top: 1 cm and bottom: 1 cm. The reference
follows Harvard referencing system. The recommended word limit is 2.000-2.500 words.
You will not be penalized for exceeding the total word limit. The cover page of the report
has to be the Assignment front sheet 2.
Submission Students are compulsory to submit the assignment in due date and in a way requested by
the Tutors. The form of submission will be a soft copy posted on
http://cms.greenwich.edu.vn/
Note: The Assignment must be your own work, and not copied by or from another student or from
books etc. If you use ideas, quotes or data (such as diagrams) from books, journals or other sources, you
must reference your sources, using the Harvard style. Make sure that you know how to reference
properly, and that understand the guidelines on plagiarism. If you do not, you definitely get fail

Unit Learning Outcomes:

LO1 Analyse what aspects of IoT are necessary and appropriate when designing software applications
LO2 Outline a plan for an appropriate IoT application using common architecture, frameworks, tools,
hardware and APIs
LO3 Develop an IoT application using any combination of hardware, software, data, platforms and

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services.
LO4 Evaluate your IoT application and detail the problem your IoT application solves, the potential
impact on people, business, society and the end user and the problems it might encounter when
integrating into the wider IoT ecosystem

Assignment Brief and Guidance:

You currently work as a product developer for a new startup where you design IoT products for the
consumer, corporate, government and defence clients. As part of your role your manager has tasked you
to plan and develop a new IoT product, service or application for a potential client. You are required to
identify a target user and conduct tests with this user and include this feedback into multiple iterative
versions of your product.

Part 1 (Assignment 1):: For the first part, you must:

 Plan an IoT application for a specific target end user and the tests you intend to conduct with this
user. This plan will be in the form of a document and will include supporting evidence and
material, such as user personas and customer journey maps.
 Create multiple iterations of your application and modify each iteration with enhancements
gathered from user feedback and experimentation. This will follow the pathway outlined in your
plan.(log book,)

Part 2 (Assignment 2): For the second part, you must produce a report to prove that:

 Show evidence about Developed IoT application using any combination of hardware, software,
data, platforms and services (video or images of your IoT system with code snippet)
 Evaluate your IoT application and detail the problem your IoT application solves, the potential
impact on people, business, society and the end user and the problems it might encounter when
integrating into the wider IoT ecosystem

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 Learning Outcomes and Assessment Criteria

Pass Merit Distinction

LO3 Develop an IoT application using any combination of hardware, software, data, platforms and
services.

P5 Employ an appropriate set
of tools to develop your plan
into an IoT application.
P6 Run end user experiments
and examines feedback.
M5 Reconcile and evaluate end D3 Critical evaluate security
user feedback and determine risks that your application might
advantages and disadvantages of encounter.
your chosen IoT techniques.

LO4 Evaluate your IoT application and detail the problem your IoT application solves, the potential
impact on people, business, society and the end user and the problems it might encounter when
integrating into the wider IoT ecosystem

P7 Evaluate end user
feedback from your IoT
application.
M6 Undertake a critical review
and compare your final application
with the original plan.
D4 Critique the overall success
of your application. Did it solve
your problem? What is the
potential impact on people,
business, society and the end
user? What problems might it
encounter when integrating into
the wider IoT ecosystem?

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 Table of content

P5. Employ an appropriate set of tools to develop your plan into an IoT application. ............................. 5
Scenario ......................................................................................................................................................... 5
Tools used in the project .............................................................................................................................. 5
Installation .................................................................................................................................................... 9
Working principle ...................................................................................................................................... 15
Code ............................................................................................................................................................. 15
Problem ....................................................................................................................................................... 17
P6. Run end-user experiments and examines feedback. ............................................................................ 18
Demonstration ............................................................................................................................................ 18
Test case ...................................................................................................................................................... 21
P7. Evaluate end user feedback from your IoT application. ..................................................................... 21
Requirements .............................................................................................................................................. 21
Feasibility .................................................................................................................................................... 22
Commercialization ..................................................................................................................................... 22
Improvement .............................................................................................................................................. 22
User feedback ............................................................................................................................................. 23
Reference ........................................................................................................................................................ 27

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 Assignment 2

P5. Employ an appropriate set of tools to develop your plan into an

IoT application.

Scenario
The project of my group is to create a lock system using password. This lock system can provide users a lot
of benefits. To be more specific, this system can help users to protect their personal property efficiently, and
this system is also easy to use which can be environment-friendly. To create this system, there are some
tools must be prepared, and also using the Arduino IDE and API.

Tools used in the project

In my project, there are some hardware, software, and API are applied.

 Hardware:
 1 Arduino UNO board

Figure 1: Arduino UNO R3 board

A detachable, dual-inline-package (DIP), ATmega328 AVR microprocessor serves as the

foundation of the Arduino Uno R3 microcontroller board. 20 digital input/output pins are
included (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs and 6 can be used as analog inputs). It may be
programmed using the user-friendly Arduino computer software. The Arduino is a relatively
simple approach to begin working with embedded electronics thanks to its large support network.
The third and most recent generation of the Arduino Uno is called R3.
(pololu.com, 2022)

 1 breadboard

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 Figure 2: Breadboard

Temporary circuits are constructed using a breadboard, often known as a plug-block. Designers
may quickly remove and change components because to its usefulness. It is helpful for someone
who wants to construct a circuit to show how it works before reusing the parts in another circuit.
(Bishop, 2001)

 3 LEDs

Figure 3: LEDs

Small, powerful lights called LEDs (light-emitting diodes) are often utilized in electrical equipment.
An LED light is a polarized component, which means that for it to function correctly, it must be
connected to a circuit in a certain way. Each LED has a positive leg and a negative leg, specifically.
These may be recognized visually because to the lengthened negative leg.
(idew, 2018)

 3 220ohm resistors

Figure 4: 220ohm resistors

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 A 220Ω resistor has red, red, and brown stripes in that order. The last stripe represents the
tolerance. Gold means ±5%.

 1 L298 Dual H-Bridge

Figure 5: L298 Dual H-Bridge

The TTL logic signals are received by the L298 motor drive chip, which operates at high voltage
and current.
(Yida, 2019)

 1 infrared receiver

Figure 6: Infrared receiver

A radiation-sensitive optoelectronic component with spectral sensitivity in the infrared

wavelength range of 780 nm to 50 m is known as an infrared sensor (IR sensor). Motion
detectors, which are used in building services to turn on lights or in alarm systems to detect
unwanted visitors, now frequently use IR sensors.
(Infratec, 2022)

 1 DC gear motor

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 Figure 7: DC gear motor

A gear motor combines a motor and gearbox into one unit. When a gear head is added to a motor,
the speed is decreased but the production of torque is increased. In terms of gear motors, speed
(rpm), torque (lb-in), and efficiency (%) are the most crucial variables.
(ISL Products, 2022)

 1 9v battery

Figure 8: 9V battery

The 9V battery, which is quite popular nowadays, was initially used in transistor radios. It has
two snap connections that are placed at the top of the battery and has a rectangular prism form.
The 9V battery is produced by a huge variety of battery manufacturers, both big and small.
(MicroBattery.com, 2022)

 1 IR remote

Figure 9: IR remote

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 (InfraRed remote control) A portable, wireless device that uses light signals in the infrared (IR)
spectrum to control audio, video, and other electronic equipment inside a room.
(Ziff Davis, 2022)

 Software:
 Arduino IDE

Figure 10: Arduino IDE

The open-source software known as the Arduino IDE is used to create and upload code to Arduino
boards. For different operating systems, including Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux, the IDE program
is appropriate. The programming languages C and C++ are supported. Integrated Development
Environment is referred to in this sentence.
(JavaTpoint, 2021)

 API:
 IRremote

Figure 11: API IRremote

Installation

Step 1:

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Figure 12: Step 1

Install the 3 led lights onto the breadboard and place 3 220ohm resistors on the positive side of each led
light. Ensure that the LED lights are placed correctly with the long pin on the side where the resistor makes
contact.

Step 2:

Figure 13: Step 2

Connect the negative side of the LED to the negative line of the breadboard using breadboard wires.

Step 3:

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Figure 14: Step 3

Connect the negative line of the breadboard to the GND of the Arduino board, and the positive line to the 5v
pin of the board.

Step 4:

Figure 15: Step 4

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Figure 16: Step 4

Prepare the IR module with the right connection. Put the positive pin of the module to the positive line, the
negative to the negative line of the breadboard, and the signal pin to pin 3 of the Arduino board.

Step 5:

Figure 17: Step 5

Next, connect the positive side of the LED lights to the appropriate pin on the Arduino board. The red light
will use pin 9, the yellow use pin 11, and the green use 13.

Step 6:

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Figure 18: Step 6

Prepare the L298 Dual H-Bridge with the right connection. We will be using the following port: port Out1
and Out2 will be used to control the motor, pin N1 and N2 will be used to receive the signal from the
Arduino board, the 12V+ and GND port will be connected to the 9V battery, the GND port of the bridge will
also connect with the GND port of the Arduino. The 9v battery will be used to power the module and the
motor.

Step 7:

Figure 19: Step 7

Make the appropriate connect from the module to the Arduino board. The N1 and N2 port will be connected
to ports 7 and 6 of the Arduino board.

Step 8:

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Figure 20: Step 8

Connect ports Out1 and Out2 to the DC motor's connections. Makes sure that the pin does not make contact
with the metal housing of the motor to prevent a short circuit. As mentioned before, the motor can alter the
direction of its spinning if we change the way the electric current move. The Out1 should always be
connected to the positive side of the motor.

Step 9:

Figure 21: Step 9

Now we connect the 9v battery to port 12V+ and GND of the module. By doing this, we now can power the
module and the motor.

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Working principle
When the system starts, users should press the reset password button, and then they should input the 4-digit
password.
After the setup process is completed by users, if the users input the correct password, the green LED will
shine and the door will be opened. The door will be kept opening for 4 seconds before closing. However, if
users input the wrong password, the red LEDs will blink 4 times to announce the incorrect password.
When users want to adjust the password, they should press the reset password button. After that, the yellow
LED will shine, and users should input the default password. If users input the correct password, the yellow
LED will turn into dark color and the green LED will shine, and users will input a new 4-digit password.
After that, the green LED will stop shining and spring back to the standby phase. However, if users input the
wrong password, the red LED will blink 4 times and stop the password modification process.

Code
Start-up mode

First, it takes the first user's input and set that input to be recognized as calling for the password reset
function.
Next, the next four signal received by the system will be recognized by the system as password. If the user
enters these four inputs when in standby mode, the door will open
When it detects these changes are done, it set the variable "startUp" to false to exit out of setup mode.

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Standby mode

It takes the signal it receives and write it into an array.

When this array is full, it checks whether this array has the same inputs as the array in the setup mode.

If it is the same array, it opens the door. The door will return to standby mode when the user clicks a button
to close the door.
If it is not the same, it blinks the LED light rapidly and return to standby mode again waiting for input.

Password reset mode

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First, it requires the user to input the original password that was in startup mode.
 If the input is not the same as the one in startup mode, it will blink the light rapidly and return the
user back to standby mode.
 If the input is correct, it will allow the user to set up a new password.
When the new password setup is completed, it will return the user back to standby mode.

Problem
A slight difficulty occurred during the motor's manufacture. The motor can be controlled with the low and
high outputs from the Arduino's pins, thus we didn't need to utilize a separate power supply (9V battery) and
the L298 Dual H-Bridge while modeling on Tinkercad. This was not the case in reality since the Arduino pin
can only generate 40 mA whereas the motor needs up to 100 mA to operate. In order to somewhat alter the
design, we acquired a l298 Dual H-Bridge to control the motor and a separate power supply to power both
the motor and the H-Bridge.

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P6. Run end-user experiments and examines feedback.

Demonstration

Figure 22

Startup mode: 3 lights on.

Figure 23

Reset button set, green light off.

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Figure 24

Password set, yellow light off. The system goes into standby mode, the door stays close.

Figure 25

Password correct, door open.

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Figure 26

Password reset mode. The user needs to input the original password.

Figure 27

Correct password, user can now change the default password.

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Test case

Test case Input data Expected output Actual output Result

Ensure that the door is Password: 1 1 1 1 Light blink red 4 time and Door stays closed and
Pass
password protected Input: 2 2 2 2 door stays closed rapid blinking light
Red light blink 4 times Red light blink 4 times and
Reseting password with Old password: 1 1 1 1
and return system to return system to standby Pass
incorrect old password User input: 2 2 2 2
standby mode mode
Old password: 1 1 1 1 Password is changed, and Password is now changed,
Reseting password with the
User input: 1 1 1 1 door can be opened with and door can be opened Pass
correct old password
New password: 2 2 2 2 new password with new password
Green light turned on, red Green light turned on, red
Opening door by inputing the Password: 1 1 1 1
turned off, and door is turned off, and door is Pass
correct password Input: 1 1 1 1
opened and stayed open opened and stayed open
Hitting any button on
Door is closed, green light Door is closed, green light
Closing door the remote while door Pass
off, and red light turn on off, and red light turn on
is opened
Ensure that setup function Reset button: 1 System accepts inputs and System accepts inputs and
Pass
work as intended Password : 2 2 2 2 goes to standby mode goes to standby mode
Using password with the System does not allow System does not allow and
Reset button: 1
same signature as the reset and goes to password goes to password reset Pass
Password : 1 1 1 1
button reset mode mode

The conclusion from the test case: When the door is fully closed, the motor can continue to rotate and make
a sound.

P7. Evaluate end user feedback from your IoT application.

Requirements
The product can adapt to the safety requirement of the users. This is because in order to open the door, users
must enter the correct password. And the door is also tough enough to not be broken by bad guys.
This product is also very convenient because it uses the remote to control, so users can control the system
from far away.
The price of this product is also very reasonable, which can be affordable for most users from different
financial classes.
This product is also very easy to use, and can also be easily used by different ages from children to the
elderly.

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Feasibility
Regarding the technical aspect, the steps to create and prepare this product are not too difficult, so it is
possible for technicians from beginners to seniors to set up. The tools required for this product can be easily
found in some local technical stores.
Regarding the economic aspect, the prices of those tools are also reasonable for organizations to buy. If the
project is fully developed, the expected revenue of the project can be high. Therefore, the profit and return
on investment of companies can be significantly boosted.
Based on the 2 aspects above, I believe that the project can be suitable for most organizations. For some
companies that focus on increasing annual profits, this project can be fully adaptable. So, I firmly believe
that this project can be feasible.

Commercialization
Budget to prepare for the system: roughly 262000 VND. (without model)
The product can be scale up and apply in real world.
The product can be easily set up and prepared with a redundance of hardware tools. Therefore, the mass
production of the system can be feasible. With the expansion of the population, a lot of people are pushed to
the verge of unemployment, so they have no choice but to resort to illegal activities to earn basic needs. This
issue increases the number of crimes, which can threaten local dwellers’ lives. The presence of an efficient
lock system can make a huge difference. Thus, the demand for this system is very high to prevent crimes to
pose threat to residents’ lives and property.

Improvement
 To improve capacity and provide longer uptime, we should ideally be utilizing a series of six 1.5V
batteries.
 Because we employ a specified time delay, the motor may continue to operate after the door has
finished shutting. This results in a loud noise from the motor rotating and being pulled away from the
door rail. If the project is reworked, we should add a method to manage motor speed when the door is
about to close in order to stop the motor from turning.
 In addition, a laser system that determines whether the door has fully closed or not might be enabled,
stopping the motor. This might also serve as a safety feature to stop the door from shutting if
something is in the way.

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User feedback

Figure 28: User feedback 1

From the above figure, we can see that all the feedback takers agreed that the project work as intended.

Figure 29: User feedback 2

From the above figure, we can see that most of the feedback takers agreed with the view that the project’s
usability is high. With the presence of only 40% of total feedback takers believed that the project is very
usable.

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Figure 30: User feedback 3

From the above figure, we can see that the 80% of feedback takers believed that the project is highly
accessible, with only 20% of the total thought that this project is accessible.

Figure 31: User feedback 4

From the above figure, we can see that most of feedback takers believed that this project’ s working
principle is very easy to understand, with only 1/5 of total response is this principle can be understood.

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Figure 32: User feedback 5

From the above figure, we can see that the device is very easy to control (based on 80% of feedback takers),
with only 1/5 of total feedback takers believe that the system is quite easy to control.

Figure 33: User feedback 6

From the above figure, we can see that the device can be possibly scale-up, with 100% of total number of
feedback takers agreed with this view.

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Figure 34: User feedback 7

From the above figure, we can see that the project sees 100% of total number of feedback takers believed
that the system is economically viable.

Figure 35: User feedback 8

From the figure, we can see that the 100% of total number of feedback takers thought that the project has
satisfied all requirements.

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Reference
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[Accessed 14th Dec. 2022].
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Rana, K., (2022). Test Case – Definition, Attributes, and Examples. [online] Available at:
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[Accessed 21st Dec. 2022].
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https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/breadboard [Accessed 21st Dec. 2022].
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for-wiring-and-coding/led-light [Accessed 21st Dec. 2022].
Yida, 2019. L298, a Dual H-Bridge Motor Driver module. [online] Available at:
https://www.seeedstudio.com/blog/2019/10/08/l298-all-about-l298-motor-driver/ [Accessed 21st Dec. 2022].
Infratec, (2022). Infrared Sensor - IR Sensor. [online] Available at: https://www.infratec.eu/sensor-
division/service-support/glossary/infrared-sensor/ [Accessed 21st Dec. 2022].
ISL, (2022). DC MOTOR & SMALL GEAR MOTORS – BASICS. [online] Available
at:https://islproducts.com/design-note/dc-motor-dc-gear-motor-basics/ [Accessed 21st Dec. 2022].
MicroBattery, (2022). What are 9V batteries?[online] Available at:
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[Accessed 21st Dec. 2022].
Ziff Davis, (2022). IR remote. [online] Available at: https://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia/term/ir-remote-
control [Accessed 21st Dec. 2022].
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