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Nella forma affermativa l'uso di To Do aggiunge una speciale enfasi alla frase ed principalmente
usato quando l'interlocutore esprime un dubbio relativo all'azione di cui si parla
ESEMPI:
Non mi ami
ti amo
non hai studiato
ho studiato davvero
In inglese
I didn't go to the
restaurant with them last
night, because I had
already had dinner.
TEORIA
Shall I compare thee
Traduzione Let terale
Shal l I compare thee to a summer day? = you
Ti paragono a un giorno des tate?
Thou are more lovely and more temperate.
Tu sei pi incantevole e pi mi te.
Rough winds do shake the darl ing buds of May,
Violent i vent i scuotono i car i germogl i di maggio,
And summer s lease hath al l too short a date: = has ***
E la durata del l es tate ha una scadenza t roppo breve.
Somet imes too hot the eye of heaven shines ,
A vol te t roppo caldo l occhio del cielo (i l sol e ) splende,
And of ten i s his golden complexion dimmd; = dimmed
E spes so la sua dorata carnagione oscurata;
And every fair from fair some t ime decl ines ,
Ed ogni bel lez za dal la bel lez za qualche vol ta diminui sce,
By chance, or nature s changing course untrimmd; = untrimmed
Per caso, o i l mutevole cor so del la natura non diminui to;
But thy eternal summer shal l not fade = your
Ma la tua eterna es tate non svani r
Nor lose pos ses s ion of that fair thou ow st; = you own
N perderai pos ses so di quel la bel lez za (che) tu pos s iedi ;
So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,
Fino a quando gl i uomini pos sono respi rare o gl i occhi pos sono vedere,
So long l ives thi s , and thi s gives lif e to thee. = you
Fino a quando vive ques to (so n e t to ), e ques to da vi ta a te .
Comment:
The speaker opens the poem with a question addressed to the beloved: Shall I compare thee to a summers
day? The next eleven lines are devoted to such a comparison. In line 2, the speaker stipulates what mainly
differentiates the young man from the summers day: he is more lovely and more temperate. Summers days
tend toward extremes: they are shaken by rough winds; in them, the sun (the eye of heaven) often shines
too hot, or too dim. And summer is fleeting: its date is too short, and it leads to the withering of autumn, as
every fair from fair sometime declines. The final quatrain of the sonnet tells how the beloved differs from the
summer in that respect: his beauty will last forever (Thy eternal summer shall not fade...) and never die. In
the couplet, the speaker explains how the beloveds beauty will accomplish this feat, and not perish because
it is preserved in the poem, which will last forever; it will live as long as men can breathe or eyes can see.
Commentary
This sonnet is certainly the most famous in the sequence of Shakespeares sonnets; it may be the most
famous lyric poem in English. Among Shakespeares works, only lines such as To be or not to be and
Romeo, Romeo, wherefore art thou Romeo? are better-known. This is not to say that it is at all the best or
most interesting or most beautiful of the sonnets; but the simplicity and loveliness of its praise of the beloved
has guaranteed its place.
On the surface, the poem is simply a statement of praise about the beauty of the beloved; summer tends to
unpleasant extremes of windiness and heat, but the beloved is always mild and temperate. Summer is
incidentally personified as the eye of heaven with its gold complexion; the imagery throughout is simple
and unaffected, with the darling buds of May giving way to the eternal summer, which the speaker
promises the beloved. The language, too, is comparatively unadorned for the sonnets; it is not heavy with
alliteration or assonance, and nearly every line is its own self-contained clausealmost every line ends with
some punctuation, which effects a pause.
Sonnet 18 is the first poem in the sonnets not to explicitly encourage the young man to have children. The
procreation sequence of the first 17 sonnets ended with the speakers realization that the young man might
not need children to preserve his beauty; he could also live, the speaker writes at the end of Sonnet 17, in
my rhyme. Sonnet 18, then, is the first rhymethe speakers first attempt to preserve the young mans
beauty for all time. An important theme of the sonnet (as it is an important theme throughout much of the
sequence) is the power of the speakers poem to defy time and last forever, carrying the beauty of the
beloved down to future generations. The beloveds eternal summer shall not fade precisely because it is
embodied in the sonnet: So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, the speaker writes in the couplet,
So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.
Trad.commento
My mistress eyes
My mis tress' eyes are nothing like the sun;
Gl i occhi del la mia donna non sono come i l sole;
commento tradotto:
Il sonetto 130 DI SHAKESPEARE ha principalmente due interpretazioni : il primo quello di
sovvertire l'ordine acquisito (ed abusato ,oltre che ipocrita) di idealizzare la donna angelo,che
spesso non si era mai realmente amato ,o addirittura era un personaggio inventato,di fantasia, o
comunque si narravano delle qualita' piu' immaginarie che reali. la seconda interpretazione e'
quella che identifica la dark lady, la dama bruna, con la morte .
Il sonetto 130 e' formato da due parti : nelle 3 quartine si descrivono le qualita' negative della
donna amata ,nel distico invece dichiara di amarla proprio per la sua originalita'.Il confronto e' tutto
tra la donna petrarchesca e la la dark lady ,in maniera polemica, ironica e grottesca, e sebbene
all'inizio sembra risolversi tutto in favore della donna usata a modello dal Petrarca,si conclude con
l'abbandono del modello petrarchesco,poiche' e' meglio una donna normale ma vera che una