Reg. No. : K 4265 B.E/B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, MAY/JUNE 2009. Seventh Semester Electronics and Communication Engineering EC 1402 — OPTICAL COMMUNICATION (Common to B.E. (Part-Time) Sixth Semester - Regulation 2005) (Regulation 2004) ‘Time : Three hours Maximum : 100 marks Answer ALL questions. PART A — (10x 2 = 20 marks) Define acceptance angle and critical angle of the fiber. What is fiber birefringence and fiber beat length? A 100 km fiber is used in a communication system. The fiber has 3.0 dB/km loss. What will be the output power, when the input power fed at the input of fiber is 500 4. W? What is the need for mode coupling in optical fiber? When a LED has 2 V applied to its terminals, it draws 100 mA and produces 2 mW of optical power. Determine the LED conversion efficiency from electrical to optical power? What is the principle of operation of LASER? Define quantum efficiency and responsivity of photodetector, A silicon avalanche photodiode has a quantum efficiency of 65% at a wavelength of 900 nm. If 0.5 «W optical power produces a multiplied photocurrent of 10 yA. Determine its primary photon current and multiplication factor.9. Define modal noise and mode partition noise. 10. What are the advantages of using soliton signals through fiber? PART B — (5 x 16 = 80 marks) 11. (a) (Derive an expression to determine the modes propagating in step- index fiber. ap (ii) Calculate the numerical aperture, cut-off parameter and number of ‘modes supported by a fiber having’ 41,(core)= 1.54, 4, (cladding) = 15, core radius 25 um and operating wavelength 1300 nm. (5) Or (b) What are the various features of graded index fiber? Explain the refractive index profile and ray transmission in a multimode graded index fiber. (16) 12. (a) What are the losses on signal attenuation mechanisms in a fiber? Explain in detail, (16) Or (b) (@) Explain the effects of signal distortion in optical waveguide. (12) (i) Compute the total intermodal, intramodal and total dispersion for a fiber having fiber length 1 km, line width 50 nm, intermodal and intramodal dispersions 5 ns/km and 80 ps/km respectively. “ 13. (a) @ Explain the steps involved in splicing the fiber. Discuss the various splicing techniques employed between two fibers 8 (ii) Explain the lensing schemes used to improve optical source-to-fiber coupling efficiency. (8) Or (b) (Explain the basic LED configurations used as optical source. Derive the expression for quantum efficiency and optical power generated in LED's. (10) (ii) Explain the modulation process involved in LED and discuss its frequency response. 6) -amnepoee 2 K 426514. 15, (a) (b) (@) (b) With a neat sketch explain the operation of PIN photodiode and Avalanche photodiode. (16) Or () Explain the noise sources and disturbances in the detection of optical pulse in the receiver. 6 Derive the expression for signal-to-noise ratio obtained at the output of an optical receiver. (9) ( . Explain the amplification mechanism in EDFA. Discuss the possible configurations of EDFA with neat diagram. ao) (ii) Derive the expression for EDFA quantum conversion efficiency and amplifier gain. 6) Or (@) Explain the basic frame structure and network architecture of SONET. @) (i) _ Explain the operation of WDM components. @ 3 K 4265