Reg. No. : [ea V 4159 BEJB-Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, APRILIMAY 2008, Seventh Semester (Regulation 2004) Electronics and Communication Engineering EC 1402 - OPTICAL COMMUNICATION (Common to B.E. (Part-Time) Sixth Semester Regulation 2005) ‘Time : Three hours Maximum : 100 marks Answer ALL questions. PART A — (10 x2 = 20 marks) A silica optical fiber with a core diameter large enough to be considered by ray theory analysis has a core refractive index of 1.50 and a cladding refractive index of 1.47. Determine the numerical aperture and acceptance angle in air for the fiber. Mention the advantages and disadvantages of monomode fiber over multimode fiber. What is intermodal dispersion? What is it cause? Distinguish intrinsic and extrinsic absorption. ‘What is population inversion? Compare LED source and ILD source. Ga As has a band gap energy of 1.48 ev at 300K. Determine the wavelength above which an intrinsic photodetector fabricated from this material will cease ‘to operate.8. Define the quantum efficiency and responsivity of a photodectector. 9. What is the purpose of rise — time budget analysis? 10. What is EDFA? PART B — (6 x 16 = 80 marks) 1. (a) Derive an expression for number of modes propogating in a graded index fibre from the first principle. Or (b) @__ Derive an expression for numerical aperture of a step Index fibre. 0) (ii) The relative refractive index difference between the core axis and the cladding of a graded index fibre is 0.7% when the refractive index at the core axis is 1.45. Estimate values for the numerical aperature of the fibre along the axis when the index profile is assumed to be triangular. 6 12, (a) With the aid of diagrams discuss the various losses occuring in optical fibers. Or (b) A 6 km optical link consists of multimode step index fiber with a core refractive index of 1.5 and a relative refractive index difference of 1%. Estimate the delay difference between the slowest and fastest modes at the fiber output and the rms pulse broadening due to intermodal dispersion on the link. Also derive the expression involved in it. 15 (Explain, brie Oe RRR ARK ARREARS, ANNALER CH TARE SAN, Describe for a fabry perot resonator laser diode, modes and threshold conditions. Obtain its rate equations for steady state output. Or 2 V 415914. 15. () (a) (b) fa) (b) @ Gi) a Gi) @ Gi) @ Gi) @ Gi) What type of materials are used for optical sources. What are the advantages of double Hetero structure. Compare surface emitting and edge emitting LED structures. @) Derive an expression for the internal optical power level generated in LEDs. @ Explain the operation of avalanchephotodiode. (10) ‘The quantum efficiency of a particular silicon RAPD is 80% for the detection of radiation at a wavelength of 0.9 um, when the incident optical power is 0.5 .W . The output current from the device (after avalanche gain) is 11 4A. Determine the multiplication factor of the photodiode under these conditions. 6) Or Draw the circuit diagram of high impedance pre amplifier and explain its operation. @) Discuss the source of errors in the optical receivers. (8) Explain the link power budget in optical communication system. (8) Explain the principle of WDM. 8) Or Explain the basic concept of SONET network. Discuss the effect of various noises of laser diode on system performance. a Vv 4159