Date initiale:

Vs= 1596 cm3

Pe= 76 kw
Npe= 6000 rpm
Me= 134 Nxm
Nme= 4500 rpm

Masini cu valori apropiate de datele initiale

Nr crt. Marca/Mod Cc[cm3] Pe[kw] nPe[rpm] Me[Nxm] nMe[rpm] L[mm] l[mm] h[mm]
1 Bmw e36 1596 220 5500 150 3900 4430 1698 1393
2 Vw Golf 1598 77 5700 148 4500 4150 1740 1440
3 Dacia Loga 1598 77 5750 148 3750 4450 1728 1640
4 Renault Cli 1598 81 5750 148 3750 3810 1640 1420
5 Audi A3 1595 75.3 5600 144 3800 4152 1753 1422

Valoari medii calculate

L= 4198.4 mm
l= 1711.8 mm A/L
h= 1463 mm 60.94808 62.40825 %
G0= 1130.4 kg 60.48193
Vmax= 197 km/h 54.72222 m/s 65.2809
A= 2619.4 mm 64.8294
E fata= 1465 mm 60.50096
E spate= 1452.6 mm

Calcule centru de greutate Calcul masa autovehicul+incarcare roata Predimensionare Pneuri

a/L= 0.49 G0=M0= 1130.4 kg d= 381
a/L inc= 0.51 Ga=Ma= 1655.4 kg 16554 H= 120.25
hg/L= 0.16 M1= 844.254 kg B= 185
hg/L inc= 0.165 M2= 811.146 kg D= 621.5
a= 1283.506 G1= 844.254 kg rn= 310.75
b= 1335.894 G2= 811.146 kg 8111.4 r0=rn= 310.75
hg= 419.104 Mp1= 422.127 kg λ= 0.93
Mp2= 405.573 kg rr= 288.9975

Alegerea randamentului transmisiei

ηcv tr1= 0.97
ηcv= 0.93

ηcv red= 0.91

ηcv p= 0.92

ηcv= 0.9
Calcul rezistenta la rulare
f= 0.019 V [km/h] v[m/s] Rr [N] Pr [W]
cnst g= 10 0 0 297.3902 0
α= 19 cosα= 0.945519 10 2.777778 297.3902 826.0838
Rr= 29.73902 daN 20 5.555556 297.3902 1652.168
30 8.333333 297.3902 2478.251
Rezist rulare 40 11.11111 297.3902 3304.335
350 50 13.88889 297.3902 4130.419
300 60 16.66667 297.3902 4956.503
250
70 19.44444 297.3902 5782.587
200
80 22.22222 297.3902 6608.671
150 Column H
90 25 297.3902 7434.754
100
50 100 27.77778 297.3902 8260.838
0 110 30.55556 297.3902 9086.922
120 33.33333 297.3902 9913.006
130 36.11111 297.3902 10739.09
Putere consumata prin rulare 140 38.88889 297.3902 11565.17
150 41.66667 297.3902 12391.26
20000
160 44.44444 297.3902 13217.34
15000 170 47.22222 297.3902 14043.42
180 50 297.3902 14869.51
10000
190 52.77778 297.3902 15695.59
5000 197 54.72222 297.3902 16273.85

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Calcul rezistenta aer

ρ= 1.225 kg/m3 V [km/h] v[m/s] Ra [N]
p= 3.333 N/m2 0 0 0
A= 2143295 mm2= 2.143295 m2 10 2.777778 3.038815
cx= 0.3 20 5.555556 12.15526
30 8.333333 27.34934
Rezistenta aerului in viteza 40 11.11111 48.62104
50 13.88889 75.97038
1200 60 16.66667 109.3973
1000 70 19.44444 148.9019
80 22.22222 194.4842
800
90 25 246.144
600 100 27.77778 303.8815
110 30.55556 367.6966
400
120 33.33333 437.5894
200 130 36.11111 513.5598
0 140 38.88889 595.6078
0 20 40 60 80 100120140160180200 150 41.66667 683.7334
160 44.44444 777.9367
170 47.22222 878.2176
 180 50 984.5761
190 52.77778 1097.012
200 55.55556 1215.526

Calcul rezistenta la panta

[ᵒ] Rp[N] Ψ RΨ
600
0 0 0.019 31.4526
500
1 28.89071 0.03645 60.33852
2 57.77263 0.053888 89.20607 400
3 86.63694 0.07131 118.0464 300
4 115.4749 0.08871 146.8508 200
5 144.2776 0.106083 175.6105 100
6 173.0364 0.123424 204.3167 0
7 201.7425 0.140728 232.9607 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
8 230.3872 0.157988 261.5337
9 258.9616 0.175201 290.027
10 287.4572 0.19236 318.432
11 315.8652 0.20946 346.7399
12 344.177 0.226496 374.9423
13 372.384 0.243464 403.0304
14 400.4775 0.260358 430.9958
15 428.449 0.277172 458.8299
16 456.2901 0.293901 486.5243
17 483.9921 0.310541 514.0704
18 511.5467 0.327087 541.4599
19 538.9455 0.343533 568.6845

Verificarea puterii la viteza maxima:

Pvmax= 73.6188 kw

Trasarea caracteristicii de turatie exterioara a motorului

ce= 0.709091
ca= 1.102941
α= 0.491326
β= 1.725069
γ= 1.216395
cmin= 300 g/kw

n Pe[kw] ω Me[N*m] cs[g/kwxh]c0[g/kwxh] n Pe[kw]

800 22.92831 83.76 273.7067 164.4096 3.769634 800 22.92831
900 26.67739 94.23 283.0767 158.9675 4.240838 900 26.67739
1000 30.59053 104.7 292.1396 154.036 4.712042 1000 30.59053
1100 34.65809 115.17 300.8952 149.5537 5.183246 1100 34.65809
1200 38.8704 125.64 309.3436 145.4693 5.65445 1200 38.8704
1300 43.21783 136.11 317.4848 141.7391 6.125654 1300 43.21783
1400 47.69072 146.58 325.3188 138.3258 6.596859 1400 47.69072
1500 52.27941 157.05 332.8456 135.1978 7.068063 1500 52.27941
1600 56.97426 167.52 340.0651 132.3276 7.539267 1600 56.97426
1700 61.76563 177.99 346.9775 129.6914 8.010471 1700 61.76563
1800 66.64384 188.46 353.5826 127.2687 8.481675 1800 66.64384
1900 71.59926 198.93 359.8805 125.0415 8.95288 1900 71.59926
2000 76.62224 209.4 365.8712 122.9941 9.424084 2000 76.62224
2100 81.70313 219.87 371.5547 121.1127 9.895288 2100 81.70313
2200 86.83226 230.34 376.931 119.3853 10.36649 2200 86.83226
2300 92 240.81 382 117.801 10.8377 2300 92
2400 97.19669 251.28 386.7618 116.3507 11.3089 2400 97.19669
2500 102.4127 261.75 391.2165 115.0258 11.7801 2500 102.4127
2600 107.6383 272.22 395.3639 113.8192 12.25131 2600 107.6383
2700 112.864 282.69 399.204 112.7243 12.72251 2700 112.864
2800 118.08 293.16 402.737 111.7354 13.19372 2800 118.08
2900 123.2767 303.63 405.9628 110.8476 13.66492 2900 123.2767
3000 128.4444 314.1 408.8813 110.0564 14.13613 3000 128.4444
3100 133.5735 324.57 411.4926 109.358 14.60733 3100 133.5735
3200 138.6544 335.04 413.7968 108.749 15.07853 3200 138.6544
3300 143.6774 345.51 415.7937 108.2268 15.54974 3300 143.6774
3400 148.6328 355.98 417.4833 107.7887 16.02094 3400 148.6328
3500 153.511 366.45 418.8658 107.433 16.49215 3500 153.511
3600 158.3024 376.92 419.9411 107.1579 16.96335 3600 158.3024
3700 162.9972 387.39 420.7091 106.9623 17.43455 3700 162.9972
3800 167.5859 397.86 421.1699 106.8452 17.90576 3800 167.5859
3900 172.0588 408.33 421.3235 106.8063 18.37696 3900 172.0588
4000 176.4063 418.8 421.1699 106.8452 18.84817 4000 176.4063
4100 180.6186 429.27 420.7091 106.9623 19.31937 4100 180.6186
4200 184.6861 439.74 419.9411 107.1579 19.79058 4200 184.6861
4300 188.5993 450.21 418.8658 107.433 20.26178 4300 188.5993
4400 192.3483 460.68 417.4833 107.7887 20.73298 4400 192.3483
4500 195.9237 471.15 415.7937 108.2268 21.20419 4500 195.9237
4600 199.3157 481.62 413.7968 108.749 21.67539 4600 199.3157
4700 202.5147 492.09 411.4926 109.358 22.1466 4700 202.5147
4800 205.511 502.56 408.8813 110.0564 22.6178 4800 205.511
4900 208.295 513.03 405.9628 110.8476 23.08901 4900 208.295
5000 210.8571 523.5 402.737 111.7354 23.56021 5000 210.8571
5100 213.1875 533.97 399.204 112.7243 24.03141 5100 213.1875
5200 215.2767 544.44 395.3639 113.8192 24.50262 5200 215.2767
5300 217.1149 554.91 391.2165 115.0258 24.97382 5300 217.1149
5400 218.6926 565.38 386.7618 116.3507 25.44503 5400 218.6926
5500 220 575.85 382 117.801 25.91623 5500 220
5600 221.0276 586.32 376.931 119.3853 26.38743 5600 221.0276
5700 221.7656 596.79 371.5547 121.1127 26.85864 5700 221.7656
5800 222.2045 607.26 365.8712 122.9941 27.32984 5800 222.2045
5900 222.3346 617.73 359.8805 125.0415 27.80105 5900 222.3346
6000 222.1461 628.2 353.5826 127.2687 28.27225 6000 222.1461
6100 221.6296 638.67 346.9775 129.6914 28.74346 6100 221.6296
6200 220.7753 649.14 340.0651 132.3276 29.21466 6200 220.7753
 6300 219.5735 659.61 332.8456 135.1978 29.68586 6300 219.5735
6400 218.0147 670.08 325.3188 138.3258 30.15707 6400 218.0147
6500 216.0892 680.55 317.4848 141.7391 30.62827 6500 216.0892
6600 213.7872 691.02 309.3436 145.4693 31.09948 6600 213.7872

Determinarea raportului de transmitere al transmisiei principale

i0= 3.592958 m2= 1.074453

it max= 4.981769 Gad= 8715.382

icv1= 1.386537
icv2= 1.243429
icv3= 1.075326
icv4= 1

Determinarea vitezelor minime si maxime in fiecare treapta

n[rpm] ω[rad/s] V tr1[km/hV tr2[km/hV tr3[km/hV tr4[km/h]

800 83.73333 17.48684 19.49943 22.54771 24.24615
1200 125.6 26.23026 29.24914 33.82157 36.36923
1600 167.4667 34.97369 38.99886 45.09543 48.49231
2000 209.3333 43.71711 48.74857 56.36929 60.61538 180
2400 251.2 52.46053 58.49829 67.64314 72.73846 160
2800 293.0667 61.20395 68.248 78.917 84.86154
3200 334.9333 69.94737 77.99772 90.19086 96.98462 140
3600 376.8 78.69079 87.74743 101.4647 109.1077 120
4000 418.6667 87.43422 97.49715 112.7386 121.2308 100
4400 460.5333 96.17764 107.2469 124.0124 133.3538
4800 502.4 104.9211 116.9966 135.2863 145.4769 80
5200 544.2667 113.6645 126.7463 146.5601 157.6 60
5600 586.1333 122.4079 136.496 157.834 169.7231
40
6000 628 131.1513 146.2457 169.1079 181.8462
6400 669.8667 139.8947 155.9954 180.3817 193.9692 20
6600 690.8 144.2665 160.8703 186.0186 197 0
300 350 400 450 500 550

Valori forta tangentiala la roata

n[rpm] v1 Fr1 v2 Fr2 v3 Fr3 v4 Fr4
800 17.48684 4246.366 19.49943 3808.087 22.54771 3293.262 24.24615 3062.569
1200 26.23026 4799.248 29.24914 4303.905 33.82157 3722.049 36.36923 3461.32
1600 34.97369 5275.87 38.99886 4731.334 45.09543 4091.692 48.49231 3805.07
2000 43.71711 5676.233 48.74857 5090.374 56.36929 4402.193 60.61538 4093.82
2400 52.46053 6000.336 58.49829 5381.026 67.64314 4653.551 72.73846 4327.57
2800 61.20395 6248.18 68.248 5603.289 78.917 4845.766 84.86154 4506.321
3200 69.94737 6419.764 77.99772 5757.164 90.19086 4978.837 96.98462 4630.071
3600 78.69079 6476.959 87.74743 5808.455 101.4647 5023.195 109.1077 4671.321
4000 87.43422 6534.153 97.49715 5859.747 112.7386 5067.552 121.2308 4712.571
4400 96.17764 6476.959 107.2469 5808.455 124.0124 5023.195 133.3538 4671.321
4800 104.9211 6343.504 116.9966 5688.775 135.2863 4919.694 145.4769 4575.071
5200 113.6645 6133.79 126.7463 5500.706 146.5601 4757.051 157.6 4423.821
5600 122.4079 5847.817 136.496 5244.249 157.834 4535.265 169.7231 4217.57
6000 131.1513 5485.584 146.2457 4919.403 169.1079 4254.336 181.8462 3956.32
6400 139.8947 5047.091 155.9954 4526.168 180.3817 3914.263 193.9692 3640.07
6600 144.2665 4799.248 160.8703 4303.905 186.0186 3722.049 197 3461.32

Caracteristica de putere a autovehiculului

Valoare putere la roata

n[rpm] Me[Nxm] Pr1[W] Pr2[W] Pr3[W] Pr4[W]

800 273.7067 20626.54 20626.54 20626.54 20626.54 250000
1200 309.3436 34968.2 34968.2 34968.2 34968.2
1600 340.0651 51254.62 51254.62 51254.62 51254.62
2000 365.8712 68930.14 68930.14 68930.14 68930.14 200000
2400 386.7618 87439.12 87439.12 87439.12 87439.12
2800 402.737 106225.9 106225.9 106225.9 106225.9 150000
3200 413.7968 124734.9 124734.9 124734.9 124734.9
3600 417.4833 141577 141577 141577 141577
100000
4000 421.1699 158696.8 158696.8 158696.8 158696.8
4400 417.4833 173038.5 173038.5 173038.5 173038.5
4800 408.8813 184879.8 184879.8 184879.8 184879.8 50000
5200 395.3639 193665 193665 193665 193665
5600 376.931 198838.6 198838.6 198838.6 198838.6
0
6000 353.5826 199844.9 199844.9 199844.9 199844.9 0 50
6400 325.3188 196128.2 196128.2 196128.2 196128.2
6600 309.3436 192325.1 192325.1 192325.1 189411.1

Bilantul de tractiune

Valori rezistenta aer si rezistenta la rulare

Va[km/h] Rr[N] Ra[N] Rr+Ra[N]
22.54771 297.3902 15.44932 312.8395
33.82157 297.3902 34.76097 332.1511 6000

5000

4000
 6000
45.09543 297.3902 61.79728 359.1875
56.36929 297.3902 96.55825 393.9484 5000
67.64314 297.3902 139.0439 436.4341
78.917 297.3902 189.2542 486.6443 4000
90.19086 297.3902 247.1891 544.5793
101.4647 297.3902 312.8487 610.2389 3000
112.7386 297.3902 386.233 683.6232
124.0124 297.3902 467.3419 764.7321 2000
135.2863 297.3902 556.1755 853.5657
146.5601 297.3902 652.7338 950.1239 1000
157.834 297.3902 757.0167 1054.407
169.1079 297.3902 869.0243 1166.414 0
180.3817 297.3902 988.7565 1286.147 0 20 40 60 80 100 120
186.0186 297.3902 1051.519 1348.91

Valori rezistenta pantei α=5 6000

Va[km/h] Rr[N] Rp+Rr[N] Ra+Rr+Rp[N]
22.54771 297.3902 1740.166 1755.616 5000
33.82157 297.3902 1740.166 1774.927
45.09543 297.3902 1740.166 1801.964 4000
56.36929 297.3902 1740.166 1836.725
67.64314 297.3902 1740.166 1879.21 3000
78.917 297.3902 1740.166 1929.421
90.19086 297.3902 1740.166 1987.355 2000
101.4647 297.3902 1740.166 2053.015
112.7386 297.3902 1740.166 2126.399 1000
124.0124 297.3902 1740.166 2207.508
135.2863 297.3902 1740.166 2296.342 0
146.5601 297.3902 1740.166 2392.9 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 1
157.834 297.3902 1740.166 2497.183
169.1079 297.3902 1740.166 2609.191
180.3817 297.3902 1740.166 2728.923
186.0186 297.3902 1740.166 2791.686

Bilantul de putere a autovehiculului

Va[km/h] Pr[kW] Pp[Kw] Pp+Pr[kW]Pa[kW] Pp+Pr+Pa[ PR
22.54771 1862.63 0 1862.63 96.76302 1959.393 22585.93
33.82157 2793.945 271.4248 3065.37 326.5752 3391.945 38360.15
45.09543 3725.261 723.6893 4448.95 774.1041 5223.054 56477.67
56.36929 4656.576 1356.573 6013.149 1511.922 7525.071 76455.21
67.64314 5587.891 2169.745 7757.636 2612.601 10370.24 97809.35
78.917 6519.206 3162.766 9681.972 4148.714 13830.69 120056.6
90.19086 7450.521 4335.084 11785.61 6192.833 17978.44 142713.3
101.4647 8381.836 5686.041 14067.88 8817.53 22885.41 164462.4
112.7386 9313.151 7214.866 16528.02 12095.38 28623.39 187320.2
124.0124 10244.47 8920.683 19165.15 16098.95 35264.1 208302.6
135.2863 11175.78 10802.5 21978.29 20900.81 42879.1 227758.9
146.5601 12107.1 12859.24 24966.33 26573.54 51539.88 245204.9
157.834 13038.41 15089.68 28128.09 33189.72 61317.8 260156.4
169.1079 13969.73 17492.52 31462.24 40821.9 72284.14 272129
180.3817 14901.04 20066.34 34967.38 49542.67 84510.05 280638.3
186.0186 15366.7 22138.75 37505.45 54333.95 91839.4 281250.5

Caracteristica dinamica a autovehiculelor

Valori factor dinamic
Treapta I-a Treapta II-a Treapta III-a
va[km/h] Fr[N] Ra[N] D va[km/h] Fr[N] Ra[N] D va[km/h] Fr[N]
17.48684 4246.366 9.292384 0.255955 19.49943 3808.087 11.55442 0.229342 22.54771 3293.262
26.23026 4799.248 20.90786 0.288652 29.24914 4303.905 25.99744 0.258421 33.82157 3722.049
34.97369 5275.87 37.16953 0.316461 38.99886 4731.334 46.21767 0.28302 45.09543 4091.692
43.71711 5676.233 58.0774 0.339384 48.74857 5090.374 72.21512 0.303139 56.36929 4402.193
52.46053 6000.336 83.63145 0.357418 58.49829 5381.026 103.9898 0.318777 67.64314 4653.551
61.20395 6248.18 113.8317 0.370566 68.248 5603.289 141.5416 0.329935 78.917 4845.766
69.94737 6419.764 148.6781 0.378826 77.99772 5757.164 184.8707 0.336613 90.19086 4978.837
78.69079 6476.959 188.1708 0.379895 87.74743 5808.455 233.977 0.336745 101.4647 5023.195
87.43422 6534.153 232.3096 0.380684 97.49715 5859.747 288.8605 0.336528 112.7386 5067.552
96.17764 6476.959 281.0946 0.374282 107.2469 5808.455 349.5212 0.329765 124.0124 5023.195
104.9211 6343.504 334.5258 0.362993 116.9966 5688.775 415.9591 0.318522 135.2863 4919.694
113.6645 6133.79 392.6032 0.346816 126.7463 5500.706 488.1742 0.302799 146.5601 4757.051
122.4079 5847.817 455.3268 0.325751 136.496 5244.249 566.1665 0.282595 157.834 4535.265
131.1513 5485.584 522.6966 0.2998 146.2457 4919.403 649.936 0.257911 169.1079 4254.336
139.8947 5047.091 594.7126 0.268961 155.9954 4526.168 739.4828 0.228747 180.3817 3914.263
144.2665 4799.248 632.4629 0.251709 160.8703 4303.905 786.4226 0.212485 186.0186 3722.049

0.4

0.35

0.3

0.25

0.2

0.15

0.1

0.05

0
0 50 100 150 200 250
Factor dinamic la limita de aderenta Dϕ Zi= 811.14
ϕ 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.6 0.8
va[km/h] Ra
10 0.047164 0.096164 0.145163 0.169663 0.194163 0.292162 0.390161 3.038815
22 0.040115 0.089114 0.138114 0.162614 0.187114 0.285113 0.383112 14.70787
34 0.027779 0.076779 0.125778 0.150278 0.174778 0.272777 0.370776 35.1287
46 0.010156 0.059156 0.108156 0.132655 0.157155 0.255154 0.353154 64.30133
58 -0.01275 0.036246 0.085246 0.109746 0.134246 0.232245 0.330244 102.2257
70 -0.04095 0.00805 0.05705 0.08155 0.106049 0.204049 0.302048 148.9019
82 -0.07443 -0.02543 0.023567 0.048066 0.072566 0.170565 0.268565 204.3299
94 -0.1132 -0.0642 -0.0152 0.009296 0.033796 0.131796 0.229795 268.5097
106 -0.15726 -0.10826 -0.05926 -0.03476 -0.01026 0.087739 0.185738 341.4413
118 -0.2066 -0.1576 -0.1086 -0.0841 -0.0596 0.038395 0.136394 423.1246
130 -0.26123 -0.21223 -0.16323 -0.13873 -0.11423 -0.01624 0.081764 513.5598
142 -0.32115 -0.27215 -0.22315 -0.19865 -0.17415 -0.07615 0.021847 612.7467
154 -0.38635 -0.33735 -0.28836 -0.26386 -0.23936 -0.14136 -0.04336 720.6854
166 -0.45685 -0.40785 -0.35885 -0.33435 -0.30985 -0.21185 -0.11385 837.3759
178 -0.53262 -0.48362 -0.43462 -0.41012 -0.38562 -0.28762 -0.18963 962.8182
190 -0.61369 -0.56469 -0.51569 -0.49119 -0.46669 -0.36869 -0.27069 1097.012
197 -0.66342 -0.61442 -0.56542 -0.54092 -0.51642 -0.41842 -0.32042 1179.334

0.45
0.4
0.35
0.3
0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
0 50 100 150 200

Valorile vitezelor maxime

Stare sose f α=0 D α=3 D α=5 D v max
buna 0.018 tr1 0.018 0.070311 0.105087 Caracteristica dinamica a autovehicule
tr2 0.018 0.070311 0.105087 0
tr3 0.018 0.070311 0.105087 0
tr4 0.018 0.070311 0.105087 197
satisfacato 0.018 tr1 0.018 0.070311 0.105087 Caracteristica dinamica a autovehicule
tr2 0.018 0.070311 0.105087 0
tr3 0.018 0.070311 0.105087 0
tr4 0.018 0.070311 0.105087 197
p= (panta drum) 0% 5.233596 % 8.715574 %
Ψ= (rez tot drum) 0.018 0.094205 0.15688

Diagrama acceleratiilor autovehiculelor

Jm= 0.04 kg.m2 ζ= 0.002531
JR = 0.35 Kg.m2 λi1= 0.006462
n= 4 roti λi2= 0.005197
ηtr= 0.9 λi3= 0.003887
itr1= 4.981769 λi4= 0.003361
itr2= 4.467588
itr3= 3.863602 δi1= 1.008994
itr4= 3.592958 δi2= 1.007729
i0= 3.592958 δi3= 1.006418
icv1= 1.386537 δi4= 1.005893
icv2= 1.243429
icv3= 1.075326
icv4= 1
rr= 288.9975 mm
ma= 1655.4 kg

TreaptaI-a α=0 α=5

va[km/h] D a[m/s2] l/a[s2/m] a[m/s2] l/a[s2/m]
17.48684 0.255955 2.355329 0.424569 1.601038 0.624595 4
26.23026 0.288652 2.678972 0.373278 1.92468 0.519567
3.5
34.97369 0.316461 2.954238 0.338497 2.199946 0.454557
43.71711 0.339384 3.181128 0.314354 2.426836 0.412059 3
52.46053 0.357418 3.359641 0.297651 2.605349 0.383826
61.20395 0.370566 3.489778 0.286551 2.735486 0.365566 2.5
69.94737 0.378826 3.571538 0.279991 2.817246 0.354957
78.69079 0.379895 3.582123 0.279164 2.827831 0.353628 2
87.43422 0.380684 3.589929 0.278557 2.835638 0.352654
1.5
96.17764 0.374282 3.52656 0.283562 2.772269 0.360715
104.9211 0.362993 3.414815 0.292842 2.660523 0.375866 1
113.6645 0.346816 3.254693 0.307249 2.500401 0.399936
122.4079 0.325751 3.046194 0.328278 2.291903 0.436319 0.5
131.1513 0.2998 2.78932 0.35851 2.035028 0.491394
139.8947 0.268961 2.484068 0.402565 1.729776 0.578109 0
0 50 100
144.2665 0.251709 2.313301 0.432283 1.55901 0.641433

Treapta II-a Uscat α=5

va[km/h] D a[m/s2] l/a[s2/m] a[m/s2] l/a[s2/m] 3
19.49943 0.229342 2.089292 0.478631 1.335946 0.748533
2.5

2
 3

29.24914 0.258421 2.376762 0.420741 1.623416 0.615985 2.5

38.99886 0.28302 2.619941 0.381688 1.866595 0.535735
48.74857 0.303139 2.81883 0.354757 2.065484 0.484148
58.49829 0.318777 2.973428 0.336312 2.220082 0.450434 2
68.248 0.329935 3.083735 0.324282 2.330389 0.429113
77.99772 0.336613 3.149751 0.317485 2.396405 0.417292 1.5
87.74743 0.336745 3.151056 0.317354 2.39771 0.417065
97.49715 0.336528 3.148911 0.31757 2.395565 0.417438
1
107.2469 0.329765 3.082054 0.324459 2.328708 0.429423
116.9966 0.318522 2.970907 0.336598 2.217561 0.450946
126.7463 0.302799 2.815469 0.355181 2.062123 0.484937 0.5
136.496 0.282595 2.615741 0.382301 1.862395 0.536943
146.2457 0.257911 2.371721 0.421635 1.618375 0.617904 0
155.9954 0.228747 2.083411 0.479982 1.330065 0.751843 0 50 100
160.8703 0.212485 1.922647 0.520116 1.169301 0.855212

Treapta III-a Uscat α=5

va[km/h] D a[m/s2] l/a[s2/m] a[m/s2] l/a[s2/m] 0.8
22.54771 0.198007 1.777205 0.562681 1.024839 0.975763
33.82157 0.222743 2.02142 0.494702 1.269054 0.787989 0.7
45.09543 0.243439 2.225755 0.449286 1.473388 0.678708
0.6
56.36929 0.260096 2.390208 0.418374 1.637842 0.61056
67.64314 0.272714 2.514782 0.397649 1.762415 0.567403 0.5
78.917 0.281292 2.599475 0.384693 1.847108 0.541387
90.19086 0.285831 2.644287 0.378174 1.89192 0.528563 0.4
101.4647 0.284544 2.631582 0.38 1.879216 0.532137
112.7386 0.282791 2.61427 0.382516 1.861904 0.537085 0.3
124.0124 0.275212 2.539441 0.393787 1.787074 0.559574
135.2863 0.263593 2.424731 0.412417 1.672365 0.597956 0.2
146.5601 0.247935 2.270141 0.440501 1.517774 0.658859
0.1
157.834 0.228238 2.07567 0.481772 1.323304 0.755685
169.1079 0.204501 1.841319 0.543089 1.088952 0.918314 0
180.3817 0.176725 1.567087 0.638127 0.81472 1.227415 0 20 40 60 80 100
186.0186 0.161322 1.415016 0.706706 0.662649 1.509094

Treapta IV-a Uscat α=5

va[km/h] D a[m/s2] l/a[s2/m] a[m/s2] l/a[s2/m] 0.9
24.24615 0.183926 1.637322 0.610753 0.885349 1.129498
36.36923 0.206665 1.861706 0.537142 1.109732 0.901119 0.8
48.49231 0.225541 2.047979 0.488286 1.296005 0.771602 0.7
60.61538 0.240556 2.196142 0.455344 1.444168 0.69244
72.73846 0.251709 2.306195 0.433615 1.554222 0.643409 0.6
84.86154 0.259 2.378139 0.420497 1.626165 0.614944 0.5
96.98462 0.262428 2.411972 0.414598 1.659999 0.60241
109.1077 0.260334 2.391303 0.418182 1.63933 0.610005 0.4
121.2308 0.2577 2.36531 0.422778 1.613336 0.619834
0.3
133.3538 0.249542 2.284814 0.437672 1.53284 0.652384
145.4769 0.237523 2.166208 0.461636 1.414234 0.707097 0.2

0.1

0
0 20 40 60 80
 0.4

0.3

0.2
157.6 0.221641 2.009492 0.497638 1.257518 0.795217
0.1
169.7231 0.201898 1.814666 0.551066 1.062692 0.941006
181.8462 0.178292 1.58173 0.632219 0.829756 1.205173 0
193.9692 0.150824 1.310684 0.76296 0.55871 1.789836 0 20 40 60 80
197 0.137851 1.182667 0.845547 0.430693 2.321837

Timp demarare
v[km/h] 1/a trend td
17.48684 0.424569 0.294983 0
26.23026 0.373278 0.252098 0.90659 3
34.97369 0.338497 0.227638 1.728706
43.71711 0.314354 0.175758 2.492187 2
52.46053 0.297651 0.060429 3.2151
1
61.20395 0.286551 -0.14456 3.911055
69.94737 0.279991 -0.45559 4.591078 0
78.69079 0.279164 -0.87924 5.269091 0 20 40 60 80 100 120
87.43422 0.278557 -1.41227 5.945631 -1
68.248 0.324282 -0.38639 4.217368
77.99772 0.317485 -0.84156 5.077199 -2
87.74743 0.317354 -1.43326 5.936674
-3
97.49715 0.31757 -2.14365 6.796735
67.64314 2.514782 -0.36278 -14.0578
78.917 2.599475 -0.89169 -5.91721
90.19086 2.644287 -1.60118 2.363713
72.73846 0.433615 -0.57855 0.261598
84.86154 0.420497 -1.24466 1.67763
96.98462 0.414598 -2.10382 3.0738
109.1077 0.418182 -3.09768 4.482036
121.2308 0.422778 -4.1316 5.905749
133.3538 0.437672 -5.07466 7.37962
145.4769 0.461636 -5.75963 8.93419
157.6 0.497638 -5.98301 10.61
169.7231 0.551066 -5.50502 12.46572

td= 3.424072 s 0-100

td α=5 = 0s 0-100
Spatiu demarare
v[km/h] td sd
17.48684 0 0
26.23026 0.90659 2.20186
450
34.97369 1.728706 6.400418
43.71711 2.492187 12.45326 400
52.46053 3.2151 20.26186 350
61.20395 3.911055 29.76075
300
69.94737 4.591078 40.91123
78.69079 5.269091 53.70842 250
87.43422 5.945631 68.14874 200
68.248 4.217368 45.67227
150
77.99772 5.077199 59.42261
87.74743 5.936674 75.50063 100
97.49715 6.796735 93.90792 50
67.64314 -14.0578 210.4861
78.917 -5.91721 191.9556 0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
90.19086 2.363713 199.3578
72.73846 0.261598 198.0896
84.86154 1.67763 203.7391
96.98462 3.0738 214.0902
109.1077 4.482036 229.1835
121.2308 5.905749 249.0713
133.3538 7.37962 273.9223
145.4769 8.93419 304.0084
157.6 10.61 339.7378
169.7231 12.46572 381.7164

sd= 217.8444 m
sd α=5 = 0m
 G0[kg] Dim pneu Vmax[km/h] A [mm] E fata [mmE spate [mTip tractiune
1190 185.65.R15 250 2700 1418 1431 S 2x4
1107 175.80.R14 197 2510 1513 1494 F 2x4
1225 185,65,R15 174 2905 1481 1458 F 2x4
990 185.55.R15 193 2470 1400 1385 F 2x4
1140 195,55,r15 188 2512 1513 1495 F 2x4

E/l
84.2756184 85.72213956 %
86.954023
85.7060185
85.3658537
86.3091843

nsionare Pneuri Pneuri: Indic. De sarcina

mm Pfata= 425kg 78
mm Pspate= 412kg 77
mm Simb= T= 190km/h
mm
mm
mm

mm
Me[N*m] cs[g/kwxh] c0[g/kwxh] Me
136.853343 16.44095749 5.6544502618 800 273.7067
141.538373 15.89674906 6.3612565445 1200 309.3436
146.069795 15.40359519 7.0680628272 1600 340.0651
150.44761 14.95537214 7.7748691099 2000 365.8712
154.671818 14.54692933 8.4816753927 2400 386.7618
158.742417 14.17390537 9.1884816754 2800 402.737
162.659409 13.83258434 9.8952879581 3200 413.7968
166.422794 13.51978262 10.602094241 3600 417.4833
170.032571 13.23275878 11.308900524 4000 421.1699
173.488741 12.96914134 12.015706806 4400 417.4833
176.791303 12.7268704 12.722513089 4800 408.8813
179.940257 12.50415017 13.429319372 5200 395.3639
182.935604 12.29940999 14.136125654 5600 376.931
185.777344 12.11127231 14.842931937 6000 353.5826
188.465476 11.9385261 15.54973822 6400 325.3188
191 11.78010471 16.256544503 6600 309.3436
193.380917 11.63506739 16.963350785
195.608226 11.50258373 17.670157068
197.681928 11.38192057 18.376963351
199.602022 11.27243089 19.083769634
201.368509 11.17354453 19.790575916
202.981388 11.08476015 20.497382199
204.440659 11.00563854 21.204188482
205.746324 10.93579687 21.910994764
206.89838 10.8749039 22.617801047
207.896829 10.82267589 23.32460733
208.74167 10.77887321 24.031413613
209.432904 10.74329751 24.738219895
209.970531 10.71578946 25.445026178
210.35455 10.69622694 26.151832461
210.584961 10.68452367 26.858638743
210.661765 10.68062827 27.565445026
210.584961 10.68452367 28.272251309
210.35455 10.69622694 28.979057592
209.970531 10.71578946 29.685863874
209.432904 10.74329751 30.392670157
208.74167 10.77887321 31.09947644
207.896829 10.82267589 31.806282723
206.89838 10.8749039 32.513089005
205.746324 10.93579687 33.219895288
204.440659 11.00563854 33.926701571
202.981388 11.08476015 34.633507853
201.368509 11.17354453 35.340314136
199.602022 11.27243089 36.047120419
197.681928 11.38192057 36.753926702
195.608226 11.50258373 37.460732984
193.380917 11.63506739 38.167539267 250
191 11.78010471 38.87434555
188.465476 11.9385261 39.581151832
185.777344 12.11127231 40.287958115 200
182.935604 12.29940999 40.994764398
179.940257 12.50415017 41.701570681
150
176.791303 12.7268704 42.408376963
173.488741 12.96914134 43.115183246
170.032571 13.23275878 43.821989529
100

50
 150

100
166.422794 13.51978262 44.528795812
162.659409 13.83258434 45.235602094
158.742417 14.17390537 45.942408377
50
154.671818 14.54692933 46.64921466

0
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000

Column C
Column D
Column E
Column F

00 450 500 550 600 650

 7000

6000

5000

4000 Tr1
tr2
3000 tr3
tr4
2000

1000

0
0 50 100 150 200 250

250000

200000

150000 tr1
tr2
100000 tr3
tr4

50000

0
0 50 100 150 200 250
 Fr
Rr+Ra
Rr

60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

Fr
ra+rd+rp
rr
rp+rr

60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

300000
Pr Pr+Pp+Pa Pp+Pr 22.5477149884
250000 33.8215724826
45.0954299768
56.369287471
200000 67.6431449652
78.9170024594
150000 90.1908599536
101.4647174477
112.7385749419
100000 124.0124324361
135.2862899303
146.5601474245
50000 157.8340049187
169.1078624129
0 180.3817199071
186.0186486542
0 0 0
10 20
 100000 124.0124324361
135.2862899303
146.5601474245
50000 157.8340049187
169.1078624129
0 180.3817199071
186.0186486542
0 0 0
10 20

Treapta IV-a
Ra[N] D va[km/h] Fr[N] Ra[N] D
15.44932 0.19800728 24.246153846 3062.569 17.86446 0.183926
34.7609701 0.222743 36.369230769 3461.32 40.19505 0.206665
61.7972802 0.243439354 48.492307692 3805.07 71.45786 0.225541
96.5582503 0.260096342 60.615384615 4093.82 111.6529 0.240556
139.04388 0.272713965 72.738461538 4327.57 160.7802 0.251709
189.254171 0.281292222 84.861538462 4506.321 218.8397 0.259
247.189121 0.285831113 96.984615385 4630.071 285.8314 0.262428
312.848731 0.284544272 109.10769231 4671.321 361.7554 0.260334
386.233001 0.282790798 121.23076923 4712.571 446.6116 0.2577
467.341931 0.275211591 133.35384615 4671.321 540.4001 0.249542
556.175522 0.263593019 145.47692308 4575.071 643.1207 0.237523
652.733772 0.247935081 157.6 4423.821 754.7736 0.221641
757.016682 0.228237778 169.72307692 4217.57 875.3588 0.201898
869.024253 0.204501108 181.84615385 3956.32 1004.876 0.178292
988.756483 0.176725073 193.96923077 3640.07 1143.326 0.150824
1051.51935 0.161322293 197 3461.32 1179.334 0.137851

D1
D2
D3
D4

200 250
 D1
D2
D3
D4
f0.2
f0.35
f0.6
f0.8

200 250

stica dinamica a autovehiculelor

stica dinamica a autovehiculelor

a1
a2
a3
a4

50 100 150 200 250

 a1 i
a2 i
a3 i
a4 i

50 100 150 200 250

I a1
I a2
I a3
I a4

40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

I a1 i
I a2 i
I a3 i

40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

 I a2 i
I a3 i

40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Column B
80 100 120 140 160 180 Column C
 Column C

0 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Pe[kw]
Me[N*m]
cs[g/kwxh]
c0[g/kwxh]
 Pe[kw]
Me[N*m]
cs[g/kwxh]
c0[g/kwxh]

4000 5000 6000 7000