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Esempio: confrontare sin(x) con il polinomio di Taylor grado 1, 3, 5 rispetto al punto x0=0, essendo sin(x)= k=0 (-1)k x2k+1/(2k+1)! in [0,] .
>> x=0:0.01:pi; >> f=sin(x); >> T1=x; >> T3=T1-x.^3/6; >> T5=T3+x.^5/120; >> plot(x,f,b,x,T1,g,x,T3,r,x,T5,m) Lerrore commesso ||f-Tn||,(a,b)=max x (a,b) |f(x)-Tn(x)|.
Esempio: comportamento dellerrore per n=0,,10. Si osserva una rapida convergenza a zero dellerrore. >> x=0:0.01:pi; >> f=sin(x); >> Tn=zeros(size(x)); >> for n=0:10 Tn=Tn+(-1)^n*x.^(2*n+1)/(prod(1:2*n+1)); e(n+1)=norm(f-Tn,inf); stima(n+1)=(pi^(2*n+3))/(prod(1:2*n+3)); end >> loglog(0:10,e,-*)
Matlab: espansione in serie di Taylor taylor(f) computes the Taylor series expansion of f up to the fifth order. The expansion point is 0. taylor(f,n) computes the Taylor series expansion of f up to the (n-1)-order. The expansion point is 0. taylor(f,a) computes the Taylor series expansion of f up to the fifth order around the expansion point a. taylor(f,n,a) computes the Taylor series expansion of f up to the (n-1)-order around the expansion point a. taylor(f,n,v) computes the Taylor series expansion of f up to the (n-1)-order with respect to variable v. The expansion point is 0. taylor(f,n,v,a) computes the Taylor series expansion of f with respect to v around the expansion point a.
Input Arguments f: A symbolic expression n: A positive integer specifying the truncation order (Default: 6) v: A string or symbolic variable with respect to which you want to compute the Taylor series expansion a: A real number specifying the expansion point (Default: 0)
APPROSSIMAZIONE DI UNA FUNZIONE IN SERIE DI FOURIER Un polinomio trigonometrico di ordine n una funzione della forma Pn (x)= k=0n (ak cos(kx)+bk sin(kx)) , con ak, bk complessi. Introduciamo la serie di Fourier: f(x)~ a0 /2+k=1 (ak cos(kx)+bk sin(kx)), a0=1/(2) - f(x) dx ak=1/ - f(x) cos(k x) dx, k=1,2, bk=1/ - f(x) sin(k x) dx . La troncata n-esima : Fn(x)= k=0n ak cos(kx)+ k=1n bk sin(kx) , che minimizza lo scarto quadratico medio: - |f(x)-Fn(x)|2 dx .
>> help stepfun STEPFUN Unit step function. STEPFUN(T,T0), where T is a monotonically increasing vector, returns a vector the same length as T with zeros where T < T0 and ones where T >= T0.
Esempio: A=1 e si disegni il grafico per n=2 e n=6. >> x=-2*pi:0.01:2*pi; >> f1=stepfun(x,0)-stepfun(x,pi); >> f2=stepfun(x+2*pi,0)-stepfun(x+2*pi,pi); >> f=2*(f1+f2)-1; >> s2=0; >> for n=1:2 s2=s2+4/(pi*(2*n+1))*sin((2*n+1)*x); end >> s6=0; >> for n=1:6 s6=s6+4/(pi*(2*n+1))*sin((2*n+1)*x); end >> plot(x,f,x,s2,x,s6)