JIBON RAHASHA O DEHA TATTA

(A Philosophy of Physiology)

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JIBON RAHASHA O DEHA TATTA (A Philosophy of Physiology) xoV´ xOKÓr ßnfPr oJjMPwr ßYP~ \Kaufo xOKÓ IJr ßjAÇ KYrKhjA oJjMPwr oPj
Written by the great muslim scientist & religious leader of Bangladesh
Prof. Alhajj Hazrat Maulana Muhammad Azharul Islam Siddiquee (Rh.) k´vú ß\PVPZ, oJjMw KT FTJA xOKÓ yP~PZ, jJ ßTC fJPT xOKÓ TPrPZ FmÄ IJrS
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Published by hvtPjr jqJ~ hM'Ka KmkrLfioLt nJmiJrJ pMV-pMVJ∂r iPr YPu IJxPZÇ oJjMw xTu
Alhajj Hazrat Maulana D. Muhammad Manzurul Islam Siddiquee KTZMr IK˜fôPT I˝LTJr TrPuS fJr KjP\r IK˜fô fJr KjTa is∆mfJrJr ofA
Peer Saheb, Manikganj Darbar Sharif
Principal, Zamia Arabia Siddiquea Darul Ulam Madrasa (Siddique Nagar, Manikgonj)
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© 2004 Siddiquea Foundation Bangladesh. All rights reservied.
ISBN-984-32-1184-7

No use of this book may be made for reprinted or re-produced or other commercial purposes in
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any form without prior written permission of the publisher and Seddiquea Foundation
Bangladesh. But only for commentary and information, mentioning the name of the writer can
be used.
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AxuJo KxK¨TL xJPym (ry”)-ßT mPuKZPuj, ÍIJKo IJuäJy&kJPTr KjTa ßhJ~J
TPrKZ, oJmMh FT\j AÄPr\L mJÄuJ KvKãf ùJjL oJjMwPT IJkKj FuPo vrL~f S
FuPo oJ'PrlPfr kNetJñ ùJj hJj TPrjÇ IJoJr F ßhJ~J IJuäJy& kJPTr KjTa ßp
TmMu yP~PZ, fJr k´oJe yPòj ˝~Ä IJkKjÇ IJuäJy&kJT IJkjJPT FuPo vrL~f
S FuPo oJ'PrlPfr kNetJñ ùJj hJj TPrPZjÇ" (IJuyJohMKuuäJy&)
ßuUT kKrKYKf
oJKjTV† hrmJr vrLl k´KfÔJ
1965 xJPu mKrvJPur É\Mr ßTmuJ IJuyJ\ô yprf oJSuJjJ ‰x~h ßoJ” FxyJT
(ry”) Fr ÉTáo S ßhJ~Jr oJiqPo oJKjTV† hrmJr vrLl k´KfÔJ TPrj S xoV´
KmPvõ AxuJPor FuPo vrL~f S FuPo oJ'ßrlPfr IJPuJ ZKzP~ ßh~Jr ITîJ∂
kKrvso ÊÀ TPrjÇ oJAPur kr oJAu, TUPjJ kJP~ ßyPa, TUPjJ xJAPTu YJKuP~
É\Mr ßTmuJ oJy&Klu TrPf ßpPfj FmÄ oJjMwPT AxuJPor kPg IJjPf uJVPujÇ
CPuäUq ßp, mKrvJPur É\Mr ßTmuJ \LKmf gJTJ Im˙J~ KfKj TUPjJA KjP\r jJPo
m~Jf (oMKrh) TPrjKj, FaJ KfKj IJhPmr ßUuJl oPj TrPfjÇ xoJP\ yJÑJjL
IJPuo ‰frLr uPãq FA oyJj IJuäJy&r SuL 1977 xJPu \JKo'IJ-IJrJKm~J
KxK¨TL~J hJÀu CuMo oJhsJxJ k´KfÔJ TPrjÇ ßpUJPj IJhm, FuPo vKr~f S
FuPo oJ'Prlf AfqJKh KmwP~r kJvJkJKv IJrmL, ChMt, KmùJj S AÄPr\L KmwP~r
kNetJñ fJKuo ßh~J y~Ç IJiqJK®T \VPfr FA KhTkJu fÅJr ITîJ∂ kKrvsPor
oJiqPo xoV´ KmPvõr k´J~ FT ßTJKa K©v uã oJjMwPT xKbT AxuJPor kPg
kKrYJKuf TPr oyJj IJuäJy&kJPTr xJPg nJumJxJ ˙Jkj TPrPZjÇ oJKjTV†
hrmJr vrLl yPò É\MrkJT (xJ”)-ßT nJumJxJr FmÄ fÅJr xMjúfPT xKbTnJPm
oJjJr hrmJr vrLlÇ KfKj k´Kf mZr IV´yJ~e S lJ›Mj oJPx hMAmJr mJ“xKrT
AxuJoL oyJ-xPÿuPjr IJP~J\j TPrjÇ ßpUJPj oJ© Kfj KhPj oJjMwPT FuPo
oJ'Prlf S FuPo vrL~Pfr kNetJñ KhT KjPhtvjJr oJiqPo AxuJoL \Lmj mqm˙J
fgJ É\MrkJT (xJ”) Fr kNetJñ xMjúf kJuPjr \jq kKrkNet KvãJ hJj TrJ y~Ç
ßpUJPj ßhv KmPhv ßgPT uã uã oJjMw S nÜmOª FuPo vKr~f S FuPo
oJ'PrlPfr fJKuo KjPf FmÄ jmLPk´Po ovèu yP~ xMjúPfr krLãJ~ C•Let yPf
kJVPur of ZMPa IJPxjÇ FUJPj khtJ, IJhm, IJUuJT, FPuo ßgPT ÊÀ TPr
fJxKmy&, kJVzL, ßox&S~JT kpt∂ xTu xMjúPfr kM⁄JjMkM⁄ krLãJ Pj~J y~Ç ßhv-
KmPhv ßgPT IJVf KmKnjú IJPuo-SuJoJVe o∂mq TPrPZj- ÍoJKjTV† hrmJr
vrLl xMjúf S IJhPmr hrmJr"Ç kOKgmLr xo˜ ùJPjr C“x yPò ßTJrIJj vrLl
S yJKhx vrLlÇ fJr mJ˜m k´oJe oJKjTV† hrmJr vrLPl ßVPu ˝YPã ImPuJTj
TrJ pJ~Ç
oJKjTV† hrmJr vrLPl KvKãf, ùJjL S IJPuPor xÄUqJ fáujJoNuTnJPm
ßmvLÇ mftoJPj ßoJPvth ßTmuJr mz xJPym\JhJ S k´iJj UKulJ IJuyJöô yprf
oJSuJjJ c. oMyJÿh oj&pMÀu AxuJo KxK¨TL xJPym Km.F.(IjJxt); Fo.F; Fo.Fo;
Fu.Fu.Km; (dJTJ KmvõKmhqJu~) KkfJr KjPhtv S ßhJ~Jr oJiqPo mJ“xKrT AxuJoL
ßuUT kKrKYKf
oyJ-xPÿuj S oJKjTV† hrmJr vrLl IKmTu KkfJr ofA kKrYJujJ TrPZjÇ
mftoJj kLr xJPym ßTmuJ (IJæJ É\Mr) xŒPTt mJ“xKrT AxuJoL oyJ-xPÿuPj
ßoJPvth ßTmuJ mPuKZPuj ÍPfJoJPhr \jq IJKo hrhnrJ FT\j hrhL oPjr
oJjMwPT ßrPU ßVuJo, IJKo IJoJr IJoPu pfaáTá AxuJPor k´YJr FmÄ k´xJr
TPrKZ IJoJr IJhPrr ßZPu, IJuäJy&r mJªJ fJr IJoPu Fr YJAPf hv èj ßmvL
k´YJr FmÄ k´xJr TrPm Aj&vJIJuäJy&Ç mJkTJ ßmaJ KxkJA TJ ßWJzJÇ ßZPu
vKÜvJuL yPuA KkfJ vKÜvJuL y~Ç IJoJr F ßZPu IJuäJy&r mJªJ hMKj~JPf IJxJr
kNPmt IJKo ßYJPUr kJKj ßlPu IJuäJy&kJPTr KjTa ßhJ~J TPrKZuJo oJmMh IJoJPT
FTKa ßZPu x∂Jj ßhj IJKo FA x∂JjPT AxuJPor TJP\r \jq KjP~JK\f TrPmJ,
IJuäJy&kJT IJoJr F ßhJ~J TmMu TPrPZj" (IJuyJohMKuuäJy&)Ç ßpA oyJj IJuäJy&r
SuL ßYJPUr kuPT FT\j \JyJjúJoL oJjMwPT IJuäJy&r SuL mJjJPf kJrPfj ßxA
ßoJPvth ßTmuJ ßYJPUr kJKj ^KrP~ pJPT hMKj~JPf FPjPZj ßxA oJjMwKa ßToj
yPf kJPr ùJjL oJjMw UMm xyP\A fJ mM^JPf kJPrjÇ IJorJ xmJA ßpj FA
oyJPj~JoPfr xKbT Thr TrPf kJKrÇ CPuäUq ßp, oJKjTV† hrmJr vrLPlr
xTu nÜmOª ioLt~ ßVJzJoL, TáxÄÛJr, IºKmvõJx ßgPT xŒMet„Pk KjrJkh, TJre
oJKjTV† hrmJr vrLPlr kLr xJPym É\Mr, FT\j KvãJKmh KyxJPm ÊiM mJÄuJPh-
PvA j~, xoV´ KmPvõ IjqfoÇ kJT-nJrf CkoyJPhPv Ff Có KvKãf kLr ßjA
muPuA YPuÇ FT\j UÅJKa IJuäJy&r SKu, \JAP~h IJPuo S FT\j KmKvÓ
KvãJKmPhr xy&mPf FPx oyJj IJuúJy&kJPTr xJKjúiq I\tPjr uPãq xTPu
IJoKπfÇ
VPmweJ S KTfJmxoNy
pUj KmùJj YYtJr Ckr jJ-\JP~Ppr lPfJ~J KZu, YvoJ mqmyJraJPTS \JP~p yPm jJ
mPu oPj TrJ yPfJ, ßVJzJ IJPuo S n¥ kLrPhr TJrPe xoJP\ KmvO⁄uJr xOKÓ yKòu,
KbT ßx xo~ KfKj ITîJ∂ kKrvso S Kjrux VPmweJ TPr pMVJ∂TJrL KmùJjKnK•T oyJ
KTfJmxoNPyr oJiqPo xoJ\ ßgPT TáxÄÛJr, IºKmvõJx S ioLt~ ßVÅJzJoL KmhNKrf
TPrKZPujÇ ßxA oyJ KTfJmxoNPyr xÄK㬠metjJ FUJPj fáPu irJ yPuJÇ
KmùJPjr hOKÓPf khtJ
xoJP\r jr-jJrLPT ‰jKfT Imã~ ßgPT rãJ TrJr \jq S YKr©mJj IJhvt
jr-jJrLr xMvOÄUu \Lmj kKrYJujJr KhT KjPhtvjJ KyxJPm ßTJrIJj vrLl S
oPjJKmùJPjr IJPuJPT 1974 xJPu xoJ\PT CkyJr KhPuj ÍKmùJPjr hOKÓPf
khtJ" jJoT oyJV´∫Ka FmÄ k´oJe TPr KhP~PZj khtJ ÊiM ioLt~ \Lmj mqm˙Jr oPiqA
xLoJm≠ j~ mrÄ \JKf, iot, met, KjKmtPvPw xTu ˜Prr oJjMPwr \jq IkKrxLo
ßuUT kKrKYKf
TuqJe mP~ IJPjÇ pJr lPu IxÄUq jr-jJrL ßmkhtJ S KmwJÜ \Lmj ßgPT KlPr
FPx khtJr oJiqPo vJK∂o~ AxuJoL \Lmj ßmPZ KjP~PZÇ FojKT FA KTfJm kPz
IPjT KyªM S UOÓJj oKyuJrJ kpt∂ khtJ (ßmJrUJ kPr) TrJ ÊÀ TPrPZÇ
fJrJjJP~ \JjúJf
KfKj 1981 xJPu ÍfJrJjJP~ \JjúJf" mJ ßmPyv&fL xNr jJoT Ifq∂ Có kptJP~r
IJiqJK®T V\Pur KTfJm k´TJv TPr oyJTKmr kKrY~ KhP~PZjÇ pJ xJPuTPT
IJuäJy&kJPTr UMm KjTPa ßkRÅZJ~Ç fJrJjJP~ \JjúJf ˛re TKrP~ ßh~, 999 xJPur
KhPT ÍoyJTJmq vJyjJoJr" ßuUT oyJTKm ßlrPhRx xJPym, IJjMoJKjT 1205
xJPur ÍèKu˜Jr" ßuUT IJuäJoJ ßvU xJ'hL xJPym (ry”) FmÄ 1237 xJPu
ÍoxjmL vrLPlr" ßuUT oyJTKm oJSuJjJ \JuJuCK¨j ÀoL xJPym (ry”)-r of
oMxKuo oyJTKmPhr Ior TLKftr TgJÇ
oyJ˝kú
É\MrkJT (xJ”) Fr kr xMhLWt k´J~ 15 vf mZr kr KfKjA k´go fÅJr KuKUf
ÍoyJ˝kú" jJoT KTfJPm FTKa yJKhx vrLPlr ‰mùJKjT k´oJe TPrPZj pJ
AKfyJPxr kJfJ~ ˝etJãPr ßuUJ gJTPmÇ xMhLtWq hv mZr Kjrux VPmweJ S ITîJ∂
kKrvso TPr 1986 xJPu KmùJjPT CkyJr KhPuj ÈoyJ˝kú' jJoT KmùJjKnK•T
oyJKTfJmÇ pJ AKfyJPx AxuJPor jJo Cöôu TPr rJUPmÇ
FA KTfJPm KfKj KmùJPjr FA C“TPwtr pMPV KmùJPjr xŒNet jfáj FTKa KgSrL
(Man will have never been vanishing, and one man divided into crore of crores
atom-men after death and they can listen and watch with live feelings)Ç ÍoOfáqr kr
oJjMw Kj”Pvw yP~ pJ~ jJ, FTKa oJjMw ßTJKa ßTJKa kroJeM-oJjMPw „kJ∂Krf y~
FmÄ fJrJ IjMnëKf KjP~A ßhUPf S ÊjPf kJ~" IJKmÏJr TPr k´oJe TPr KhP~PZj
AxuJPor oyJ ojLwLPhr oJiqPoA KmùJPjr xN©kJfÇ FmÄ oPj TKrP~ KhP~PZj
768 xJPu rxJ~Pjr \jT \JKmr AmPj yJA~Jj xJPyPmr TgJ, pJr KuKUf ÍIJu-
KTKo~J" jJoT oyJKTfJm ßgPT krmfLtPf rxJ~Pjr (Chemistry) \jì, KfKjA k´go
xJuKlCKrT FKxc, jJAKasT FKxc AfqJKh IJKmÏJr TPrKZPujÇ IJu-mJ•JjL ßxA
890 xJPuA K©PTJeKoKfr xJAj (SinA), ßTJxJAPjr (CosA) xJPg aqJjP\P≤r
(TanA) xŒTt IJKmÏJr TPrKZPuj FmÄ xmtk´go 365 Khj, 5 W≤J, 46 KoKja 24
ßxPT¥ = FT ßxRr mZr k´oJe TPr KhP~KZPuj, FmÄ aPuoLr mÉ KgSrL xŒNet
náu k´oJe TPr KhP~KZPujÇ IJjMoJKjT 1015 xJPur KYKT“xJ KmùJPjr \jT IJmM
IJuL AmPj KxjJ~ KuKUf oyJ-KTfJm ÍIJu TJjMj Kl IJu Kaæ" (pJ KZu 1750
ßuUT kKrKYKf
xJu kpt∂ KmPvõr xo˜ ßhPvr KYKT“xJ KmùJPjr kJbq mA) Fr AxuJPor optJhJkNet
Km\P~r TgJÇ FT\j jmLj KmùJjL S VPmwT ÍoyJ˝kú" KjP~ VPmweJ TPr
mPuPZj ÍoyJ˝kú" jJoT oyJKTfJmKa k´J~ 500 mZPrr KnfPr Ijqfo oMxKuo
oyJKmùJjLr IJKmÏJr pJ KmùJPjr of iJrJPT kKrmftj TrPmÇ CPuäUq 1987
xJPu FA oyJKmùJjL ßoJPvth ßTmuJ mPuKZPuj ÍoJjMPwr IJñMPur FTaá IÄv
ßTPa ßluPu G TJaJ IÄv ßgPT IxÄUq oJjMw ‰frL TrJ x÷m"- pJ krmfLtPf
ßTîJj KgSrLr „k Kju FmÄ cKu jJoT ßnzJ ‰frL TrJ yuÇ oJjMw ‰frLr VPmweJ
YuPZÇ ÍoyJ˝kú" xŒPTt KfKj mPuPZj, IJoJr oyJ˝kú jJoT YKa mAUJjJ pKh
mqJUqJ FmÄ KmPväwe TrJ y~ fJyPu TP~TKa 5 aKj asJT nrJ KTfJm yPmÇ
\Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô (A Philosophy of Physiology)
1988 xJPu KfKj Í\Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô" (A Philosophy of Physiology) jJoT
KTfJPmr oJiqPo \Lm KmùJPjr hOKÓPTJe ßgPT S hvtPjr pMKÜ KhP~ ßhKUP~PZj
oyJj IJuäJy&kJT oJjm ßhPyr KnfPrr jJjJ \Kau TJpt KTnJPm Ijmrf xoJiJj
TrPZj FmÄ ßhyaJPT mÅJKYP~ ßrPUPZjÇ ßoKcTqJu xJAP¿r K\ˆ (KjptJx) ßmr
TPr ßTJrIJj vrLPlr IJPuJPT F KTfJmUJKj ßuUJ yP~PZÇ oJjm ßhPyr ßTJgJ~
IJuäJy&kJT gJPTj fJr xKbT k´oJe TrJ yP~PZÇ IPjT jJK˜T F KTfJm kPz
IJuäJy&kJPTr k´Kf KmvõJx ˙Jkj TrPf mJiq yP~PZ FmÄ IJuäJy&r kPg FPxPZÇ
oJ'PrlPfr ßnhf•ô
1989 xJPu ÍoJ'PrlPfr ßnhf•ô" jJoT oJ'PrlPfr CóJPñr fgq S KhT
KjPhtvjJ x’Kuf KTfJm KuPUj, pJ KYvKf~J xJPmKr~J frLTJr xJPuTPhr kJbq mA
KyxJPm mqmÂf yPòÇ
oyJ nJmjJ (A Philosophy of Astronomy)
oyJj IJuäJy&kJPTr IK˜fô xŒPTt FToJ© KfKjA k´go fÅJr KuKUf ÍoyJ-nJmjJ"
(A Philosophy of Astronomy) jJoT oyJKTfJPm xoV´ KmvõPT YqJPu† TPrPZj,
pJ KmPvõr jJK˜TPhr oJgJ KjYM TPr KhPòÇ ßTJrIJj vrLl, yJhLx vrLl S
KmùJPjr IJPuJPT IJuäJy&kJPTr KmvJufJ xŒPTt ùJjVnt IJPuJYjJ TrJ yP~PZ F
KTfJmKaPfÇ FmÄ pMKÜ KhP~ ßhUJPjJ yP~PZ, ßp mqKÜ IJuäJy&kJPTr FmJhf TPr
jJ ßx KjTíÓ k´JeLr ßYP~S IioÇ CPuäUq KfKj 1999 xJPur 13A oJYt xoV´ KmPvõr
k´J~ 200 cÖPra S oMxKuo hJvtKjTVPer oJiqPo pMPVr ßvsÔ rYjJ KyPxPm c.
KxTJªJr IJuL AmsJKyoL xJPym TfítT ˝etkhT ßkP~PZjÇ KmKvÓ AxuJoL KY∂JKmh
S VPmwT cJ” yJÀj-Ir-rKvh xJPyPmr (ßuTYJrJr, Kc.Fo.Kx) oPf mftoJj KmPvõ
ßuUT kKrKYKf
Modern Astronomy muPf pKh KTZM gJPT fJr jJo yPò ÍoyJ-nJmjJ”Ç
iNo KkkJxJ xmtjJvJ
1989 xJPu ÍiNo KkkJxJ xmtjJvJ” KTfJPmr oJiqPo k´TJv TrPuj KT CkJP~
iMokJj TrPu ßTJj ãKf y~ jJ FmÄ KTnJPm iMokJj fqJV TrJ pJ~ fJr FTKa
Imqgt CkJ~ muJ yP~PZÇ AyJ mÉ krLKãfÇ
kLr irJr ITJaq hKuu
ÍkLr irJr ITJaq hKuu” KuPU k´oJe TrPuj IJuäJy&kJPTr xJKjúiq ßkPf yPu
FT\j UÅJKa kLr ImvqA irPf yPmÇ kOKgmLr pMVPvsÔ xo˜ IJuäJy&r SuLVe xmJA
ßp kLr iPrA oyJojLwL yP~PZj, ßx xŒPTt xKbT IJPuJYjJ TPrPZjÇ
TP~TKa TJrJof
IJuäJy&kJPTr mz mz SuLPhr (Táfmá -Cu-IJTfJm) \LmPj oyJj IJuäJy&kJPTr kã
ßgPT KmKnjú IPuRKTT WajJ WPa gJPTÇ pJr oJiqPo xJiJre oJjMPwr BoJjL vKÜ mOK≠
kJ~Ç ßfoKj KTZM xÄUqT IPuRKTT WajJ mJ TJrJof FUJPj k´TJv TrJ yuÇ
✼ Vek´\JfπL mJÄuJPhv xrTJPrr oJjjL~ KmYJrkKf ßoJ” IJ»Mx xJuJo xJPymPT
yJPlöL É\MPrr UKulJ IiqJkT \jJm xJoxMu IJuo xJPym, yprf oJSuJjJ
IJvrJl IJuL gJjmL (ry”) Fr KuUJ ÍTJxhMu xJKmu" jJoT FuPo oJ'ßrlPfr
FTKa KTfJm kzPf KhP~KZPujÇ KmYJrkKf xJPyPmr nJwJ~- ÍTJxhMu xJKmu"
KTfJmUJjJ kzJ Im˙J~ IJKo FTKhj oJKjTVP†r É\Mr ßTmuJr xKyf \JoJPf
IJxr jJoJ\ kzJr \jq oJKjTV† hrmJr vrLPl pJAÇ IJxPrr jJoJ\ kzJr
kr IJKo ßoJPvth ßTmuJPT xJuJo k´hJj TKr- ÈIJx&xJuJo IJuJATáo'Ç xJu-
JPor \mJm ßhS~Jr kr KfKj IJoJPT muPuj, ÍIJxr jJoJP\r kNPmt, IJoJr
FUJPj IJxJr xo~ IJkKj ÈTJxhMu xJKmu' KTfJmUJjJ kPz FPxPZjÇ" IJKo
muuJo, Í\ôL É\Mr" FmÄ fÅJr ÈFuPo TJv&l' xŒPTt ImVf yP~ KmK˛f yuJoÇ
✼ ˙Jj m~rJ” ßoJPvth ßTmuJ oJKjTVP†r yKrrJokMPrr m~rJ V´JPo IJ»Mu yJKuo
jJPo FT\j oMKrPhr mJzLPf KVP~KZPujÇ KfKj fUj jLPYr KhPT fJKTP~
muPuj ÍoJKar jLY KhP~ ßfJ AKuv oJPZr ^ÅJT ßhUJ pJ~”Ç G oMKrh fUj KTZM
mM^Pf kJrPuJ jJ, mM^Jr TgJS jJÇ IJuäJy&r SuLPhr TgJ mM^JaJS FTaJ
TJrJofÇ m~rJ ßgPT k´J~ xJPz kÅJY oJAu hNPr k∞J jhL KZuÇ KTZM KhPjr
ßuUT kKrKYKf
oPiq FA xJPz kÅJY oJAu \J~VJ ßnPñ G oMKrPhr mJzL xy jhL yP~ ßVuÇ
FUj ßxA \J~VJ~ AKuv oJPZr ^JT ßhUJ pJ~Ç ß\PurJ IKiT xÄUqT AKuv
oJZ irJr \jq ßxUJPj pJ~Ç
✼ ˙Jj ” xJaáKr~J jPªvLPf - ßoJPvth ßTmuJ FTKhj IJxPrr jJoJ\ IJhJ~
TrPf ßhKr yP~KZu IgJt“ jJoJP\r xo~ k´J~ ßvPwr KhPTÇ fUj xJPg
TP~T\j oMKrh KZu fJPhrPT KfKj muPuj ÍoxK\Phr hr\J-\JjJuJ mº TPr
ßhS IJKo jJoJ\ IJhJ~ TKr”Ç oxK\Phr KnfPr ßoJPvth ßTmuJ FTJA jJoJ\
IJhJ~ TrKZPujÇ hr\J \JjJuJ mº TPr oMKrhrJ mJAPr mxJ KZu, FTaá kPr
IJ»Mu TJPhr ßoJuäJ (ßoJPvth ßTmuJr UJPho) nJA nJmPuj ßTJj \JjJuJ ßUJuJ
IJPZ jJKT ßhPU IJKx, KfKj oxK\Phr hr\J KhP~ KnfPr fJKTP~ ßhPUj
ßoJPvth ßTmuJr \J~jJoJ\ oJKa ßgPT FT yJf CkPr CPb IJPZ FmÄ ßoJPvth
ßTmuJ vNPjqr CkPr jJoJ\ IJhJ~ TrPZj (IJuyJohMKuäuäJy&)Ç - ßYJPU ßhUJ
xJãL ßoJuäJ nJA S TP~T\j oJSuJjJ xJPymPT IJuäJy&kJT IJ\S mJKÅYP~
ßrPUPZjÇ
✼ ˙Jj ” ßVJuJTJªJ ∏ ßoJPvth ßTmuJ rJPf KmZJjJ~ ÊP~ WMKoP~ KZPujÇ xJPg
oJSuJjJ oK\mMr ryoJj uJyrL S vSTf jJPo hMA \j oMKrh KZPujÇ fJrJS
WMoJPujÇ VnLr rJPf oJSuJjJ uJyrL xJPym CPb ßhUPuj ßoJPvth ßTmuJ
KmZJjJ~ jJA fUj KfKj nJmPuj ßoJPvth ßTmuJ KT FP˜†J~ ßVPuj, nJu TPr
UÅMP\ ßhUPuj ßjAÇ oxK\PhS ßjAÇ FKhT SKhT UÅM\Pf KVP~ oJSuJjJ uJyrL
S vSTf xJPym ßhUPuj kKÁo kJPv kMTáPrr oJ^UJPj IJTJPvr Ckr ßgPT
FTKa Cöôu IJPuJ FPx krPZ ßxA IJPuJr oJ^UJPj ßoJPvth ßTmuJ \
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ßoJPvth ßTmuJ kJKjr Ckr KhP~ ßnPx kMTáPrr KTjJPrr KhPT IJxPf uJVPuj,
Ckr ßgPT IJPuJaJS IJxKZuÇ fUj oMKrh hMA\j nJmPuj ßoJPvth ßTmuJ pKh
fJPhrPT ßhPU rJV TPrj, FA ßnPm hMA\j FPx WPr ÊP~ kzPujÇ KT∂á
IJuäJy&r SuL mM^Pf ßkPrKZPuj FrJ hMA\j ßhPU ßlPuPZ, WPr FPx hMA\jPT
muPuj ÍpJ ßhPUPZJ IJKo \LKmf gJTJ Im˙J~ TUjS TJPrJ TJPZ muPm jJ”Ç
∏ßYJPU ßhUJ xJãL oJSuJjJ oK\mMr ryoJj uJyrL S vSTf xJPymPT
IJuäJy&kJT IJ\S mÅJKYP~ ßrPUPZjÇ
✼ 1994 xJPu C•r mJ`J AxuJKo~J TJKou oJhsJxJr Kk´K¿kJu S èuvJj ßTªsL~
oxK\Phr UKfm IJuyJöô yprf oJSuJjJ ßoJ” vJoxMu yT xJPym yöô TrPf
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Kk´K¿kJu xJPymPT muPuj ÍohLjJ oPjJ~JrJ~ oxK\Ph jmmLPf jJoJ\ IJhJ~
TrJr kr rJxNuMuäJy (xJ”) Fr rS\J ßoJmJrT K\~JrPfr xo~ IJoJr xJuJo
S h„h vrLl h~Ju jmL\LPT (xJ”) ßkÅRZJP~ KhP~jÇ” Kk´K¿kJu xJPym yöô
TrPf ßVPuj, KfKj É\Mr (xJ”) Fr rS\J vrLPl KVP~ mJÄuJPhv ßgPT pJrJ
xJuJo kJKbP~KZu FPT FPT xmJr jJo mPu xJuJo KhKòPuj ßpA oJ© Kk´K¿kJu
xJPym h~Ju ßoJPvth ßTmuJr jJo mPu xJuJo KhPuj xJPg xJPg É\MrkJT
(xJ”) Fr rS\J vrLl ßgPT xJuJPor \mJm IJxu ÍS~JTáuäJÉ KojKj xJuJo”
IgtJ“ IJoJr xJuJoS fÅJyJr KjTa ßkRZJP~ KhS” (xMmyJjIJuäJy&)Ç F frLTJr
AoJo Táfám-Cu-IJTfJm VrLm-A-ßjS~J\ yprf UJ\J oJBjMK¨j KYvKf
(ry”) Fr of oJKjTV† kLr xJPym É\Mr, h~Ju jmL\Lr (xJ”) kã ßgPT
xJuJPor \mJm ßkPujÇ -Kj\ TJPj ßvJjJ S ßYJPU ßhUJ xJãL IJuyJöô
yprf oJSuJjJ ßoJ” vJoxMu yT xJPymPT IJuäJy&kJT IJ\S mÅJKYP~ ßrPUPZjÇ
hMKj~JmLnJPm khtJr IJzJPu
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IJhPrr jJfLÆ~ yprf AoJo yJxJj (rJ”) S yprf AoJo ßyJxJAj (rJ”) FTA
rJPf FTA ˝kú ßhPU nP~ KjÁák yP~ kPrKZPujÇ fUj fJPhr xTu TJP\r C“x,
k´JeJKiT Kk´~ jJjJ\JPjr (xJ”) KjTa FPx hMA nJA muPuj, ÍjJjJ\Jj IJorJ
hMAnJA VfTJu rJPf FTA ˝kú ßhPU n~ ßkP~KZ”Ç É\MrkJT (xJ”) muPuj
jJjJnJA KT ßhPUZ IJoJPT mu, fUj mz nJA AoJo yJxJj (rJ”) muPuj ÍIJKo
ßhUuJo IJoJPhr YJKrKhPT UMm Kmkh, k´Y¥ ^z yPò, ßTJgJS IJvs~ kJKò jJ, hMA
nJA nP~ ßhRzJPhRKz TrKZ, Foj xo~ FTKa mz VJZ ßhPU hMA nJA G VJPZr KjPY
KVP~ IJvs~ ßjA, FTaá kPr ybJ“ ß\JPr mJfJx FPx VJZKaPT ßnPñ KjP~ pJ~Ç”
fUj h~Ju jmL\L É\Mr (xJ”) TKjÔ jJfL AoJo ßyJxJAj (rJ”) ßT muPuj
ÍjJjJnJA fáKo KT ßhPUZ mu?" KfKj muPuj ÍjJjJ\Jj IJKo ÉmÉ FTA ˝kú
ßhPUKZ”Ç fUj h~Ju jmL\L É\Mr (xJ”) TKu\Jr aáTrJ hMAnJAPT \KzP~ iPr
ßYJPUr \Pu mMT nJKxP~ muPuj ÍnJAÆ~ UMm KvWsA ßfJorJ ßfJoJPhr jJjJnJAPT
yJrJPm, ßfJoJPhr jJjJnJA hMKj~J ßgPT KmhJ~ yP~ pJPm” F TgJ ÊPj KvÊ nJAÆ~
(rJ”) VzJVKz KhP~ TÅJhPf ÊÀ TPrKZPujÇ fJA hMKj~J ßgPT KmhJ~ yS~Jr TgJ
xmtk´go jJfL nJAPT muJaJS xMjúfÇ É\MrkJT (xJ”) Fr UÅJKa S~JKrx h~Ju
ßoJPvth ßTmuJ hMKj~J ßgPT KmhJ~ yS~Jr TgJKa KmhJ~ yS~Jr KTZMKhj kNPmt
xMjúf˝„k fÅJr IJhPrr jJfL- jJfjL nJAPhrPT mPuKZPujÇ KfKj xJrJ \Lmj I\
xs kKrvsPor luvs∆KfPf 67 mZr m~Px Ifq∂ hMmtu yP~ kPzKZPujÇ
ßxKhj KZu 2000 xJPur 21 ßv ßo rKmmJr KhmJVf rJK© IgtJ“ ßxJomJr,
ßuUT kKrKYKf
ßoJPvth ßTmuJ TjqJPhrPT muPuj IJoJPT nJu TPr ßVJxu TKrP~ hJSÇ xmJA
fÅJPT ßVJxu TKrP~ KhPujÇ ßmv KTZMKhj IxM˙ gJTJr TJrPe UMm I· IJyJr
TrPfjÇ KT∂á ßxKhj muPuj, ÍIJoJPT UJmJr hJS IJKo IJ\PT UJm"Ç KfKj nJu
TPr UJS~J hJS~J TrPuj, fJrkr Fߘ†J ßxPr S\M TPr KmZJjJ~ ÊPfA vrLr
UMm UJrJk uJVKZuÇ KmZJjJ~ ÊP~ mz mz võJx KjPf KjPf ÍkJZ IJj lJZ" xmT
(Kj”võJx KjPf IJuäJy&- ZJzPf É) TrKZPujÇ KTZMãe xmT TrPf TrPf xo˜
vrLr KjP˜\ yP~ pJ~ FmÄ KmPvõr k´J~ FT ßTJKa K©v uã oJjMPwr j~joKj,
Táfám-Cu-IJTfJm, Ifq∂ Có kptJP~r IJiqJK®T ùJj xŒjú É\MrkJT (xJ”) Fr
FA UJÅKa S~JKrx xTPur mMT UJKu TPr hMKj~JmLnJPm khtJr IJzJu yP~ ßVPujÇ
ßoJPvth ßTmuJr oyJ-oNuqmJj TP~TKa mJeL
● \LmPjr k´go vJPU ßp ßTJKTu k´go cJPT, ßyJT ßx Tá“Kxf TJPuJ, fmM \
LmPjr IJPuJÇ
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TgJ muPfj, yprf IJuL (rJ”)-ßT WJPz TPr kJKj IJjPf mPuPZjÇ xm TgJ
IJ\S mJfJPx ßnPx ßmzJ~Ç
● É\MrkJT (xJ”) mPuPZj ÍKmPvõr FT k´J∂ ßgPT Ijq k´JP∂ oJ© 70 yJ\Jr
UÅJKa BoJjhJr gJTPm" fáKo mPx mPx nJm fáKo F krLãJ~ ßaPTJ KTjJÇ
● KmPvõr FT k´J∂ ßgPT Ijqk´JP∂ TPuoJ ÍuJ-AuJyJ AuäJuäJy&”-r ±jLPf
k´Kf±jLf yPmÇ
● FTKa TgJ KfKj, uãq uãq oJjMPwr xJoPj k´J~A muPfj fJ'yPuJ ÍIJoJPT
pKh ßTC TUPjJ kJj UJS~Jr xo~ cJj yJPfr kKrmPft mJo yJPf YMj ßUPf
ßhPUj FmÄ ßTJj xMjúf FojKT FTKa ßoJ˜JyJPmrS ßUuJk TrPf ßhPUj,
fJyPu IJoJr oMKrh yP~ pKh IJoJPT xÄPvJij TPr jJ ßhj fJyPu ßT~Jof
kpt∂ PbTJ (hJKm) gJTPmjÇ
● oNUtq ßuJPTr BoJj TYM kJfJr kJKjÇ
● Cb, \JV, IKnÔ KxK≠r IJPV ãJ∂ yAS jJÇ
● IJoJr FTaJ IjMPrJi, yJhLx vrLPl pJ IJPZ ßpoj IJPZ FmÄ ßTJrIJj vrLPl
pJ IJPZ ßpoj IJPZ ßfojnJPmA \Lmj YJuJPf yPmÇ Fr mJAPr IJoJr iJPr
(KjTa) ßp m~Jf (oMKrh) yA~J gJPTj ßTJj mMK≠ UJaJAPf kJrPmj jJ, pKh
UJaJj IJKo fJr kLr jJ, ßx IJoJr oMKrh jJÇ
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● oJjMw ùJj-KmùJPj âoJVfnJPm Foj CjúKf TrPZ ßp, Frkr oJjMw IJr oJjMw
gJTPm jJ, UJKu ùJjA yPmÇ pKh ßTC ßyPa pJ~ oJjMw muPm FTaJ ùJj ßyPa
pJ~, Ff ùJjL oJjMw yPm FrTo yPf yPf IJuäJy& rJæMu IJuJoLjPT I˝LTJr
TrPm (jJC\MKmuäJy&), TrPf TrPf IJmJr UMm pKh ùJjL y~ fUj ßx KlPr
IJmJr IJuäJy&kJPTr TáhrfL kJP~ kPr TJªJ ÊÀ TrPm (IJuyJohMKuuäJy&)Ç
● ßTJj v» ÊÀ yPu ßxaJ ßTJgJS ßpP~ ßvw y~ jJ, ßpPfA gJPT, kOKgmLr Ijq
k´JP∂ ßpP~S ßvw y~ jJ, FnJPm V´y ßgPT V´yJ∂Pr pJ~, ßpPf ßpPf IJuäJy&kJT
kpt∂ pJ~Ç
● Wr ßpoj oJjMwPT IJTJv yAPf KmKòjú TPr rJPU, oJjMPwr oPjr WrS fJPT
IJuäJy& ßgPT (Ij∂ ßgPT) KmKòjú TPr rJPUÇ
● fáKo ßhKUPfZ kJyJzèKu K˙r yA~J rKy~JPZÇ IgY CyJ ßoPWr jqJ~ YuJPlrJ
TKrPfPZÇ
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rTPor xŒTt IJPZÇ
● ßfJoJr hMmtu BoJPjr xPñ FTaJ xmu BoJPjr ßpJV TrÇ
● FTaJ oJjMPwr TJPZ jJ ßVPu oJjMw oJjMw y~jJÇ
● FPuPor pUj oOfáq y~, IJPuo fUj IJPuo y~Ç
● \V“ ß\JzJ FTA ßoJPvth KYPj T~\jJ, ßoJPvtPhr ore y~ jJ ßTJj TJPuÇ
● ßhUPu fÅJPr ßhUJr of, xJijJ KT uJVf Ff? nJmPu fÅJPr nJmJr of, nJmjJ
rAf jJ IJrÇ
Km” hs” FUJPj UMm xÄPãPk F oyJj IJuäJy&r IuLr kKrKYKf k´TJv TrJ yPuJÇ
KxK¨TL~J lJCP¥vPjr kã ßgPT ßoJPvth ßTmuJr xŒNjt \LmjL ßmr yPf pJPòÇ
\Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô 19
\LmPjr ßVJkj TgJ
FA oMyëPft IJkKj ßToj TPr mPx IJPZj, ßToj TPr FA mAUJKj kzPZj, TgJ
muPZj, fJ Kjntr TPr FTaJ IJÁpt pPπr CkPrÇ ßxaJ ¸Kªf jJ yPu, ßYJPUr
kuPT IJkKj KYrfPr ˜… yP~ pJPmjÇ FA ImJT TrJ hM„y pπKar jJo yPò
“Kk¥Ç fJA FA pπJKa x’PºA k´gPo KTZM IJPuJYjJ TrJ hrTJrÇ
oJjmPhPyr mã˙Pur mJoKhPT oiqòhJr (Diaphragm)–Fr CkPr “Kk¥Ka
ImK˙fÇ ßhUPf IKmTu FTKa ma kJfJr ofÇ ßVJzJ k´v˜ oJgJaJ KYTj
ßZÅJYJPuJÇ Â“Kk¥aJ oJ^JoJK^ hM'ßaJ nJPV KmnÜ yP~PZÇ k´PfqT nJPV IJmJr
hM'ßaJ TPr nJVÇ cJjKhPTr UP¥ SkPr FTKa jLPY FTKaÇ IjM„knJPm mJoKhPTr
UP§ SkPr FTKa jLPY FTKa nJV rP~PZÇ cJjKhPTr SkPrr nJPVr jJo cJj
IKuª (Right Atrium), jLPYr nJPVr jJo cJj Kju~ (Right Ventricle)Ç IjM„knJPm,
“KkP¥r mJo IÄPvr SkPrr IÄPvr jJo mJo IKuª (Left Atrium) FmÄ jLPYr
IÄPvr jJo mJo Kju~ (Left Ventricle)Ç Â“KkP¥r hM'kJPv Skr ßgPT jLPY ^áPu
rP~PZ hM'ßaJ uJCP~r of K\KjwÇ FPhrPT láxláx mJ ZJTKj (Lungs) muJ yP~PZÇ
FrJ Kj”võJPxr ßnfr ßgPT IKéP\j jJoT FTk´TJr K\Kjx ßZÅPT rPÜ KoKvP~
“KkP¥ kJKbP~ ßh~, fJr SkPrA IJoJPhr \Lmj Kjntr TPrÇ
oJjmPhPy I\xs rÜmJyL jJuL IJPZ, pJPhr Knfr KhP~ ßhPy rÜ YuJYu TPr
ßhyPT xmthJ \Lm∂ rJPUÇ FA jJuLèPuJ hM'rTPorÇ FTKar jJo KvrJ pJ ßhPyr
IJm\tjJo~ rÜ Â“KkP¥ KjP~ pJ~ ßvJiPjr \jqÇ IjqKar jJo ioKj pJ KhP~
ßvJKif rÜ xJrJPhPy käJKmf yP~ kPzÇ
IØMf CkJP~ “Kk¥ TJ\ TPr YPuÇ Â“Kk¥aJ FTaJ ßVJP˜r Kk¥Ç ßhPyr
KvrJèPuJ IPvJKif rÜ myj TPr k´gPo “KkP¥ cJjnJPVr SkPrr IÄPv KjP~
pJ~, pJPT cJj IKuª mPu, rÜ pUj ßdJPT fUj cJj IKuPªr ßVJ˜èPuJ k´xJKrf
yP~ rÜaJ V´ye TPr kPr rÜPT ßx xÄTáKYf TPr cJj KjuP~ ßbPu ßh~Ç Fr
oJ^UJPj FTaJ mqJkJr WPaÇ cJj IKuª FmÄ cJj KjuP~r oPiq FTKa TkJKaTJ
rP~PZ IgtJ“ hr\Jr ofÇ ßxKa AÄPrK\ ÈV' IãPrr ofA KT∂á jLPYr KhPT
ßUJuJÇ cJj IKuª pUj xÄTáKYf yP~ rÜPT cJj KjuP~ kJbJPf ÊÀ TPr, rÜ
20 \Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô
fUj FA TkJKaTJ mJ hr\JKa (Mitral Valve) KhP~ IKfâo TPrÇ rPÜ cJj Kju~
nPr pJ~ fUj FA TkJKaTJ mJ hr\JKa mº yP~ pJ~Ç cJj Kju~ ßgPT FA rÜ
FTaJ jJuL KhP~ xrJxKr “KkP¥r hM'KhPT hM'ßaJ láxláPx dáPTÇ SKhPT láxláx
Kj”võJx ßgPT ßp IKéP\j xÄV´y TPr ßrPUPZ, rÜ fJr KnfPr ßdJTJr xPñ xPñ
hM'KhPTr hM'ßaJ láxláxA rPÜr xPñ IKéP\j KoKvP~ rÜPT ßvJKif TPr ßh~Ç
fJrkr FA ßvJKif rÜ IJmJr láxláPxr xÄPpJK\f jJuL KhP~ “KkP¥r mJo
IÄPvr CkKrnJPV mJo IKuPª k´Pmv TPrÇ mJo IKuª xPñ xPñ ßxA rÜ mJo
KjuP~ ßk´re TPrÇ FUJPjS IKuª S KjuP~r oPiq FTaJ hr\J IJPZÇ Â“KkP¥r
cJjKhPT pJ pJ y~, mJo IÄPvS fJA y~Ç mJo IKuª ßgPT rÜ pUj mJo KjuP~
pJ~, fUj mJo KjuP~r xmPYP~ èÀfôkNet TJ\Ka TrPf y~Ç rÜ pUj fJr KnfPr
ßdJPT ßx k´xJKrf y~ FmÄ kPr xÄTáKYf yP~ pJ~Ç xÄTáKYf ymJr xo~ ßx rÜPT
Foj ß\JPr FTaJ iJÑJ ßh~ ßp rÜaJ FT KoKjPar KnfPr ßhPyr xo˜
Iñ-k´fqPñ∏ FojKT YMPur ßVJzJ, ßYJPUr oKj, yJf S kJP~r IJÄèPur oJgJ~
kpt∂ xûJKuf TPr ßh~Ç
nJmmJr TgJ
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ßrPUPZÇ k´Kf KoKjPa FA ¸ªPjr xÄUqJ yPò 70 ßgPT 80 mJrÇ F y'u ˝JnJKmT
¸ªjÇ FnJPm ‰hKjT “Kk¥aJ k´J~ FT uã mJr ¸Kªf y~Ç IgtJ“ xÄTáKYf y~
S xŒsxJKrf y~Ç KmùJjLrJ IPjT nJmjJ KY∂J TPr, IPjT krLãJ KjrLãJ TPr
ßvw kpt∂ o∂mq TPrPZj “KkP¥r FA ryxqo~ ¸ªPjr TJre IJorJ UÅMP\ ßmr
TrPf kJruJo jJ FmÄ ˝LTJr TPr mPuPZj, KjÁ~A Fr ßkZPj ßTJj IhOvq vKÜ
TJ\ TPr pJ IJoJPhr ßmJiVoq jPyÇ IPjPT mPu FmÄ KmvõJxS TPr xsÓJ muPf
ßTC ßjAÇ xmA FoKjPf y~∏ Fxm pJrJ nJPm FmÄ mPu fJrJ KT∂á Fxm
ßhyf•ôKmh oyJKmùJjLPhr ZJ© ymJr of ùJjS rJPU jJÇ IgmJ KmPvw FTaJ
KmwP~ KTZM ß\Pj-ßaPj FT IJiaJ kJv-aJv TPrPZÇ oyJKmùJjL FmÄ oyJùJjL
IJAjÓJAjPT k´vú TrJ yP~KZu, xsÓJ muPf KT ßTJj oyJvKÜ IJPZj? KfKj C•r
KhPuj, KjÁ~A IJPZj KT∂á fJr x’Pº ßfJorJ KTZM IjMiJmj TrPf kJrPm jJÇ
IJPrTKa nJmmJr TgJ, “Kk¥aJ ßTj YuoJj gJPT FmÄ fJr FA vKÜ k´gPo
ßTJgJ ßgPT FuÇ pJrJ ÊiM KmùJj KmùJj TPr IJr pMKÜ ZJzJ KTZMA oJPj jJ
fJrJ pMKÜPf IJaTJ kzPuS pMKÜPTS pMKÜyLj mPu oPj TPrÇ FaJ FTaJ
FTèP~Ko ˝nJm FmÄ pJ ùJPjr IuPãq ùJjPT lÅJKT ßhmJr FToJ© iJrJu
I˘Ç KmvõKmvs∆f oyJùJjL KmùJjL KjCaj IJAj k´TJv TrPuj, ßx IJAj xJrJ Kmvõ
\Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô 21
ßYJU mº TPr ßoPj KjuÇ KfKj muPuj, \z khJPgt VKf xOKÓ jJ TPr KhPu ßx VKf
xŒjú y~ jJ FmÄ pfãe VKf xOKÓr TJre gJPT ffãeA F \z khJgt VKf xŒjú
gJPTÇ F yPò KjCaPjr ßh~J IJAj (Law of Newton)Ç Â“Kk¥ FTaJ oJÄx U¥
IgtJ“ \z khJgtÇ Â“Kk¥aJ xOKÓ ymJr kr KjÁák yP~ kPzKZu VKfyLjnJPmÇ FPf
ßTJj ¸ªj KZu jJ, ßTJj xÄPTJYj mJ xŒsxJre KZujJÇ cJj mJ mJo IKuª FmÄ
Kju~èPuJ KjK‘~ Im˙J~ YMk TPr mPxKZuÇ ybJ“ FT xo~ FrJ jPz Cbu, ¸Kªf
yPf uJVu FmÄ ÂhKâ~J ÊÀ yP~ ßVuÇ \z khJgtPT YJKuP~ jJ KhPu YPu jJ,
VKf xOKÓ TPr jJ KhPu VKf xŒjú y~jJ∏ KmùJjLr F IJAPj KmvõJxL pMKÜmJhLrJ,
jJK˜TrJS F IJAj ßoPj ßj~Ç FA “Kk¥Ka oJjMPwr \LmjPT k´KfKj~f \Lm∂
Im˙J~ mÅJKYP~ rJUPZÇ xmtJñ∏FojKT fJr pMKÜ TrJr ãofJS ßp pMKVP~ KhPò∏
FA “Kk¥aJ k´go Im˙J~ Ifq∂ KjK‘~ KZu, KZu VKfyLj, ¸ªjyLj, ˙KmrÇ
FaJPT k´go FTaJ iJÑJ KhP~ ßT FPf VKf xOKÓ TPr Khu? KmùJjLrJ mPuj,
FaJ IJorJ \JKjPj, FaJ IJoJPhr ßmJiVoq y~ jJÇ Â“Kk¥ ßTj ßp Foj TPr
jzJYzJ TPr, Fr TJre ßTC IJ\S UÅMP\ ßmr TrPf kJPrKjÇ
“KkP¥r FA ¸ªPjr FTaJ TJre UÅMP\ ßkPf KVP~ IJrS yfmJT yP~ fJrJ
oyJxsÓJPT ˝LTJr TPr KjP~PZÇ fJrJ IjMxºJj TrPf KVP~ ßhPUPZ nqJVJx
(vagus) jJnt jJPo FTaJ jJuL oJgJr KjÕnJV ßgPT ßjPo oiqòhJ kpt∂ FPx
KoPvPZÇ FaJ “KkP¥ KVP~ KoPvPZÇ nqJVJx TgJr oJPj nmWMPr (Vagabond)Ç
fKzPfr of k´mJy Fr Knfr KhP~ FPx “KkP¥ Ijmrf ßk´reJ (Impulse) ßh~,
xPñ xPñ “Kk¥ xKâ~ yP~ SPbÇ KT∂á KmùJjLrJ vf ßYÓJ TPrS IJKmÏJr TrPf
kJPrKj FA ßk´reJ ßTJgJ ßgPT IJPx FmÄ oK˜PÏr ßTJgJ~ FA ßk´reJ xOKÓTJrL
ßoKvj (Generating machine)Ç KmùJj mPu, k´KfKa vKÜ (Energy) xOKÓr FT
xOKÓTJrL ßoKvj (Generating machine) IJPZ, pJ ßgPT vKÜr C“x IJPxÇ ßpoj
TJ¬JA-Fr xOKÓTJrL ßoKvj ßgPT KmhMq“ xrmrJy yP~ IJPx, cJ~jJoJ ßgPT vKÜ
IJPxÇ KmùJjLrJ oJgJ jf TPr mPuPZj, nqJVJx jJPntr ßk´reJr C“x-vKÜr C“x
ßTJgJ~ fJ KjÁ~A I\JjJ FT vKÜr yJPf FmÄ FA vKÜA yPòj IJuäJy rJæMu
IJ'uJKojÇ
FoKj nJPm ßhyf•ôKmhVe oJjm ßhy \rLk TrPf KVP~ IxÄUq ˙JPj oyJxsÓJ
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“Kk¥Pf ÓJat TKrP~ KhP~PZj FmÄ KpKj nqJVJx jJPnt \Lmj k´mJPyr ßk´reJ
(Impulse) AjP\Ö TPr KhPòj, KfKj xoV´ xOKÓPT \JKjP~ KhP~PZj, ÍIJuäJÉ
jMÀx&xJoJS~JPf S~Ju IJrh" (IJu-Tá'rIJj) IgtJ“ IJxoJj \KoPj pJ KTZM
22 \Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô
ßk´reJ kJ~, vKÜ kJ~, “Kk¥ fJr YuvKÜ kJ~, nqJVJx jJnt k´mJy kJ~, \LmPTJw
fJr vKÜ kJ~∏ FxPmr ß\jJPrar yKò IJKo, IJKo oyJIJPuJ, oyJPf\o~ vKÜÇ
IJoJr oyJvKÜr ßoKvj ßgPT xmJA vKÜ (Energy) kJ~Ç IJoJr IJPuJ KmhMqPfr
k´mJPyr of oK˜PÏ ßUPu pJ~ Ijmrf, fJ ßgPT nqJVJx jJnt k´mJy kJ~Ç ßxA
fKz“ k´mJy k´KfKj~f “Kk¥PT CöLKmf TPr FmÄ fJr ¸ªj vKÜ ßpJVJ~Ç F
\jq k´KfKa oJjMwPT IJuäJy& IjMiJmj TPr ßhUPf mPuPZj, ÍIJlJuJ fJ'ßTuMj",
IgtJ“ ßfJoJPhr KT ùJj ßjA? ßfJorJ KT FPTmJPrA kJgPrr ßYP~ ˙Kmr yP~ KY∂J
Tr? ßfJoJPhr xJoPj FT U¥ ßVJv&f UJmJPrr ßk~JuJ~ rJUJ yu, FUj fáKo SPf
yJf KhPf pJPm Foj xo~ pKh G oJÄxKk¥Ka ybJ“ ¸Kªf yP~ xÄTáKYf FmÄ
xŒsxJKrf yPf gJPT FmÄ fJr Knfr ßgPT ß^JuèPuJ CgKuP~ SPb FmÄ CbJjJoJ
TrPf gJPT k´Kf KoKjPa 80 mJr, fPm fáKo KjÁ~A uJl KhP~ CbPm, nJmjJ~
KmPnJr yP~ KYuäJKYKuä TPr KmKmPT, kzvLPT yJTJyJKT TPr cJTPf ÊÀ TrPmÇ
KT∂á ßfJoJr KnfPr KoKjPa 70 ßgPT 80 mJr ßfJoJr KjP\r ßVJvfU¥aJ
uJlJPò, fJr v»S fáKo ßÓKgxPTJPk TJPj ÊjPf kJS, TA fáKo ßfJ \LmPj
ßTJjKhj Fr \jq ßfJoJr ßTJj ùJjL kzvLPT ßcPT Fr TJreaJ K\Pùx
TrPu jJ mJ náPuS FTKhj FTaá KY∂J TPr ßhUPu jJÇ FA oPot IJuäJy& mPu,
ÍCuJK~TJ TJu IJj~Jo mJuÉo IJhJu" (IJu-Tá'rIJj) IgtJ“ Ff KjTPar
KY∂J nJmjJ pJr ßjA, KnfPrr Umr ßjA, mJAPrr Tf KTZM KjP~ TfA jJ nJmjJ
nJPm, FrJ kÊr ßYP~S KjTíÓÇ
FT uJAPjr ùJj UJKaP~ Ijq uJAPjr xoxqJr xoJiJj TrJ pJ~ jJÇ FT pPπ
xTu I˘ ‰fKr yS~J x÷m j~Ç TíKwKmhqJr FT\j cÖr FTaJ mqJKir ßpoj
ßk´xKâkvJj TrPf kJPr jJ, KbT FT\j cJÜJr ßTKoKÓsr xNç KgSKr jJS mM^Pf
kJPrÇ KmKnjú ßãP© xoqT ùJj I\tj TrPf yPu G ßãP© pJrJ IKnù fJPhr
TJPZ KVP~A KvUPf y~Ç Â“KkP¥ ßToj TPr k´mJy IJPx FmÄ ßTj ¸Kªf y~
FmÄ ßT FA ¸ªj WaJ~ fJr x’Pº ÊiM ßhyf•ô (Physiology) FmÄ vm mqmPòh
KmhqJ~ (Anatomy) kJrhvLt yP~ ßmJ^J pJPm jJÇ FUJPj IJrS xNç ùJPjr hrTJr
yPm FmÄ F uJAPj pJrJ KmPvwù (Specialist) fJPhrPT K\ùJxJ TPr \JjJ pJPm
“Kk¥ ßTj F rTo TPrÇ ˙Mu ùJj KhP~ IPjT xNç K\Kjw ßmJ^J pJ~ jJÇ
fJAPfJ TKmr nJwJ~ muPf y~∏
yJfáKz KhP~ ßxuJP~r TJ\ x÷m jJ nPm,
pJr TJPZ ßp Umr IJPZ ßxgJ~ ßpPf yPmÇ
\Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô 23
oJjMwPT ßp oJjMw TPr YJuJ~ xmtãe,
fJr KjTPa \LmPj KT mPxPZJ KTZMãe?
fáKo pJPr T·jJ TS V· jJPfJ fJ,
\·jJ xm ßZPz KhP~ ßjJ~JPf kJr oJgJ?
KmvõJPxPr IKmvõJPx rJUPu IJzJu TPr,
xKfq pKh xfq yP~ xsÓJ ßfJoJ~ iPrÇ
“Kk¥ ßTj ¸Kªf y~, ßTJgJ ßgPT vKÜ kJ~ FmÄ ßT xJrJ ßhPy rÜ YuJYu
k´mJyoJj rJPU? nqJVJx jJPntr vKÜr C“x ßTJgJ~ S \LmPTJw ßTj KmnÜ y~?
k´go ßTJPw \Lmj iJrJ KTnJPm ÊÀ y~, F x’Pº FTKa WajJ jJ mPu kJrJ pJ~
jJÇ yprf oMxJ (IJ”) ßT TJKuoMuäJy& muJ yf, IgtJ“ KfKj IJuäJy&r xPñ IPjT
xo~ pMKÜ TrPfjÇ FTKhj TgJ k´xPñ KfKj IJuäJy&PT k´vú TrPuj, IJkKj
xmthJA KT oJjMPwr xPñ gJPTj? IJuäJy& C•r KhPuj, yÅqJ xmthJA IJoJr k´nJm
oJjMPwr SkPr kPz IJPZÇ oMxJ (IJ”) IJr\ TrPuj, ßy, oJmMh, IJKo pUj IJoJr
KmKmr xKjúTamfLt yA fUjS KT IJkKj IJoJr KmKmr xPñ gJPTj? IJuäJy& muPuj,
yÅqJ fUjS gJKTÇ yprf oMxJ (IJ”) uKöf yP~ muPuj, fJyPu FaJPfJ mz
vrPor TgJ yu, IJKo KmKmr xJPg pUj KoKu IJkKj ßoPyrmJjL TPr fUj fJr
xJPg gJTPmj jJÇ IJuäJy& ˝LTJr TPr muPuj, fJA-A yPmÇ KTZMKhj IKfâJ∂ yP~
ßVuÇ FTKhj yprf oMxJ (IJ”) fÅJr KmKmr xPñ mPx IJuJk TrPf TrPf FT
xo~ KouPjr IKnk´JP~ fJr yJfUJKj iPr ßluu, IoKj FT IJ\m WajJ WPa
ßVuÇ oMxJ (IJ”) KmoN| yP~ fJKTP~ gJTPujÇ KfKj fÅJr ˘Lr yJf irJr xPñ xPñ
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KfKj ˘Lr yJf ßZPz KhPujÇ IJr IoKj ßYJPUr kuPT fÅJr ˘L IJPVr of ˝JnJKmT
yP~ ßVuÇ IJmJr oMxJ (IJ”) fJr yJf irPuj, IJmJrS fÅJr ˘L IJPVr of TKbj
kJgr yP~ ßVuÇ FnJPm TP~TmJr FA TJP¥r kPr oMxJ (IJ”) yfmJT yP~
IJuäJy&r TJPZ KVP~ lKr~Jh TPr muPuj, oJmMh ßTj Foj y~? fUj IJuäJy& C•r
KhPuj, oMxJ ßfJoJr KT ˛re ßjA? fáKoA jJ IJoJPT IjMPrJi \JKjP~KZPu, pUj
KmKmr xPñ KouPm fUj IJKo ßpj fJr xPñ jJ gJKTÇ IJKo IJoJr S~JhJ of TJ\
TPrKZ, KjÁ~A IJKo S~JhJ nñ TKrKjÇ pUj fáKo KouPjr CP¨Pvq ßfJoJr ˘Lr
yJf kJTzJS TPrZ, KbT ßxA oMyëPft IJKo ßfJoJr KmKmPT ßZPz KVP~KZÇ IJr
IoKj ßx kJgPrr of KjÁu yP~ KVP~PZÇ oMxJ oPj ßrU, ßp oMyëPft IJKo oJjMwPT
ßZPz pJA xPñ xPñ ßYJPUr kuPT fJr \LmjuLuJ xJÄV yP~ pJ~Ç IJoJr Iuãq
k´nJPmr TJrPeA oJjMw \Lm∂ gJPT, TgJ T~, nJwJ kJ~, xûrevLu y~Ç fJA
IJuäJy& mJªJPT \JKjP~ KhP~PZj ÍfáKo KT FTJA Yu, jJ ßTC ßfJoJPT YJuJ~?"
24 \Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô
fJA ùJjL ßuJPTrJ ßnPm mPuPZj, \LmPj Tf mAP~r Tf KgSKrr TgJ KmvõJx
TPrZ, IgY fáKo KTnJPm Yu, fJr TJre KTZMPfA KmvõJx TrPf kJrPu jJ? fJA∏
nJmjJ KTZM rP~ ßVu IJPrJ,
pKh nJmJr of nJmPf kJrÇ
IJkjJPr fáKo IJkj IJzJPu ßrPU,
KjP\ TJjJ yP~ IjqPr ßVPu ßhPUÇ
FTKa k´vú
xOKÓr ßvsÔ \Lm oJjMwÇ oJjMPwr ßYP~ ryxqJmOf k´JeL IJr ßjAÇ IKiTJÄv oJjMwA
KjP\r x’Pº UMm ToA ßnPm gJPT FmÄ IPjPTA F nJmjJr xN©S KbTof irPf
kJPr jJÇ k´gPoA nJmPf y~ oJjMw KT KjP\PT KjP\ xOKÓ TPrPZ IgmJ ßTC fJPT
xOKÓ TPrPZ? IPjPT mPu gJPT, oJjMw FTJ FTJA xOKÓ yP~PZÇ pKh fJA yP~ gJPT,
fPm fJr xOKÓ x’Pº KTZM KY∂J jJ TrPuS YPuÇ KT∂á oJjMw xOKÓr IJKh fgq KT?
oJP~r ßkPar VnLr IºTJPr FTJ∂ IxyJ~nJPm kPz gJTJ FT ßlJaJ kJKj KmªM
(ßp x’Pº kPr IJPuJYjJ TrJ yPm) yP~ oJjMw pUj Im˙Jj TrKZu ßxA kJKj
KmªMPf jJT KZu jJ, oMU KZu jJ, oJgJ, yJf, kJ IgtJ“ KTZMA KZu jJÇ F oJjMw pKh
FTJ FTJ KjP\r ãofJ~ mz yP~ VPz CbPf kJrPfJ, fPm ßxA kJKj ßlJaJr-
KjÁ~A jJT, oMU, ßYJU, TJj, “Kk¥, käLyJ, KTcjL AfqJKh ‰frL TrJr ãofJ
KZuÇ fJA pKh x÷m yf, fPm FUj ßfJ FTaJ kÅKYv mZPrr pMmT IJkKj yP~PZj,
FUj IJkKj IJkjJr of FT\j oJjMw xOKÓ TPr ßhUJjÇ I∂f ÊiM oJjMPwr oJgJr
FTaáUJKj ßmsAj mJ oK˜ÏaáTáA xOKÓ TPr ßhUJjÇ FTJ jJ kJrPu KmPvõr xo˜
KmùJjL ßcPT ß\Ja ßmÅPi FTaJ oK˜Ï xOKÓ TPr ßhUJjÇ KjP\PT KjP\ xOKÓ TPr
pKh gJPTj, F KmPvõr TJPrJr TJPZ IJkjJr Ee ˝LTJPrr k´P~J\j ßjAÇ oJjMw
oyJPYÓJ TPrS FTKa oJjMPwr of \Lm∂ k´JeL IJ\S xOKÓ TrPf kJPrKjÇ fJ'yPu
ßTC F oJjMw ßjRTJUJjJ oJP~r ßkPar IºTJr TmPr VPzKZuÇ ßT ßxA IhOvq
vKÜ pJPT mJh KhP~ KjP\r IK˜fô T·jJ TrJaJ xoLYLj j~?
\Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô 25
oJjm xOKÓ ryxq
KT TPr oJjMw yu? ßToj TPr oJjMw hMKj~Jr IJPuJ~ k´TJv yu? KmùJjLPhr oPf, \
LmPTJw (Cell) KhP~A oJjMPwr ßVJaJ ßhy xOKÓ yP~PZÇ FTaJ kNet m~Û oJjMPwr ßhPy KfKrv
ßTJKa ßTJKa \LmPTJw rP~PZÇ k´KfKa ßTJPw IJmJr rP~PZ TP~TKa IÄvÇ FèPuJr
pgJâPo jJo yPò-ßk´JPaJkäJ\o (Protoplasm), xJAPasJkäJ\o (Cytoplasm), KjCKTî~Jx
(Nucleus), ßâJPoJ\o (Chromosome), K\j (Gene) FmÄ K\Pjr KnfPr rP~PZ ß\KjKaT
ja mJ ßVPrJ pJr KnfPr rP~PZ KjCKTîT FKxc (Nucleic acid), FA FKxcA yPò
IJoJPhr \LmjL vKÜÇ \LmPTJw mJ ßxu KjP~ FTaá IJPuJYjJ jJ TrPu \Lmj ryxq
ßmJ^J pJPm jJÇ
IJ\ ßgPT ßxJ~J YJr'v mZr IJPV ßväPcj S ßvJ~Jj mPu hM'\j \JotJj KmùJjL
IJKmÏJr TPr muPuj, k´KfKa \qJ∂ K\Kjx ßTJw jJPo FT k´TJPrr FTT (Unit) KjP~
xOKÓÇ FT\j kNet m~Û ßuJPTr ßhy K©v ßTJKa ßTJKa \LmPTJw KhP~ ‰frL yP~PZÇ FA
ßTJwA oJjm ßhPyr IJxu CkJhJj, Fr KnfPrA rP~PZ \Lm∂ k´JeLr k´JevKÜÇ
IeMmLãe pπ KhP~ krLãJ TPr ßhUPu ßhUJ pJ~, FTKa ßTJPw KmKnjú rTPor CkJhJj
rP~PZÇ xy\ TgJ~, ßk´JPaJkäJ\o jJPo FTKa khJgt KhP~ ßTJwKa ‰frLÇ Fr KnfPr xJhJ
xJhJ FT k´TJr khJgt TJu TJu yP~ Im˙Jj TrPZÇ FaJPT xJAPaJkäJ\o muJ y~Ç
xJAPaJkäJ\o yPò ßTJw, ßhy ‰frLr oNu CkJhJj, FaJ jro ß\Kur of FT k´TJPrr K\
KjxÇ xJAPaJkäJ\Por ßnfPrA rP~PZ IPkãJTíf Wj, TJu, ß\Kur of \LmPjr
ryxqo~ khJgt KjCKTî~JxÇ FA KjCKTî~JxèPuJr ßnfPr rP~PZ \LmPjr xmPYP~
ryxqo~ TeJÇ FèPuJ xMfJr of ãáhs ãáhs K\KjPwr \a kJTJPjJ Im˙J~ rP~PZÇ
FèPuJr jJo yPò ßâJPoJ\o (Chromosome)Ç FPhr xÄUqJ oJjMPwr ßmuJ~ Z~YKuävKa,
IjqJjq k´JeLr ßmuJ~ ßmKv To y~, ßpoj∏ ßWJzJr ßTJPw 60Ka, TáTPá rr ßTJPw 42KaÇ
krmfLtTJPu KmùJjLrJ VPmweJ TPr, ßâJPoJ\Por ßnfPr K\j (Gene) mPu IJrS xNç
TJbJPoJr of pJr YJrKhPT YJraJ ja mJ ßVPrJ rP~PZÇ FA jaèPuJr oiq KhP~ KjCKTîT
FKxc mPu FTaJ IKf ryxqo~ khJgt YuoJj IJPZ, ßpaJ yPò IJxu \LmjLvKÜ, ßp
vKÜ k´KfKa k´JeLPT \Lm∂ rJPUÇ oJfíVPnt KvÊ ßToj IJTíKf kJPm, ßToj mqKÜfô yPm,
Foj KT YMu mJ ßYJPUr rÄ kpt∂S FA K\jA Kj~πe TPrÇ TJu oJjMPwr WPr ßTJj ßTJj
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26 \Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô
kr¸rJ~ jJoPf jJoPf TJPuJ oJjMwKar Knfr KhP~ k´TJv ßkP~ lxtJ x∂JPjr xOKÓ
yP~PZÇ
nJmmJr TgJ
KmùJjLrJ VPmweJVJPr ßk´JPaJkäJ\o, xJAPaJkäJ\o, KjCKTî~Jx, ßâJPoJ\o, K\j
FojKT \LmPjr xmPYP~ èÀfôkNet vKÜ KjCKTîT FKxcS xOKÓ TrPf ßkPrPZjÇ
FTaJ oJjMw oPr ßVPu fJr xŒNet ßhyKa IKmTu IKmTíf Im˙J~ kPz gJPT, ÊiM
ßx \Pjìr of ˜… yP~ pJ~Ç fJr mJTvKÜ, vsme vKÜ, WsJevKÜ, mMK≠, KY∂J,
“Kk¥ xmA bJ¥J yP~ pJ~, KT∂á ßhPyr jJT, oMU, ßYJU, TJj, “Kk¥, láxláx
AfqJKh xmA ßfJ KbT gJPT, fJyPu oPr KT?
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yP~ ßkPrvJj yP~ K˙r o∂mq TPr mPuPZj, oJjMPwr oPr KT, fJ ßfJ KbT ßmJ^J
pJ~ jJÇ ßTC mPuPZj, xTu IñèPuJ FT xo~ KjP˜\ yP~ pJ~∏FaJA oreÇ
ßTC mPuPZj, \LmPTJw èPuJA orevLuÇ FrJ FT xo~ ˙Kmr yP~ pJ~- FaJr
jJoA oOfáqÇ FrTo IJrS mqJUqJ KmPväwe ore x’Pº TrJ yP~PZÇ KT∂á IJxPuA
KT Fxm TgJ pgJgtA orPer kKrkNet mqJUqJ? ore KT xKfqA IJoJPhr iJreJr
(Idea) orPer of? FTaJ oJjMw orPer kPr fJr IPjT Iñ k´fqñA ßfJ KbT
gJPTÇ ßpoj∏ Yãá KbT gJPT, IPjPT orPeJ•r Yãá yJxkJfJPu hJj TPr pJ~Ç
KmùJjLPhr oJgJ~ xm irPer mMK≠ pKh gJTfA fPm oJjm \LmPjr \LmjLvKÜ,
pJr TJrPe oJjMw \qJ∂ gJPT, pJr jJo yPò KjCKTîT FKxc, pJr x’Pº IJPVA muJ
yP~PZ, fPm oJjMw oPr ßVPu ßxA FKxc hM-FT oJ©J oOfPhPyr KnfPr AjP\Ö
TPr KhPu oJjMw ßTj ßmÅPY CPb jJ? ßTj UJzJ yP~ TgJ muJ ÊÀ TPr jJ? ßYJU
ßoPu Kk´~\Pjr oMPUr KhPT KlPr YJ~jJ? fJAPfJ TKm ßVP~PZj∏
pJPr fáKo cJT IÅJKU jLPr
ßx ßp IJr IJKxPmjJ KlPr
ßx ßp YPu ßVPZ hNr iJPoÇ
FUJPj FPx KmùJjLrJ oJgJ jf TPr ˝LTJr TPr mPuPZj, KjÁ~A IJPZj FT\j
\Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô 27
pJr ÉTáPoA oOfáq WPaÇ fJA TKm mPuj,
KjÁ~ IJPZj FT\j
ßp IPgt IJorJ mMK^,
ßp IPgt IJorJ UÅMK\
y~f KfKj jj ßfoj
KjÁ~A IJPZj FT\jÇ
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ßkPrPZÇ IJxPu ßp oPr ßx yPò Foj FTaJ K\Kjx pJ KmùJPjr, hvtPjr FmÄ
KmùJjLr, hJvtKjPTr irJ ßZÅJ~Jr mJAPrÇ
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TJrPe oJjMPwr ßhy oPrÇ ßTC KmvõJx jJ TrPuS KpKj oJjMPwr oOfáq WaJj KfKj
mPuj Ímu (ßy oMyJÿh xJ”) oJjMPwr \Lmj IJoJr FTaJ IJPhv (Order) oJ©, pJr
KjrxjA oJjmPhPyr oOfáqr IJxu TJre FmÄ F x’Pº oJjMwPT ßTJj ùJjA ßh~J
y~KjÇ" (IJu-Tár'IJj) xsÓJr ßxA IJPhvKa yPò IJxu oJjMwÇ ßhy yPò jTu
oJjMwÇ FA IJPhvKa ßpj xPktr of, oJjm ßhyKa ßxA xPktr ßUJuPxr ofÇ IJxu
xJk ßUJux FKzP~ yJuTJ yP~ YPu pJ~, ßUJuxKa kPgr iJPr kPz gJPT KjÁu
yP~Ç IJxu oJjMwKar ßUJux oJjMPwr ofA ßhy IJPZ, IJPZ jJT, TJj, oMU, yJf,
kJ, oJgJ, K\øJ, “Kk¥, láxláx, pTíf-AfqJKh KT∂á IhOvq mJ VJP~mÇ ßx fJr
Iuãq ßhy KjP~ FA \z ßhPy IJvs~ TPr fJPTÇ ßx pUj KmhJ~ KjP~ pJ~, ßUJux
ßhPyr xmt Iñ KbT gJTJ xP•ôS ßhy IJr jzJYzJ TPr jJ, KYr \jPor of fJr
¸ªj ˜… yP~ pJ~Ç IJxu oJjMw ßhyJnq∂r ßgPT fJr IJxu K\øJ aJj KhP~
KjP~ YPu pJ~, jTu oJjMPwr FA oJKar K\øJ IJr TgJ mPu jJÇ IJxu oJjMw
ßnfr ßgPT IJxu ßYJU ßaPj KjP~ ßmKrP~ pJ~, FA oJKar ßYJPU IJr ßrJvjJA
gJPT jJÇ FoKjnJPm IJxu oJjMw fJr “Kk¥ xKrP~ KjP~ pJ~, jTu oJjMPwr
“KkP¥r ¸ªj KYr \jPor of mº yP~ pJ~Ç
28 \Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô
\Lmj xOKÓr IJxu ryxq
ßTJwA (Cell) k´KfKa k´JeLr ‰\mPhy \Lm∂ gJTJr ßoRKuT TJreÇ ßToj TPr \
LmPTJw xOKÓ y~, IKf IJÁptnJPm \LmPTJPwr xOKÓ y~Ç jJrL FmÄ kMÀw hMA ßvseLr
oJjMwÇ FTKa jJrLKvÊ YJKr uã Kc’PTJw KjP~ \jìV´ye TPrÇ FT\j kNetm~Û
jJrLr IPñ gJPT Kc’PTJw jJPo \LmPTJwÇ lqJPuJKk~j KaCm jJPo YJr AKû u’J
FTaJ KaCm jJrLr VPntr Cn~ kJPvõt Im˙Jj TPrÇ ßxA KaCPmr oJgJ~ FTKa
gPur of gJPT fJPT mPu Kc’JiJr (Ovary) IgtJ“ Kc’PTJw mJx TrJr WrÇ kKref
m~x yPu FA Kc’JiJPrr KnfPr Kc’PTJw kNetfJ k´J¬ y~, IgtJ“ x∂Jj iJrPer
ãofJ (Mature) k´J¬ y~Ç FA KcP’PTJPw ßoJa 46Ka ßâJPoJ\o gJPT pJr TgJ
IJPVA muJ yP~PZÇ lqJPuJKk~j KaCmKar oJgJ jJrLr x∂JPjr WPrr (Uterus)-Fr
xPñ xÄPpJK\f yP~PZ, IgtJ“ ßpUJPj x∂JPjr \jì y~ ßxA ˙JPj FPx KoPvPZÇ
k´Kf oJPx jJrLr vrLr jJkJT (Menstruation) yS~Jr kPr Kc’PTJw Kc’JiJr ßZPz
kKrkÑ Im˙J~ lqJPuJKk~j KaCPmr Knfr KhP~ âoJVfnJPm ßmKrP~ IJxPf
gJPT VntJvP~r KhPTÇ F xoP~ VntJv~ x∂Jj iJrPer \jq ‰frL y~Ç ßmvL TPr
rÜ \oJ~ FmÄ fJr ßkvLèPuJ ß\JrJPuJ y~Ç Kc’JiJr ßgPT ßmKrP~ IJxJr xo~
Kc’PTJPwr Knfr ßgPT 23Ka Ik´P~J\jL~ ßâJPoJ\o ^Pr pJ~, mJTL gJPT IJr
23Ka FA 23Ka ßâJPoJ\o KjP~ VntJvP~r KhPT pUj Kc’PTJwKa IJxPf gJPT,
fUj jJrL-kMÀPwr Kouj yP~ kMÀPwr ßnfr ßgPTS ÊâPTJw ßmKrP~ pJ~Ç
ÊâPTJw TfèPuJ TLPar xoKÓ pJPT ¸Jot mJ ÊâTLa mPuÇ ÊâTLPaS (Sperm)
rP~PZ 23Ka ßâJPoJ\o, ÊâTLaèPuJ ßhUPf IKf ãáPh xJPkr of oJgJ ßoJaJ,
ßu\ fJr hvèeÇ F ßu\ KhP~ ßx IjJ~JPx xÅJfJr ßTPa xJoPj ßmPz YuPf
kJPrÇ FT\j kMÀPwr FT ßlJaJ mLPptr KnfPr k´J~ xJPz IJa ßTJKa TLa rP~PZÇ
KmùJjLrJ mPuj, F k´PfqTKar KnfPr rP~PZ 23Ka TPr ßâJPoJ\o FmÄ Fr
k´PfqTKaA FT FTKa oJjMw yS~Jr ßpJVqfJ rJPUÇ KmùJjLrJ IJrS mPuj, F
hMKj~JPT TP~TmJr \jJTLet TrJr \jq FT\j kMÀwA pPgÓÇ
jJrL-kMÀw KouPjr kPr ßTJKa ßTJKa ÊâPTJw jJrLr VPntr KhPT ßhRz ßh~Ç
Ff ß\JPz fJrJ ßhRzJ~ FmÄ fJPhr oPiq Ff ßbuJPbKu y~ FmÄ ßhRPzr Ff
k´KfPpJKVfJ y~ ßp, IKuKŒT ßhRz k´KfPpJKVfJS F„k y~ jJÇ ÊâTLaèPuJ Ff
\Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô 29
ßhRPzr k´KfPpJKVfJ TPr TJr IJPV ßT jJrLr G Kc’JvP~ dáPT ßpPf kJPrÇ ßp
IJPV dáTPm ßxA xOKÓr ßvsÔ \Lm yP~ CbPmÇ FKhPT jJrLr Kc’Jv~ mJ ßTJwKa
hr\J UMPu IPkãJ~ IJPZ ßTJjxo~ fJr hr\Jr KnfPr FTaJ ÊâTLa oJgJ
dáTJPm, IoKj fJr hr\J mº yP~ pJPmÇ jJrLr Kc’PTJw S kMÀPwr ÊâPTJw ßpA
oJ© Kouj yPm IoKj oJjMw xOKÓ ÊÀ yPmÇ ÊâTLaèPuJ IKf hs∆f ßhRzJ~Ç k´Kf
IJa W≤J~ fJrJ FT AKû \J~VJ xJfrJP~ kJr y~Ç ßhRz kJuäJr xo~ fJrJ Ff
TJZJTJKZ FmÄ Ff uJVJuJKV yP~ gJPT ßp IJeKmT hNrPfôr (Moleculer Distance)
ßYP~S ToÇ KmùJjLrJ mPuj, hM'ßaJ ÊâTLa pKh FTmJPr FTA xo~ FTaJ
Kc’PTJPwr KnfPr dáPT fPm x∂Jj irPm jJ, FTKa Kc’PTJPw FTKa ÊâTLaA
dáTPf yPmÇ
nJmmJr TgJ
˝JoL ˘L KouPjr kr ÊâTLaèPuJ Kc’JvP~r KhPT ZMa jJ KhP~ CPfiJ KhPT
ßhRKzP~ mJAPr ßmKrP~ ßpPf kJrfÇ IJPrJ nJmJr TgJ yPò, VntJv~Ka KjÕVJoLÇ
ÊâTLaèPuJ C≠tVJoL y~ ßTj? ßTJKa ßTJKa oJjMw pUj Ff uJVJuJKV Ff
KjTafo FmÄ fJrJ pUj Kc’PTJPwr KbT hr\Jr xJoPj pJ~, fUj fJPhr KnfPr
ßgPT IJrS ßTJKa ßTJKa oJjMw ßkJTJS IKf KjTamfLt Im˙J ßgPT FTaJ ßkJTJ
pUjA FTaá oJgJ mJKzP~ Kc’JvP~ IKf xJoJjq FTaá IÄv dáTJPf YJ~ fUjA fJPT
ßnfPr ßbPu KhP~ xPñ xPñ ßYJPUr kuPT F Kc’JvP~r hr\JKa ßT mº TPr ßh~
FmÄ mJh mJTL ßTJKa ßTJKa oJjMw TLa IºTJr kPg ^Pr pJ~, jJuJ jhtoJ~ KjKÁ¤
yP~ pJ~Ç KpKj F oJjMw xOKÓ TPrPZj KfKj mPuj, muf VnLr rJPf KouPjr kr
pUj ßfJoJr oJfJ WMKoP~KZu fáKo IJ\PTr FA kKrkJKa xJPymKa ßfJ ßfJoJr
oJP~r Kc’JvP~r KhPT ßTJKa ßTJKa nJAPmJPjr xPñ Ifq∂ \KaufrnJPm dáTPf
KVP~KZPu, ßfJoJr FTaáUJKj ßhyPT ßfJoJr oJP~r Kc’PTJPw dáKTP~ xPñ xPñ F
Kc’JvP~r oMUKa ßT mº TPr KhP~KZu? IJKo, jJ fáKo KjP\? ßfJoJr xPñ pKh
IJrS FTaJ ßkJTJ dáTPf xMPpJV ßkf fPm IJ\ fáKo k´xsJm-kJ~UJjJr jhtoJ~
IJm\tjJ yP~ KjKÁ¤ yP~ ßpPfÇ oJjMw jJPo ßTC ßfJoJPT KYjf jJÇ FTgJ ßnPm
KT ßhPU ßTJjKhj KjKmÓ oPj? IPjT KmùJjLrJ, pMKÜmJhLrJ mPu G xm FTJA
yP~PZÇ IJxPu ßfJoJr \jìTJPu, IKf IºTJPr oJfíVPntr xNYjJ~ KTnJPm ßfJo-
Jr \jì ÊÀ yP~KZu, fJ KT ßfJoJr oPj IJPZ FmÄ fáKo KT ßgPT FPxZ ßTC KT
fJ xKbT TPr muPf kJr? ßpUJPj ßfJoJr ßTJj vKÜ UJPaKj, mMK≠ UJPaKj FTJ∂
IxyJ~ FTaJ ßkJTJ \Pjìr ßTJj TgJA oPj ßjA ßxUJPj Ff ß\Jr KhP~ ßToj
TPr muZ, oJjMw FTJ FTJA yP~PZ? fJA IJuäJy& mPuj, KmPmTL oJjMw ßpj ßnPm
ßhPU KT ßgPT fJPT xOKÓ TrJ yP~PZÇ ÍKoj IJAC vJAP~j UMPuTJ" (IJu-
30 \Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô
Tár'IJj)Ç KfKj IJrS mPuj, ÍfáKo KT FTJA xOÓ yP~PZJ, jJ ßfJoJPT ßTC xOKÓ
TPrPZ?" (IJu-Tár'IJj) IJr FTKa k´Pvúr \mJm KmùJjLrJ KhPf kJPrKjÇ ÊâTLa
iLPr iLPr ˘Lr Kc’PTJPwr KhPT FKVP~ pJ~Ç Kc’PTJwKa âPo âPo VntJvP~ FPx
kPzÇ kMÀPwr ÊâPTJPw ßgPT 23Ka ßâJPoJ\o, jJrLr KcP’PTJPw gJPT 23Ka
ßâJPoJ\oÇ Cn~PTJw pUj FTP© KoKuf y~, fUjA 46Ka ßâJPoJ\o KoPu IKf
IØMfnJPm FmÄ FT I\JjJ IKnjm „Pk \LmPjr ÊÀ y~Ç KmùJjLrJ oJgJ ßnPñ
IJ\S F IKnjm \LmjiJrJr TJre UÅMP\ ßmr TrPf kJPrjKjÇ fJA fJrJ oJgJ
jMAP~ mPuPZj,
\LmPjr FA IKnjm iJrJ
ßTJgJ yPf ßjPo IJPx,
ßT ßpj ßygJ~ ßUuJ ßUPu pJ~
mMK^jJ gJKT~J kJPvÇ
KmùJjLrJ IJrS yfmJT yP~ xsÓJr TJPZ jKf ˝LTJr TPrPZjÇ Kc’PTJPwr 23Ka
ßâJPoJ\o FmÄ ÊâPTJPwr 23Ka ßâJPoJ\o FT© KoKuf yPu 46Ka ßâJPoJ\
PorA FT kNetJñ ßTJw mJ ßxu xOKÓ yu FmÄ FKaA yu k´go \LmPTJw pJ ßgPT
FUj iLPr iLPr oJjm KvÊ ßmPz CbPf gJTPmÇ KT∂á F ßTJwKa ßTJgJ~ oJjMw xOKÓr
lqJÖrL kJPmÇ jJrLr VPntr KnfPrr ßp ßTJj FT ˙JPj F KoKuf ßTJwKa xa& TPr
FT \J~VJ~ IJaPT pJ~Ç vf ^JKTPfS jPz jJ UPx kPz jJÇ IfqJÁPptr Kmw~
FA ßp, F ßTJwKar VJP~ KvKrw IJbJr of ßTJj IJbJ ßjAÇ mzvLr of ßTJj
mJTJPjJ lJu ßjA, ßjA ßTJj ÉTÇ KmùJjLrJ y~rJj yP~PZj ßp, KT TPr F
ßTJwKa oJfíVPnt FTJ FTJ IJaPT gJPTÇ oyJxsÓJ C•r ßhj, ÈF IJoJr IJPhv,
IJoJr Iuãq KjPhtv, IJKo jJkJT kJKj ßgPT FTKa oJÄx Kk§ xOKÓ TKr, kPr
oJjMPwr IJTJr ßjAÇ' (IJu-Tár'IJj)
\Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô 31
ßToj TPr oJjMw y~-ImJT TgJ
kMÀPwr 23Ka ßâJPoJ\o jJrLr 23Ka ßâJPoJ\o FTP© KoKuf yP~ k´gPo FTKa
ßTJw VKbf y~Ç kPr iLPr iLPr FA ßTJwKa KmnÜ yPf gJPTÇ ßpoj∏ k´gPo
FTKa ßTJw KZu, ßxKa hM'ßaJ KjCKTî~JPx KmnÜ yP~ cJP’Pur IJTJr KjuÇ kPr
hM'ßaJ kNet ßTJPw KmnÜ yP~ ßVu, FnJPm KmnÜ yP~ YJrKa yuÇ fJrkr IJaKa,
Frkr ßwJuKa-FnJPm KmnÜ yPf yPf K©v ßTJKa ßTJKa \LmPTJw xOKÓ yP~ ßVuÇ
KmùJjLPhr oJgJ ßya yP~ ßVPZ FmÄ FUJPj hM'ßaJ k´Pvúr \mJm IJ\S IjMxºJj
TPr ßmr TrPf kJPrKjÇ
k´gof ” k´gPo FTKa \LmPTJw ßgPT oJ© 50 mJ 52 mJr nJV yPuA K©v ßTJKa
ßTJKa \LmPTJw ßToj TPr xOKÓ y~? FaJ ßTJjnJPm IÄT TPw xoJiJj TrJ pJ~
jJ, IgtJ“ k´go ßTJwKa ßgPT K©v ßTJKa ßTJKa ßTJw yPf k´go ßTJwKaPT oJ© 50
mJr KmnÜ yPf y~Ç
KÆfL~f ” ßTJw mJ ßxuèPuJ ßTj Ff xyxs iJrJ~ KmnÜ y~? Fr ßTJj mqJUqJ
KmùJjLrJ KhPf kJPrj KjÇ fJrJ ÊiM mPuj, ßTJw KmnÜ y~ ßTj, fJ KfKjA \JPjj
KpKj ßTJw xOKÓ TPrPZjÇ oyJxsÓJ, oyJk´PTRvuL \JKjP~PZj ÍPTJw KmnÜ TKr
IJKoÇ IJKoA fJPT KjitJKrf „khJj TPr oJjMw xOKÓ TPr fáKuÇ" oyJxsÓJr FTgJ
KpKj IjMiJmj jJ TrPf ßkPr ÊiM KmùJPjr mqJUqJPT YNzJ∂ oPj TPrj, KfKj
KmùJjLPhr IPpJVqfJaJPTS ßVJ~JftMoL TPr ßpJVqfJ mPu ßoPj KjP~ IJxu ßpJVq
vKÜPTA I˝LTJr TPrjÇ FPf fJr KjP\PTA ßp I˝LTJr TPr, KYr\Lmj KjP\
PT náPur KvTJr TPr rJUJr ßYÓJ yu, FaJ ßx KTZMPfA IjMiJmj TrPf jJ ßkPr
IKmvõJxL yP~ gJTu, fJPf fJr FTaá uöJS yu jJÇ KvãJr IkY~ y~ TUj?
pUj KvãJ FTèP~KoPf ßnJPV, ßjyJP~f xfq TgJPT ßx pMKÜ UJKaP~ KogqJ
KhP~ IJmOf TPr rJUPf YJ~Ç ßx iLPr iLPr fJr ùJPjrS IuPãq TUj ßp oMUt
yP~ pJ~, fJ ßx ßarS kJ~ jJÇ fJA oyJxsÓJ mPuj, Íßy oJjMw! fáKo KT ßmTám
yP~ ßVPu, ßfJoJr KT FTaáUJKj ùJjS ßjA? IJKo xOKÓ TPrKZ ßfJoJPT, fmM fáKo
KjoTyJrJPor of IJoJPT I˝LTJr TrPm?" (IJu-Tár'IJj)
ßTJgJ~ KZuJo, ßToj KZuJo, ßT IJKo,
IJmJr ßTJgJ~ yJKrP~ pJm FA IJKoÇ
32 \Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô
y~f KlPr IJxm jJ IJr FA irJ~,
ßp pJm ßx YPuA pJm, yJ~Pr yJ~Ç
IfLf jJA IJr IJ\PT oPj, xmA náu,
y~f TUj ^PzA pJm, FA oMTáuÇ
IJÁpt TJrUJjJ-oJjMPwr oK˜Ï
oJjMPwr oJgJr oVP\ Foj @Ápt WajJ WPa pJ KmPvõr ßTJj KmùJjL IJ\S
kMPrJkMKr IjMiJmj TrPf kJPrjKjÇ
oJgJPT Kfj nJPV nJV TrJ yP~PZÇ èÀ oK˜Ï (Cerebrum); uWM oK˜Ï
(Cerebellum) FmÄ ßocáuJ ImPuJÄVJaJ (Medula oblongata) IgtJ“ ßoÀhP¥r
IKnoMUL oJgJr ßp IÄvaJ ßjPo ßVPZÇ I· m~Px oJgJr oVP\r S\j hs∆f ßmPz
YPuÇ FT\j kNet m~Û kMMÀw oJjMPwr oJgJr oVP\r S\j 1380 V´JoÇ jJrLPhr
ßmuJ~ To, 1250 V´Jo IgtJ“ kMÀPwr oVP\r S\j 22.08 ZaJT, jJrLPhr KTZM
To (20 ZaJT)Ç IjqJjq k´JeLr fáujJ~ oJjMPwr oJgJr S\j fJr ßhPyr fáujJ~
IPjT ßmvLÇ KfKo oJPZr KmrJaJTJr ßhPyr fáujJ~ oJgJr oVP\r S\j oJjMPwr
ßYP~ oJ© 5 èj ßmvLÇ yJfLr oV\S Ijq k´JeLr ßYP~ nJrL, oJjMPwr oVP\r ßYP~
fJ Kfjèe nJrLÇ IjqJjq k´JeLr fáujJ~ oJjMPwr èÀ oK˜PÏr S\j ßmvL mPu
oJjMw IjqJjq k´JeLr fáujJ~ IPjT ßmvL IxJiq TJ\ xJij TrPf kJPr, ßmvL
mMK≠-xMK≠ rJPUÇ
oJgJ ßToj TPr TJ\ TPr? oV\ ßgPT ßaKuPlJPjr fJPrr of TfTèPuJ fJr
ßmKrP~ xJrJPhPy ßZP~ IJPZÇ fJrèPuJ âPo âPo UMm xNç yP~ ßhPyr IJjJPY-
TJjJPY KoPvPZÇ oVP\ FTaJ xMAY ßmJPctr of K\Kjx IJPZ, ßpUJj ßgPT xJr-
JPhPy Umr ßj~J-ßh~J YuPZÇ kJP~ FTaJ TÅJaJ KmiPu IoKj ßx Umr G xMAY
ßmJPct KVP~ ßbPTÇ ßxA ßmJct IJmJr G Umr FéPY† TPr oVP\ kJbJ~Ç FAnJPm
oJgJ~ yr-yJPovJ FéPY† ßmJct ßgPT KmKnjú IPñ CkPpJVL mqm˙J V´ye TrJr \
jq ßp f∂áèPuJ mP~ ßj~ mJ ßp fJrèPuJ mP~ KjP~ gJPT, fJPT mPu VKfvLu ˚J~M
(Motor nerve) FmÄ kJP~ TJaJ ßlJaJr UmraJ ßp ˚J~MèPuJ oK˜PÏ KjP~ pJ~,
fJPhrPT mPu IjMnëKf ˚J~M (Sensory nerve)Ç FrJ ßmhjJ, vLf, Vro AfqJKhr Umr
oK˜PÏ kJbJ~Ç FA IjMnëKf ˚J~MèPuJ oK˜PÏ pJmJr IJPV FTaJ mqJkJr WPaÇ
xrTJPrr ßpoj ˙JjL~ xrTJr FmÄ ßTªsL~ xrTJr gJPT, oJgJr ßmuJ~S fJAÇ
\Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô 33
˙JjL~ xrTJr ßZJa UJPaJ hJñJ-yJñJoJ mÅJiPu kMKuv ßlJxt KhP~ ßTJj oPf ßxèPuJ
bJ§J TPr FmÄ kPr ßTªsL~ xrTJrPT \JjJ~Ç ßTªsL~ xrTJr fUj ßlJxt kJKbP~
mJ IjqnJPm ßx xoxqJr ßoJTJPmuJ TPrÇ IjM„knJPm, ßTJgJS ßTJj TÅJaJ láaPu
mJ IJWJf uJVPu VKfvLu ˚J~MèPuJ ßx UmraJ oK˜PÏ ßaKuPlJj TrJr IJPV, ßx
˙JjL~ FTaJ ßmJPctr xÿMULj y~ IgtJ“ TÅJaJ ßlJaJr xPñ xPñ ˙JjL~ ˚J~MèPuJ x\
JV yP~ Ya TPr kJaJPT aJj ßh~ mJ oMPU IJy&-CÉ v» ßmPrJ~Ç kPr oK˜PÏ F
Umr ßVPu oK˜Ï yJfPT ßlJj TPr \JjJ~ TÅJaJaJ fáPu ßluÇ FA ßp ˙JjL~
(Local) ßaKuPlJj FéPY† ßmJct, FPT k´Kfluj Kâ~J (Reflex action) mPuÇ
pUj ß\PV gJKT mJ xPYfj gJKT, fUj IKiTJÄv TJ\A IJoJPhr AòJiLj gJPTÇ
ßpoj∏ TÅJaJ, UJS~J, kzJ, ßhUJ, ßvJjJ AfqJKhÇ KT∂á Tf Tf TJ\ IJPZ pJ
IJoJPhr AòJiLj j~Ç ßpoj WMKoP~ gJTPu “Kk¥, kJT˙uL, láxláx AfqJKh
IJoJPhr ùJPjrS mJAPr IKjòJ xP•ôS YuPf gJPTÇ FèPuJPT IKjòJiLj TJ\
mJ ˝~ÄKâ~J (Involuntary or Automatic) TJ\ mPuÇ
oJgJr oVP\r FéPY† ßx≤JrKa (Exchange centre) FfA èÀfôkNet TJ\ TPr
ßp, IJ\S ßTJj KmùJjL Fr IJxu ryxq Ch&WJaj TrPf kJPrjKjÇ oVP\ Ijmrf
IjMnëKf (Sensory nerve) ˚J~M KhP~ ßp Umr pJ~, fJ I\xs rTPor y~Ç ßpoj∏TJj
FTaJ mTJ Êju IoKj ßxaJ oVP\ kJKbP~ Khu FéPY† TPr oV\ ßx mJftJ ßkP~
xPñ xPñ oMUPT IJPhv Khu, kJfiJ \mJm hJSÇ Yãá FTaJ KmwJÜ xJPkr Umr
FéPY† TPr oVP\ kJKbP~ Khu, oV\ ßgPT FéPY† ßmJPctr oJiqPo VKfvLu ˚J~M
(Motor nerve)-Fr Knfr KhP~ yJfPT IJPhv Khu, xJoPjA uJKb IJPZ, xP\JPr
oJgJ~ IJWJf TrÇ FoKjnJPm yJ\Jr yJ\Jr Umr ˚J~M KhP~ FéPY† ßmJPctr
oJiqPo oVP\ pJ~ FmÄ yJ\Jr yJ\Jr Umr VKfvLu ˚J~Mr oJiqPo ßhPyr KmKnjú
IÄPv ßlJj yPf gJPTÇ KmùJjLrJ mPuj, oJjMPwr oVP\r FTPY† ßmJctKa Ff
hM„y FmÄ Ff KmKnjú k´TJPrr pπkJKfr xoJPmv fJPf \z yP~PZ ßp, F
pπkJKfèPuJ pKh ßTJj ˙JPj mxJPjJ ßpf fPm fJr IJ~fj Ff \J~VJ \MPz Km˜Of
yf ßp, IJPoKrTJr FŒJ~Jr FPÓa KmKflÄ-Fr of Z'Ka KmKflÄ-Fr k´P~J\j yfÇ
muJ mJÉuq, fUjTJr KhPj xJrJ KmPvõr CÅYM KmKflÄ FaJA KZuÇ FA KmKflÄ FTPvJ
FT fuJ CÅYM, VVjYM’L FmÄ ßaKuPlJPjr fJPrr TqJmPur S\j yf TP~T vf ajÇ
FA pπkJKf pUj IKf hs∆f FéPY† yPf gJPT fUj FèPuJ Ff C•¬ y~ ßp,
IJPoKrTJr yJcxj jhLr of KmvJu jhLr xmaáTá kJKj KjÄzJP~ dJuPu y~PfJmJ
Fxm pπkJKf bJ¥J yPf kJPrÇ
nJmmJr TgJ
34 \Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô
Ffmz FTaJ FéPY† IKlx pJr KmvJufô y~ FTPvJ FT fuJ KmKflÄ-Fr Z'aJr
xoJj FmÄ pJr pπkJKfr S\j y~ TP~T vf aj, oJgJr FTaáUJKj oVP\r
FTPTJPe kPz gJPT, FaJ nJmPfS Ifq∂ ImJT uJPVÇ oVP\r IjqJjq TJ\PfJ
mJTLA rP~ ßVuÇ oV\ (Brain) Ifq∂ ryxq\jT nJPm \LmPjr hM„y TJ\èPuJ
xoJiJ TPrÇ FA oMyëPft IJkKj FA mA kzPZj, nJmPZj, o∂mq KjPòjÇ KmùJjLrJ
mPuj, oJjMPwr kzJÊjJ, YuJPlrJ, KY∂J-nJmjJ AfqJKh oV\ ßp KTnJPm Kj~Kπf
TPr, fJr ryxq oJjMPwr ßmJiVoq yS~J x÷m j~Ç fJrJ IJPrJ mPuPZj, IPjT mz
mz mA ßuUJ yPuS ßTCA IJxPu oVP\r TotiJrJr IJxu ryxq IJ\S IJKmÏJr
TrPf kJPrjKj FmÄ y~PfJ ßTJjKhjA kJrPmj jJÇ FTaJ aJTJ oJKaPf kPz ßVPu
IJkKj CkMz yP~ ßxKa fáuPuj, Fr oPiq oV\ ßp KT TJ\ Tru ßTC IJ\S fJ
xKbT TPr mqJUqJ TrPf kJPrKjÇ pJrJ mMK≠oJj ßuJT fJPhr \jq IPjT IPjT
nJmmJr Kmw~ rP~PZ FPfÇ IJkKj IKlPx mPx FTaJ ߈aPo≤ KuUPZjÇ
TgJr kr TgJ èKZP~ KuPU pJPòj, IJkjJr KnfPr mPx ßT FA TgJèPuJ
èKZP~ ßh~, ßnPm ßhPUPZj KT ßTJjKhj? IJkKj oJgJ UJKaP~ FTKa ßoP~PT
KmP~ TrJr K˙r TrPujÇ FA Kx≠J∂aJ IJkjJr Knfr ßgPT ßT TPr Khu? FTKa
IkKrKYfJ ßoP~PT ˘L TPr WPr FPj VuJ~ fJr ßxJjJr yJr kKrP~ KhPujÇ ßp FA
yJr ßhS~Jr Kx≠J∂ Khu fJPT IJkKj KT KhPuj? fJPT KT ßTJj KhjS ßUÅJ\
TPrPZj, ßp IJkjJr mMTnrJ, IJkjJr Kk´~\Pjr mMTnrJ nJumJxJ KhP~KZu? ßT
nJumJxPf ßvUJPuJ? nJumJxJ KT? ßTJgJ~ gJPT, ßT fJPT CöLKmf TPr
ßk´KoPTr Ivs∆ yP~ ^Pz kzPf xJyJpq TPr, TKmr TP£ TKmfJ yP~ käJKmf yP~
pJ~?
mMTnrJ FA nJumJxJ ßT KhP~ IJoJPr,
uMTJA~J rKyu ßx ßTJj mJ kJgJPrÇ
ßT ßr TgJ mPu pJ~ IuPãq gJKT~J,
ßT IJoJPr T£ Khu IJoJPf uMTJA~JÇ
oVP\r IJPrTKa IJÁpt ãofJ pJ KmùJjLrJ KY∂J TPr ImJT yP~PZjÇ oVP\r
IJÁpt FTKa ãofJ ˛OKfvKÜÇ FTaJ ZKm mJ IKnùfJ oVP\r ˛OKf ßrUJ~ KTnJPm
ßp IJaPT gJPT, fJr mqJUqJ ßTC TrPf kJPrKjÇ oVP\ ˛OKf ßrUJ mPu IKf xNç
K\Kjw IJPZ pJPf ˛OKf IJaPT gJPTÇ IJKv mZPrr mO≠ 11 mZr m~Px FTaJ mJW
ßhPUKZu \ñPur KnfPr IgmJ FTaJ ßoP~ IJkjJr ZJ© m~Px KT IJYJr-mqmyJr
TPrKZu, IJkjJr xJPg KT oiMr nJwJ~ xP’Jij TPrKZu, IJ\ YKuäv mZr kPr
IKmTu fJ oPj kPz, náu y~jJÇ FoKj Tf ßTJKa ßTJKa TgJr oJuJ, hOPvqr
IJPuUq, TgJ-TJKyjLr nLz oJjMPwr ˛OKfkPa IKmTíf Im˙J~ gJPT, ßoJPaS oMPZ
\Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô 35
pJ~ jJ, msJx mJ KvKrw KhP~ oJgJr UMKu WwPuS fmM oMPZ pJ~ jJ, Km˛OKf y~ jJÇ
ZKmr kr ZKm, TgJr kr TgJ, TJKyjLr kr TJKyjL ßToj TPr oPj gJPT? I, IJ,
T, U, F, Km, Kx, Kc, IJKul, mJ, fJ, ZJ ßgPT IJr÷ TPr m˜Jr kr m˜J mA kPz
FTKa ßuJT cÖr y~, hMKj~JP\JzJ jJoTrJ KmÆJj y~Ç fJr FA m˜JmªL mA-Fr
uã uã TgJ ßTJgJ~ IJaPT gJPT, G oVP\r FTaáUJKj ßTJPe, KxKT AK†r
ßnfPr? Ff vf vf oe S\Pjr kJyJz kKroJe mA-kM˜T oJgJr oVP\r KnfPr
ßTJj KhV∂P\JzJ IJuoJrLPf \J~VJ y~Ç FZJzJ ßaPkr TgJr CkPr IJmJr ßak
TrPu IJPVr TgJ oMPZ pJ~, KT∂á oJgJr TgJr CkPr ßTJKa ßTJKa TgJ mJ\JPuS
IJPVr TgJ oMPZ jJÇ FTaJ ßaPkr TqJPxa FTmJrA ÊiM FT irPjr TgJ rãJ
TPr, KÆfL~mJr mJ\JPu IJr ßx kMrJPjJ TgJ iPr rJUPf kJPr jJÇ oVP\r
TqJPxPa TfA jJ mz KlfJÇ y~f ßTJKa ßTJKa oJAu u’J, y~f Ij∂Ç
FTaJ \Kaufr AK†j-kKrkJT KmnJV
UJhq jJ ßUPu oJjMw mÅJPY jJÇ FT IKnjm CkJP~ UJhq oJjMPwr ßhPyr vKÜ ß\
JVJ~Ç UJhq UJS~Jr ÊÀ ßgPT y\Por ßvw kptJ~ kpt∂ UJPhqr KmKnjú rTPor ˜r
kJr yPf y~Ç k´gPo oMPU UJhq dáKTP~ KhPu oMPUr hMA kJPv KfjKa TPr V´K∫ IJPZ
(Gland) pJ ßgPT FT k´TJr y\Ko rx ßmr yPf gJPT, FPT aJ~JKuj mPu (Ptyalin)
Ç IJxPu oMU ßgPTA y\Por TJ\ ÊÀ y~Ç y\Ko rx mJ uJuJ UJhqPT jro S
hsme TrPf xJyJpq TPrÇ hÅJf UJhqPT KYKmP~ y\Po xJyJpq TPrÇ KYmJPjJr xo~
UJPhqr Kâ~J oK˜PÏS Km˜Jr uJn TPrÇ F\jq oJPZr oJgJ mJ IjqJjq nJu UJmJr
oMU mº TPr C•o„Pk KYKmP~ ßUPf y~Ç oMPUr KjÕnJPV kJT˙uLr jPur oMU, Sr
kJvJkJKv võJxjJuLÇ UJmJr pUj UJhqjJuL KhP~ kJT˙uLr KhPT pJS~J ÊÀ TPr
fUj võJxjJuL mº yP~ pJ~Ç IoPjJPpJVL yP~ ßUPu mJ UJmJr xo~ TgJ muPu
võJxjJuLPf UJhq dáPT oJjMPwr oOfáqS yPf kJPrÇ UJhqjJuL oMPUr KjÕnJPV
kJT˙uLr xPñ xÄpMÜ yP~PZÇ FA jJuLaJPT FPxJlJVJx muJ y~Ç FaJ V´LT v»
ßgPT FPxPZ, Igt yu IJKo UJhq myj TKrÇ FA jJuLPf TfTèPuJ oJÄxPkvL
rP~PZ ßpèPuJ UJhqPT kJT˙uLr KhPT KjP~ pJ~Ç kJT˙uLPf UJhq ßdJTJr kr
TfTèPuJ rx kJT˙uL ßgPT ßmr y~ FPhrPT Fj\JAo mJ kJYT rx muJ y~Ç
FèPuJ ßpxm V´K∫ mJ fJPrr of K\Kjw ßgPT ßmr y~, fJPhr xÄUqJ Kfj ßTJKa
kûJv uãÇ FA V´K∫èPuJ \JPur of kJT˙uLPT ßZP~ IJPZÇ UJmJr y\o TrJr
xo~ FrJ TP~T k´TJPrr rx ßmr TPr UJPhq KoKvP~ ßh~Ç fJPhr oPiq umeJÕ
IŸrx (Hydrochloric Acid) S ßkkKxj (Pepsin) S KoCKxj (Mucin) k´iJjÇ FèPuJ
yu kJYT rx mJ y\Ko rx, FèPuJ UJPhqr xPñ KoPv UJhqPT hsme S fru TPrÇ
kJT˙uLr ßkvLèPuJ UJhq kJS~Jr xPñ xPñ fJPT oMYPz hMoPz FkJv ßgPT
36 \Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô
iJÑJ KhP~ SkJPv, SkJv ßgPT FkJPv Sua-kJua TPr ßdKTPf YJPur èzJ TrJr
of UJhqPT èPzJ TPr Kov UJS~JPf gJPT FmÄ FPTmJPr jro S fru jJ yS~J
kpt∂, k´J~ YJr W≤J iPr UJhq KjP~ i˜JiK˜ TPr kJT˙uLr ßkvLèPuJ ßdCP~r of
frñJK~f y~ FmÄ UJhq pUj fru KkP¥r of y~, fUj fJPT FTaJ ßVPar TJPZ
ßbPu ßh~Ç FKa kJT˙uLr FTKa xÄTLet k´J∂, Fr jJo kJAPuJrJx (Pylorous) mJ
ßfJre ÆJPrr rãTÇ UJhq pfãe kpt∂ \Let yP~ fru KkP¥r IJTJr iJre jJ
TPr, ffãe FA ÆJr mº gJPTÇ pUj UJhqaJ y\Por ßvw kptJP~ IJPx, fUj
IJkjJ IJkKj FA ßVa mJ hr\JaJ FTmJr oJ© UMPu KVP~ UJhqPT kJT˙uL ßgPT
ßmr TPr ßh~Ç ßpoj∏ ÓLoJr ßgPT oJu UJuJx TrJ y~Ç kJAPuJrJx ßgPT ßmKrP~
UJhq FTKa mz jPu ßdJPT, Fr jJo ãáhs Iπ (Smaller Intestine)Ç ãáhs IPπr k´go
IÄv 12 IJñMu k´v˜, FPT cáP~JKcjJx muJ y~Ç cP~JKcjJx ßgPT FTKa ju
Kk•PTJPwr (Gallbladder) Fr xPñ KoPvPZ, IkrKa KoPvPZ ßTîJo (Pancreas)-Fr
xPñÇ Kk•PTJw pTíPfr xPñ pMÜ ãáhs FTKa gPur ofÇ FaJ YKmt y\o TPr, F\
jq ßmvL YKmt \JfL~ K\Kjx ßUPu Fr SkPr IKfKrÜ YJk kPzÇ lPu, FPf kJg-
Prr (Stone) xOKÓ yPf kJPrÇ ßTîJo mJ kqJjKâ~Jx VäMPTJ\ pJ KYKj \JfL~ K\KjxPT
nJKñP~ ßhPy fJk S vKÜ ß\JVJ~Ç Fr ãofJr mJAPr VäMPTJ\ vrLPr dáTPu FaJ
hMmtu yP~ kPz FmÄ KYKjPT kNetnJPm nJñJPf jJ kJrJ~ rPÜ ßmvL KYKj dáPT pJ~Ç
ßTîJo ßgPT AjxMKuj \JfL~ FTaJ rx ßmr yP~ VäMPTJ\ \JfL~ K\KjxPT nJÄKVP~
FPTmJPr xrJxKr rPÜ KoKvP~ ßh~Ç AjxMKuj rx pUj KYKjr kKroJPe To y~,
fUj ßx KYKj rPÜ ßmvL kKroJe \Po FmÄ mÉoM© (Diabetis) mqJKir xOKÓ TPrÇ
kJT˙uL ßgPT ãáhs IPπ UJhq k´J~ fru Kk¥ Im˙J~ dáTPu IJÁpt rTPor
TJptJmuL ÊÀ y~Ç ãáhs IπKa Kmv láa u’J KT∂á ßpnJPm FaJ nÅJ\ TPr kKrkJKa TPr
xJ\JPjJ yP~PZ, fJ ßhUPu xKfqA ImJT yPf y~Ç ˝· kKrxr ˙JPjr Knfr Ff
KmrJa FTaJ pπ FkJv SkJv TPr nÅJ\ TPr FojnJPm xJ\JPjJ yP~PZ ßp, ßT ßpj
Kj\ yJPf FaJPT èKZP~ ßrPUPZÇ ãáhs IPπr KnfPr rP~PZ IJrS IJÁpt ãáhs ãáhs
ßTJKa ßTJKa pπ pJPhrPT KnKu (Villi) mJ ÊÅP~ muJ yP~PZÇ FèPuJ IJñMPur of oJgJ
ßoJaJ, ßVJzJr KhPT FTaá KYTjÇ kJT˙uL ßgPT k´J~ \Let UJhqèPuJ pUj FPhr
KnfPr IJPx, fUj FrJ x\JV yP~ SPb FmÄ VJ jzJYzJ KhP~ xJoPj ßkZPj CkPr
jLPY jJaTL~ nKñPf hMuPf gJPT FmÄ UJPhqr KnfPr pf xJr khJgt ßpoj∏ ßk´JKaj,
VäPM TJ\ AfqJKh xmA ßZPT ßrPU rPÜ KoKvP~ ßh~Ç mJTL Ik´P~J\jL~ pJ, fJ
mOyhPπr (Larger intestine)-Fr KhPT ßbPu ßmr TPr ßh~Ç
ãáhs IPπr kPr mOyhJπ k´J~ kÅJY láa u’J, ßhUPf k´J~ YfáPÏJPer Kfj mJÉr ofÇ
mOyhPπS UJhq Iit fru Im˙J~ gJPTÇ xMfrJÄ mOyhπ-Fr IPjT fru kJKj V´ye
\Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô 37
TPr ßrPU ßh~Ç mOyhPπr ßvPwr KhPT ouÆJr (Rectum) u’J~ k´J~ Z'AKû,
ouÆJPrr kPr èyqjJuL vÜ ßVJu ßkvL KhP~ IJaTJPjJ gJPTÇ
UJhq y\o yP~ ßhPy rPÜr xOKÓ TPrÇ rPÜ TP~T k´TJr CkJhJj IJPZÇ ßuJKyf
TKeTJ, ßvõf TKeTJ, IjMYKâTJ, käJ\oJ AfqJKhÇ ßuJKyf TKeTJ~ KjCKTî~Jx ßjA,
FrJ IKéP\j myj TPr, IJr TJmtj-cJA-IéJAc xKrP~ ßh~Ç xJhJ TKeTJèPuJ
ßrJV-mqJKir xÄâoe k´KfPrJi TPrÇ k´Kf Wj AKû rPÜ ßuJKyf TKeTJr xÄUqJ
k´J~ kÅYJ•r vf ßTJKa FmÄ xJhJ TKeTJr xÄUqJ k´J~ hv ßTJKaÇ käJ\oJ \Let UJhq
myj TPr, FPf VäMPTJ\, KnaJKoj, KVäxJKrj FmÄ FqJoJAPjJ FKxcS rP~PZ k´J~ 22
rTPor pJ KhP~ ßTJwèPuJ fJPhr k´P~J\jL~ KmPvw irPjr kMKÓ ‰frL TrPf kJPrÇ
ßTJKa ßTJKa Ê~Jr (Villi) IJmJr ßTJKa ßTJKa rÜ KmnJV IJPZÇ k´PfqTKa Ê~Jr
FTKa ãáhs IgY ˝~ÄKâ~ rÜ KmnJV IJPZÇ k´PfqTKa Ê~Jr FTKa TPr CkiojL
mJ rÜjJuL IJPZÇ FnJPm ßTJKa ßTJKa Ê~Jr ßTJKa ßTJKa CkiojL FmÄ k´PfqTKa
Ê~Jr FTKa TPr vJUJ KvrJ IJPZÇ CkiojL KhP~ rÜ Ê~J~ ßdJPT FmÄ KvrJ KhP~
rÜèPuJ ßmKrP~ pJ~Ç FnJPm k´PfqTKa Ê~Jr KhPT ßTJKa ßTJKa rÜmJyL jJuL
IJPZ FmÄ ßTJKa ßTJKa rÜ ßmr yS~Jr jJuL IJPZÇ ßTJKa ßTJKa Ê~Jr k´PfqTKa
FTKa KmrJa ßyc IKlx ßpUJPj Ijmrf I\xs Iuãq TotYJrLrJ TJP\ rf gJPT,
oJjMwPT YuvKÜ hJj TPr, IgY IJorJ IjMiJmj TrPf kJKrPj, YJraJ UJmJr ßkPa
dáKTP~ IJP˜ TJP\ IJkj oPj rf gJKTÇ ßhPyr KmKnjú IÄPv Tf ßTJKa ßTJKa
TotYJrL ßp TJ\ TPr pJ~ fJrJ KT∂á IQmfKjT, ßTJj oJAPj YJ~ jJÇ fJrJ ÊiM
IJoJPhr KhPT fJKTP~ gJPT, fJPhrPT UJKaP~ IJorJ oMPU KT mKu, IJr KT
TJ\ TKr fJA ImPuJTj TPrÇ
ßTJKa ßTJKa Ê~J ßgPT rÜiJrJ FTaJ k´iJj KvrJ (Portal vein) KhP~ pTíPf
(Liver) KVP~ KoPvPZÇ FTaJ kNet m~Û ßuJPTr pTíPfr S\j k´J~ Kfj kJCP§r
KTZM ToÇ ßhPyr k´J~ cJj kJPv oiqòhJr jLPY pTífKa Foj IØMf FT pπ pJr
TJptJmuL IxJiJre FmÄ IKiTJÄv TJ\A pJr IPmJiqÇ pTíf k´J~ kÅYJ•rKa KmKnjú
irPjr TJ\ xŒjú TPrÇ KmùJjLrJ mPuj, pTíf ßToj TPr fJr hMPmtJiq TJ\èPuJ
TPr IJ\S fJ ßTC IJKmÏJr TrPf kJPrKjÇ pTíf KmPvw irPjr Fj\JAo xOKÓ
TPr, ã~ k´J¬ rÜ TeJPT ±Äx TPr, rÜ \oJaTJrL khJgtèPuJ xOKÓ TPrÇ
ßvõfxJr S KYKj ßgPT VäMPTJ\ xÄV´y TPr, VäJAPTJP\j (Glycogen) jJPo Ijq
ßvõfxJPr kKref TPr xû~ TPr rJPU, k´P~J\jPmJPi VäJAPTJP\jPT IJmJr
VäMPTJP\ kKref TPr f∂áPf rÜiJrJ~ KoKvP~ kJKbP~ ßh~, Kk•PTJwPT
38 \Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô \Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô 39

(Gallbladder) Kk•kJYT rx ‰fKr TPr mºár TJ\ TPr, IJrS Tf TJ\ ßp TPr
KmùJjLrJ IJ\S Fr IPmJiq TJ\èPuJ xoqTnJPm CkuK… TrPf jJ ßkPr Km˛P~
yfmJT yP~ ßVPZjÇ
nJmmJr TgJ
k´gof” UJhq ßVuJr kr UJhq jJuLr ßkvLèPuJ UJhqPT ßbPu ßbPu kJT˙uLr
KhPT KjP~ pJ~Ç kJT˙uLPf UJhq kzJr xPñ xPñ KnfPrr V´K∫èPuJ x\JV yP~
SPbÇ Kfj ßTJKa kûJv uã V´K∫ KhP~ ßmzJ\JPur of ZJS~J kJT˙uLÇ FèPuJr
KnfPr IJmJr Foj mqm˙J TrJ IJPZ ßp, k´Kf V´K∫ ßgPT uJuJ mJ rx ßmr yP~
UJhqPT fru FmÄ hsme TPr y\Por CkPpJVL TPr ßfJPuÇ kJT˙uLr KnfPr
UJmJPrr kPr ßp fáoMu TJ¥ yPf gJPT fJPf oPj y~ ßpj KÆfL~ KmvõpM≠ ßmÅPi
ßVPZ, mJAPr ßgPT KTZMA ßar kJS~J pJ~ jJÇ FUj TgJ y'u, Kfj ßTJKa kûJv
uã V´K∫ Foj TJ~hJ~ \JuPTr of xOKÓ TrJ yP~PZ ßpaJ ßTJj vKÜvJuL KY∂JvLu
oJgJr kKrT·jJ ZJzJ x÷m j~, FPhr KnfPr Fj\JAo mJ y\oL rxS TJ~hJ TPr
xM¬ rJUJ yP~PZÇ
KnKu mJ Êz mJ Ê~J, FèPuJ IJñMPur ofÇ FPhr KnfPr pUj I≠t fru UJhq
ßdJPT fUj ßTJKa ßTJKa Ê~J xJoPj ßkZPj CkPr jLPY jJaTL~ nKñPf muJ pJ~
jJYPf ÊÀ TPr FmÄ FA ßTJKa ßTJKa Ê~Jr k´PfqTKaPf FTKa TPr rÜ pJmJr
kg, IjqKa rÜ ßmr ymJr kg IJPZ IgtJ“ pf ßTJKa Ê~J fJr cmu ßTJKa kgÇ
FfèPuJ kg KTnJPm ßp FPT ßmÅPT ßVPZ, fJ ßhUPu ùJPj fJT ßuPV pJ~Ç
Ê~JèPuJ FnJPm UJhq ßgPT xJr ßZPT ßhPy ßh~Ç
jJ jJzJPu \z khJgt jPz jJÇ KmùJjLrJ mPuj, kg ‰fKr TPr jJ KhPu kg
FTJ FTJ y~ jJÇ FA ßTJKa ßTJKa Ê~J ßT jJzJ~? ßT jJYJ~ IuPãq ßgPT?
ßTJj k´PTRvuLrA KT hrTJr y~Kj? ßTJj oJgJA KT Fr ßkZPj kKrT·jJ
TPrKj? ßTJj KmPmTA KT Fr ßkZPj ßjA? fJA Fxm xOKÓTJrL oyJ kKrT·jJTJrL
oyJk´PTRvuL mPuj, ÍoJjMw ßToj TPr KmPmYjJ Tr? ßfJoJPhr KT ßTJj KmPmT
ßjA? fmM KT ßfJorJ IJoJPT I˝LTJr TrPm?"

KÆfL~f” kJAPuJrJx mJ UJuJxL, kJT˙uLr FT ßTJPe mPx ImPuJTj TrPZ, TUj

kJT˙uLr ßdKTPf UJhqèPuJ èPzJ èPzJ yP~ k´J~ fru Kk¥Pf kKref yPm, IoKj
ßx kJT˙uLPT KjPwi TPr muPm IJr jzJYzJ TPrJ jJÇ ßfJoJr TJ\ ßvw, FUj
KmvsJo jJSÇ FA mPu ßx IJP˜ fJr oMPUr dJTjJ UMPu UJhqPT ßmr TPr oJu UJuJPxr
of UJuJx TPr ßhPm FmÄ xPñ xPñ UJuJx ymJr kgaJ IJmJr ßx IJVKuP~ mPx
gJTPm xŒNet ImÀ≠ TPrÇ kJAPuJrJx yPò FTaJ k´JeyLj, oJgJyLj, mMK≠yLj
IPmJi K\Kjw fJPT oJu UJuJPxr oJPj∏ UJhq TUj \Let y~ IJr jJ y~ F mMK≠
ßT èKZP~ ßh~? FUJPj ßfJ oJjMPwr oJgJr ßTJj mMK≠A UJPa jJ? FaJ KT UMmA
nJmmJr TgJ j~? Imvq ßoJaJ xMfJ~ KYTj ßxuJA x÷m j~ FPfJ IJPVA muJ
yP~PZÇ

Frkr IJPx ãáhs IPπr TgJÇ ãáhs IπaJ Kmv láa u’JÇ FA Ff mz FTaJ u’J
ju KT TPr Ff I· ˙JPj èÅP\ rAu? FTaJ Kmv láa ßoJaJ hKz èKZP~ fJPT fáPu
rJUPf KjÁ~ FTaJ oJjMPwr hrTJr yPmÇ KT∂á Kmv láa u’J FTaJ ßoJaJ hKz FTJ
FTJ ßToj TPr FkJv SkJv nJ\ yP~ kKrkJKa yP~ FTJ FTJ èKZP~ rAu,
FUJPj TJÀrA KTZMA TrJr hrTJr yu jJ? ÊiM èKZP~A ßvw y~KjÇ FTaJ hKz
kJTJPf yPu ßTJÓJr kr ßTJÓJ kJa fJPf KhPf y~Ç fPm jJ rKvKa kJPar rKv
y~Ç IπKa KT KhP~ ‰fKr? fJr YJrKhPTr ßh~JPur ßnfPr rP~PZ ßTJKa ßTJKa
40 \Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô
ßhy YPu ßToj TPr
ßVJaJ oJjm ßhyaJ oJÄxPkvL, IK˙ S fôT KhP~ IJmOfÇ oJjm TÄTJuaJ yJPzr
xoKÓ FmÄ yJzèPuJ IK˙ xÄPpJV S IK˙ mºjL KhP~ xÄpMÜÇ oJÄx ßkvLèPuJ
fJPhrPT o\mMf TPr ßmÅPi ßrPUPZÇ oJjm ßhPyr xo˜ ßkvLèPuJr S\j ßhPyr
xo˜ yJPzr S\Pjr ßYP~ IJzJA èe ßmvLÇ ßhPy hM'ßvJr ßmvL ßkvL rP~PZÇ
ßkvLèPuJ jojL~, xÄTáKYf mJ xŒsxJKrf yPf kJPrÇ k´P~J\jPmJPi ßhy jzJYzJ
TrJr xo~ ßkvLèPuJ jzJYzJ TPr ßhPyr VKf Kj~πe TPrÇ xsÓJr IJÁpt ßTRvu
KY∂J TrPu ImJT yPf y~Ç IJoJPhr xJrJ ßhy \MPz IKf xNç FT k´TJPrr kvo
IJPZÇ FèPuJ Ff xNç ßp j\Pr kPz jJÇ FèPuJ YJozJr jLPYr ßZJa ßVJuJTJr
oNu ßgPT \PjìÇ F kvo mJ ßuJPor kJPv rP~PZ FTKa TPr ãáhs ßkvLÇ vLPfr
KhPj mJ bJ¥J uJVPu F ßuJoèPuJ UJzJ yP~ SPb FmÄ F xo~ fôPTr jLYaJ ßlÅPk
SPb FmÄ vLPfr IJâoe ßgPT ßhyPT rãJ TPrÇ k´KfKa xNç ßuJPor TJPZ FTKa
˚J~M k´J∂ IJPZÇ SaJ oJjMPwr IjMnëKfPT x\JV gJTPf xJyJpq TPr, ßTJj ßkJTJ-
oJTz mJ ßfoj ßTJj ãáhs K\Kjx ßhPyr Skr KhP~ ßyÅPa ßVPu FA ßuJoèPuJr
TJ\ mqJyf y~ FmÄ ¸vt ßTªsèPuJ ßar kJ~, fUj oJjMw ßhPy FTKa IjMnëKf
IjMnm TPr FmÄ xPñ xPñ ßkJTJ-oJTz AfqJKh ß^Pz ßlPuÇ
xsÓJr IJPrTKa Táhrf yu IJñMu, fJr ¸vt TJfrfJ FmÄ ZJkÇ UJKu ßYJPU
IJorJ xJiJref IJñMPur oJgJr FTKa ßoJaJ YJozJ KhP~ ZJS~J ßhKU, KT∂á
IjMmLãe pπ KhP~ ßhUPu ßhUJ pJPm ßp, IJñMPu IJxPu hM'PaJ ZJk rP~PZ, hMPaJ
fôT xŒNet IJuJhJÇ KT∂á FTKa IkrKar xPñ FojnJPm ßuPV IJPZ ßp, hM'PaJ
KoPu FTKa fôT mPu oPj y~Ç SkPrr fôTKaPT FKkcJrKox (Epidermis) mJ
SkPrr kJfuJ ˜r muJ y~Ç KjPYr fôTKaPT FP¥sJ cJrKox (Endo Dermis) mJ
KjPYr kMÀ ˜r muJ y~Ç CkPrr kJfuJ fôTKa IJxPu jLPYr IJxu fôTKar yJu&TJ
FTKa xÄrãT fôT mJ IJmreÇ jLPYTJr IJxu fôPTA rP~PZ ˚J~M mJ rÜjJuLÇ
ßTJj xo~ FTaJ IJYz uJVPu ßmvL mqgJ kJS~J pJ~ jJ IgY FTaJ xJhJ of hJV
y~Ç SaJ IJxPu CkPrr yJuTJ fôPT ßuPV SrTo y~Ç Sr ßTJwèPuJ oPr SrTo
hJPVr xOKÓ TPr FKkcJrKox, \LmJeM FmÄ IJhtsfJ ßgPT vrLrPT rãJ TPr gJPTÇ
yJPfr IJñMuèPuJ jJjJ irPjr xNç xNç ßrUJ~ IJmOfÇ FA IxÄUq ßrUJ IÅJKT-
\Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô 41
TáKT yP~ IJñMu ßZP~ IJPZÇ FèPuJ Ifq∂ ¸vtTJfr S xÄPmhjvLuÇ Fxm
ßrUJr TJrPe IJorJ ßp ßTJj K\KjPw yJf KhPu fJr x’Pº Ya TPr FTaJ IjMnëKf
ßkP~ muPf kJKr, FaJ KT irPjr K\KjwÇ IJñMPur ZJk FTaJ IØMf xOKÓÇ FTaJ
mÉ CÅYM kmtf ßvseLr IxÄUq CÅYM YNzJ~ VnLr CkfqTJ gJTPu kmtfaJPT ßpoj ßhUJ
pJPm, IJñMPur ZJkS ßhUPf ßfoKjÇ FaJ IjMmLãe pPπ kKrÏJr irJ kPzÇ
SkPrr kJfuJ fôT hM'ßaJ FTA ßrUJ~ KoKuf yP~PZÇ FaJPTA kmtf ßvseLr of
ßhUJ pJ~ FmÄ FaJA IJñMPur ZJk xOKÓ TPrÇ IJñMPur ZJkKa Foj IKnjm FmÄ
KmKY© ßp, KmPvõr hM'\j oJjMPwr IJñMPur ZJk FT rTo y~ jJÇ FojKT IPjT
ßYÓJ TPr IJñMPur ZJk WPw-ßoP\ fáPu ßluPf ßYÓJ TrPuS FPT fáPu KjotNu
TrJ pJ~ jJÇ I˘kYJr TPr fáPu ßluPuS IJmJr pUj YJozJ VK\P~ SbPm, G
FTA rTo yPmÇ
nJmmJr TgJ
KmPvõr FTKa oJjMPwr IJñMPur ZJk Ijq oJjMPwr ZJPkr xPñ ßoPu jJÇ F TgJKa
UMmA k´KeiJjPpJVqÇ oJjMw \jìVfnJPmA IJñMPur ZJk KjP~ oJr ßka ßgPT ßmr
y~Ç ßTJKa ßTJKa oJjMPwr ßTJKa ßTJKa irPjr IJñMPur ZJkÇ FA KmKnjú irPjr
KmPvw ZJk xOKÓ yPf yPu IJñMu krLãJ TPr ßhPU IJñMuèPuJ KmKnjú rTo TPr
xOKÓ TrJ hrTJrÇ fJZJzJ k´KfKa IJñMPur ZJPk mqKfâo TrJ ßoJPaA x÷mkr yf
jJÇ FTA xsÓJ pKh xOKÓ jJ TrPfj FmÄ kOKgmLr xo˜ oJjMPwr IJñMu oJfíVPnt
krLãJ TPr jJ ßhPU xOKÓ TrPfj, fJPm IJªJP\r Skr Kjntr TPr jJ ßhPU xOKÓ
TrPu KjÁ~A ßp hMPaJ IJñMPur ZJk, IgmJ FTJKiT IJñMPur ZJk FTA rTo yf
fJPf ßTJj xPªy ßjAÇ IJPoKrTJ~ rJf mJraJr xo~ FT\j oJP~r VPnt FTKa
KvÊr IJñMPur ZJk xOKÓ TrJr xo~ yP~PZ, KbT FTA xo~ YLj ßhPvr FTKa
KvÊr oJfíVPnt IJñMPur ZJk xOKÓ TrJr k´P~J\j yP~PZ, FTA xoP~ mJÄuJPhPvr
FT oKyuJr VPnt FTKa KvÊr IJñMu xOKÓ TrJr k´P~J\j yP~PZ, FnJPm yJ\Jr yJ\
Jr KmKnjú hNrPfôr ßhPv FTA xoP~ uJU uJU jJrLr VPnt KvÊr IJñMPur ZJk xOKÓ
KmKnjú rTo TrJr k´P~J\j kPzPZÇ FA xmtPãP© FTA xoP~ FTA xOKÓTJrL FTA
xo~ ßYJPU ßhPU ßhPU krLãJ TPr KmKnjú irPjr IJñMu xOKÓ pKh TrPf jJ
kJrPfj, fPm ßToj TPr FT IJñMu Ijq IJñMPur xPñ kJgtTq yf? KjÁ~A
FTaJr xPñ IjqaJr Kou yP~ ßpfÇ
IjM„knJPm, oJjMPwr ßYyJrJ IJrS FTKa IKf nJmjJr mqJkJrÇ KmPvõr ßTJKa
ßTJKa oJjMPwr ßYyJrJ TJÀr xPñ TJÀr Kou ßjAÇ KTZM jJ KTZM ßmKv To gJPTÇ
uã uã jJrLr oJfíVPnt ßhPU ÊPj krLãJ-KjrLãJ TPr IJÄèuA ÊiM xOKÓ TrJ
42 \Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô
y~Kj, oJjMPwr ßYyJrJS IjM„knJPm xOKÓ TrJ yP~PZÇ pJPf KmPvõr ßTJKa ßTJKa
oJjMPwr ßYyJrJ Imvq VrKou y~Ç FZJzJ nJmmJr TgJ yPò, oJjMw xOKÓr k´go
ßgPT IJ\ kpt∂ ßTJKa ßTJKa oJjMw hMKj~J ßgPT yJKrP~ ßVPZ KT∂á fJPhr TJÀr
ßYyJrJ IJ\PTr hMKj~Jr TJÀr xPñ ßoPu jJ, FojKT ßT~Jof kpt∂ pf oJjMw
IJxPm nKmwqPf fJPhr ßYyJrJS KouPmjJÇ y~f FaJ IJPrJy k≠Kf IjMxre TPr
Kj”xPªPy IjMoJj TrJ pJ~Ç fJyPu TgJaJ xÄPãPk hÅJzJu FrTo”
uJU uJU ßoP~ oJjMPwr uJU uJU Vnt krLãJ TPr ßhPU IJñMu S ßYyJrJ KmKnjú
rTo TPr xOKÓ TrPf yPu ÊiM FT\j xsÓJr hrTJr, FT\jA ÊiM kJPr KmKnjú ZKm
ßhPU KmKnjú rTPor ZKm xOKÓ TrPfÇ TJre IPjPT ßhUPu FmÄ IPjPT xOKÓ TrPu
hM'rTo yPmAÇ IPjPTr FA ßTJKa ßTJKa oJjMw ZKm FTaJr xPñ IJr FTaJ Kou
yPmAÇ yJ\Jr AK†Kj~Jr pKh FTA KmKflÄ-Fr jT&vJJ TPr fJr IKiTJÄv jéJA
FTaJr xPñ FTaJ Kou yP~ pJPm, FaJ UMm ßoJaJ TgJÇ xMfrJÄ ßhUJ pJPò xsÓJ
oJ© FT\jA FmÄ KmKnjú hNrPfôr KmKnjú VPnt FTA xo~ IKf IºTJr oJfí TmPr
KmKnjú rTPor ßYyJrJ FmÄ IJñMPur ZJk KpKj IKïf TPrj, KfKj FT\j pJ-fJ
kJ© jjÇ fJr Foj IkNmt oyJãofJ T·jJS TrJ oJjMPwr kPã IxJiqÇ fJA
KfKj mPuj, IJKo xo˜ m˜ár SkPr xmtvKÜoJj FmÄ IJKoA oJfíVPnt oJjMPwr
IJTíKf S VbjPT KjitJKrf TPrKZÇ KmPvõ ßTC ßTJj Khj ßTJj TJPuS hJmL TrPf
kJPr jJ, KmPvõr xo˜ jJrLr VPntr x∂JPjr IJTíKf S Vbj IJKoA KjitJKrf TPrKZÇ
oyJxsÓJ FmÄ oyJ k´PTRvuL IJuäJy& FfA krJâovJuL FmÄ ãofJmJj ßp, oJjMPwr
iJreJr mJAPrÇ fmM Kka KkPa ZJrPkJTJr of ãáPh oJjMw fJPT I˝LTJr TrPf
Tá£PmJi TPr jJÇ fJA IJuäJy& oJjMPwr KmPmPTr TJPZ k´vú TPr mPuPZj, ÈS~Ju
fJjpMr jJlxM-ÿJ TJ¨JoJf KuVJh' (IJu-Tá'rIJj)∏IgtJ“ IJVJoLTJPur \jq KT
yJPf IJPZ ‰TKl~f ßhmJr \jq, fJ ßnPm ßhPU oJKar TmPr kJ jJKoP~ KhSÇ
\Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô 43
KTPx \Lmj mÅJKYP~ rJPU
k´Kf KoKjPa ßwJumJr IJorJ võJx-k´võJx ZJKzÇ rPÜ IKéP\j k´P~J\j y~ mPu
F rTo TrPf y~Ç Kj”võJx KhP~ IKéP\j V´ye TKrÇ kKrvsPo IKiT IKéP\j
ã~ y~, F\jq Wj Wj võJx-k´võJx KjPf y~Ç oMU KhP~ võJx KjPu láxláPxr ãKf
y~ TJre jJPTr KnfPr rP~PZ ãáhs rÜjJuLÇ ßxèPuJ bJ¥J~ rÜ xûJKrf TPr
láPu CPbÇ Kj”võJPxr Knfr KhP~ pJmJr xo~ ßhy ßgPT fJkk´J¬ y~, lPu láxláx
KjrJkPh gJPTÇ ãáhs fπ KhP~ mJ~M kgèPuJ IJmOfÇ FT k´TJr IÅJbJu K\Kjn FPT
KnK\P~ rJPUÇ iNKuTeJ S ßrJV-mqJKir \LmJeM ßgPT Kj”võJxPT rãJ TPrÇ jJPTr
ßVJzJr KhPT WsJe AKªs~ rP~PZÇ jJPTr KnfPr IPjT UÅJ\ IJPZ pJr oJiqPo FmÄ
WsJe AKªsP~r oJiqPo mrJmr oVP\ WsJe YPu ßpPf kJPrÇ jJT KhP~ pUj mJ~M k´Pmv
TPr, oMPUr ßkZj KhPT rP~PZ jro f∂árJK\ ßpèPuJ kJKj \JfL~ K\KjPx nKft,
fUj FèPuJ xÄâJoT mqJKir \LmJeMPT IJaPT jÓ TPrÇ
VuJr CkKrnJPV rP~PZ ˝rTábrá LÇ FaJr KnfPr ˝rröM rP~PZÇ SèPuJ AÄPr\L
ÈKn' 'V' IãPrr of hMPaJ khtJr ofÇ FA IãPrr of K\KjPwr Knfr pUj mJ~M
k´Pmv TPr FPT YJujJ TPr fUj oJjMPwr VuJr ˝r ßmr y~ mJ oJjMw TgJ muPf
kJPrÇ jJrL S KvÊPhr ßmuJ~ ˝Prr fJrfoq y~Ç fJPhr ˝r röM UJPaJ, F\jq
fJPhr ˝r kMÀPwr ßYP~ YzJ, kMÀPwr ˝rröM u’J, F\jq fJPhr ˝r nJrL S ßoJaJÇ
mJ~MjJuL u’J~ k´J~ YJr AKûÇ võJxjJuL hM'nJPm nJV yP~ mMPTr Knfr KhP~
láxláPx KVP~ ßbPTPZÇ hM'nJV ymJr k´gPo AÄPr\L S~JA (Y) IãrKa CKfiP~
KuUPu ßpoj y~ ßfoj yP~PZÇ ßpoj Y FrJ hM'nJV yP~ láxláPx KVP~PZÇ láx-
láPx FrJ âoJVf IJrS ãáhs ãáhs nJPV nJV yP~PZÇ FPhrPT msÄKT~u (Bronchiole)
muJ y~Ç msÄKT~u mJ ãáhs ãáhs kg yP~ FrJ xJrJ láxláx \JPur of ßZP~PZ FA
mJ~M gPur xÄUqJ VejJ TrJ FT rTo Ix÷mÇ k´J~ FTPvJ ßTJKar of k´KfKa
gPur YJrKhT KWPr IJPZ IKf ãáhs rÜ jJuLr ßmzJÇ FèPuJPT \JuT muJ y~Ç
\JuPTr ßmzJaJ FT ˜r \LmPTJw oJ©Ç “KkP¥r hM'kJPv hM'PaJ láxláx Im˙Jj
TrPZÇ k´KfKa láxláPx FTPvJ ßTJKa mJ~MmJyL jJuL IJPZ FmÄ FTPvJ ßTJKa
mJ~MmJyL gPu IJPZÇ
44 \Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô
mJ~MgPuèPuJ rPÜr jhLPf cáPm IJPZ IgY FT IJÁpt CkJP~ FPhr KnfPr rÜ
dáTPf kJPr jJÇ pKh rPÜ Fxm mJ~MjJuL kNet yP~ ßpf fPm oJjMw ho mº yP~ oPr
ßpfÇ võJx ßjmJr xPñ xPñ FTPvJ ßTJKa mJ~MmJyL jJuL KhP~ mJ~M FTPvJ ßTJKa
mJ~MgPuPf k´Pmv TPrÇ FnJPm hMPaJ láxláPx FTPlJaJ Kj”võJx hMPvJ ßTJKa nJV
yP~ hM'PaJ láxláPx KVP~ IKéP\j ßZÅPT rPÜ KoKvP~ ßhPy rÜ YuJYu KbT
rJPUÇ mJ~MgPuèPuJ Ifq∂ xNç, FèPuJ Kj”võJx ßgPT IKéP\j ßZÅPT rPÜ KoKvP~
ßh~Ç ßxA rÜ KvrJ-CkKvrJ KhP~ “KkP¥ pJ~ FmÄ FPf TPr xJrJPhy S “Kk¥
fJ\J gJPTÇ mJ~MPf IKéP\j ßZÅPT jJ KhPu oJjMPwr rPÜr TKeTJèPuJ FTK©f
yP~ rÜ \oJa ßmÅPi ßpfÇ Â“KkP¥r YJKrKa ßTJbJ~ FA \oJa rÜ YJKuf yPf
kJrf jJÇ ßYJPUr kuPT oJjMPwr oOfáq yP~ ßpfÇ Kj”võJPxr mJ~M ßgPT IKéP\j
ßZÅPT mJ~MgPu KTnJPm rPÜ IKéP\j ZJPz ßxaJ KmPmYjJr Kmw~Ç KyPoJPVäJKmj
jJPo FT k´TJr ßuRypMÜ rJxJ~KjT khJgt FaJ x÷m TPrPZÇ mJ~MgPu ßgPT pUj
IKéP\j rPÜ ßdJPT, rÜ ßgPT fUj TJmtj-cJA-IéJAc jJPo FT k´TJr
kKrfqJ\q K\Kjw k´võJPxr xPñ ßmr yP~ pJ~Ç IJmJr jfáj TPr IKéP\j
Kj”võJPxr xPñ dáPT mJ~MgPu kNet TPr, IJmJr TJmtj-cJA-IéJAc k´võJPxr xPñ
ßmr yP~ IJPxÇ FnJPmA IKmrJo YPu YPu oJjMw ßmÅPY gJPTÇ mqJkJraJ Foj \
Kau ßp, nJmPfS ImJT yPf y~Ç rPÜr jhLPf cáPm gJPT mJ~MgPuÇ mJ~MgPu
ßgPT IKf xNç ÆJr KhP~ ßZÅPT IKéP\j rPÜr oPiq KVP~ KoPv FmÄ xPñ xPñ
ßYJPUr kuPT rÜ ßgPT TJmtj-cJA-IéJAc KTnJPm ßp mJ~MgPuPf ßdJPT IgY
rÜ ßdJPT jJ, FaJ xsÓJr FT IkNmt ßTRvuÇ
mÉ ßTJKa mJ~M gPu rP~PZ láxláPx, F\jq FaJ UMm yJuTJÇ láxláx mJ~M gPu
ßgPT mJ~M V´ye TPr, F TJrPe oiqòhJr oJÄxPkvL xÄTáKYf y~, kÅJ\Prr ßkvL
kÅJ\rèPuJPT SkPr ßaPj ßfJPu, ZJKf y~ mz, láxláx hMPaJS pJ~ Km˜Of yP~ FmÄ
láxláPxr KnfPr mJ~M gPuèPuJS ßlÅPk pJ~, fUj láxláPxr ßmPz pJS~J \J~VJ
nKft TrPf mJ~M KnfPr ßdJPTÇ k´võJPxr KbT Fr CPfiJaJ WPaÇ F ßpj TotTJPrr
yJkPzr ofÇ
\Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô 45
IJPrTKa IØMf pπ-mOÑ mJ KTc&Kj
mOÑ mJ KTc&Kj ßhUPf KvohJjJr ofÇ FT\j kNet m~Û oJjMPwr mOPÑr ‰hWtq
4\f(1,2) AKû FmÄ k´˙ 2\f(1,2) AKû FmÄ FKa 1\f(1,2) AKû kMÀfôÇ YKmtr
gJjJ fJPhrPT ßhPyr xJPg FÅPa ßrPUPZÇ kÅJ\Prr jLPYA FrJ rP~PZÇ kÅJ\r FmÄ
YKmtr gJjJ FPhrPT iPr ßrPUPZÇ oiqòJhJr KbT jLPYA hMkJPv hMMPaJ KTc&Kj
rP~PZÇ KmùJjLrJ mPuj, FTKa KTc&Kj yPuS FTaJ oJjMw xM˙nJPm mÅJYPf kJPrÇ
Foj KT KmùJjLrJ mPuj, IJiUJjJ KTc&Kj yPuS FTKa oJjMw mÅJYPf kJPrÇ
ßhy \Lm∂ gJTJTJuLj IKéP\j, kJKj S UJPhqr hrTJrÇ KT∂á Fxm ßgPT
kKrfqJ\q IPjT Ik´P~J\jL~ K\Kjx pJ ßhPyr kPã UMmA ãKfTr ßpoj∏
ACKr~J S ACKrT FKxc FmÄ rPÜ IKfKrÜ kJKj dáPT rÜPT Kj~πPer mJAPr
KjP~ jJ pJ~, ßx\jqS mqm˙J gJTJ hrTJr FmÄ Ik´P~J\jL~ khJgt vrLr ßgPT ßmr
yS~JrS hrTJrÇ rPÜ KT kKroJe kJjL~ khJgt gJTPf yPm, KT kKroJe IJm\tjJ
FmÄ kJKj ßmr TPr KhPu ßhy KbT gJTPm mOÑÆ~ fJ Kj~πe TPrÇ
k´KfKa mOÑ oM©V´K∫ KhP~ ‰frLÇ k´Kf mOPÑ TokPã hv uã oM©V´K∫ IJPZÇ k´Kf
mOPÑr xPñ xÄKväÓ KfjKa TPr rÜmJyL ju IJPZÇ FTKa mz KvrJ pJ KmÊ≠ rÜ mP~
ßj~, KÆfL~Ka mz iojL ßpKa rÜPT kKrPvJij TrPf ßj~ FmÄ fífL~Ka yPò
oN©jJuL pJ oN©JvP~ oN©PT YJKuP~ ßj~Ç xy\ TgJ~ mOÑ hM'Ka TP≤sJuJPrr TJ\ TPrÇ
nJmmJr TgJ
ßT mOÑPT mPu ßh~, FA kKroJe kJKj ßhPy rãJ TrPf yPm, IJr ACKrT FKxc,
ACKr~J AfqJKh \†Ju ßhy ßgPT ßmr TPr KhPf yPm? KmPvw TPr rPÜr kJjL~
IÄv Kj~πe mOPÑr FTaJ k´iJj TJ\Ç mOÑ yPò FTKa IPmJi pπ pJr ßTJj mMK≠
ßjA, oJk-ß\Jk ùJj ßjAÇ ßT fJPT KjPhtv ßh~ FA kKroJe kJKj rPÜ rãJ Tr
mJ FA kKroJe oN©jJuLPf ßZPz hJS? VJzLr ßfPur aqJÄT ßTJjKhj VJzLr csJAn-
JrPT ßcPT mPu jJ, FA kKroJe ßfu IJPZ mJ ßjAÇ ßfPur KoaJr CPb, fJ ßhPU
csJAnJr ßfu x’Pº IÅJY TPr ßj~Ç mOPÑr KT ßTJj rÜ oJkJr KoaJr IJPZ IgmJ
ßT fJPT KjUÅMf oJk-ß\Jk ßvUJu?
46 \Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô
‰hKjT FT uã mJyJ•r yJ\Jr IJavf
ßTJKa rÜ TKeTJ ±Äx TPr ßT?
KkPu (Spleen) FTaJ IJÁpt pπÇ yJPfr IJñMuèPuJ oMKÓm≠ TrPu pJ y~ FTaJ
KkPu k´J~ ff mzÇ kJT˙uLr ßkZPj oiqòhJr jLPY FmÄ mJo mOPÑr FTaáUJKj
SkPr KkPur Im˙JjÇ KkPur rÄ VJ| uJuÇ KkPu FTaJ rPÜr IJiJrÇ FPf
IPjT rÜ \oJ gJTPf kJPr FmÄ Kr\Jnt KyPxPm ßx rÜ \oJ rJPUÇ ßTJj \J~VJ
ßTPa ßVPu mJ \Uo yPu KkPuA f“ãeJ“ rÜ xrmrJy TPrÇ KkPur xmPYP~
èÀfôkNet TJ\ yu rÜ TeJPT ±Äx TrJÇ rPÜr oNu CkJhJj rÜTeJÇ KkPu ßTj
FPT ±Äx TPr fJ \JjJ pJ~ jJÇ fPm KmùJjLrJ mPuj, k´J~ k´Kf oJPx IgtJ“
KfKrv Khj kr kr rÜ TKeTJèPuJ ã~k´J¬ yP~ IJPxÇ ßhPy kMrPjJ K\Kjw gJTJ
xsÓJ ßmJiy~ nJu oPj TPrKjÇ F TJrPe KkPu k´Kf ßxPTP¥ ßxPTP¥ x\JV gJPTÇ
ßnPm UMmA ImJT yPf y~ ßp, k´Kf ßxPTP§ KkPu 1 ßTJKa rÜ TeJPT ±Äx TPr,
pTífS fJA TPrÇ Imvq FèPuJ ã~ kJS~J rÜTeJÇ KkPu S pTíf KoPu k´Kf
ßxPTP¥ 3 ßTJKa ã~ kJS~J rÜ TeJPT ±Äx TPrÇ Imvq k´Kf ßxPTP¥ IJmJr
1 ßTJKa jfáj ßuJKyf TeJ yJPzr oöJr KnfPr FmÄ IjqJjq pπ KmPvPw xOKÓ y~Ç
nJÄVJ-VzJr KT IkNmt uLuJ YPu oJjmPhPy jLrPm jLrPmÇ fJA muJ y~, nJñJ-VzJr
nJrxJPoqr jJoA ˝J˙qÇ (Health is a balance between destruction and repair)Ç k´Kf
ßxPTP¥ 2 ßTJKa rÜ TKeTJ ±Äx FmÄ xOKÓ yPf KT fáou M TJ¥ TJrUJjJA jJ
ßhPyr KnfPr WaPf gJPT! oyJxsÓJ ZJzJ ßT kJPr Foj TJ\ xŒjú TrPf? fJA∏
nJÄVJ-VzJr FA ßp uLuJ
ãKePTr FA nPm,
nJÄVPm ÊiM VzPm jJ IJr
fUj ßToj yPmÇ
ßxKhj IJoJ~ IJKo mPu
KYjPm jJ ßfJ ßTC,
IkJr xJVr mPã ßpoj
gJom FTaJ ßdCÇ
k´Kf ßxPTP¥ FT ßTJKa rÜTeJ ±Äx yPu ‰hKjT ±ÄPxr yJr y~∏ pTíf FmÄ
käLyJ CnP~ ‰hKjT ßp rÜ TKeTJ ±Äx TPr fJr kKroJe y~- FT uã mJyJ•r
yJ\Jr IJavf ßTJKaÇ FnJPm k´Kf mZPr fJrJ CnP~ ±Äx TPr
\Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô 47
6,30,72000,0000000 mJ Z~ ßTJKa K©v uã mJyJ•r yJ\Jr ßTJKa rÜ
TKeTJÇ IJmJr IjM„k TKeTJ xOKÓ y~Ç FnJPm YuPf YuPf y~f FTKhj IJr
jfáj rÜ TKeTJ xOKÓ yPm jJ FmÄ ßxA KhjA oJjMPwr \Lmj xºqJ WKjP~ IJxPmÇ
Km˛~Tr v» pπ
FTaJ v» yPuA Ya TPr IJorJ fJ ÊjPf kJAÇ FaJ ßToj TPr x÷m y~? xsÓJr
IkNmt ßTRvu yu, TJjÇ FTaJ ßrKcSr Knfr Tf k´TJPrr TuT«J rP~PZ, TgJ
irJr \jqÇ KT∂á TJPjr KnfPr xJoJjq hM'YJrPa pPπr Foj TuJ-ßTRvu IJPZ ßp
fJPfA v», VJj, TgJ irJ kPzÇ TJPjr KfjKa nJV IJPZ-mKy”Tet, oiqTet FmÄ
I∂”TetÇ TJPjr mJAPr ßYJÄ-Fr of FTaJ oJÄPxr IÅJTJ-mJTJ ßh~Ju IJPZÇ
SèPuJ mJfJx ßgPT v» frñ IJTPz iPr TJPjr KnfPrr KZhskPg dáKTP~ ßh~Ç
F ßYJÄ-Fr of K\KjwaJPT TetZ© mPu (Pinna)Ç vsme kg ßgPT TJPjr KnfPrr
KhPT ßp ãáhs kgKa rP~PZ fJPT mKy”Tet mPuÇ vsme kgKa k´J~ AKûUJPjT hNPr
dáTPfA FTaJ kJfuJ khtJ~ ßbPTPZÇ F khtJ~ (Drum) mJAPrr v» Tet rº KhP~
FPx ßbPT FmÄ khtJ~ TŒj (Vibration) \JVJ~Ç khtJr Ikr kJPv FTaJ ßZJa
VPftr of IJPZ, FA VftaJA yPò oiqTetÇ KfjKa ãáhs yJz KhP~ oiqTet VKbfÇ
fJPhr jJo pgJâPo yJfáKz, ßjyJA S ßrTJmÇ v» TJPjr khtJ ßgPT KnfPr k´Pmv
TrJr TJPu KfjKa yJzA xoPmfnJPm TJP\ ßuPV pJ~Ç v» TJPj ßdJTJr xPñ
xPñ TJPjr khtJ~ TŒj \JVJ~Ç yJfáKzr yJfuKar ßVJzJ khtJr xPñ xÄpMÜ gJTJ~
FKa v»PT ßjyJAPf kJKbP~ ßh~Ç ßjyJA xrJxKr v»aJPT ßrTJPm kJKbP~ ßh~Ç
ßrTJPm pUj v» frñ frñJK~f y~, fUj v»Ka TTKu~Jr (Cochlea) ßkKrKuœ
(Perilymph) jJoT FT k´TJr fru \JfL~ K\KjPxr KnfPr KhP~ IKfâo TPr
fru frPñ kKref y~Ç TY&uL nJrL IØMf K\KjxÇ TTKu~J mJ TY&uL Igt vJoMPTr
ßkYS~JuJ K\KjxKaA FA TY&uLÇ TY&uLr xPñ vsme AKªsP~r ˚J~MèPuJ xÄPpJK\f
IJPZ FmÄ ˚J~M ßTJwèPuJ v»PT xrJxKr oVP\ kJKbP~ KhPf ‰f~Jr yP~ gJPTÇ
vP»r nJrxJoq KbT rJUJr \jq I∂”TPet IJPrTKa pπ IJPZÇ IitmO•JTJr KfjKa
jJuL I∂TPet rP~PZÇ FTaáUJKj jzJYzJ ßkPuA G gPur kJKj jPz SPb FmÄ
oK˜ÏVJoL ˚J~Mk´J∂PT ¸vt TPr FmÄ xPñ xPñ UmraJ oJgJ~ kJKbP~ ßh~Ç oV\
fUj ˚J~MPkvLPT nJrxJoq m\J~ rJUPf IJ~•ôJiLj TPr ßh~ FmÄ IJÁptnJPm
ßYJPUr kuPT F TJ\èPuJ x÷m y~Ç FTaJ v» ßvJjJr xPñ xPñ ßYJPUr KjPoPw
FfèPuJ TJ\ x÷m y~ FmÄ ÊiM fJA-jJ oV\ v»aJ ÊiM IjMiJmjA TPr jJ, KmYJr
KmPmYjJ TPrS ßhPU F v»aJ KT nJu jJ oª? xJPkr Kvx, jJ mJPWr cJT, jJ
VJKuÇ ßYJPUr kuPT Ff TJ\ èKZP~ SPb ßp, nJmPfS ImJT uJPVÇ mJAPr ßgPT
FfèPuJ hM„y TJP\r KTZMA IJorJ IjMiJmj TrPf kJKr jJÇ oyJxsÓJr IkNmt uLuJ
48 \Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô
oJjMPwr nJmjJ-KY∂Jr mJAPrÇ fJA∏
TJPjr oJP^ TJjKa kJKf,
ßT ßvJjJ~Pr Khmx-rJKfÇ
ßT ßUKuPZ Kjrm ßUuJ xTu WPr mPx,
muPm TUj SPbJ FUj KyxJm ßhUJS FPxÇ
ßYJPUr ßhUJA KT ßhUJ?
TqJPorJr ofA ßYJU hMPaJ TJ\ TPrÇ ßYJPUr TP~TKa IÄv IJPZÇ ßYJPUr xJoPj
ßlJuJ \J~VJaJPT IPòJh kau (Cornea) mPuÇ IJAKrx IPòJh kaPur KbT ßkZP-
jAÇ FaJ FTaJ yJuTJ gJuJr ofÇ IJAKrx mJ TeLtTJr SkPrA ßYJPUr rÄ Kjntr
TPrÇ KmKnjú rÄ-Fr ßYJU yPf kJPrÇ mJhJoL, jLu, uJuPY, iNxr, Kkñu AfqJKhÇ
TeLtTJr FTaJ ßTªs IJPZÇ FUJPj FTaJ VPftr of rP~PZ TeLtTJr Ikr kJvõat J VÅJ|
uJu IJnJ~ kNeÇt TeLtTJr ßTPªsr FA ßVJuJTJr VftPT ßYJPUr oKj mPu (Pupill)Ç
TfèPuJ ßkvL hM'nJPV xoPmfnJPm oKjr IJTíKfPT Kj~πe TPr gJPTÇ ßmvL
IJPuJPf ßkvLèPuJ oKjPT ßZJa TPr pJPf fLms IJPuJ ßYJPUr ãKf TrPf jJ kJPr
FmÄ K˜Kof IJPuJPf ßkvLèPuJ VftaJPT k´xJKrf TPr pJPf TPr IJPuJ oKjPf ßmvL
dáPT nJu TPr ßhUJr xMPpJV kJ~Ç oKjr KbT ßkZPj ˝ò FmÄ ßZJa gJuJr of FTKa
K\Kjx rP~PZ pJPT krTuJ (Lens) mPuÇ Fr oJ^UJPj kMÀ IJr k´J∂èPuJ yJu&TJÇ
FTaJ ßkvL Fr YJKrKhT ßmÓj TPr IJPZÇ ßkvL ßmÓjL krTuJPT KTZM ßoJaJ IJr
ãáhJs TJr TrPf kJPr pJPf KjTPar m˜áPT mz ßhUJ pJ~Ç ßkvLKa IJmJr KvKgu yPu
hNPr m˜áPT IKiT ¸Ó TPr ßhUJ pJ~Ç FPTJ~Jx KyCor (Aqeous humor) jJPo FT
k´TJr kJKj \JfL~ khJgt rP~PZ IPòJhka S krTuJr oiqmfLt ˙JPjÇ KnaKr~Jx
KyCor (Vetreous humor) jJoT jro ß\uL \JfL~ khJgt KhP~ ßYJPUr ImKvÓJÄv nKft
yP~ IJPZÇ
ßYJPUr ßkZj KhPT rP~PZ IJr FTKa IØMf K\Kjx, pJPT ßrKajJ (Retena) muJ y~Ç
FA ßrKajJ mJ IKãka FTaJ kJfuJ K^Kuä mJ khtJr ofÇ Fr xPñ \MPz IJPZ IJPuJr
¸vtTJfr ˚J~MkJ´ ∂Ç hM'rTPor ˚J~MkJ´ ∂ rP~PZÇ FTKa ßoJYJr of, IjqKa ßhUPf k´J~
rPcr of, rc mJ h§Ka I· IJPuJr k´Kf ŒvtTJfrÇ ßoJYJèPuJr xJyJPpqA IJorJ KmKmi
rÄ ßhUPf kJAÇ ßujx mJ krTuJ TqJPorJr ßuj&Pxr of ZKm iPrÇ fJrkr ßx ZKmKaPT
IKãka mJ ßrKajJ~ k´KflKuf TPrÇ h¥ S ßoJYJ ˚J~Mfπ ßmP~ FA k´KflKuf ZKm
oVP\ KVP~ SPb Frkr IJorJ ßhUPf kJAÇ TgJaJ nJmmJr ofÇ k´gPo IJoJPhr ßYJPU
ßTJj m˜ár ZKm kzPu SaJr ZKm KT∂á CPfiJ yP~ IJoJPhr ßYJPU yJK\r y~, kPr
ßrKajJ ßgPT h¥ S ßoJYJ KhP~ oVP\ ßxJ\J S ˝JnJKmT yP~A oJgJ~ KVP~ irJ kPzÇ
\Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô 49
ßYJPUr oKjKa Ifq∂ ãáhs FTKa IJ~jJr ofÇ FA Ff ßZJa IJ~jJ~ Ff mz IJTJv,
Ff mz maVJZ, VVjYM’L I¢JKuTJ ßToj TPr bÅJA y~? ßToj TPr Ff hNPrr xNp,t
j'ßTJKa 30 uã oJAu hNPrr xNpt FmÄ hMKj~Jr ßYP~ ßfr uã èe mz xNpt ßToj TPr
FTaá oKjr KnfPr \J~VJ y~Ç xo˜ ˚J~Mf∂á (Optic Nerve) ßYJPUr KhPT KhP~ IKãkPa
k´Pmv TPr IuPãq ßYJPUr TJ\ TPr pJPòÇ FAUJPj rP~PZ FTaJ mäJA¥ ¸amJ IºTJr
o¥u pJ IJPuJr IJiJr mPa, kPrJã nJPmÇ fJA∏
ßZJ¢ FTKa ßYJPUr fJrJ~ xTu irJ irJ kPz,
IJrS KTZM ßpf ßhUJ, ßhUPf pKh uãq TPrÇ
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yPuS nJmmJr of IPjT rP~PZ FPfÇ ßhUJ ßToj, ßhUJ ßhUPf ßTj Foj mJ Ioj
ßhUJ~Ç ßhUJr KnfPr FTaJ ßhUJ ßgPT pJ~ pKh ßTC nJu TPr ßhUPf \JPjÇ kJfJ
mJyJPrr FTKa rÄ KZaJPjJ rKñj kJfJ, ßVJuJPkr Cöôu oMUUJKj, ßhJuj YJkJr
xMrKnoK¥f jLrm yJKx, VºrJP\r ßkum kJkKz, k´\JkKfr kJUJ nrJ Iuãq fáKur
ßTJou IJYz, ÊÃJ pJKojLr Kk~Ju vJUJr kJfJr ootJr ±Kj, KmvõnrJ oyJQmKY©qo~
KY© TuJr ZJk, mwte oMUr IJTJvnrJ ßoWJkäf M KmhMq“ ZaJ, o~NPrr kJUJ nrJ KjkMe
Kv·Lr jLrm è†re, xmJr SkPr FT\j „kxL jJrLr jLrm YJyKj nrJ IÅJKUfJrJ IJr
Vbj-VJbj Fxm KT ÊiM ßYJPUr ßhUJA ßhUJ? FA ßhUJr KnfPr IJr KT ßTJj ßhUJ
ßjA? fJAf muJ y~, ßhUJ KT ÊiM ßhPUA ßvw y~, ßhUJr xPñ nJmJKmÓ oj KovPu
fPm jJ ßx ßhUJ ßhUPf ßhUJr of y~Ç
KpKj ßhUJr \jq ßYJU xOKÓ TPrPZj, KfKj mPuj, KhP~KZ ßfJoJPhr YãáxoNy pKh fJ
ßoPu ßhU, ßhUPm IJoJPT ßToj TPr ßhUPf kJSÇ KfKj IJrS mPuj, TfAjJ
Kjhvtj rP~PZ IJTJPv, kOKgmLPf pJ ßhPU nJmjJ k´me ùJjL ßuJPTrJ IJoJPT CkuK…
TrPf kJPrÇ fJ mPu oN| pJrJ, Táko¥MT FTèP~, pJrJ ùJjJº KmoN|, ˝· ùJjL, ãáPh
KY∂JvLu FmÄ Iº fJKTtT, fJrJ ßTJj KhjS IJoJr Kjhvtj, IJKo ßp nJPm ßhUPf
mPuKZ, fJ CkuK… TrPf kJrPm jJ, KjP\PT IºTJPrr Imè£Pj IJzJu TPr rJU-
PmÇ fJA KfKj mPuPZj, ÍI\J~Ju jJu uJAuJ KumJxJ" (IJu Tár'IJj) IgtJ“ KjrJuJ
KjvLPg IºTJPrr kKròPh Kjníf yP~ IJoJr TJPZ FxÇ ßfJoJr xJPg IJKo IJuJk
TrPmJÇ fáKo muPm, IJKo ÊjPmJÇ IJKo mum, fáKo ÊjPmÇ
oj fáKo \Jj, IJKo \JKj
IJr ßTy jJKy \JPjÇ
50 \Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô
xsÓJr IkNmt ßTRvu-ß\JzJ~ ß\JzJ~
oJjm ßhPy yJz jJ gJTPu hÅJzJj, CbJ, mxJ, yÅJaJ, ßmJ^J myj, jzJYzJ TrJ
AfqJKh KTZMA x÷m yf jJÇ oJjm ßhPyr yJzèPuJ YuJ, Foj IkNmt TJ~hJ~ FmÄ
Ff mMK≠o•J S kJK§Pfqr xPñ oJgJ UJKaP~ xOKÓ TrJ yP~PZ ßp, KmùJjLrJ Fr Vbj
S TJptJmuL ßhPU yfmJT yP~ ßVPZjÇ k´J~ 206 UJjJ KmKnjú irPjr yJz rP~PZ
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ßTJjKa ZM'YJPuJÇ IJrS k´J~ KmvKa yJz rP~PZ, fJPhr KbT yJz muJ YPu jJÇ
FèPuJ KxxJPoJAc (Sisamoid) IK˙Ç ßpoj∏ yÅJaár dJTjJ (Patella)Ç yÅJaá pJPf
˙JjYMqf jJ y~, jzJYzJ mJ CbJ mxJr xo~ ßx\jq F dJTjJKa yÅJaáPT
K˙Kf˙JkTnJPm rãJ TPrÇ oJfíVPnt KvÊ gJTJTJuLj vrLr mOK≠r xo~ T£JK˙
yJzKa k´gPo xOKÓ y~Ç CkJK˙r IJTJPr oJP~r VPnt k´go yJz xOKÓ ÊÀ y~Ç
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lÅJkJ S yuPh of oöJ~kNetÇ YJozJr jLPY yJPzr xPñ uJVJ ßVJv&Pfr vÜ ßkvL
IJPZÇ FèPuJ yJzPT FPa ßrPUPZÇ
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F yJzèPuJ Knjú irPjrÇ FèPuJ YqJkaJ S mJTJPjJÇ FèPuJ hM'kJv ßmv o\mMfÇ
Fr KnfPr ¸P†r of yJzS IJPZÇ yJzèPuJ IØMfnJPm ß\JzJ uJVJPjJ IJPZÇ
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IØMf vKÜ FA KkKòu kJKj \JfL~ T«JrÇ FT\j TáKu hM'oe S\Pjr K\Kjx
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ßmvLÇ xJPz Kfj yJf FTaJ ßhPy 12 yJ\Jr oJAu Km˜Of Ff mz FTaJ KmvJu u’J
fJr ßToj TPr IJÅKaP~ rJUJ yP~PZ, fJrJ KmùJjLrJ ßnPm oJgJ jf TPrPZjÇ
\Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô 59
oJjMPwr võJxjJuLr ßnfPr rP~PZ k´J~ hM'PvJ ßTJKa mJ~Mkg FmÄ k´KfKa kPgr
ßvPw FTKa TPr mJ~MgPu rP~PZ FrJ KhP~ ZÅJTKjr of Kj”võJxPT ßZÅPT rPÜ
KoKvP~ oJjMPwr \Lmj k´Kf oMyëPft K\AP~ rJPUÇ IºTJr Vnt-TmPr Ff ZÅJTKj
ßToj TPr xOKÓ y~ KmùJjLrJ Fr \mJm KhPf kJPrjKjÇ k´KfKa KTcKjPf rP~PZ
k´J~ hv uã fJPrr of oM© V´K∫Ç KTc&Kj mJ mOPÑr ßoJa \JuPTr xÄUqJ rP~PZ
k´J~ Kmv uãÇ ßhPyr xŒNet rÜA KTZMãe krkr mOÑ KhP~ pJ~ FmÄ fJPT ßT
ßvUJu ßhPyr xŒNet rPÜr rJxJ~KjT nJrxJoq Ff xMÔánJPm Kj~πe TrPf! mOÑ jJ
gJTPu ßhPy y~f rPÜr kJjL~ nJV oJ©JKfKrÜ yP~ oJjMwaJ láPu ßdJu yP~ oPr
ßpfÇ F Kmkh ßgPT oJjMwPT rãJ TrJr \jq KTcKjPT F mMK≠ ßT Khu? ßT Khu
FA oJgJyLj, ùJjyLj, IPmJi pπKaPT Ff pJYJA-mJZJA TPr ßhPyr fru khJPgtr
nJrxJoq rãJ TrJr ãofJ? fJA KTc&jLr xsÓJ mPuj, ÍIJlJuJ fJ'ßTuMj" IgtJ“
ßfJoJr oJgJ~ KT ÊiM pMKÜA iPr, IJr ßTJj ùJjA KT iPr jJ?
oJjMPwr oV\ ßp KTnJPm TJ\ TPr ßTJj KmùJjL IJ\S fJ xKbT TPr muPf
kJPrjKjÇ oVP\r Knfr FéPY† ßx≤JraJ Ff mz ßp, FTvf FT fuJ mJzLr
Z'Ka mJzLr xoJj FmÄ pπkJKfr S\j TP~T vf ajÇ Ff mz FTaJ KmkMuJ~fj
IKlx oJgJr oVP\r FTPTJPe, iÀe FT AKû \J~VJ~ IJaPT IJPZÇ FaJ ßToj
TPr x÷m, T·jJ TrPfS ImJT uJPVÇ KmùJjLrJ mPuPZj, oV\ ßp KTnJPm TJ\
TPr ßTC ßTJjKhj muPf kJPrKj FmÄ nKmwqPfS y~f kJrPm jJÇ
IJr FT IØMf pπ-jJKxTJ
jJKxTJ IJr FT IØMf pπÇ jJxJrPº∑r KnfPr ßTJgJ~ FTaáUJKj ßVJP˜r ßZJk uMKTP~
IJPZ, Ff yJ\Jr rTPor xMVº, hMVº
t PT Ya& TPr iPr ßlPuÇ ßYJPU pJ irJ kPz jJ,
jJT ßx Iuãq K\KjPwr Umr KhPf kJPrÇ FTKhj TJbJuL YÅJkJ VJPZr jLPY mPx xMVº
ßkuJoÇ YJKrKhPT TfA fJTJfJKT TruJo, ßTJj láu ßhUPf ßkuJo jJ KT∂á jJPT WsJe
IJxPfA gJTuÇ FPf KjKÁfnJPm mM^uJo, FTaJ láu láPa ßTJgJS IJ®PVJkj TPr
IJPZÇ
ßuJPT mPu hÅJf gJTPf hÅJPfr oNuq ßmJ^J pJ~ jJÇ KbT ßfoKj jJT gJTPf jJPTr
oot ßmJ^J pJ~ jJ, pKh jJPT xKht jJ iPrÇ xKht yPu mJ xKhtPf jJT nKft yPu ßUPf mPx
oJPZr oJgJ KYmJPjJr xo~ oPj y~ FTU¥ uJTKz KYPmJKò, jJ WJx UJKòÇ fUj jJT
KT KZu fJ mM^J pJ~Ç FoKjnJPm “Kk¥, láxláx, KTc&Kj, oV\ AfqJKh ßp ßTJj Iñ
KmTíf yPuA jJ fJPhr oNuq KbT ßmJ^J ßpf! FA oMyPë ft IJkjJr ßmÅPY gJTPf FmÄ FA
mAUJjJ kzPf IJkjJr ßhPyr KnfPr ßp TotTJ¥ yPò fJ nJmPfS KY∂J~ oJgJ KmPnJr
yP~ SPbÇ
60 \Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô
xmJr SkPr FTKa nJmmJr TgJ yPò, oJjMw KjvõJPxr SkPrA ßmÅPY gJPTÇ KjvõJx
KhP~ IKéP\j ßdJPT FmÄ ßxaJ láxláx ßZPT rPÜ KoKvP~ ßh~Ç F TJrPe rÜ \oJa
mJPi jJ, rÜ TKjTJèPuJ YuoJj gJPT FmÄ ßhPyr rPº∑r rPºsr k´Pmv TPrÇ ßYJU, oMU,
jJT, TJj, käLyJ, oJgJ, “Kk¥, ßk´o-nJumJxJ, mz xJPym, ßZJa xJPym, KmKm xJPymJ
AfqJKh xmJAPT Totão rJPU FmÄ FnJPm IKlx IJhJuf, VOy˙JuL, Wr-xÄxJr fJ\J
gJPTÇ KjvõJxA oJjMPwr \Lmj iJrPer k´iJj CkTre, FPT k´iJj UJhqS muJ YPuÇ
IJkjJr mJzLPf jfáj IJ®L~ FPxPZj, nJu UJmJr hJmJr UJAP~ hM'KoKja bJ¢J TPr fJr
jJTaJ FÅPa iPr rJUMjÇ ßhUPmj, ßkJuJS ßTJotJ pJ UJAP~KZPuj, ßTJgJ~ pJ~Ç
FUj nJmmJr TgJ yPò, F KjvõJPxr mJzL ßTJgJ~, ßTJgJ ßgPT Fr mMKj~Jh xOKÓ y~Ç
rÜkJ~L mJhMPzr Kj˜… yJoJèKzr of KjvõJx KnfPr IJPx, IJmJr k´vJõ x yP~ ßmKrP~
pJ~Ç FoKj pJS~J IJxJr Knfr KhP~A FTKhj oJjm \LmPj KmhJP~r TJuxºqJ WKjP~
IJxPmÇ
UÅJYJr oJP^ IKYj kJKU
ßToPj IJPx pJ~Ç
ÊjPf IKmvõJxq yPuS
ÊjPf IKmvõJxq yPuS FaJ Ifq∂ jVú xfq TgJ ßp, IJorJ ßTJj xoP~A
IJoJPhr TJPZ gJKTPj, TKm mPuPZj∏
oJjMPwPr ßT rJKUPf kJPr
IJTJPvr k´Kf fJrJ cJKTPZ fJyJPrÇ
Kj”võJPxr mJzL ßTJgJ~ muPf ßVPu ß\qJKfwvJP˘r FT ßlJaJ IJPuJYjJ TrPf
y~Ç hMKj~Jr ßYP~ ßfr uã èe mz yPò xNptÇ k´J~ j'ßTJKa KfKrv uã oJAu hNPr
ßgPT xNptaJ oJKar kOOKgmLPf IJPuJr ßrUJkJf TPrÇ mJrPvJ ßgPT kPjr vf
ßxuKx~Jx fJPk ßuJyJ VPuÇ ßwJu vf ßgPT IJbJr vf ßxuKx~Jx fJk xOKÓ yPu
kJTJ ßuJyJ VKuP~ kJKj TPr ßh~J pJ~Ç xNPptr vrLPr fJkoJ©J rP~PZ YJr ßTJKa
ßxuKx~JxÇ ßTJj ßTJj KmùJjL mPuPZj, hM'PTJKa ßxuKx~JxÇ FA k´Y¥ fJPk
xNPptr yJAPcsJP\j khJgtèPuJ kMPz xNpt KbT Ijmrf k´öuqoJj rP~PZÇ k´Kf
ßxPTP¥ xNPptr IJèj P\ôPu KbT rJUPf 40 uã aj khJgtkM† \ôPu ßvw yP~ pJ~Ç
xNPptr VJP~ k´Kf mVtAKûPf YJk rP~PZ IJa ßTJKa oeÇ k´Kf mVtAKûPf FA Ixyq
fJk IJr nLwe YJPkr ßYJPa xNPptr KnfPr kroJeN (Atom) èPuJ ßlPa kzPZ FmÄ
FT yJ\Jr V´Jo yJAPcsJP\j kMPz 992 V´Jo KyKu~Jo xOKÓ y~Ç mJTL IJa V´Jo UMPr
pJS~J yJAPcsJP\j KTCvj k´Kâ~J~ k´Y¥ fJk S IJPuJr Kmòáre xNpt ßgPT KbTPr
ßmKrP~ YJKrKhPT ZKzP~ pJPò FmÄ oJKar kOKgmLPf IKf xJoJjq IJPuJ IJr fJk
\Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô 61
FPx kzPZÇ ÊjPu ImJT yPf y~, xNPptr xŒNet IJPuJ IJr fJkPT pKh IJbJr
ßTJKa aJTJ kKroJe oPj TrJ y~, fPm oJKar hMKj~J~ oJ© j'aJTJ kKroJe IJPuJ
IJr fJk FPx kPzÇ IJr mJh mJTL xm Ijq KhPT ZKzP~ pJ~Ç
xNPptr KnfPr Ijmrf oyJ k´Y¥ KmPÒJre WaPZ FmÄ fJr TJrPe ßxRrKmPvõ \
Lm\∂á VJZkJuJ AfqJKh ßmÅPY IJPZÇ xNPptr IJPuJ oJKar kOKgmLPf pUj kPz, fUj
VJZkJuJr vJUJ~-vJUJ~ kJfJ~-kJfJ~ jfáj \LmPjr xûJre ÊÀ y~Ç kJfJ
xNptJPuJT ßgPT UJhq xÄV´ TPr FTaJ võJx ZJPz, FA võJPxr jJoA yPò IKéP\jÇ
SKhPT VJZPT \Lm∂ rJUPf fJr ßVJzJ~ kJKj xûJr TrPf y~Ç fJ x÷m y~ jLrPm
jLrPmÇ xNPptr KTre xJVPrr kJKjr SkPr kPz, SPT C•¬ TPr mJ TPr ßh~Ç
IJmJr xNPptr fJPk mJfJx Cua-kJua y~ FmÄ FA yJ‹J mJèPuJPT mJfJx ÊPw
IJTJPv CKbP~ ßj~Ç ßxUJPj ‰vPfqr (Humidity) ˜Pr mJèPuJ \Po ßoPWr
IJTJr iJre TPr FmÄ kOKgmLr IJTJPv mwte oMUr yP~ SPbÇ mOKÓ y~ FmÄ VJZkJuJ
k´Je kJ~Ç FA \Lm∂ VJZkJuJ KjvõJx ZJPz, ßpaJ IKéP\j yP~ IJmyJS~Jr xPñ
KoPv \Lm \∂ár FmÄ oJjMPwr jJKxTJ rPº∑r KjvõJPxr xJPg láxláPxr mJ~MgPu KVP~
ßZÅPT rPÜ KoPv rÜPT fru gJTJ~ xJyJpq TPr, IjqJjq rJxJ~KjT Kâ~J TPr
FmÄ rÜ fru gJTJr TJrPe “KkP¥r YJrKa ßTJbJ~ nJu&Pmr oJiqPo IjJ~JPx
pJfJ~Jf TPr, “Kk¥PT KbT rJPUÇ Â“Kk¥ KbT gJTJr oJPj xÄPãPk \Lmj ßmÅPY
gJTJÇ pKh IKéP\j ßhPy jJ dáTPfJ, fPm rÜ \oJa ßmÅPi ßpf, “KkP¥r Kâ~J
xPñ xPñ mº yP~ ßpfÇ vNjq uJVf F ireL fu, Kk´~\Pjr ßYJPUr Ivs∆Pf ßnPx
hNr iJPo bÅJA KjPf yfÇ
FA\jq mPuKZuJo IJorJ ßTJj xo~A IJoJPhr TJPZ gJKTPj, k´KfKa oJjMw
j'ßTJKa KfKrv uã oJAu SkPr xNPptr VJP~ ^áPu IJPZÇ IJkjJr TgJ, nJPu-
JmJxJ, hOKÓ, h˜Uf, khYJreJ, jzJYzJ-FT TgJ~ xŒNet \LmjaJA j'ßTJKa
K©v uã oJAu vNjq ßgPT ßjPo IJxPZÇ fJA oyJj IJuäJy& mPuj, ÍxNpt FmÄ
YªsPT ßfJoJPhrA oñPur \jq xOKÓ TPrKZÇ fmM KT ßfJorJ IJoJPT ßhJwJPrJk
TrPm? IJoJPT IKmvõJx TrPm?"
62 \Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô
IPjPTA F oJrJ®T náPu ßnJPV
IPjPTrA iJreJ-xsÓJ IxLo IJr oJjMw xxLoÇ IxLPor xPñ xxLPor fgJ oJjM-
Pwr xPñ IJuäJy&r KT ßpJVxN© ˙Jkj x÷m? oJjMw KT IJuäJy&PT irPf kJPr? IJuäJy&
yPòj IhOvq (Invisible), oJjMw hOvqoJj (Visible)Ç pJPT ßhUJ pJ~ jJ, ßZÅJ~J pJ~
jJ,fJPT ßToj TPr irJ pJ~? xy\ TgJ~ VJP~m mJ IhOvq KTZMPTA irJ x÷m j~Ç
TgJaJ ÊjPf xy\ ßvJjJ~ FmÄ pMKÜPfS UJPaÇ KT∂á FTaá VnLrnJPm IjMiJmj
TrPu ßhUJ pJPm ßp, FA iJreJ IJxPu xfq j~, IuLTÇ oJjmPhy FmÄ fJr IÄV-
k´fqÄPVr VbjJmuL Foj KmKY© FmÄ IJÁpt ßp, oJjMw ÆJrJ IPjT IxJiq xJij y~,
pKh ßx ßYÓJ TrJr of ßYÓJ TPrÇ
IJorJ pJ ßhKUPj, fJAPfJ IJorJ irPf kJKrPjÇ FA iJreJKa KbT j~Ç Foj
IPjT K\Kjx IJPZ, pJ IJorJ ßhKUPj IgY IJumf irPf kJKrÇ ßTjjJ IJoJPhr
irJr of ßxA pπ IJPZÇ ßpoj∏ láPur WsJe mJ~MPf hMVtº-xMVº ßTCA IJorJ
ßhKUPjÇ ßp ßTJj VºA VJP~m (Invisible), ßhUJ pJ~ jJÇ KT∂á jJKxTJr ßnfPr
Foj FTaJ pπ IJPZ, pJ KhP~ IJorJ F VJP~m iPr ßluPf kJKrÇ IJPVA mPuKZ
TJbJuL YÅJkJ ßhUuJo jJ KT∂á jJT fJPT iPr KhuÇ IjM„knJPm v» FTaJ IPhUJ
K\Kjx, TJj fJPT irPf kJPrÇ ‰vfq mJ bJ¥J IhOvq mJ VJP~m, ßhPyr fôT fJPT
KjUÅMfnJPm iPr, v» pJ VJP~m fJ iPr TJPjÇ KT∂á VJP~Pmr oPiq VJP~m yPò ßTJj
v» mJ TgJ~ pKh ßTJj VJKu mJ CP•\jJo~ ßTJj KTZM gJPTÇ vP»r oPiq VJKu
yPò IJrS VJP~m pJ irmJr IJr FTKa pπ rP~PZ oV\Ç n~ FTaJ VJP~m, FA
VJP~m irJr FTaJ pπ oPjr ßTJgJ~ uMKTP~ IJPZÇ FoKjnJPm FfèPuJ VJP~m
irJr pπ KpKj F ßhPy xOKÓ TPrPZj KfKj FPTmJPr oJjMPwr jJVJPur KnfPr FPx
ßWJweJ TPrPZj, ÍS~J Kl IJj láKxTáo IJlJuJ fámKZÀj"- (IJu-Tár'IJj) IJKo
ßfJoJr oPiq IJKZ fmM fáKo IJoJPT ßhUPm jJ? KfKj IJrS mPuj, ÍS~J jJy&jM
IJTrJmM AuJAKy Koj yJm&Kuu S~JKrh"∏ (IJu-Tár'IJj) IgtJ“ IJKo ßfJoJr
ßoÀröMr, \LmjKvrJr ßYP~S KjTPa IJKZ, fmM fáKo IJoJPT ImPuJTj TrPu jJ?
KpKj oJjm ßhPy FfèPuJ VJP~m irJr pπ xOKÓ TPrPZj, KfKj KT fJPT irJr
ßTJjA pπ xOKÓ TrPf kJPrjKj?
KfKj VJP~m xfq KT∂á fJPT irJr FTKa IØMf pπ KfKj oJjMPwr oPiq KhP~PZjÇ
\Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô 63
IJPVA ßhUJPjJ yP~PZ ßp, ßhPyr mÉ pPπr ryxq KmùJjLrJ IJ\S IJKmÏJr TrPf
kJPrjKjÇ KbT FoKj FTKa ryxqkNet hMPmtJiq pπ rP~PZ ßhPy, fJr jJo ÈTôu&m'Ç
jJT KhP~ ßpoj xMVº irJ pJ~, TJj KhP~ v» irJ pJ~, ßhy KjP~ vLfufJ,
CÌfJ IjMnm TrJ pJ~, Tôu&m KhP~ ßfoj IJuäJy&PTS irJ pJ~Ç jJPT ßpoj
xKht IJaTJPu láPur WsJPe hMVtº IJPx, TJj mKir gJTPu ßpoj ßx ßTJj v»
ÊjPf kJ~ jJ, fJ mPu jJPT WsJe irPf kJPr F TgJ ßp I˝LTJr TPr ßx FTaJ
ßmTám ZJzJ KTZMA j~Ç Hwi ßUP~ jJT xJl yPu jJT jJPTr TJ\ TPrA, oJPj
VJP~Pmr Vº iPrAÇ FojA Tôu&m pJPhr IºTJrJòjú, Tôu&Pm o~uJ IJa&PT
oKrYJ irPZ, fJrJ Iº pMKÜ TPrA pJ~ FmÄ IJuäJy&r xJPg ßpJVxN© yS~JaJPT
I˝LTJr TPrÇ IJxu TgJ y'u xm K\Kjx xmJA ßmJP^ jJ, oJPj jJ, F ÊiM
ùJPjr UmtfJr \jqA y~Ç
ßTC muPf kJPr, Tôu&m ßp IJuäJy&r of FTaJ VJP~m irPf kJPr, fJr k´oJe
KT? ßTJj ßTJj K\Kjx IJPZ pJ fJ“ãKeTnJPm k´oJe TrJ x÷m j~Ç ßpoj∏
kMÀPwr oPiq ÊâPTJw mJ TLa gJPT pJ ßgPT x∂Jj C“kJhj y~Ç KvÊ Im˙J~ F
vKÜaJ xM¬ Im˙J~ gJPTÇ UJhq ßUP~ võJx-k´võJx ßluPf ßluPf, k´TíKf IJPuJ
yJS~J~ mZPrr kr mZr iPr xoP~r mqmiJPj FA kMÀwfô vKÜ âPo âPo oJgJ
YJzJ KhP~ SPbÇ \JV´f y~ fJr xM¬ vKÜ ãofJ, ßk´o-k´LKf FmÄ KouPjr xojõP~
CPjìJKYf y~ xM¬ vKÜr Imè£j, ßx x∂JPjr KkfJ y~Ç jJrL KvÊ FTKhj x∂JPjr
oJ yP~ SPbÇ FTaJ jJrL KvÊ YJr uã Kc’PTJw oJPj x∂Jj iJrPer of CkpMÜ
yP~A \jìV´ye TPrÇ KT∂á G jJrL KvÊ KT xhq\JfJ Im˙J~ Vnt ßgPT kPzA ßTJj
x∂Jj iJre TrPf kJPr? pKh ßTC mPu, FA xhq\JfJ ßoP~Ka ßp x∂Jj iJre
TrPf kJPr, FTgJ FUj k´oJe TPr ßhUJSÇ F irPer TgJ ßp mPu, ßxKT KmPmT
KmPmYjJ TPr TgJaJ muu? xm ßãP© FãáKe ßhUJSÇ FTaJ k´go ßvseL ZJ©PT Fo,
F, kJv TKrP~ ßhUJSÇ TJre ÛáPu nKft yPuA ßfJ ßx âPo Km, F; Fo, F, kJv
TPrÇ F rTo xmtPãP© pJrJ nJmjJ-KY∂J jJ TPr TgJ mPu, fJPhr Im˙JaJ
ßThJrLr ofÇ
ßThJrL jJPo FT\j UMm xru FmÄ mMÆM KTKxPor ßuJT KZuÇ fJr KmP~r fJKrU
WKjP~ FPu ßx \MPfJ KTjPf ßVuÇ KT∂á hv j’Prr \MPfJ mÉ ßUÅJ\J-UÅMK\r kr
FT ß\JzJ kJS~J ßVuÇ fJA k'Pr oMrJxJ oJgJ~ KhP~ ßx KmP~ mJzLPf KVP~ KmP~
TruÇ krKhj KmhJP~r kJuJÇ kJ©LPT fJr xPñ pUj CKbP~ ßh~J yu, ßx FKhT
ßxKhT fJTJ~Ç KmKmr xJoPj ßkZPj fJTJ~Ç ßuJPT fJPT K\Pùx TPr, FKhT
SKhT fJTJS, yJa, IJmJr hÅJKzP~ nJm KT? ßThJrL V÷Lr yP~ C•r Khu, ßfJorJ
64 \Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô
KT mM^? ßZPu TA? xmJA K\Pùx Tru TJr ßZPu? ßThJrL C•r Khu, ßTj, IJoJr
ßZPu, FA ßp TJu rJPf KmP~ TruJo! xmJA muPuJ F KT x÷m? ßThJrL hM”KUf
yP~ C•r Khu, yJ~ TkJu, IJoJr nJPVqA IJxPu ßZPu ßjAÇ jAPu TgJaJ KT
oJjMPwr KoPgq mPu, KmP~ TrPu ßZPuPkPu y~Ç KT∂á IJKo Tf IJvJ~ KmP~
TruJo, IJoJr ßfJ ßZPu yu jJÇ
xoJP\ FT ßvseLr ßuJT IJPZ pJPhr Im˙J ßThJrLr ofÇ fJ“ãKeTnJPm xm
K\Kjx mM^Pf YJ~ FmÄ xmtPãP© KjP\r oPjr KY∂J FmÄ mM^PTA xJr oPj TPr
FmÄ KjP\r xLKof ùJPjr SkPr KmvõJx TPr Foj ßVÅJ iPr gJPT ßp, vf pMKÜ
KhP~S fJr Iº KmvõJxPT CfiJPjJ pJ~ jJÇ ßx ÊiM fJr ùJjPT FmÄ pMKÜPTA fJr
k´ná mJKjP~ KhP~PZÇ fJr jl&x mJ oj fJPT pJ mPu ßx fJA TPrÇ pJ yPf
kJrPfJ, fJ ßTJj KhjA fJr TkJPu y~ jJÇ ßx YPªs ÊiM TuÄT ßhPU, IJPuJ ßhPU
jJ, ßx \zmJhL, fJr KY∂JrA \z mJ KvTz ßjAÇ KmvõJxL oj KjÕVJoL, jLYMÇ jLYM
\J~VJ~A kJKj \PoÇ ßaÄVPrr KauJ~ kJKj \'Po Cmtr y~ jJ, mOKÓPf ßx KauJ KhPj
KhPj ãP~ CYJaj y~Ç KYrTJu ÊÏ S UJzJ gJPT, lPu-láPu ßTJj Khj ßvJKnf
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S jro mJKuPv ßvJ~J UMm ãKfTrÇ jro KmZJjJ~ ÊPu vrLr KvKgu yP~
pJ~Ç ‰hKjT 8 W≤J WMoJPu k´J¬ m~ÛPhr vrLr FPTmJPrA KduJ yP~ pJPmÇ
ßTJoz mqgJr k´iJj TJre ßmvL WMoJjÇ ßmvL WMoJPu ÂhKk§ hMmtu y~Ç
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15Ç ßYÅKYP~ TgJ muJ ˝JP˙qr kPã yJKjTrÇ IpgJ TgJ muPu IJoujJoJ nJrL
y~, ßVJjJy y~Ç ßYÅKYP~ TgJ muJ oJjMw ßgPT xJmiJj gJTPf y~, TJre ßx
nhs j~∏ FTgJ ßuJToJj yJKTo mPuPZjÇ
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y~ jJÇ Kmvõ KmUqJf ßyKTo ßmJTrJf FTgJ mPuPZjÇ
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TrJ FTaJ mz mqJKiÇ
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F TgJ mPujÇ bJ¥J uJVPu IKmuP’ ßVJZu mº TrPf yPmÇ ßZJa FuJKY,
umñ, IJhJ, mY, TktMr, fáuxL kJfJ FmÄ oiMr TÅJg ßUPu bJ¥J ßhJw Ckvo
y~Ç IxMPUr k´JgKoT Im˙J~A Hwi UJS~J KbT j~Ç
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jJ kJ~Ç
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KhPT jJoJPmjÇ uãq rJUPmj, ÈAuäJuäJy&' ßpj VuJ~ ßgf&KuP~ IJaKTP~ jJ pJ~Ç
IJTJP~Phr oJxIJuJ KjP~ ßmvL ÉuJÉKu TrPmj jJ, fJyPu xmPTr IJxu oot
mM^Pf kJrPmj jJÇ ÊiM IJTJP~hA yJKxu yPm, IJuäJy& yJKxu yPm jJÇ TJrj,
pMKÜPf fJPT kJS~J pJ~ jJ, nKÜ rPx ImVJKyf yP~ fÅJPT kJS~J pJ~Ç Frkr
IJuäJy& IJuäJy&- Z~vfmJr
ÈIJuäJy& IJuäJy&' muJr xo~ TkJu ßgPT jJT mrJmr hOKÓ rJUPmj, FA hOKÓ ßpj
jzJYzJ jJ y~ FmÄ ßU~Ju TrPmj, ÍIJKo IJuäJy&PT ßhPU cJKT, IJuäJy& IJoJr
cJPTr \mJm KhP~ mPuj, mJªJ IJoJPT mMuJS TqJ mJ cJT ßTj?" FA cJPTr \
mJm ÊjJr \jq ßhPur TJj x\JV rJUPmj FmÄ KmvõJx TrPmjÇ yJKhx vrLPl
IJPZ, IJuäJy& kJTPT FTmJr cJT KhPu, IJuäJy& kJT 10 mJr cJPTr \mJm ßhjÇ
kPr 5 mJr h„h vrLl kPz ßoJjJ\Jf TrPmjÇ
CÜ xmPTr fJKZr (Result)
1Ç ß\PTr TrPf TrPf TJjúJ IJPxÇ
2Ç IJuäJy&r jJo ßjS~Jr \jq oPj ChJxLj nJm IJPxÇ
3Ç xMjúPfr fJPmhJrL TrPf oPj AòJ TPrÇ
4Ç vrL~Pfr \jq Tár'mJj yPf oPj YJ~Ç
5Ç TJPuoJ ÈuJ-AuJyJ AuäJuäJy&' jNrJjL jTvJ~ „yJjL j\Pr ßhUJ pJ~Ç
6Ç Tôu&Pmr oPiq ÈAuäJuäJy&r' jNrJjL jTvJ ßhUJ pJ~ FmÄ I∂Prr I∂”˙u
yPf ßT ßpj KjrmKòjú ß\PTr TPr oJ'uMo y~Ç IJr ßTJj ßTJj xo~
oPj y~, IPjT hNr yPf IJuäJy&r K\KTPrr v» I\xs iJrJ~ ßnPx IJPxÇ
7Ç ßTJj ßTJj xo~ K\KTr TrPf TrPf KjP\r IK˜fô yJKrP~ pJ~Ç
\Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô 85
fífL~ xmT
yJm&Px ho
FA xmPT mPx oSPfr ßU~Ju TrJr kr, KÆfL~ xmT mJ jKl FZmJPfr xmPTr
IPitT IJhJ~ TrPmj IgtJ“
uJ-AuJyJ AuäJuäJy&- 100 (FTvf mJr )
AuäJuäJy&- 200 (hMAvf mJr)
IJuäJy& IJuäJy&- 300 (Kfjvf mJr)
fJrkr xmT mº TPr KhP~, YMk TPr mPx UMm ßU~Ju TPr FTaJ ßuJT ore
ßgPT TmPr KjP~ oJKa KhP~ IJxJ kpt∂ pJ pJ WPa KjP\r CkPr UMm ßU~JPu
ßU~JPu KY∂J TrPf gJTPmjÇ k´go xmPT orPer ßp ßU~Ju TrJ yP~PZ, ßxA
xo˜ ßU~Ju TPr UMm VnLrnJPm ojPT mM^JPmj ßp, oj FUj KY∂J TPr ßhU, fáKo
mJzLr CbJPj ßjPo C•r Kv~r yP~ IJZ, FUj ßfJoJPT ßVJxu ßh~J y~, ßT ßT
ßVJxu ßh~ ßU~Ju TrPmj, FUj ßfJoJPT TJlj kKrP~ \JjJ\J KhP~ hM~JPr ÊAP~
rJUJ yP~PZ, ßfJoJr KmKm FUj xJhJ TJkz kPr KmimJ ßmPv jJPTr ßxJjJ, yJPfr
YMÅKz UMPu ßfJoJr iJPr hÅJKzP~ TÅJPh IJr mPu, IJoJ~ fáKo KT KhP~ ßVPu? FUj
ßU~Ju TPrj, IJkjJPT TmPrr KhPT KjP~ pJ~, IJkjJr PZPuPoP~rJ ßkZPj
ßhÅRzJ~ IJr ÈIJæJ IJæJ' mPu TÅJPhÇ Frkr ßU~Ju TrPmj, IJkjJr orPer UJa
KjP~ TmPrr FT kJPv rJUJ yuÇ FUj IJkjJPT TmPr jJoJPjJ yuÇ FUj IJkjJr
x∂Jj IJkjJPT TmPr ßrPU uJKlP~ TmPrr CkPr CbuÇ KTfJPm IJPZ, x∂Jj pUj
KkfJ-oJfJPT TmPr ßrPU CPb IJxPf YJ~, fUj G KkfJoJfJr Ày& x∂JPjr kJP~
\KzP~ iPr TÅJPh IJr mPu, mJmJ IJoJPT FTuJ ßlPu ßpSjJÇ FUj IJkjJr TmPrr
CkPr oJKa ßlPu YJkJ ßh~J yu, xmJA KmhJ~ yP~ ßVuÇ FUj oMjT & Jr jJTLr hM'\j
nLwe hvtj ßlPrv&fJ TmPr yJK\r yu, fJPhr yJPf èötÇ rJxNuMuäJy& (xJ”)
lroJP~PZj, xJrJ hMKj~Jr \ôLj FmÄ oJjMw FTP© ßYÓJ TrPuS FTKa èöMPt T
FTaáS jzJPf kJrPm jJÇ FUj ßlPrvfJ hM'\j èöt CKbP~ IJkjJPT mKxP~
IJkjJr cJj FmÄ mJo TÅJPir KhPT hÅJKzP~ IJkjJPT xS~Ju TrPf Chqf yu,
IJkKj FUj ßU~Ju TrPmj ßp, fJPhr xS~JPur \mJm KhPf jJ kJrPu, FA IºTJr
TmPr èPötr IJWJPf YNe-t KmYNet yP~ pJmÇ IJkKj FUj ojPT mM^JPmj, oj! FA
nLwe IºTJr TmPr FUj ßfJoJr ßT IJPZ, KY∂J Tr! FUj ßfJoJr IJuäJy KmPj
ßTJj mJºm ßjA, FA ßU~JPu IJkKj FUj fxKmy& yJPf KjP~ FThPo pfmJr kJPrj
86 \Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô
IJuäJy&PT Ifq∂ IJTáunJPm cJTPmj FmÄ ho mº TPr Wj Wj TPr muPmj”
IJuäJy& IJuäJy& IJuäJy&...............IJuäJy& - 21 hPo 21 (FTáv) mJr muPmjÇ
muPf muPf ßhUPmj FT hPo TfmJr ÈIJuäJy& IJuäJy&' muPf kJPrjÇ KÆfL~ hPo
k´go hPor ßYP~ IJrS KTZM ÈIJuäJy& IJuäJy&' mJKzP~ muJr ßYÓJ TrPmjÇ FAnJPm
21aJ hPo ÈIJuäJy& IJuäJy&' muPmj, muPf muPf v» mº yP~ pJPm, fmM muJ gJo-
JPmj jJÇ FT hPo ÈIJuäJy& IJuäJy&' pf ßmvL oJ©J~ muPf kJrPmj, xmPT ff ßmvL
fJKZr kJPmjÇ KhPj rJPf hPo hPo ÈIJuäJy& IJuäJy&'r oJ©J mJKzP~ muPf gJTPmj
FmÄ FT hPo ÈIJuäJy& IJuäJy&' muPf muPf FA TJ\Ka ßvw TrPf kJKr KTjJ, mJ
FA VJZ ßgPT G VJZ kpt∂ FT hPo ÈIJuäJy& IJuäJy&' mPu ßyPa ßpPf kJKr KT jJ,
ßU~Ju TrPmj xmPTr xo~ FojnJPm IJuäJy& muPmj, ßpj oMjTJr jJTLr IJkjJPT
k´vú TrJr xo~ jJ kJ~ FmÄ ÈIJuäJy& IJuäJy&' muJ ßpj oMyPë ftr \jq mº jJ y~,
IJuäJy&PT cJTPf cJTPf ßpj KT~Jof \JrL yP~ pJ~Ç
CÜ xmPTr fJKZr (Result)
✼ ß\PTr TrPf TrPf ßTJj xo~ ßhUPmj, WMo yPf \JV´f yPuS IJkjJr K\
øJ IJkjJr IKjòJ xP•ôS FTJ FTJ jzJYzJ TPr IJuäJy&r K\KTPr rf IJPZÇ
✼ ßU~Ju TrPu IJuäJy&r xTu xOÓ m˜á ßgPT IJuäJy& K\KTr ¸Ó ÊjPf kJPmjÇ
KmKmPT UJZ khtJ TPr FmÄ xMjúKf ßumJx KjP~ FA K\KTr ßmvL oJ©J~ TrPu,
ßhPyr ZK©v ßTJKa kvPor ßVJzJ KhP~ IJuäJy&r K\KTr ßmr yPf gJTPm,
IJPUrJf FmÄ TmPrr IºTJPrr TgJ k´JPe xhJ \JV´f gJTPmÇ FA xmPT
ßnfPrr yJuJf ßTJj ßTJj xo~ FrTo yPm, ßhUPmj, jJnL yPf ßhPyr
CkPrr IÄv ßTJKa ßTJKa oJAu C±tPhPv CPb KVP~PZÇ jJnLr KjPYr IÄvaáTá
\KoPj kPz IJPZÇ IJrS IjqJjq yJuf yPm, ßpèPuJ metjJ TrJ KjPwiÇ
F xmTèPuJr kPr IJrS xPfrKa xmT rP~PZÇ ßpèPuJ TrPu oJjMPwr KT ßp
yJuf y~ FmÄ IJuäJy&r xPñ ßp KT rTo VnLr x’º ˙JKkf y~, fJ mA kM˜PT
KuPU ßoJPaA k´TJv TrJ pJPm jJÇ
Km” hs” xmPTr IiqJP~ ßp xmT KuUJ yP~PZ, fJ ßgPT k´go xmT TrJr
FpJpf KhuJoÇ FA xmT TrPf TrPf pKh TJPrJ ßYJPU kJKj IJPx FmÄ Khu
kKrmftj y~, fJyPu F ßVJuJPor VrLmJuP~ ßpJVJPpJV TPr FuPo oJ'ßrlPfr
CkPrr ßj~JoPfr xmT ßjPmjÇ
\Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô 87
✪ oJKjTV† hrmJr vrLPl k´Kf mJÄuJ oJPxr ßvw mOy¸KfmJr oJKxT oJy&Klu
IjMKÔf y~ S Fu&Po oJ'PrlPfr KvãJ ßh~J y~Ç
✪ mZPr hM'mJr FuPo oJ'PrlPfr AxuJoL oyJxPÿuj IjMKÔf y~Ç 5, 6, 7
IV´yJ~e S 10, 11, 12A lJ›MjÇ (k´P~J\Pj fJKrU kKrmftj TrJ y~)Ç
✪ k´Kf AÄPr\L oJPxr 3 S 4 fJKrPU KxK¨TL~J C•r mJ`J UJj&TJ vrLPl
AxuJoL oJKxT oJy&Klu IjMKÔf y~Ç
Táfám-Cu-IJTfJm IiqJkT (Im”) IJuyJöô yprf oJSuJjJ
oMyJÿh IJp&yJÀu AxuJo KxK¨TL xJPym (ry”)
Fr mz xJPym\JhJ S k´iJj UKulJ yprf oJSuJjJ
c. oMyJÿh oj&pMÀu AxuJo KxK¨TL
kLr xJPym, oJKjTV† hrmJr vrLl
Kk´K¿kJu, \JKo'IJ-IJrJKm~J KxK¨TL~J hJÀu CuMo oJhsJxJ
ßY~JroqJj, KxK¨TL~J lJCP¥vj mJÄuJPhv
oJKjTV† hrmJr vrLPl pJS~Jr rJ˜J
dJTJ IJKrYJ ßrJPc oJKjTV† mJx ˆqJP¥ ßjPo KrTvJ~ KxK¨T jVrÇ
ßlJj ” 0651 - 61348
KxK¨TL~J C•r mJ`J UJjTJ vrLPl pJS~Jr rJ˜J
˝JiLjfJ ˛reL xzT, C•r mJ`J, mJ`J, dJTJÇ ßlJj ” 882 7332
(C•r mJ`Jr ßoAj ßrJPcr kJPvõt ßyJPxj oJPTta ßgPT mJPo ˝JiLjfJ ˛reL
ßrJPcr oJ^JoJK^ Ç Ckvo yJxkJfJPur KmkrLPf)
88 \Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô \Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô 89

-” k´JK¬˙Jj ”-

hM'Ka TgJ
mJÄuJPhv (Bangladesh)
iPotr oNu yPò KmvõJxÇ AxuJo iPot TP~TKa KmvõJx jJ gJTPu fJPT BoJjhJr muJ KxK¨TL~J lJCP¥vj mJÄuJPhv (KorkMr 11 jÄ mJxˆqJ¥ xÄuVú) dJTJ
pJPm jJ FmÄ ßx TJPlr yPmÇ ßpoj Tmr IJpJm ßTC KmvõJx jJ TrPu ßx TJPlr yPm ßlJj” 8011435
FmÄ IJuäJy& S IJuäJy&r rJxNu (xJ”) ßT KmvõJx jJ TrPu fJr ßTJj ßjT IJouA TJP\ k´iJj TJptJu~
nÅëA~J TjPlTvjJrL
KxK¨T jVr, oJKjTV† hrmJr vrLl
IJxPm jJÇ FT ßvseLr fgJTKgf KvKãf ßuJT \JPyuPhr of KY∂J nJmjJ TPr mPu ßlJj ” 0651-61348
kNrmL xMkJr oJPTta, KorkMr, kuämL, dJTJ
ßlJj” 0171-148508
rJxNuu
M Jä y& (xJ”) jmL KZPuj jJ, TKm KZPuj (jJC\MKmuäJy&)Ç ßTjjJ KfKj ßp mPuj Tmr E-mail: sfbd786@mailblocks.com
IJpJm xfq KT∂á KfKj IJPrJ mPuj Tíke mqKÜPT xJPk KT~Jof kpt∂ TJozJPm ßp Cöôu mA KmfJj
38, mJÄuJmJ\Jr, dJTJ, PlJj” 712 3604
xJkKar KmPwr ßYJPa Yãá jLu yP~ ßVPZ FmÄ oJgJr kvoèPuJ kPz ßVPZÇ FTaJ dJTJ TJptJu~
ßuJPTr oOfqá r kr yJzèPuJ oJKaPf KoPv pJ~Ç G ßuJTaJr mMTaJ ßTJgJ~ gJPT, KxK¨TL~J C•r mJ`J UJj&TJ vrLl IKlx A≤JrKuÄT
˝JiLjfJ ˝reL xzT, KxK¨TjVr, mJ`J, dJTJ 271/1 kKÁo jJUJukJzJ, ßf\VÅJS, dJTJ
xJkaJAmJ ßTJgJ~ hÄvj TPrÇ F ZJzJ KyªMrJ kMKzP~ FPTmJPr ZJA TPr ßh~Ç FA ßlJj” 8827332 ßlJj” 812 0017, 815 0170
irPer o∂mq jJK˜PTrJ S fgJTKgf ùJjJºrJ TPr gJPTÇ FA xo˜ ÃJ∂ pMKÜr
\JKo'IJ IJrJKm~J KxK¨TL~J hJÀu CuMo oJhsJxJ IJmhMuäJy&
xhM•r KjUÅJh KmùJj S hvtPjr pMKÜ KhP~ FTKa mA KuPU KhP~KZÇ fJr jJo ÍoyJ˝kú"Ç KxK¨T jVr, oJKjTV† hrmJr vrLl ß\PjKxx k´J” Ku”
ßlJj ” 0651-61348 73, KxP≠võrL ßrJc, rojJ, dJTJ
ßlJj” 018-493637
ocJjt mMT ßx≤Jr
E-mail: genesisl@bdcom.com
1, KorkMr ßrJc (AxuJKo~J oJPTta)
jLuPãf, dJTJÇ ßlJj” 8619790
PxJKj~J ßoKcPTu mMT yJC\
24, KorkMr ßrJc, (AxuJoL oJPTta)
jLuPãf, dJTJÇ ßlJj” 02-801435
TáKÓ~J xLc ߈Jr uJAPmsrL
90 \Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô \Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô 91

INDIA (nJrf) ßuUPTr V´∫xoNy

Techno World
(Exclusive Distributor in India)
Block B, Shop 54, College Street Corpn.
Market, Kolkata-700 007 (Beside Bibhuti Hotel)
Tel: 91-33- 2219-6116
E-mail: technoworld786@vsnl.net
UBS Publishers' Distributors Pvt. Ltd.
8/1-B, Chowringhee Lane, Kolkata-700 016
Tel: 91-33-22521821, 22522910,
Fax: 91-33-22523027
E-mail: ubspdcal@cal.vsnl.net.in
National Book Store
15, Bankim Chattojee Street, Kolkata-700 073
(Opposite of Kolkata Presidency College)
Sarvodaya Book Stall
Howrah Station ❐ oyJnJmjJ (MOHA VABNA) (˝etkhT k´J¬)
(Old Complex, Near Main Enquiry)
Howrah-711101 (W.B)
F oyJKTfJPm xoV´ KmPvõ FA k´go oyJj IJuäJy&kJPTr IK˜fô xŒPTt Kmvõ
YqPu† (The World Challenge) TrJ yP~PZ, pJ KmPvõr jJK˜TrPhr oJgJ KjYM
Biswas Book Stall TPr KhPò Ç ßTJrIJj vrLl, yJKhx vrLl S KmùJPjr IJPuJPT IJuäJy&kJPTr
88 U. G. Road, Kolkata-700 009
KmvJufJ xŒPTt ùJjVnt IJPuJYjJ TrJ yP~PZ FmÄ pMKÜ KhP~ ßhUJPjJ
International Book Trust yP~PZ, ßp mqKÜ IJuäJy&kJPTr FmJhf TPr jJ Px KjTíÓ k´JeLr ßYP~S IioÇ
54 College Street, Kolkata-700 073
pMVPvsÔ KmùJj KnK•T iotL~ F oyJKTfJPm oyJxOKÓ xŒPTt KfKj ß\qJKfvJ˘
M/s. Preface Books (Astronomy), hvte (Philosophy), ßhyKmùJj (Physiology), khJgtKmhqJ
Mumbai, India
(Physics), rxJ~j (Chemistry), VKef (Mathematics), AfqJKhr IJPuJPT
UBSPD IJPuJYjJ TPrPZjÇ FPf ùJj KkkJxM oJjMPwr ùJPjr xºJj rP~PZÇ
New Delhi & Bangalore

❐ oyJ˝kú (MOHA SHAPNA)

ITALY (AaJuL) É\MrkJT (xJ”) Fr kr ßgPT k´J~ 15vf mZr kr fJÅr FTKa xKy yJKhx
Rashid Communications vrLPlr xKbT ‰mùJKjT k´oJPjr oJiqPo 1986 xJPu jfáj FTKa KgSrL (Man
VIA Goito, 7/a, 40126 Bologna will have never been vanishing and one man divided into core of cores atom-
Italy, Tel: 051-273021
men after death and they can listen and watch with live feelings)
IJKmÏJr
Carto Livreria TPrPZj pJ KmùJPjr ofirJPT kKrmtfj TrPmÇ oOfMqr kr KyªMrJ kMKzP~,
VIA - La- Marmora - 16
0085 Roma oMxuoJj S UOÓJjrJ oJKaPf VKuP~ KhPuS KTnJPm Tíkj mqKÜr mMPT xJPk
ITALY, Tel: 06-441133
TJozJ~ fJr k´oJe TrJ yP~PZÇ

❐ \Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô (JIBON RAHASHA O DEHA TATTA)

\Lm-KmùJPjr hOKÓPTJe ßgPT S hvtPjr pMKÜ KhP~ ßhKUP~PZj oyJj
IJuäJy&kJT oJjm ßhPyr KnfPrr jJjJ \Kau TJpt KTnJPm Ijmrf xoJiJj
TrPZj FmÄ ßhyaJPT mÅJKYP~ ßrPUPZjÇ ßoKcTqJu xJAP¿r K\ˆ (KjptJx) ßmr
TPr ßTJrIJj vrLPlr IJPuJPT F KTfJmUJKj ßuUJ yP~PZÇ oJjm ßhPyr
ßTJgJ~ IJuäJy&kJT gJPTj fJr xKbT k´oJe TrJ yP~PZÇ IPjT jJK˜T F
KTfJm kPz IJuäJy&kJPTr k´Kf KmvõJx ˙Jkj TrPf mJiq yP~PZÇ
92 \Lmj ryxq S ßhyf•ô

❐ KmùJPjr hOKÓPf khtJ (BIGGANER DRISTITAY PARDA)

ßmkhtJ jJrLr ˝JoLr KT ßp xmtjJv y~ FmÄ ßx KTnJPm ßp IKfxfôr kMÀw-
fôyLj yP~ kPz fJ KmùJj FmÄ cJÜJrL vJP˘r hOKÓPTJe ßgPT KmvhnJPm
IJPuJYjJ TrJ yP~PZÇ F KTfJm kPz IxÄUq jr-jJrL ßmkhtJ S KmwJÜ \
Lmj ßgPT KlPr FPx khtJr oJiqPo vJK∂o~ AxuJoL \Lmj ßmPZ KjP~PZjÇ
FojKT IPjT KyªM S UOÓJj oKyuJrJ kpt∂ ßmJrUJ kPr khtJ TrJ ÊÀ
TPrPZjÇ

❐ iNo KkkJxJ xmtjJvJ (DHUM PIPASA SHARBANASHA)

iNokJj TrPu KT xmtjJv y~, cJÜJrL vJP˘ fJ ßhUJPjJ yP~PZÇ iNokJj TrPu
ßp ãKf y~, fJ jÓ TrJr TJ~hJ ßhUJPjJ yP~PZ FmÄ KT CkJP~ iNokJj TrPu
ãKf y~ jJ FmÄ iNokJj KTnJPm fqJV TrJ pJ~, fJr FTKa Imqgt CkJ~ KuPU
ßh~J yP~PZÇ FaJ mÉ krLKãfÇ

❐ kLr irJr ITJaq hKuu (PEER DHARAR AKATTA DALIL)

IPjPT mPu, kLr irJr hrTJr ßjAÇ Fxm TgJr xhM•r Tár'IJj vrLl ßgPT
ITJaq hKuu KhP~ k´oJe TrJ yP~PZ ßp, kLr jJ irPu oJjMw IJuäJy&PT KYjPf
kJrPm jJ FmÄ oJ'PrlPfr ùJj uJn TrPf kJrPm jJ, Imvq IJuäJy& kJT APò
TrPu xmA kJPrjÇ kOKgmLr pMVPvsÔ xo˜ IJuäJy&r SuLVe xmJA ßp kLr iPrA
oyJojLwL yP~PZj, ßx xŒPTt xKbT IJPuJYjJ TrJ yP~PZÇ

❐ fJrJjJP~ \JjúJf (TARANA- A- JANNAT)

KmPòh ßmhjJfár yP~ ^ÄTíf, TJKmqT rPx ˛Jf, ZPªr ßhqJfjJ~ IJkäMf IKf
Có kptJP~r IJiqJK®T V\Pur KTfJm pJ xJPuTPT IJuäJy&kJPTr UMm KjTPa
ßkÅRZJ~Ç oJ'Prlf k∫LPhr \jq FuPo oJ'PrlPfr CóJPñr f•ô FA mAKaPf
V\u IJTJPr xKjúPmKvf TrJ yP~PZÇ

❐ oJ'PrlPfr ßnhf•ô (MAREFATER VEDTATTA)

oJ'Prlfk∫LPhr \jq FuPo oJ'PrlPfr CóJPñr f•ôx’Kuf S KYvKf~J
xJPmKr~J fKrTJr xmTxoNy FmÄ xJ\rJjJoJ x’Kuf KTfJmÇ FKa xJPuTPhr
kJbq mAÇ