& ∋())∗+&,−( +./∗&)0 ∗1234&5(1 ./2∗)∗11&6(1 ∗5 4∗) 1∗ 67&1 4&).34∗.1
∗  2./8&5 75&
)∗+&,−( +./∗&) 9()2∗ (7 /−(
(.1 :∗50 ∋(/1.6∗)∗5 ;7∗
∗  2∗/8&5 75& )∗+&,−( +./∗&) 9()2∗ 7 1∗<&0 & )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗
&5:&1 = ;7&1∗ 75& )∗2& ∗12∗ ∋&1(0 ;7∗ )∗2& 1∗).& ∗11&> ∀7&+ & )∗2& ;7∗ 5∗+8() 6∗1∋)∗4∗ &
)∗+&,−( +./∗&) ∗/2)∗
∗ >
? <712&5∗/2∗ .11( ;7∗ & )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 4&. /(1 6.Α∗)

        !

∀
  ## 

∗<&5
∗  67&1 4&).34∗.1 #5 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) ;7∗ &1 )∗+&∋.(/& = 6& 1∗≅7./2∗
9()5&Β
Yi = α + βX i + ε i
∗12∗ 5(6∗+(0 α ∗ β 1−( ∋(/12&/2∗1 ∗ ε = 75& 4&).34∗+ &+∗&2Χ).& 6∗ 5=6.& Α∗)(
&1 ( ;7∗ 1.≅/.9.∋& ∗12∗ 5(6∗+(>
&)& ∗/2∗/6∗) 5∗+8()0 4&5(1 & 75 ∗∆∗5Ε+( &5(1 6&) 4&+()∗1
∗<&5
∗  67&1 4&).34∗.1 &+∗&2Χ).&1 ;7∗ 5(6∗+&5 67&1 ∋&)&∋2∗)Φ12.∋&1 6∗ 75& Ε(Ε7+&,−(
(6∗).&5 1∗) Ε∗1( ∗ &+27)& 6(1 ./6.4Φ67(1 6∗ 75 Ε&Φ1 7 ∗/2−( +7∋)( :)72( ∗ ≅&12(1 ∋(5
Ε)(Ε&≅&/6& 6∗ ∗5Ε)∗1&1 6∗ 75 6&6( 1∗2() 7 ;7&+;7∗) (72)& ∋(.1& (/1.6∗)∗ ( 1∗≅7./2∗
5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−(Β
Yi = 5 + 2 X i + ε i 0 (/6∗ ε 2∗5 6∗14.( Ε&6)−( .≅7&+ & 
∗12∗ 5(6∗+(0 α = 5 ∗ β = 2   ε = 75& 4&).34∗+ &+∗&2Χ).& 6∗ 5=6.& Α∗)( ∗ 6∗14.( Ε&6)−(
.≅7&+ & 
;7∗ 1.≅/.9.∋& ( 5(6∗+(>
&)& 4∗) 1∗7 1.≅/.9.∋&6(0 4&5(1 ∋(/1.6∗)&) ( ∋&1( ∗5 ;7∗
= .≅7&+ & 
∀7&/6(
4&+∗ 0 ( 4&+() 6∗  9.∋&Β
Y = 5+ 2+ε = 7+ε
 = .≅7&+ &  5&.1 &+≅75& ∋(.1&
∀7&/6(
9() .≅7&+ & 0  = 75& 4&).34∗+ &+∗&2Χ).& ;7∗ &1175∗ 4&+()∗1 &( )∗6() 6∗   = 75&
4&).34∗+ &+∗&2Χ).& 6∗ 5=6.&  ∗ 6∗14.( Ε&6)−( .≅7&+ &  Γ= ( 5∗15( 6∗14.( Ε&6)−( 6&
4&).34∗+ ε Η
.57+∗. /( ∆∋∗+  4&+()∗1 Ε&)& 75& 4&).34∗+ &+∗&2Χ).& /()5&+ 6∗ 5=6.&  ∗ 6∗14.( Ε&6)−(
.≅7&+ & 

∀7&6)(  Ι 5(12)& 6∗  4&+()∗1 6∗  ;7&/6(
4&+∗ 



 
  

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

0 % %0% 0 %! !0%

0!   0  0% 0 %
0 !0% !0%%  0  
0%  0! 0!%! 0%
%0! % 0  % 0 % 0!%!%
0 ! 0!%! 0%! 0!
0! %! 0! ! 0 % %% 0% %
0! 0 % 0 0
0 %  0%%!!% 0%! % 0%% 
!0%  0!%%% !0 %  0 
(6∗5(1 ∋(/1.6∗)&) ;7∗ & Ε(Ε7+&,−( 6∗ (/6∗ )∗2.)&5(1 (1  4&+()∗1 &∋.5& 2∗5 5=6.&  ∗
6∗14.( Ε&6)−( .≅7&+ & 
7 1∗<&0 Ε(6∗5(1 ∋(/1.6∗)&) ;7∗ ∗∆.12∗ 75& Ε(Ε7+&,−( 6∗ 4&+()∗1 6∗  ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗/2∗ &

.≅7&+ &  12& Ε(Ε7+&,−( 2∗5 5=6.&  ∗ 6∗14.( Ε&6)−( .≅7&+ & 

∀7&/6(
9() .≅7&+ & 0  9.∋&Β

Y = 5 + 2× 2 + ε = 9 + ε
≅()&  = .≅7&+ & % 5&.1 &+≅75& ∋(.1& 11∗ ϑ&+≅75& ∋(.1&Κ = & 4&).34∗+ &+∗&2Χ).& ε 0 6∗
5=6.& Α∗)( ∗ 6∗14.( Ε&6)−( .≅7&+ & 
()2&/2(0  = 75& 4&).34∗+ &+∗&2Χ).& 6∗ 5=6.& % ∗ 6∗14.( Ε&6)−( .≅7&+ &  11.50 ;7&/6(

9() .≅7&+ & 0 2∗5(1 (72)& Ε(Ε7+&,−( 6∗ 4&+()∗1 0 6∗12& 4∗Α ∋(5 5=6.& % #5 ∗∆∗5Ε+( 6∗
&5(12)& 6∗11& 1∗≅7/6& Ε(Ε7+&,−(0 2&5:=5 ∋(5  4&+()∗10 1∗).&Β

∀7&6)(  Ι 5(12)& 6∗  4&+()∗1 6∗  ;7&/6(
4&+∗ 

0 ! %0!! ! 0!%% 0 !
0 ! %0 ! 0!% ! 0 
0! !% 0 !% 0!    0%  
!0%  0  ! 0%!% 0%%%
0!! 0 !!% %0% !0%  
%0 0%  !0!! % %0!%%%%
!0 !! !0!! 0 !! %0! !
%0! %% 0% !0%  ! %0 %
0!% 0 %% %0% !! 0%!
0%% 0! %0%% !  %0%%

5∗15( 4&+∗ ;7&/6(
9() .≅7&+ & ;7&+;7∗) (72)( 4&+()

(11( 5(6∗+( Yi = 5 + 2 X i + ε i )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& 1.57+2&/∗&5∗/2∗ ./Λ5∗)&1 Ε(Ε7+&,Μ∗1 6∗
4&+()∗1 6∗  &)& ∋&6& 4&+() 6∗
0 /Χ1 2∗5(1 75& Ε(Ε7+&,−( 6∗ 4&+()∗1 6∗  6∗ 2&+ 5(6(
;7∗ 17& 5=6.& = .≅7&+ & 5 + 2 X 



 
  ∃

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

1 4&+()∗1 6∗  4&).&5 ∗5 2()/( 6∗12∗ 4&+() 5=6.( ≅)&,&1 Ν 4&).34∗+ ε 0 &+∗&2Χ).& (6∗5(1
Ε∗/1&) ;7∗  ∗
≅7&)6&5 75& )∗+&,−( ;7&1∗ +./∗&) )∗+&,−( 1Χ /−( = Ε∗)9∗.2&5∗/2∗ +./∗&)
6∗4.6( Ν Ε)∗1∗/,& 6∗11& 4&).34∗+ ε 0 ;7∗ )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& 2(6&1 &1 6∗5&.1 ./2∗)9∗)Ο/∋.&1 /( 4&+()
6∗  ;7∗ /−( 1−( ∗∆Ε+.∋&6&1 Ε∗+& 4&).34∗+

4&).34∗+ ε Ε(6∗ 1∗) 4.12& ∋(5( ( ∗))( ;7∗ 1∗ ∋(5∗2∗ ;7&/6( 1∗ &Ε)(∆.5& & )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗

∗  Ε() 75& )∗2& 7.2&1 4∗Α∗1 &∋&:& 1∗/6( ∋8&5&6&0 )∗&+5∗/2∗0 6∗ ∗))(
11.50 1∗ ( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( Yi = 5 + 2 X i + ε i )∗Ε)∗1∗/2&) &6∗;7&6&5∗/2∗ ( ∋(/<7/2(
9()5&6( Ε() 2(6&1 &1 Ε(Ε7+&,Μ∗1 6∗ 4&+()∗1 6∗ 0 1&:∗5(1 ;7∗0 Ε&)& ∋&6& 4&+() 6∗
0 2∗5(1
∋(5( ∋&+∋7+&) & 5=6.& 6& ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗/2∗ Ε(Ε7+&,−( 6∗ 4&+()∗1 6∗ 
∗Ε∗2./6(Β & )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗
∗  = Ε)&2.∋&5∗/2∗ 75& )∗2& 1 Ε&)∗1 ()6∗/&6(1 Γ
0Η 1Χ /−(
1∗ ∋(5Ε()2&5 ∗∆&2&5∗/2∗ ∋(5( 75& )∗2& Ε() ∋&71& 6& 4&).34∗+ &+∗&2Χ).& ε 
∗12∗ 5(6(0 (1 Ε&)∗1 ()6∗/&6(1 Γ
0Η 4−( 1∗ 1.27&) ∗5 2()/( 6& )∗2& Yi = 5 + 2 X i

(/1.6∗)∗ ;7∗
&1175& &Ε∗/&1 (1 4&+()∗1 0 0 0 0  (/1.6∗)∗ &./6& ;7∗ ( 5(6∗+(

Yi = 5 + 2 X i + ε i Γ(/6∗ ε 2∗5 6∗14.( Ε&6)−( .≅7&+ & Η 6∗1∋)∗4& :∗5 & Ε(Ε7+&,−( 6∗
4&+()∗1 6∗ 
(6∗5(1 Ε∗/1&) ;7∗ ∗12& Ε(Ε7+&,−( =0 /& 4∗)6&6∗0 6.4.6.6& ∗5 Ε(Ε7+&,Μ∗1 5∗/()∗1
#5& Ε&)& ( ∋&1( ∗5 ;7∗
= .≅7&+ &  72)& Ε&)& ( ∋&1( ∗5 ;7∗
= .≅7&+ &   &11.5 Ε()
6.&/2∗0 &2=
.≅7&+ & 
:&.∆( 6∗2&+8&5(1 &1 ∋./∋( Ε(Ε7+&,Μ∗1 6∗ 4&+()∗1 6∗ Β
• X = 1
 2∗5 5=6.&  ∗ 6∗14.( Ε&6)−( .≅7&+ & 
• X = 2
 2∗5 5=6.& % ∗ 6∗14.( Ε&6)−( .≅7&+ & 
• X = 3
 2∗5 5=6.&  ∗ 6∗14.( Ε&6)−( .≅7&+ & 
• X = 4
 2∗5 5=6.&  ∗ 6∗14.( Ε&6)−( .≅7&+ & 
• X = 5
 2∗5 5=6.&  ∗ 6∗14.( Ε&6)−( .≅7&+ & 
Π /2−( /(11( 5(6∗+( )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& &6∗;7&6&5∗/2∗ 2(6& & Ε(Ε7+&,−( Γ∋(5Ε(12& Ε∗+&1
∋./∋( 17:ΘΕ(Ε7+&,Μ∗1 &∋.5&Η 7 1∗<&0 2∗/6( &∋∗11( & 2(6& & Ε(Ε7+&,−(0 Ε(6∗5(1 4∗).9.∋&)
;7∗0 Ε&)& ∋&6& 4&+() 6∗
0 (1 4&+()∗1 6∗  ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗/2∗1 ≅.)&5 ∗5 2()/( 6& )∗2& 6&6& Ε()
Y = 5 + 2X

 
  #&      

(/2./7∗5(1 ∋(5 ( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( 6( ∗∆∗5Ε+( &/2∗).() &:∗5(1 ;7∗ /& Ε(Ε7+&,−(0
4∗).9.∋&Θ1∗ ;7∗
∗  1∗ )∗+&∋.(/&5 Ε()Β
Yi = 5 + 2 X i + ε i

7 1∗<&0 (1 Ε&)∗1 ()6∗/&6(1 ( X i , Yi ) ≅.)&5 ∗5 2()/( 6& )∗2& Yi = 5 + 2 X i ≅)&,&1 Ν 4&).34∗+

&+∗&2Χ).& ε i 



 
  %

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

? Ε(11Φ4∗+ 6∗5(/12)&) ;7∗ (1 4&+()∗1 6∗ a ∗ b Γ∗12.5&6()∗1 6∗ α ∗ β Η0 (:2.6(1 & Ε&)2.) 6&

∋(/1.6∗)&,−( 6∗ ;7∗ & 1(5& 6(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6(1 6∗14.(1 1∗<& 5Φ/.5&0 1−(Β

b=
 [(X − X )× (Y − Y )]
i i

 (X − X )
2
i

a = Y − bX
7 1∗<&0 & Ε&)2.) 6(1 4&+()∗1 6∗
∗  Ε∗)2∗/∋∗/2∗1 Ν &5(12)&0 (:2∗5(1 (1 4&+()∗1 6∗  ∗ 
6∗1∋).2(1 &∋.5& Ε&)2.) 6∗+∗10 ∋(/12)7Φ5(1 & )∗2& Yˆi = a + bX i 
∆∗∋72&/6( ∗12∗ Ε)(∋∗6.5∗/2( /( ∗∆∋∗+ Ε&)& & &5(12)& 6( ∀7&6)( 0 (:2∗5(1Β
a = 3,71
b = 2,33
≅)39.∋( &:&.∆( )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& (1 )∗17+2&6(1 (:2.6(1Β

.≅7)&  Ι ∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) ∗/2)∗ 4&).34∗.1
∗ 

1 Ε(/2(1 ∗5 &Α7+ ∗1∋7)( 1−( (1 6&6(1 (:1∗)4&6(1 /& &5(12)& −( (1 Ε&)∗1 ()6∗/&6(1
∋())∗1Ε(/6∗/2∗1 Ν &5(12)& 6( ∀7&6)(  )∗2& +&)&/<& ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗ Ν )∗2& ϑ)∗&+Κ ? & )∗2&
;7∗ )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& & Ε(Ε7+&,−( ./2∗.)& )&2&Θ1∗ 6& )∗2& Yi = 5 + 2 X i 
Χ ;7∗ ∗12& )∗2& /Χ1 /−( ∋(/8∗∋∗5(1 −( ∋(/8∗∋∗5(1 2(6& & Ε(Ε7+&,−( 12&5(1
Ε)(∋7)&/6( Ε() 75& )∗2& ;7∗ 1.5:(+.Α∗ & )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗
∗  .6∗&+ 1∗).& ∋8∗≅&) )∗&+5∗/2∗
/& )∗2& +&)&/<&0 ;7∗ )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& &6∗;7&6&5∗/2∗ 2(6& & Ε(Ε7+&,−(



 
  (

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

(/276(0 2∗/6( 6.1Ε(/Φ4∗+ &Ε∗/&1 75& &5(12)& 6∗  Ε&)∗1 Γ
0Η0 & )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( ;7∗
∋&+∋7+&5(10 6∗ 2&+ 9()5& ;7∗ (1 6∗14.(1 6∗ ∗12.5&2.4& ∋(5∗2.6(1 1∗ ∋(5Ε()2∗5 1∗≅7/6( &
∋(/6.,−( 6∗ 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(10 9(. & )∗2& &Α7+

∃ ∗
#+  

≅()&0 &+≅7/1 ∋(5∗/23).(1 &6.∋.(/&.10 ;7∗ 9.∋&)&5 .5Ε+Φ∋.2(1 &( +(/≅( 6( ∗∆∗5Ε+(
5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 9&Α &+≅75&1 ∋(/1.6∗)&,Μ∗1 −( ∗+&1Β
• E (ε i ) = 0

• V (ε i ) = σ 2

• cov(ε i , ε j ) = 0 0 Ε&)& i ≠ j

• 1 ∗))(1 2Ο5 6.12).:7.,−( /()5&+

& Ε).5∗.)& ∋(/1.6∗)&,−(0 2∗5(1 ;7∗ ( ∗))( Γ4&).34∗+ &+∗&2Χ).& ε Η 2∗5 5=6.& Α∗)( 12&
∋(/6.,−( = 75 Ε(7∋( 5&.1 93∋.+ 6∗ ∗/2∗/6∗)
&12& .5&≅./&) & 1.27&,−( ∗5 ;7∗ & 4&).34∗+ ∗))( /−( 2∗5 5=6.& Α∗)( .≅/.9.∋& ;7∗ <3 1∗
∗1Ε∗)& ;7∗0 ∗5 5=6.&0 1∗ ∋(5∗2& 75 ∗))( 6.9∗)∗/2∗ 6∗ Α∗)( Υ3 1∗ 1&:∗ ;7∗ & )∗≅)∗11−( 2∗5
75 4.=1 Γ;7∗ Ε(6∗ 1∗) Ε(1.2.4( (7 /∗≅&2.4(Η 7 1∗<&0 ( 5(6∗+( /−( ∗123 57.2( &6∗;7&6( ?
5∗+8() )∗9()57+&) ( 5(6∗+(
1∗≅7/6& ∋(/1.6∗)&,−( /(1 6.Α ;7∗ & 4&).ς/∋.& 6( ∗))( = ∋(/12&/2∗ 12∗ 9&2( = 6∗/(5./&6(
8(5(∋∗6&12.∋.& 12( 9(. 72.+.Α&6( ;7&/6( 6.11∗5(1 ;7∗ 8&4.& ∋./∋( Ε(Ε7+&,Μ∗1 6∗ 4&+()∗1
6∗  Γ∋(5 5=6.&1 0 %0 0  ∗  Η 5 2(6&1 ∗+&10 ( 6∗14.( Ε&6)−( ∗)& ( 5∗15( ΓΕ()2&/2(0
& 4&).ς/∋.& 2&5:=5Η 12( 1Χ = Ε(11Φ4∗+ 1∗ & 4&).34∗+ ε 2.4∗) 4&).ς/∋.& ∋(/12&/2∗ 7 1∗<&0 1∗
∗+& 2.4∗) 1∗5Ε)∗ & 5∗15& 4&).ς/∋.&0 ./6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗ 6∗ ;7&+ ( 4&+() 6∗

2∗)∋∗.)& ∋(/6.,−( /(1 6.Α ;7∗ (1 ∗))(1 ∋(5∗2.6(1 /−( 1−( ∋())∗+&∋.(/&6(1


        
∗1Ε(12&Β /−(0 ∗5 ∋(/∋7)1(1 &:∗)2(1 & ∋&/6.6&2(1 6∗ 2(6&1 &1 3)∗&10 /−( 83 5&.()∗1
∋(:)&/,&1 1(:)∗ 2&.1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 ∗∆∗)∋Φ∋.( 1.5Ε+∗15∗/2∗ 6.Α ;7∗ ∗+&1 9()&5 &2∗/6.6&1 ∗
Ε)(/2( (11( 2)&:&+8( = 1Χ &Ε+.∋&) &1 9Χ)57+&1 Ε&)& &∋8&) a ∗ b  Χ &1 5∗/∋.(/∗. Ε();7∗0
1∗ & ;7∗12−( 9&+&) ;7&+;7∗) ∋(.1& & )∗1Ε∗.2(0 &Φ 4(∋Ο1 /−( Ε)∗∋.1&5 9.∋&) Ε)∗(∋7Ε&6(10
&∋8&/6( ;7∗ = 75& ϑ∋(.1& 6∗ (72)( 57/6(Κ ? 1Χ ∋&+∋7+&) /()5&+5∗/2∗ (1 ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗1  ∗
0 ∗ Ε)(/2(
& 4∗)6&6∗0 &1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 &∋.5& &Ε)∗1∗/2&6&1 /∗5 1−( .5Ε()2&/2∗1 Ε&)& ( ∋3+∋7+( ϑ2ΦΕ.∋(Κ
6∗ ϑ&Κ ∗ ϑ:Κ Γ∋8&5&6( 6∗ 5=2(6( 6∗ 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1Η +&1 1−( .5Ε()2&/2∗1 Ε&)&
)∗&+.Α&)5(1 2∗12∗1 6∗ 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 ∗ 6∗2∗)5./&)5(1 ./2∗)4&+(1 6∗ ∋(/9.&/,& Ε&)& &1
∗12.5&2.4&1 6(1 Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 ∗)4∗5 2&5:=5 Ε&)& ∗1276&)5(1 &1 Ε)(Ε).∗6&6∗1 6(1
∗12.5&6()∗1 6∗ 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1



 
  )

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

% −

.   !


(/1.6∗)∗ ( 6.&≅)&5& 6∗ 6.1Ε∗)1−( &:&.∆(0 )∗+&∋.(/&/6( Ε∗1( ∗ &+27)& 6∗ 75 ∋∗)2( ≅)7Ε( 6∗

./6.4Φ67(1

.≅7)&  Ι .&≅)&5& 6∗ 6.1Ε∗)1−( Ε∗1( ∆ &+27)&

(/1.6∗)∗ ;7∗ ∗12& 1∗<& &Ε∗/&1 75& &5(12)& ∋(/2∗/6( Ε∗1(1 ∗ &+27)&1 Ε&)& 75 ∋∗)2(
/Λ5∗)( 6∗ Ε∗11(&1 Ε∗1;7.1&6&1 .5(1 ;7∗ ( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ ∋())∗+&,−( ./6.∋& ;7∗ ∗∆.12∗
∋∗)2& )∗+&,−( +./∗&) Ε&)& &1 4&).34∗.1 Ε∗1( ∗ &+27)&
& )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&)0 ∗12&5(1 ./2∗)∗11&6(1 ∗5 1&:∗) ;7∗ )∗+&,−( = ∗11& /∋(/2)&) & 97/,−(
6∗ Ε).5∗.)( ≅)&7 ;7∗ )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& & )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ Ε∗1( ∗ &+27)&

∗<&  ( Ε∗1( ∗<&
& &+27)&

5(6∗+( 6∗ 75& )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 =Β
Yi = α + βX i + ε i
∗+∗5:)&/6( ∗12∗ 5(6∗+(0 α ∗ β 1−( ∋(/12&/2∗1 11.50 1∗ ( 5(6∗+( 9(11∗ &Ε∗/&1
Yi = α + βX i 0 &Φ 2∗)Φ&5(1 ∗9∗2.4&5∗/2∗ 75& 97/,−( 6∗ Ε).5∗.)( ≅)&7 )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ Ε∗1(
∗ &+27)& 1∗).& ∗∆&2&5∗/2∗ 75& )∗2& &1 /−( = ( ;7∗ &∋(/2∗∋∗ )∗+&,−( /−( = ∗∆&2&5∗/2∗
75& )∗2&
12&5(1 ∋(/1.6∗)&/6( ;7∗0 &+=5 6& ∋(5Ε(/∗/2∗ +./∗&) α + βX i 0 ( 4&+() 6( Ε∗1( &./6&
6∗Ε∗/6∗ 6∗ 75& Ε&)∋∗+& &+∗&2Χ).& )&2&Θ1∗ 6& 4&).34∗+ &+∗&2Χ).& ε 
12& 4&).34∗+ &+∗&2Χ).& = ;7∗ = )∗1Ε(/134∗+ Ε∗+( 9&2( 6(1 Ε(/2(1 1∗ 6.1Ε∗)1&)∗5 ∗5 2()/( 6&
)∗2& ;7∗ )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& & )∗+&,−( +./∗&) ∗/2)∗
∗  ∗2& ∗12& ;7∗ /Χ1 ∗12&5(1 ;7∗)∗/6(
6∗2∗)5./&) 4&).34∗+ &+∗&2Χ).& ε Ε(6∗ 1∗) 4.12& ∋(5( 75 ∗))( ∗5 2()/( 6& )∗2& 6∗
)∗≅)∗11−(

7Ε(/8& ;7∗ & )∗2& +&)&/<& 6& 9.≅7)& &:&.∆( 1∗<& & )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( Γ(7 1∗<&0 & )∗2& ;7∗
)∗Ε)∗1∗/2& & )∗+&,−( +./∗&) ∗∆.12∗/2∗ /& Ε(Ε7+&,−( 6∗ 4&+()∗1 Γ
0ΗΗ



 
  ,

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

.≅7)&  Ι ∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−(

(/1.6∗)∗ ;7∗ & ∗;7&,−( 6& )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( 1∗<&Β

Y = 100 X − 106
 ∗12& )∗2& /Χ1 /−( ∋(/8∗∋∗5(10 Ε(.1 /−( 2∗5(1 &∋∗11( & 2(6& & Ε(Ε7+&,−( Χ1 ;7∗)∗5(1
<712&5∗/2∗ ∗/∋(/2)&) ∗12& )∗2&0 & Ε&)2.) 6& &5(12)& 9()/∗∋.6&
&5(1 /(1 9.∆&) /& )∗2& Y = 100 X − 106
&5(1 2(5&) ( 4&+() 6∗ &+27)& .≅7&+ & 0!5

.≅7)&  Ι ∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−(Β 6∗12&;7∗ Ε&)&
Ω 0!

&5(1 ∋&+∋7+&)  Ε&)& ( ∋&1( ∗5 ;7∗ X = 1,86 5

Y = 100 X − 106
Y = 186 − 106 = 80
Ε∗1( ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗/2∗ = ! Γ Y = 80 Η 11.50 & )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( Ε&11& Ε∗+( Ε(/2( Γ0!Ξ
!Η



 
  /

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

&)& & /(11& &5(12)& ΓΕ(/2(1 &Α7.1 6& 9.≅7)& &∋.5&Η0 (:1∗)4∗ ;7∗ 83 6.4∗)1(1 4&+()∗1 6∗
Ε∗1( Ε&)& & &+27)& .≅7&+ & 0!
11.50 /( /(11( ≅)7Ε( 6∗ Ε∗11(&1 Ε∗1;7.1&6&10 83 ∋./∋( ∋(5 &+27)& 6∗ 0!5 #5& 6∗+&1
2∗5 Ε∗1( 0 Π≅ (72)& 2∗5 0 Π≅ Γ∗12∗1 6(.1 Ε).5∗.)(1 4&+()∗1 ∗12−( 1(:)∗Ε(12(1 /&
9.≅7)& &∋.5&Η #5& 2∗)∋∗.)& 2∗5 %0% Π≅ ;7&)2& 2∗5 0% Π≅  & ;7./2& 2∗5 !0%
(5 /(11( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&)0 ;7∗)∗5(1 6.Α∗) ;7∗0 Ε&)& ∋&6& 4&+() 6∗
Γ&+27)&Η0
(1 4&+()∗1 6∗  ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗/2∗1 ΓΕ∗1(Η ϑ≅.)&5Κ ∗5 2()/( 6& )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( ∗12∗ 5(6(0
∋(/1.6∗)&/6( 2(6&1 &1 Ε∗11(&1 ∋(5 &+27)& 0! 50 ∗+&1 2Ο50 ∗5 5=6.&0 75 Ε∗1( 6∗ ! Π≅
&)& 75& 6&6& &5(12)&0 (:2∗)∗5(1 Ε(/2(1 ;7∗ /−( /∗∋∗11&).&5∗/2∗ 9.∋&5 1(:)∗ & )∗2& 6∗
)∗≅)∗11−( +∗1 Ε(6∗5 Ε∗)9∗.2&5∗/2∗ ∋&.) 9()& 6& )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( Ε() ∋&71& 6∗ 75 ∗))(
&+∗&2Χ).( Γ ε Η ∗ 9&2(0 Ε&)& ( ∗∆∗5Ε+( &∋.5&0 /∗/875& 6&1 ∋./∋( Ε∗11(&1 ∋(5 &+27)& 6∗
0! 2./8& Ε∗1( ∗∆&2&5∗/2∗ .≅7&+ & ! Π≅ )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( 1Χ /(1 ./9()5& 4&+()∗1
5=6.(10 ∗5 2()/( 6(1 ;7&.1 ≅.)&5 (1 4&+()∗1 6& Ε(Ε7+&,−(
.Α∗/6( 6∗ (72)( 5(6(Β ( ;7∗ & )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( ./6.∋&0 /( ∋&1( 6∗ X = 1,86 = ;7∗0 1∗
2.4=11∗5(1 &∋∗11( & 2(6& & Ε(Ε7+&,−( 6∗ Ε∗11(&1 ∋(5 0! 5 6∗ &+27)&0 ( Ε∗1( 6∗ 2&.1
Ε∗11(&1 2∗).& 5=6.& ! Π≅ ∗ 4&).ς/∋.& .≅7&+ & σ 2 
11.50 ;7&/6( & &+27)& ΓΩ
Η 4&+∗ 0!0 (1 4&+()∗1 6∗ Ε∗1( ≅.)&5 ∗5 2()/( 6∗ ! ( ∋&1(
6∗12& &5(12)&0 ∗+∗1 9()&5 .≅7&.1 & 0Ξ 0Ξ %0% 0%Ξ !0% 1 4&+()∗1 6∗ Ε∗1(
∗12−( 6.1Ε∗)1(1 ∗5 2()/( 6∗ ! Π≅
∀7&/6( &9.)5&5(1 ;7∗ & 4&).34∗+ ε 2∗5 4&).ς/∋.& ∋(/12&/2∗0 ;7∗)∗5(1 6.Α∗) ;7∗0 1∗
Ε76=11∗5(1 &/&+.1&) 2(6& & Ε(Ε7+&,−( 6∗ Ε∗11(&1 ∋(5 &+27)& 6∗ 0! 50 (1 Ε∗1(1 6∗12&1
Ε∗11(&1 2∗).& 5=6.& ! Π≅ ∗ 4&).ς/∋.& σ 2 
76∗5(1 6∗ Ε(/2( )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( Ε&11& Ε∗+( Ε(/2( Γ0%Ξ !Η 7 1∗<&0 Y = 84 Π≅
;7&/6( X = 1,90 5
11.50 ;7&/6( X = 1,90 50 2∗5(1 ;7∗ (1 4&+()∗1 6∗  4−( ≅.)&) ∗5 2()/( 6∗ ! Π≅ +∗1
∗12&)−( 6.1Ε∗)1(1 ∗5 2()/( 6∗ ! Π≅0 2&5:=5 ∋(5 4&).ς/∋.& σ 2 ΓΕ(.1 & 4&).ς/∋.& =
∋(/1.6∗)&6& ∋(/12&/2∗Η ∗/6( &∋∗11( Ν 2(6& & Ε(Ε7+&,−( 6∗ Ε∗11(&1 ∋(5 &+27)& 0% 50
4∗).9.∋&)Φ&5(1 ;7∗ ( Ε∗1( 6∗12&1 Ε∗11(&1 2∗5 5=6.& ! Π≅ ∗ 4&).ς/∋.& σ 2 
 &11.5 Ε() 6.&/2∗ 7 1∗<&0 Ε&)& ;7&+;7∗) 4&+() 6∗
;7∗ &6(2&)5(10 (1 4&+()∗1 6∗ 
∋())∗1Ε(/6∗/2∗1 2∗)−( 4&).ς/∋.& σ 2 ∗ 5=6.& 6&6& Ε∗+& )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−(
Ε)(:+∗5& = ;7∗0 ∗5 ≅∗)&+0 2∗5(1 &∋∗11( &Ε∗/&1 & 75& &5(12)& −( ∋(/8∗∋∗5(1 & 
)∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( −( ∋(/8∗∋∗5(1 & )∗2& +&)&/<& 6& .≅7)&  ∗12∗ ∋&1(0 2∗/2&)∗5(1
∗/∋(/2)&) 75& )∗2& ;7∗0 ∋(/1.6∗)&/6( &Ε∗/&1 & &5(12)& ;7∗ 2∗5(1 Ν 6.1Ε(1.,−(0 1∗<& &
5∗+8() ∗12.5&2.4& Ε&)& & )∗2& )∗&+ 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( &)& 2&/2(0 4(+2∗5(1 &( /(11( 6.&≅)&5& 6∗
6.1Ε∗)1−(



 
  0

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

.≅7)& Ι ∗2&1 Ε&)& )∗Ε)∗1∗/2&) & )∗+&,−( +./∗&)

∗1∗/8∗. 67&1 )∗2&1 Γ75& 4∗)6∗ ∗ 75& 4∗)5∗+8&Η ;7∗ Ε(6∗).&5 )∗Ε)∗1∗/2&) & )∗+&,−( +./∗&)
∗/2)∗ Ε∗1( ∗ &+27)& ∀7&+ 6∗+&1 ∗1∋(+8∗)> 4∗)6∗> 4∗)5∗+8&> ∗/875&> ∗)3 ;7∗ ∗∆.12∗
(72)& )∗2& ;7∗ )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& 5∗+8() & )∗+&,−( +./∗&) ∗/2)∗ Ε∗1( ∗ &+27)&>

∗5:)∗5Θ1∗ 6∗ ;7∗ ∗12&5(1 Ε)(∋7)&/6(0 & Ε&)2.) 6& &5(12)& ∋(/8∗∋.6& Γ4&+()∗1 6(1 Ε(/2(1
&Α7.1 6& 9.≅7)& &∋.5&Η0 ∗/∋(/2)&) 75& ∗12.5&2.4& Ε&)& & )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−(

5=2(6( ;7∗ ∗12&5(1 ∗1276&/6( Ε&)& ∗/∋(/2)&) & 5∗+8() )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( = ∋8&5&6( 6∗
5=2(6(1 6∗ 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 97/,−( 6∗ Ε).5∗.)( ≅)&7 ;7∗ Ε)∗2∗/6∗5(1 ∗/∋(/2)&) =
6& 9()5&Β
Yˆi = a + bX i

/6∗ a = 75& ∗12.5&2.4& 6∗ α 0 b = 75& ∗12.5&2.4& 6∗ β ∗ Ŷ = 75& ∗12.5&2.4& 6∗ Y 

7Ε(/8&5(1 ;7∗ & )∗2& 4∗)5∗+8& 6& .≅7)& 1∗<& & )∗2& ;7∗ )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& 5∗+8() & )∗+&,−(
+./∗&)0 (:2.6& & Ε&)2.) 6( 5=2(6( 6∗ 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 +& = & /(11& )∗2& ϑ∋&+∋7+&6&Κ0 &
Ε&)2.) 6& &5(12)&
(5( (:2ΟΘ+&> &12& Ε∗≅&) (1 4&+()∗1 6∗
∗  6& &5(12)& ∗ ∋&+∋7+&)Β

b=
 [(X − X )× (Y − Y )]
i i

 (X − X )
2
i

a = Y − bX



 
  

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

.≅7)&  Ι ∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( (:2.6& Ε() 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1

∗5:)∗5Θ1∗ 6∗ ;7∗ & )∗2& +&)&/<& Γ.≅7)& Η = & )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( ;7∗ /Χ1 /−( ∋(/8∗∋∗5(1
∗ ;7∗ )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& &6∗;7&6&5∗/2∗ & Ε(Ε7+&,−( )∗2& 4∗)5∗+8& 6& .≅7)&  = & )∗2& (:2.6&0
& Ε&)2.) 6(1 4&+()∗1 Ε∗1;7.1&6(1 ΓΕ(/2(1 &Α7.1 6& 5∗15& .≅7)& Η0 /75& 2∗/2&2.4& 6∗
&Ε)(∆.5&) & )∗&+ )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( Γ)∗2& +&)&/<&Η +&1 Ε(6∗5 1∗) .≅7&.1 (7 /−(
&5(1 .6∗/2.9.∋&) 2(6(1 (1 ∗+∗5∗/2(1 & ;7∗ 2∗5(1 /(1 )∗9∗).6( &)& 2&/2(0 4&5(1 /(1
∋(/∋∗/2)&) /( Ε(/2( ∗5 ;7∗ & &+27)& 4&+∗ 0%! ΓΕ(/2( 6∗12&∋&6(0 /& .≅7)& 0 ∋(5 ( ∋Φ)∋7+(
4∗)5∗+8(Η
& 9.≅7)& &:&.∆(0 2∗5(1 &Ε∗/&1 ∗12∗ Ε(/2(Β

.≅7)&  Ι (/2( Γ0%!Ξ %0Η ∗ )∗2& (:2.6& Ε() 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1

&)& & &+27)& 0%! 5 Γ
Ω0%!Η0 ( Ε∗1( (:2.6( = 6∗ %0 Π≅ 12∗ = ( 4&+() 6∗ 
X = 1,98
Y = 97,41
&)& ∗12∗ 4&+() 6∗
Γ0%!Η /(11& )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( ∋&+∋7+&6& Γ)∗2& 4∗)5∗+8&Η ./6.∋& ;7∗ &
∗12.5&2.4& 6( 4&+() 6∗  = %0% Π≅



 
  

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

7 1∗<&0 & ∗12.5&2.4& 6∗  =Β

Yˆ = 92,90
Τ 6.9∗)∗/,& ∗/2)∗  ∗ 17& ∗12.5&2.4&0 ∋8&5&5(1 6∗14.( 6∗14.(0 /∗12∗ ∋&1(0 9.∋&Β
e = Y − Yˆ = 97,41 − 92,90 = 4,51
∗+( 5=2(6( 6∗ 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(10 2∗/2&5(1 (:2∗) 75& )∗2& 6∗ 2&+ 5(6( ;7∗ & 1(5& 6(1
;7&6)&6(1 6(1 4&+()∗1 6(1 6∗14.(1 1∗<& 5Φ/.5&
∗Ε∗2./6(Β = Ε(11Φ4∗+ 6∗5(/12)&) ;7∗ (1 4&+()∗1 6∗ a ∗ b Γ∗12.5&6()∗1 6∗ α ∗ β Η0 (:2.6(1
& Ε&)2.) 6& ∋(/1.6∗)&,−( 6∗ ;7∗ & 1(5& 6(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6(1 6∗14.(1 1∗<& 5Φ/.5&0 1−(Β

b=
 [(X − X )× (Y − Y )]
i i

 (X − X )
2
i

a = Y − bX
7 1∗<&0 & Ε&)2.) 6(1 4&+()∗1 6∗
∗  6& &5(12)&0 (:2∗5(1 (1 4&+()∗1 6∗  ∗  6∗1∋).2(1
&∋.5& Ε&)2.) 6∗+∗10 ∋(/12)7Φ5(1 & )∗2& Yˆi = a + bX i 0 ;7∗ = & )∗2& 4∗)5∗+8& 6& .≅7)& 

∋    !!  +



&)& )∗1(+4∗) &+≅7/1 Ε)(:+∗5&1 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&)0 Ε(6∗ 1∗) Λ2.+ ∋(/8∗∋∗) &+≅75&1
.≅7&+6&6∗1 ∗/4(+4∗/6( 1(5&2Χ).(10 )∗175.6&1 /( ;7&6)( &:&.∆(Β

∀7&6)(  Ι ≅7&+6&6∗1 ∗/4(+4∗/6( 1(5&2Χ).(

1 ∀2
# 3

 [(X ) ( )]
n n

i − X × Yi − Y =  ( X i × Yi ) − n X Y
i =1 i =1

 (X ) =  (X ) − n X
n n
2 2
−X
2
i i
i =1 i =1

 (Y − Y ) =  (Y ) − nY
n n
2 2 2
i i
i =1 i =1

+≅7/1 +.4)(1 2∗/2&5 1.5Ε+.9.∋&) 75 Ε(7∋( & ∗1∋).2& &)& 2&/2(0 ∗+∗1 )∗Ε)∗1∗/2&5 Ε() +∗2)&
5./Λ1∋7+& & 6.9∗)∗/,& ∗/2)∗ 75& 4&).34∗+ ∗ 17& 5=6.&

    
∆∗5Ε+(Β

    



 
  ∃

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

(5 .11(0 &1 2)&/19()5&,Μ∗1 6( ;7&6)( &∋.5& Ε(6∗5 1∗) )∗∗1∋).2&1Β

      
 

       
 

       
 

 &1 9Χ)57+&1 Ε&)&  ∗  9.∋&5Β






    

( 4       

2= &;7. 6∗. )∗17+2&6(1 Ε)(/2(10 1Χ Ε&)& ;7∗ Ε76=11∗5(1 ∗/2)&) ∗5 ∋(/2&2( ∋(5 (1
∋(/∋∗.2(1 ∗/4(+4.6(1 /& )∗≅)∗11−( ≅()& 4&5(10 6∗ 9&2(0 9&Α∗) ∋(/2&1
&)& Ε)&2.∋&)0 4&5(1 ∋&+∋7+&) & )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( Ε&)& ( ∋&1( 6(1 ;7&2)( &+7/(1 ;7∗ 9.Α∗)&5
&1 Ε)(4&1 6∗ 9Φ1.∋& ∗ 5&2∗532.∋& Γ∗∆∗5Ε+( 72.+.Α&6( /( 2ΧΕ.∋( 6∗ ∋())∗+&,−(Η &5(1
∋(/1.6∗)&) ;7∗ ∗12∗1  &+7/(1 1−( 75& &5(12)& 6∗ 75 ∋(/<7/2( 5&.() 6∗ ∗1276&/2∗1 ;7∗ 1∗
17:5∗2∗)&5 Ν 2&+ Ε)(4&
1 /(2&1 6∗11∗1 &+7/(1 1−(Β
+7/( (2& 6∗ 5&2∗532.∋& (2& 6∗ 9Φ1.∋&
(X ) (Y )
  
  
 ! 
  !
=6.& 0 
12&5(1 17Ε(/6( ;7∗ & Ε(Ε7+&,−( 6∗ /(2&1 6∗ 9Φ1.∋& 6& ;7&+ 9()&5 2.)&6&1 &1 /(2&1 &∋.5&
Ε(6∗ 1∗) 6∗1∋).2& 1∗≅7/6( ( 1∗≅7./2∗ 5(6∗+(Β
Yi = α + βX i + ε i
7 1∗<&0 ∗12&5(1 17Ε(/6( ;7∗ ∗∆.12∗ 75& )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ &1 /(2&1 6∗ 5&2∗532.∋& ∗ 9Φ1.∋&
Ε&)∋∗+& ε = 75 ∗))( &+∗&2Χ).( /≅+(:& 2(6&1 (72)&1 4&).34∗.1 Γ6.12./2&1 6& /(2& ∗5
5&2∗532.∋&Η ;7∗ ./9+7∗/∋.&5 /& /(2& 6∗ 9Φ1.∋&
Ε&)2.) 6∗12∗1 4&+()∗1 6∗ /(2&10 ∋(/12)7Φ5(1 ( ;7&6)( &:&.∆(Β



 
  %

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

+7/( X Y X−X Y −Y (X − X )× (Y − Y ) (X − X ) (Y − Y )
2 2

   Θ0 Θ 0 0 
   Θ0   0 
 !  0   0 
  ! 0  0 0 
11 , ∃∋ 
&5(1 ∋&+∋7+&) (1 ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗1 a ∗ b 

b=
 [(X − X )× (Y − Y )]
i i

 (X − X )
2
i

8
b= ≅ 0,23
35
a = Y − bX
8
a =7− × 6,5 ≅ 5,51
35
 & )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( ∗12.5&6& Γϑ∋&+∋7+&6&ΚΗ 9.∋&Β
Yˆ = 5,51 + 0,23 X
∗Ε&)∗ ;7∗ /−( 1&:∗5(1 1∗ ∗12& = & )∗&+ )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( &10 & Ε&)2.) 6(1 4&+()∗1 6∗
/(11& &5(12)&0 ∗12& = & /(11& ∗12.5&2.4& Ε&)& & )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( ? 75& )∗2& 2&+ ;7∗ &
1(5& 6(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6(1 6∗14.(1 = 5Φ/.5&
∗5:)&/6( ;7∗ ( 6∗14.( ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗ Ν
6.9∗)∗/,& ∗/2)∗ 4&+() (:1∗)4&6( Γ Y Η ∗ 17& ∗12.5&2.4& Γ Ŷ Η
2&:∗+& &:&.∆( 5(12)& (1 4&+()∗1 ∗12.5&6(1 6& /(2& 6∗ 9Φ1.∋&0 6&6(1 (1 4&+()∗1 6& /(2& 6∗
5&2∗532.∋&
+7/( (2& 6∗ 5&2∗532.∋& (2& 6∗ 9Φ1.∋& (2& 6∗ 9Φ1.∋& ∗12.5&6&
(X ) (:1∗)4&6& (Y ) ()
Ŷ
   0%
   0!%
 !  0
  ! 0!
+(2&/6( ∗12∗1 4&+()∗1 /75 ≅)39.∋(0 9.∋&5(1 ∋(5Β



 
  ∋

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

.≅7)& ! Ι ∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( ∗12.5&6&

)∗2& ∗5 4∗)5∗+8( = 2&+ ;7∗ & 1(5& 6(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6(1 6∗14.(1 ∗5 )∗+&,−( Ν1 /(2&1 6∗
9Φ1.∋& )∗&+5∗/2∗ (:2.6&1 = 5Φ/.5& ? & /(11& )∗2& ∗12.5&6& Γϑ∋&+∋7+&6&ΚΗ
5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( =Β
Yi = α + βX i + ε i
(5( /−( 2∗5(1 &∋∗11( Ν Ε(Ε7+&,−( ./2∗.)&0 /−( 1&:∗5(1 ;7&.1 (1 4&+()∗1 6∗ α ∗ β 
∗5(1 ∋(/6.,Μ∗1 &Ε∗/&1 6∗ ∗12.53Θ+(1 Γ(:2∗/6( a ∗ b Η
(5 .11(0 & )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( ∗12.5&6& =Β
Yˆi = a + bX i
7 1∗<&0 a ∗ b 1−( ∗12.5&6()∗1 Ε&)& α ∗ β  −( ∗12.5&6()∗1 /−( 4.∋.&6(1 12( Ε();7∗0
(:∗6∗∋.6&1 &+≅75&1 ∋(/6.,Μ∗1 Γ&;7∗+&1 ;7∗ ./6.∋&5(1 &/2∗).()5∗/2∗Β E (ε i ) = 0 Ξ
V (ε i ) = σ 2 ∗ cov(ε i , ε j ) = 0 0 Ε&)& i ≠ j Η0 = Ε(11Φ4∗+ 6∗5(/12)&) ;7∗Β
E (b) = β ∗
E (a) = α

5   617 00,8 94:

& ∗12.5&2.4& 6∗ 75& )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&)0 ( Ε)(:+∗5& 6& 8∗2∗)(∋∗6&12.∋.6&6∗ (∋())∗ ;7&/6(
Γ Η (1 6&6(1 1−( 2)&/14∗)1&.1
ΓΗ 83 &72())∗+&,−( 6(1 )∗1Φ67(1
ΓΗ 83 ∋())∗+&,−( Ε(1.2.4& ∗/2)∗ &1 4&).34∗.1 ./6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗1
ΓΗ & 4&).ς/∋.& 6(1 ∗))(1 /−( = ∋(/12&/2∗
ΓΗ &1 4&).34∗.1 ./6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗1 1−( /∗≅&2.4&1



 
  (

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

 
.5(1 ;7∗ 75& 6&1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 6( 5(6∗+( = ;7∗ & 4&).ς/∋.& 6(1 ∗))(1 1∗<& ∋(/12&/2∗
Γ8(5(∋∗6&12.∋.&Η ∗ & 4&).ς/∋.& 6(1 ∗))(1 /−( = ∋(/12&/2∗0 2∗5(1 & 8∗2∗)(∋∗6&12.∋.6&6∗

3 ;

5   <=  00, 946:

#5& &76.2().& 9(. )∗&+.Α&6& /&1 9.+.&.1  ∗  6& ∗5Ε)∗1& Ψ0 ∋(5 ( Ε)(ΕΧ1.2( 6∗ ∗∆&5./&) &
+.17)& 6(1 Ε)(∋∗11(1 6∗ ∋(5Ε)&1 ∗9∗27&6&1 ∗5 6∗2∗)5./&6( 2).5∗12)∗ &)& & )∗&+.Α&,−( 6∗
75 ∗1276(ΘΕ.+(2( ∗ ∋(/1.6∗)&/6( ;7∗ & Ε(Ε7+&,−( 6∗ /(2&1 9.1∋&.1 ∗∆.12∗/2∗1 /∗11&1 9.+.&.1
∗)& 57.2( ≅)&/6∗0 ∗5 ∋&6& 9.+.&+ 9(. 2(5&6& 75& &5(12)& &+∗&2Χ).& 1.5Ε+∗1 6∗ % /(2&1
9.1∋&.1 &)& ∋&6& /(2& 9.1∋&+ ∗∆&5./&6&0 )∗≅.12)(7Θ1∗0 ∗/2)∗ (72)&1 ∋(.1&10 ( +(≅&).25(

;7∗ &1 6.12).:7.,Μ∗1 6∗ > Ε&)& &1 9.+.&.1  ∗  1−( &Ε)(∆.5&6&5∗/2∗ /()5&.10 ∋(5 5=6.&1  ∗
/&27)&+ 6( 4&+() 6& ∋(5Ε)& ∋(/12&/2∗ /& /(2& 9.1∋&+Β > #5& &4&+.&,−( ∗12&2Φ12.∋& 5(12)(7

 ∗ 6∗14.(1 Ε&6)−(  ∗  0 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&5∗/2∗0 ∗5 ;7∗   

1 )∗17+2&6(1 Ε() 9.+.&+ 1−( 5(12)&6(1 /& 2&:∗+& &:&.∆(

(5 :&1∗ /&1 ./9()5&,Μ∗1 &∋.5& ∗ ∋(/1.6∗)&/6(Θ1∗ ;7∗ ΓΗ Ω 0% ∗ Γ0 Η Ω 0 0
∗5 ;7∗ ΓΑΗ )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& & 97/,−( 6∗ 6.12).:7.,−( &∋757+&6& 6& 6.12).:7.,−( /()5&+ Ε&6)−(0
<7+≅7∗ (1 .2∗51

    
Η () )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 (:2=5Θ1∗ 75 5(6∗+( /& 9()5&

∗5 ;7∗  )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& ( 4&+() 5=6.( 6& 6.12).:7.,−( 6∗  ∗5 97/,−( 6∗    ΓΕ&)& & 9.+.&+ Η
(7    ΓΕ&)& & 9.+.&+ Η0 ( ;7∗ Ε∗)5.2∗ ∋(/∋+7.) ;7∗ & ∋())∗+&,−( +./∗&) ∗/2)∗ ∗ Α = .≅7&+ &
Θ0

∗1(+7,−(Β
Η 9&2( 6∗ ( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ &/≅7+&) 6& )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( 1∗) .≅7&+ & Θ0 /−( Ε∗)5.2∗ ∋(/∋+7.)
;7∗ ( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ ∋())∗+&,−( 2&5:=5 1∗<& .≅7&+ & Θ0 1 67&1 ≅)&/6∗Α&1 /−( Ε)∗∋.1&5
/∗∋∗11&).&5∗/2∗ ∋(./∋.6.)
−( 2∗5(1 ./9()5&,Μ∗1 Ε&)& ∋&+∋7+&) ( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ ∋())∗+&,−( +./∗&)

3 



 
  )

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

5  ∃ <=  0∃ 946:

#5 ).:7/&+ 6∗ (/2&1 )∗&+.Α(70 ∗5 6∗2∗)5./&6( &/(0 75 +∗4&/2&5∗/2( ∗12&2Φ12.∋( Ε&)&
∗12.5&) & Ε)(Ε(),−( 6∗ Ε)(∋∗11(1 .))∗≅7+&)∗1 (5( & Ε(Ε7+&,−( 6∗ Ε)(∋∗11(1 .))∗≅7+&)∗1
∗∆.12∗/2∗1 = 57.2( ≅)&/6∗0 9(. 2(5&6& 75& &5(12)& &+∗&2Χ).& 1.5Ε+∗1 6∗  Ε)(∋∗11(1
.))∗≅7+&)∗1 1 Ε)(∋∗11(1 &5(12)&6(1 9()&5 ∋+&11.9.∋&6(1 ∗5 6(.1 2.Ε(1Β ∗  &:∗Θ1∗ ;7∗ &
;7&/2.6&6∗ 6∗ .))∗≅7+&).6&6∗1 Ε() Ε)(∋∗11( 6( 2.Ε(  1∗≅7∗0 &Ε)(∆.5&6&5∗/2∗0 75&
6.12).:7.,−( /()5&+0 ∗ (1 )∗17+2&6(1 Ε() 2.Ε( 6∗ Ε)(∋∗11( ∗12−( /& 2&:∗+& &:&.∆(

(5 :&1∗ /&1 ./9()5&,Μ∗1 &∋.5&0 ∗ ∋(/1.6∗)&/6(Θ1∗ ;7∗ Γ0 Η Ω 0%%!0 ∗5 ;7∗ ΓΑΗ
)∗Ε)∗1∗/2& & 97/,−( 6∗ 6.12).:7.,−( &∋757+&6& 6& 6.12).:7.,−( /()5&+ Ε&6)−(0 <7+≅7∗ ( .2∗5
17:1∗;7∗/2∗

∗+( 5=2(6( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗10 (:2=5Θ1∗ 75 5(6∗+( +./∗&) /& 9()5& Ρ Ω  Ζ !∆0
∗5 ;7∗ Ρ )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& & ;7&/2.6&6∗ 5=6.& 6∗ .))∗≅7+&).6&6∗1 ∗/∋(/2)&6&1 Ε() Ε)(∋∗11( ∗5
97/,−( 6∗ ∆ Ω  Γ1∗ ( Ε)(∋∗11( 9() 6( 2.Ε( Η (7 ∆ Ω  Γ1∗ ( Ε)(∋∗11( 9() 6( 2.Ε( Η

∗1(+7,−(Β
Ρ )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& & 5=6.& 6∗ .))∗≅7+&).6&6∗1 Ε() Ε)(∋∗11(
Ρ Ω 0 Ε&)& ∆ Ω  ∗ Ρ Ω  0 Ε&)& ∆ Ω 
(2∗ ;7∗ 1Χ 2∗5(1 6(.1 Ε(/2(1 6( 6.&≅)&5& 6∗ 6.1Ε∗)1−( (.1 Ε(/2(1 6∗9./∗5 75& )∗2&
11.50 /& 5./8& (Ε./.−(0 /−( 2∗5(1 75 Ε)(:+∗5& 6∗ ∗12&2Φ12.∋&0 /−( 1∗ 2)&2& 6∗ 75&
)∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) ? 5&.1 75 Ε)(:+∗5& 6∗ ≅∗(5∗2).& &/&+Φ2.∋&Β 6&6(1 6(.1 Ε(/2(10 6∗4∗5(1
6∗2∗)5./&) & ∗;7&,−( 6& )∗2& ;7∗ Ε&11& Ε() &5:(1

∗5(1Β

Ρ Ω 0 Ε&)& ∆ Ω Β

Ρ Ω  0 Ε&)& ∆ Ω Β

∗;7&,−( 9.∋&Β



 
  ,

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

∀7∗ )∗&+5∗/2∗ ∋(./∋.6∗ ∋(5 & ∗;7&,−( 9()/∗∋.6& /( .2∗5 () ∗11∗ 5(2.4(0 ( .2∗5 9(. 6&6(
∋(5( 

3 

5  % ?;4 00, 946:

1 ∗12.5&2.4&1 Ε&)& (1 4&+()∗1 2(2&.1 6&1 ∗∆Ε()2&,Μ∗1 ΓΗ ∗ 6&1 .5Ε()2&,Μ∗1 ΓΗ :)&1.+∗.)&1
∗5 ! 1−(0 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&5∗/2∗0 .≅7&.1 & #[ % :.+8Μ∗1 ∗ #[  :.+8Μ∗1 ;7&6)( &:&.∆(
&Ε)∗1∗/2& &1 1=).∗1 2∗5Ε()&.1 6(1 4&+()∗1 2(2&.1 &/7&.1 6&1 ∗∆Ε()2&,Μ∗1 ∗ .5Ε()2&,Μ∗1
:)&1.+∗.)&10 6∗  & 



 
   !∀#

(5 :&1∗ /∗11&1 ./9()5&,Μ∗10 <7+≅7∗ ( .2∗5 17:1∗;∴∗/2∗

<712&/6(Θ1∗ 75& 2∗/6Ο/∋.& +./∗&) 6( 2(2&+ .5Ε()2&6( Γ∋(5 ./2∗)∋∗Ε2( /−(Θ/7+(Η0 ∗5
97/,−( 6( 2∗5Ε(0 Ε() )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗10 & ∗12.5&2.4& 6∗ 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6(  ∗5
! 1∗)3 ./9∗).() & #[  :.+8Μ∗1

∗1(+7,−(Β

&)& 9&∋.+.2&) (1 ∋3+∋7+(10 4&5(1 6.4.6.) (1 4&+()∗1 6∗  Ε() 0 ∋).&/6( & 4&).34∗+ Ρ

1 4&+()∗1 6∗ Ρ 9.∋&5Β
 0 !0 
&5(1 2&5:=5 6∗9./.) & 4&).34∗+ ]2]0 ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗/2∗ &( 2∗5Ε( ∗5 &/(1 &)& ( &/( 6∗
 0 2 Ω  &)& ( &/( 6∗ 0 2 Ω 0 ∗ &11.5 Ε() 6.&/2∗
1 4&+()∗1 6∗ ]2] 1−(Β
0 0 
)∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( 2∗5 ( 1∗≅7./2∗ 9()5&2(Β

∗<&5 ;7∗Β



 
  /

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

 !    ∀  !# ∃ ∀  # ∀  !#
&5(1 ∋&+∋7+&) &1 Ε&)∋∗+&1 ;7∗ ∗/2)&5 /& 9Χ)57+& 6∗ ]:]Β

  Θ0 Θ  
 !  Θ  
   
(2&+ % 

( &/( 6∗ !0 2∗)∗5(1 2 Ω 

11.5Β

&)& ( &/( 6∗ !0 2∗5(1 Ρ Ω !

5 1∗≅7.6&0 Ε&)& ∋&+∋7+&) ( ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗/2∗ 4&+() 6∗ 0 :&12& 57+2.Ε+.∋&) Ε() ΓΕ(.10

;7&/6( ∋).&5(1 Ρ0 9.Α∗5(1 ∋(5 ;7∗ 9(11∗ ⊥ 6∗ Η

∗12.5&2.4& )∗&+5∗/2∗ = 5∗/() ;7∗  Γ:.+8Μ∗1Η


3 



 
  0

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

5  ∋ ?6≅ 00 946:

9.≅7)& &∋.5& ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗ & 75 6.&≅)&5& 6∗ 6.1Ε∗)1−( ∗/2)∗ & 4&).34∗+ Γ≅&12( Ε∗)∋∗/27&+
∋(5 1&Λ6∗Η ∗ Γ)∗/6& :)72& 9&5.+.&)0 ∗5 [ 5.+Η0 (:2.6& ∋(5 :&1∗ ∗5 75& &5(12)& 6∗ 
9&5Φ+.&1 (5 )∗1Ε∗.2( &( &<712∗ 6∗ 75 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 /& 9()5&
0 ∗5 ;7∗ = ( ∗))( &+∗&2Χ).( ∗ ∗ 1−( (1 ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗1 6( 5(6∗+(0 9()&5
(:2.6(1 (1 1∗≅7./2∗1 )∗17+2&6(1

∗))( Ε&6)−( 6(1 )∗1Φ67(1 Ω 0 Γ∋(5 ! ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗Η

 Ω 0!!
 &<712&6( Ω 0!

(5 :&1∗ /∗11&1 ./9()5&,Μ∗10 <7+≅7∗ ( .2∗5 1∗≅7./2∗

(/1.6∗)&/6( ;7∗  _ _ 0 = ∋())∗2( ./9∗).) ;7∗0 & ∋&6& 5.+ )∗&.1 &6.∋.(/&.1 /& )∗/6& :)72&
9&5.+.&)0 ( ≅&12( ∋(5 1&Λ6∗ = )∗67Α.6( ∗5 [ 0

∗1(+7,−(Β
∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ &/≅7+&) 6& )∗2& = Θ0 11.50 &75∗/2&/6( ∗5  Γ5.+ )∗&.1Η0  1∗)3 6.5./7Φ6(
∗5Β

Ρ 1∗)3 6.5./7Φ6( 0

6∗2&+8∗ = ( 1∗≅7./2∗ Σ ∗123 ∗∆Ε)∗11( ∗5 [ 0 11.50 1∗ ( 4&+() 0 1∗ )∗9∗).11∗ &
∆0 )∗Ε)∗1∗/2&).&0 6∗ 9&2(0 [ 0
(/276(0 0 1∗ )∗9∗)∗ & 0 ;7∗ ∗123 ∗∆Ε)∗11( ∗5 Ε()∋∗/2&≅∗50 ∗ /−( ∗5 5.+ )∗&.1 7 1∗<&0
( .2∗5 2∗/2(7 ./67Α.) ( ∋&/6.6&2( & ∗))(0 5.127)&/6( &1 7/.6&6∗1 6∗ ∆ ∗ 



 
  

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

∗175./6(Β 75 &75∗/2( 6∗  )∗&.1 /& )∗/6& :)72& )∗17+2& ∗5 75& )∗67,−( 6∗ 0
Ε(/2(1 /( ≅&12( Ε∗)∋∗/27&+ ∋(5 1&Λ6∗

3 

5  ( 74 Α 00( 9<44:

#5& ∗5Ε)∗1&0 ∋(5 9./&+.6&6∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&) & )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ ≅&12(1 &/7&.1 ∋(5 Ε)(Ε&≅&/6&
Γ
Η0 ∗5 [ 0 ∗ ( +7∋)( :)72( &/7&+ ΓΗ0 ∗5 [ 00 (Ε2(7 Ε() 72.+.Α&) ( 5(6∗+(
+./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 Yi = α + βX i + ε i 0 ∗5 ;7∗ Yi = ( 4&+() 6( +7∋)( :)72( &79∗).6( /( &/( . ∗ ε i (
∗))( &+∗&2Χ).( ∋(5 &1 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 ∋(/1.6∗)&6&1 Ε&)& & )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 Γ α
∗ β 1−( Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(1Η (/1.6∗)(70 Ε&)& ( ∗1276(0 &1 1∗≅7./2∗1 ./9()5&,Μ∗1
)∗9∗)∗/2∗1 Ν1 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 /(1 Λ+2.5(1  &/(1 6& ∗5Ε)∗1&Β
10 10 10 10

Y
i =1
i = 100 Ξ X
i =1
i = 60 Ξ X i × Yi = 650 Ξ  (X )
i =1
i
2
= 400 Ξ  (Y )
i =1
i
2
= 1080

#2.+.Α&/6( & ∗;7&,−( 6& )∗2& (:2.6& Ε∗+( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(10 2∗5Θ1∗ ;7∗0 ∋&1(
8&<& 75 ≅&12( &/7&+ ∋(5 Ε)(Ε&≅&/6& 6∗ ! 5.+ )∗&.10 & Ε)∗4.1−( 6( +7∋)( :)72( &/7&+0 ∗5
5.+ )∗&.10 1∗)3 6∗Β
&Η !
:Η 0
∋Η 
6Η !0
∗Η  !

 
1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 ;7∗ ( ∗/7/∋.&6( 6.11∗ ;7∗ 9()&5 (:∗6∗∋.6&1 1−( &;7∗+&1 ;7∗ ./6.∋&5(1
&/2∗).()5∗/2∗ Θ E (ε i ) = 0 Ξ V (ε i ) = σ 2 ∗ cov(ε i , ε j ) = 0 0 Ε&)& i ≠ j 

&)& ∋&+∋7+&) & Ε)∗4.1−(0 Ε)∗∋.1&5(1 ∗/∋(/2)&) (1 4&+()∗1 6∗ a ∗ b 6( 5(6∗+( 6∗

)∗≅)∗11−(

b=
 [(X − X )× (Y − Y )]
i i

 (X − X )
2
i

b=
 (X Y ) − n X Y
i i

 (X ) − n X
2 2
i

650 − 10 × 6 × 10
b=
400 − 10 × 6 2



 
  

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

650 − 600 50
b= = = 1,25
400 − 360 40
 ( 4&+() 6∗ a 9.∋&Β
a = Y − bX
100 60
a= − 1,25 × = 10 − 7,5 = 2,5
10 10
()2&/2(0 ( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( =Β
Yˆi = a + bX i

Yˆi = 2,5 + 1,25 X i

∀7&/6( X i = 80 0 & ∗12.5&2.4& 6( +7∋)( :)72( 9.∋&Β

Yˆi = 2,5 + 1,25 × 80 = 102,5


3 7

72)& ;7∗12−( :∗5 Ε&)∗∋.6&Β

5  ) 74 00( 9<44:

#5& ∗5Ε)∗1&0 ∋(5 9./&+.6&6∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&) & )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ ≅&12(1 &/7&.1 ∗5 Ε∗1;7.1& ∗
6∗1∗/4(+4.5∗/2( Γ
Η0 ∗5 5.+8&)∗1 6∗ )∗&.10 ∗ ( &∋)=1∋.5( &/7&+ /&1 4∗/6&1 ΓΗ0 2&5:=5 ∗5
5.+8&)∗1 6∗ )∗&.10 (Ε2(7 Ε() 72.+.Α&) ( 5(6∗+( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 Yi = α + βX i + ε i 0 ∗5 ;7∗ Yi =
( &∋)=1∋.5( /&1 4∗/6&1 /( &/( . ∗ ε i ( ∗))( &+∗&2Χ).( ∋(5 &1 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1
∋(/1.6∗)&6&1 Ε&)& & )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 Γ α ∗ β 1−( Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(1Η
(/1.6∗)(70 Ε&)& ( ∗1276(0 &1 1∗≅7./2∗1 ./9()5&,Μ∗1 )∗9∗)∗/2∗1 Ν1 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 /(1 Λ+2.5(1
 &/(1 6& ∗5Ε)∗1&Β
10 10 10 10

 Yi = 160 Ξ
i =1
 X i = 100 Ξ
i =1
 X i × Yi = 1900 Ξ  ( X i )2
i =1
= 1200 Ξ  (Y )
i =1
i
2
= 3060

#2.+.Α&/6( & ∗;7&,−( 6& )∗2& (:2.6& Ε∗+( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(10 (:2∗4∗Θ1∗0 Ε&)&
75 6∗2∗)5./&6( ≅&12( ∗5 Ε∗1;7.1& ∗ 6∗1∗/4(+4.5∗/2(0 75& Ε)∗4.1−( 6∗ &∋)=1∋.5( /&1
4∗/6&1 /( 4&+() 6∗ % 5.+ )∗&.1 4&+() ;7∗ 1∗ ∋(/1.6∗)(7 Ε&)& ( ≅&12( ∋(5 Ε∗1;7.1& ∗
6∗1∗/4(+4.5∗/2(0 ∗5 5.+ )∗&.10 9(.Β
&Η 
:Η 0
∋Η 0
6Η 0
∗Η 0



 
  ∃

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

 
&)& ∋&+∋7+&) & Ε)∗4.1−(0 Ε)∗∋.1&5(1 ∗/∋(/2)&) (1 4&+()∗1 6∗ a ∗ b 6( 5(6∗+( 6∗
)∗≅)∗11−(

b=
 [(X − X )× (Y − Y )]
i i

 (X − X )
2
i

b=
 (X Y ) − n X Y
i i

 (X ) − n X
2 2
i

1.900 − 10 × 16 × 10 300
b= = = 1,5
1.200 − 10 × 10 2 200
 ( 4&+() 6∗ a 9.∋&Β
a = Y − bX
160 100
a= − 1,5 × = 16 − 15 = 1
10 10
()2&/2(0 ( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( =Β
Yˆi = a + bX i

Yˆi = 1 + 1,5 X i

∀7&/6( Yˆi = 19 0 ( 4&+() 6∗ X i =Β

19 = 1 + 1,5 × X i
18
Xi = = 12
1,5


3 

5  , <= 6 00( 9<44:

5 75 6∗2∗)5./&6( Ε&Φ10 6∗1∗<&Θ1∗ 6∗2∗)5./&) & )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ & )∗/6& 6.1Ε(/Φ4∗+ ΓΗ0 ∗5
:.+8Μ∗1 6∗ 6Χ+&)∗10 ∗ ( ∋(/175( ΓΗ0 2&5:=5 ∗5 :.+8Μ∗1 6∗ 6Χ+&)∗1 (. 72.+.Α&6( ( 5(6∗+(
+./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 Ci = α + βYi + ε i 0 ∗5 ;7∗ . = ( ∋(/175( /( &/( .0 Ρ. = ( 4&+() 6& )∗/6&
6.1Ε(/Φ4∗+ /( &/( . ∗ ε i ( ∗))( &+∗&2Χ).( ∋(5 &1 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 Ε&)& & )∗≅)∗11−(
+./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗10 α ∗ β 1−( Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(10 ∋7<&1 ∗12.5&2.4&1 9()&5 (:2.6&1
&2)&4=1 6( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 &)& (:2∗/,−( 6∗12& )∗+&,−( ∋(/1.6∗)(7Θ1∗
&./6& &1 1∗≅7./2∗1 ./9()5&,Μ∗1 ∋(+8.6&1 &2)&4=1 6& (:1∗)4&,−( /(1 Λ+2.5(1  &/(1Β



 
  %

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

10 10 10 10 10

 C i = 90 0
i =1
 Yi = 100 0
i =1
 Yi Ci = 1.100 0
i =1
 Yi = 1.250 0
i =1
2
C
i =1
i
2
= 1.010

&)& ( ∋3+∋7+( 6( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ ∋())∗+&,−( 6∗ ∗&)1(/ Γ)Η0 71(7Θ1∗ & 9Χ)57+&Β

cov(Y , C )
r= ∗5 ;7∗ cov(Y , C ) = & ∋(4&).ς/∋.& ∗/2)∗  ∗ 0 DP(Y ) = ( 6∗14.(
DP ( y ) × DP (C )
Ε&6)−( 6∗  ∗ DP(C ) = ( 6∗14.( Ε&6)−( 6∗ 
/2−(Β
&Η (:2∗/6( Ε&)& 75 6∗2∗)5./&6( &/( 75& Ε)∗4.1−( Ε&)& ( ∋(/175( 6∗  :.+8Μ∗1 6∗
6Χ+&)∗10 1.≅/.9.∋& ;7∗ & )∗/6& 6.1Ε(/Φ4∗+ ∋(/1.6∗)&6& 9(. 6∗ 0 :.+8Μ∗1 6∗ 6Χ+&)∗1
:Η ( 4&+() 6& ∗12.5&2.4& ∗/∋(/2)&6( Ε&)& ( Ε&)ς5∗2)( β = .≅7&+ & 0
∋Η ( 4&+() 6& ∗12.5&2.4& ∗/∋(/2)&6( Ε&)& ( Ε&)ς5∗2)( α = .≅7&+ & 
6Η ( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ ∗∆Ε+.∋&,−( ) ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗/2∗ = α
∗Η 72.+.Α&/6( & ∗;7&,−( 6& )∗2& (:2.6& Ε∗+( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(10 2∗5Θ1∗ ;7∗0
∗5 75 &/(0 ∋&1( & )∗/6& 6.1Ε(/Φ4∗+ 1∗<& .≅7&+ &  :.+8Μ∗1 6∗ 6Χ+&)∗10 ( ∋(/175( 1∗)3 .≅7&+
&  :.+8Μ∗1 6∗ 6Χ+&)∗1

 
&5(1 ∗/∋(/2)&) (1 4&+()∗1 6∗  ∗ 

b=
 [(X − X )× (Y − Y )]
i i

 (X − X )
2
i

b=
 (X Y ) − n X Y i i

 (X ) − n X
2 2
i

Χ ;7∗ &;7.0 /( +7≅&) 6∗
2∗5(1   /( +7≅&) 6∗  2∗5(1 

b=
 (Y C ) − nCY
i i

 (Y ) − nY
2 2
i

1.100 − 10 × 9 × 10 200
b= = = 0,8
1.250 − 10 × 10 2 250
11.50 & ∗12.5&2.4& Ε&)& ( Ε&)ς5∗2)( β = .≅7&+ & 0! +∗2)&  ∗123 ∗))&6&

a = Y − bX
Χ ;7∗ &;7.0 ∗5 4∗Α 6∗
2∗5(1  ∗ ∗5 4∗Α 6∗  2∗5(1 
a = C − bY
a = 9 − 0,8 × 10 = 1
∗12.5&2.4& 6( Ε&)ς5∗2)( α = .≅7&+ &  +∗2)&  ∗123 ∗))&6&



 
  ∋

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

∗ Ε&)& 75 6∗2∗)5./&6( &/( & Ε)∗4.1−( 6∗ ∋(/175( 9() 6∗  :.+8Μ∗10 ∗/2−( & )∗/6&
∋(/1.6∗)&6& 9(.Β
C = a + bY
10 = 1 + 0,8Y

Y=
(10 − 1) = 11,25
0,8
+∗2)& 2&5:=5 ∗123 ∗))&6&

&1( & )∗/6& 6.1Ε(/Φ4∗+ 1∗<& 6∗  :.+8Μ∗10 ( ∋(/175( 1∗)3Β

C = a + bY
C = 1 + 0,8 × 15 = 13
+∗2)&  ∗123 ∋())∗2&

3 

5  / 148? Α 00) 9<44:

#5 ∗1276( )∗&+.Α&6( ∗5 75& ∗5Ε)∗1& 1(:)∗ & )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ ( +7∋)( :)72( &/7&+ ΓΗ0 ∗5
5.+8&)∗1 6∗ )∗&.10 ∗ (1 ≅&12(1 &/7&.1 ∋(5 Ε)(Ε&≅&/6& Γ
Η0 2&5:=5 ∗5 5.+8&)∗1 6∗ )∗&.10
./6.∋& ;7∗ 75& :(& (Ε,−( = & 72.+.Α&,−( 6( 5(6∗+( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 Yi = α + βX i + ε i 0 ∗5 ;7∗
Yi = ( +7∋)( :)72( /( &/( β.χ0 X i )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& (1 ≅&12(1 ∋(5 Ε)(Ε&≅&/6& /( &/( β.χ0 ε i = (
∗))( &+∗&2Χ).( ∋(5 &1 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 ∋(/1.6∗)&6&1 Ε&)& & )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) ∗ α ∗ β
1−( Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(1 Ε() 5∗.( 6( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 (:2∗4∗Θ1∗ (
4&+() 6∗   Ε&)& & ∗12.5&2.4& 6( Ε&)ς5∗2)( α 0 ∋(/1.6∗)&/6( &1 1∗≅7./2∗1 ./9()5&,Μ∗1
(:2.6&1 Ε∗+&1 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 /(1 Λ+2.5(1  &/(1Β
10 10

 Yi = 2.500
i =1
X
i =1
i = 400

#2.+.Α&/6( & ∗;7&,−( 6& )∗2& (:2.6& Ε∗+( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(10 ∋&1( & ∗5Ε)∗1&
&+5∗<∗ (:2∗) ∗5 75 6∗2∗)5./&6( &/( 75 +7∋)( :)72( 6∗   5.+ )∗&.10 6∗4∗ &Ε)∗1∗/2&) 75
2(2&+ 6∗ ≅&12(1 ∋(5 Ε)(Ε&≅&/6&0 ∗5 5.+ )∗&.10 6∗Β
&Η 
:Η !
∋Η 
6Η 
∗Η 

 



 
  (

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

(6∗5(1 ∋&+∋7+&) &1 5=6.&1 6∗
∗ 

10

Y i
2.500
Y= i =1
= = 250
10 10
10

X i
400
X = i =1
= = 40
10 10
&:∗5(1 ;7∗ & ∗12.5&2.4& 6∗ α = 6&6& Ε()Β
a = Y − bX
150 = Y − b X
150 = 250 − b × 40
b = 2,5
)∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( 9.∋&Β
Yˆi = a + bX i

Yˆi = 150 + 2,5 × X i

&)& (:2∗) 75 +7∋)( 6∗   5.+ )∗&.10 2∗5(1Β

450 = 150 + 2,5 × X i
X i = 120

3 4

5  0 ;86?  800∋ 9<44:

&)& )∗1(+4∗) Ν ;7∗12−( 1∗≅7./2∗0 ∋(/1.6∗)∗ ;7∗ 9(. )∗&+.Α&6( 75 ∗1276( ∗5 75 Ε&Φ1 ∋(5 &
9./&+.6&6∗ 6∗ 1∗ 6∗2∗)5./&) & )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ & ∗/6& .1Ε(/Φ4∗+ ΓΗ0 ∗5 5.+8Μ∗1 6∗ 6Χ+&)∗10 ∗
( ∋(/175( ΓΗ0 2&5:=5 ∗5 5.+8Μ∗1 6∗ 6Χ+&)∗1
&:∗Θ1∗ ;7∗ 9(. 72.+.Α&6( ( 5(6∗+( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 Ci = a + bYi + ei 0 ∗5 ;7∗ . = ( ∋(/175(
/( &/( .0 Ρ. = & )∗/6& 6.1Ε(/Φ4∗+ /( &/( β.χ ∗ ei ( ∗))( &+∗&2Χ).( ∋(5 &1 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1
∋(/1.6∗)&6&1 Ε&)& & )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1
12∗ ∗1276( &Ε)∗1∗/2(7 &1 1∗≅7./2∗1 ./9()5&,Μ∗1 ∋(+8.6&1 &2)&4=1 6& (:1∗)4&,−( /(1
Λ+2.5(1  &/(1Β
10 10 10 10 10

 Ci = 800
i =1
 Yi = 1.000
i =1
 Yi C i = 83.600
i =1
 Yi = 105.000
i =1
2
C
i =1
i
2
= 67.240

∗;7&,−( 6& )∗2& &<712&6& Ε∗+( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 ∗/∋(/2)&6& 9(.Β
&Η Cˆ i = 20 + 0,60 × Yi

:Η Cˆ i = 10 + 0,70 × Yi

∋Η Cˆ i = 8 + 0,72 × Yi

6Η Cˆ i = 6 + 0,74 × Yi



 
  )

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

∗Η Cˆ i = 4 + 0,76 × Yi

 
Χ1 2∗5(1 )∗Ε)∗1∗/2&6( (1 Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6( 5(6∗+( Ε() α ∗ β   )∗Ε)∗1∗/2&5(1 17&1
∗12.5&2.4&1 Ε() a ∗ b 
(.1 :∗50 /∗12∗ ∗∆∗)∋Φ∋.( (1 Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 ∗12−( 1∗/6( ∋8&5&6(1 6∗ a ∗ b  &5(1 ∋8&5&)
17&1 ∗12.5&2.4&1 6∗ â ∗ b̂ 
72)& 576&/,& /(1 /(5∗1 = & ;7∗ 1∗≅7∗ ∗)&+5∗/2∗ ∋8&5&5(1 & 4&).34∗+ ./6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗
6∗
∗ & 6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗ 6∗  ;7. ∗+&1 9()&5 2)(∋&6&10 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&5∗/2∗0 Ε()  ∗ 

bˆ =
 [(Y − Y )× (C − C )]
i i

 (Y − Y )
2
i

bˆ =
 (Y × C ) − n × Y × C
i i

 (Y ) − nY
2 2
i

83.600 − 10 × 100 × 80
bˆ = = 0,72
105.000 − 10 × 100 2
 ∋(5 .11( <3 63 Ε&)& 5&)∋&) & +∗2)& 

∗ 2(6( 5(6(0 4&5(1 ∗/∋(/2)&) & ∗12.5&2.4& 6∗ a

aˆ = C − bY = 80 − 0,72 × 100 = 8
)∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( 9.∋&Β
Cˆ i = 8 + 0,72 × Yi


3 4

5   1Β 6Χ 00/ 9<44:

5 75& 6∗2∗)5./&6& ∗5Ε)∗1& = )∗&+.Α&6( 75 ∗1276( 1(:)∗ & )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ (1 ≅&12(1 ∋(5
Ε7:+.∋.6&6∗0 ∗5 [ 00 ∗ ( &∋)=1∋.5( /( 9&27)&5∗/2( &/7&+0 ∗5 [ 0 (.
∗1∋(+8.6( Ε&)& &/3+.1∗ ( 5(6∗+( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 Ρ. Ω δ Ζ εΣ. Ζ φ.0 1∗/6( ;7∗ Ρ. = ( &∋)=1∋.5(
/( 9&27)&5∗/2( 6( &/( .0 Σ. )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& (1 ≅&12(1 ∋(5 Ε7:+.∋.6&6∗ /( &/( . ∗ φ. = ( ∗))(
&+∗&2Χ).( ∋(5 &1 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 ∋(/1.6∗)&6&1 Ε&)& & )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 Γδ ∗ ε
1−( Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(1 Η &)& (:2∗/,−( 6&1 ∗12.5&2.4&1 6∗ δ ∗ ε 72.+.Α(7Θ1∗ (
5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 ∋(5 :&1∗ /&1 ./9()5&,Μ∗1 6(1 Λ+2.5(1  &/(1 6&
∗5Ε)∗1&0 (7 1∗<&Β



 
  ,

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

10 10 10 10 10

 Yi = 180 Ξ
i =1
 X i = 100 Ξ
i =1
 X iYi = 1.912 Ξ
i =1
 X i = 1.080 Ξ
i =1
2
Y
i =1
i
2
= 3.440

#2.+.Α&/6( & ∗;7&,−( 6& )∗2& (:2.6& Ε∗+( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(10 2∗5Θ1∗ ;7∗ 1∗ &
∗5Ε)∗1& &+5∗<&) 75 &∋)=1∋.5( /( 9&27)&5∗/2(0 ∗5 75 6∗2∗)5./&6( &/(0 6∗ [  0
6∗4∗)3 &Ε)∗1∗/2&)0 /∗12∗ Ε∗)Φ(6(0 75 2(2&+ ∗5 ≅&12(1 ∋(5 Ε7:+.∋.6&6∗ 6∗
Γ Η [ 0
ΓΗ [ !0
ΓΗ [ 0
ΓΗ [ 0
ΓΗ [  0

 3
&5(1 5&.1 )&Ε.6&5∗/2∗>
1912 − 1800
b= = 1,4
1080 − 1000
a = 18 − 1,4 × 10 = 4
(6∗+(Β
Yˆ = 4 + 1,4 X
25 = 4 + 1,4 X
X = 15

3 

5   1Β 6 00/ 9<44:

(/1.6∗)∗ ;7∗ 9(. (:2.6( &2)&4=1 6( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 ( &<712&5∗/2( 6(
5(6∗+( Yi = α + βX i + ε i 0 ∗5 ;7∗ . ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗ & .Θ=1.5& (:1∗)4&,−(0 α ∗ ε 1−(
Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(1 ∗ ε i ( ∗))( &+∗&2Χ).(0 ∋(5 &1 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 ∋(/1.6∗)&6&1
Ε&)& & )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 (. 72.+.Α&6& 75& &5(12)& &+∗&2Χ).& ∋(5  Ε&)∗1 6∗
(:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 ΓΣ.0 Ρ.Η0 . = 0 0 0    0 Ξ (:2∗/6(Θ1∗ Ε&)& & ∗12.5&2.4& 6∗ β ( 4&+() 6∗ 0 
4&+() 6& 5=6.& 6&1 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 Σ. 9(. .≅7&+ &  ∗ 6∗ Ρ. .≅7&+ & 
4&+() ∗/∋(/2)&6( 6& ∗12.5&2.4& 6∗ α 9(. .≅7&+ &
Γ Η 
ΓΗ 
ΓΗ 
ΓΗ  
ΓΗ 



 
  /

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

     
 3

     ∃ %
    &  

3 ;

5  ∃ 1Β 6 00/ 9<44:

(/1.6∗)∗ ;7∗ 9(. (:2.6( &2)&4=1 6( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 ( &<712&5∗/2( 6(
5(6∗+( Yi = α + βX i + ε i 0 ∗5 ;7∗ . ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗ & .Θ=1.5& (:1∗)4&,−(0 α ∗ ε 1−(
Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(1 ∗ ε i ( ∗))( &+∗&2Χ).(0 ∋(5 &1 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 ∋(/1.6∗)&6&1
Ε&)& & )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 (. 72.+.Α&6& 75& &5(12)& &+∗&2Χ).& ∋(5  Ε&)∗1 6∗
(:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 ΓΣ.0 Ρ.Η0 . = 0 0 0    0 Ξ (:2∗/6(Θ1∗ Ε&)& & ∗12.5&2.4& 6∗ β ( 4&+() 6∗ 0 
4&+() 6& 5=6.& 6&1 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 Σ. 9(. .≅7&+ &  ∗ 6∗ Ρ. .≅7&+ & 
#2.+.Α&/6( & ∗;7&,−( 6& )∗2& (:2.6& Ε∗+( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(10 2∗5Θ1∗ ;7∗ Ε&)&
75 4&+() ∗12.5&6( 6∗  Ε&)& Ρ0 ( 4&+() ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗/2∗ 6∗ Σ =
Γ Η 
ΓΗ 
ΓΗ 
ΓΗ !
ΓΗ 

( ∗∆∗)∋Φ∋.( &/2∗).() 4.5(1 ;7∗ & ∗12.5&2.4& 6∗ ∋ =  

 3

   ( 
11.50 & )∗2& (:2.6& Ε∗+( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 9.∋&Β

   ( 
&)& Ρ ∗12.5&6( ∗5  0 2∗5(1Β

    
)
  %∗


3 7

5  % <= 6 00/ 9<44:

≅)39.∋( &:&.∆( 6∗5(/12)& & ∗4(+7,−( 6& )∗∋∗.2& 2).:723).& &/7&+ /( ∗12&6( 6∗ −( &7+(
6∗16∗ %%%0 ∋(5 (1 4&+()∗1 &))∗∋&6&6(1 ∗5 :.+8Μ∗1 6∗ )∗&.1



 
  ∃0

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

&)& ∗12.5&) & )∗∋∗.2& 2).:723).& ∗5 75 6∗2∗)5./&6( &/( ∋(5 :&1∗ /( ∋(5Ε()2&5∗/2(
17≅∗).6( Ε∗+( ≅)39.∋(0 &6(2(7Θ1∗ ( 5(6∗+( Yt = α + βt + ε t Ξ  = 0 0  0 1∗/6( Yt = ln(RTt )
Ρ2 = +/ Γ2Η0 ∗5 ;7∗ 2 = & )∗∋∗.2& 2).:723).& /( &/( Γ%%!+2Η ∗5 :.+8Μ∗1 6∗ )∗&.1 ∗ +/ (
+(≅&).25( /∗Ε∗).&/( Γ ln e = Η α ∗ β 1−( Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(1 ∗ ε t ( ∗))( &+∗&2Χ).(
∋(5 &1 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 ∋(/1.6∗)&6&1 Ε&)& ( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1
#2.+.Α&/6( ( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(10 ∋(5 :&1∗ /&1 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 6∗ %%% & !0
(:2∗4∗Θ1∗ Ε&)& & ∗12.5&2.4& 6∗ β ( 4&+() 6∗ 00 1&:∗/6(Θ1∗ ;7∗Β
10

Y t = 39,0
t =1

Ε)∗4.1−( 6& )∗∋∗.2& 2).:723).& Ε&)& %0 ∗5 :.+8Μ∗1 6∗ )∗&.10 ∗5 97/,−( 6& ∗;7&,−(
(:2.6& Ε∗+( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 = .≅7&+ &
Γ Η ∗0 !

ΓΗ ∗0 

ΓΗ ∗0
ΓΗ ∗0
ΓΗ ∗0

 3

%)
5=6.& 6∗ Ρ Ε(6∗ 1∗) ∋&+∋7+&6& & Ε&)2.) 6( 1(5&2Χ).( 9()/∗∋.6(Β

 
 %)

5=6.& 6∗  = .≅7&+ & 0 Γ5=6.& 6(1 /Λ5∗)(1 /&27)&.1 6∗  &2= Η



 
  ∃

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

!  

     !

(≅(Β

  %)   ∃ 

  %+

   ( 
()2&/2(Β


  %+ (  ∃   +∗

  ,−∀./ #
&:∗5(1 ;7∗Β

./  0 122

(≅(Β

()2&/2(0 & ∗12.5&2.4& 6& )∗∋∗.2& 2).:723).& 1∗)3Β

0 345

3 7

5  ∋ ?6  00∋ 94:

(/1.6∗)∗ (1 6&6(1 &5(12)&.1 6∗ 75 ∗1276( 6& )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ ( /Λ5∗)( 6∗ &/(1 ;7∗ (1
∋&/6.6&2(1 & ∗5Ε)∗≅(1 ∗5 75 6∗2∗)5./&6( :&/∋( ∋(5∗)∋.&+ ∗1276&)&5 ./≅+Ο1 /& 9&∋7+6&6∗
∗ &1 /(2&1 (:2.6&1 ∗5 75 2∗12∗ 6∗ Ε)(9.∋.Ο/∋.& /∗11& +Φ/≅7&

(5 :&1∗ /∗11&1 ./9()5&,Μ∗10 & )∗2& 6∗ 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 ;7∗ 5∗+8() ∗∆Ε+.∋& & )∗+&,−(
∗/2)∗ ( /Λ5∗)( 6∗ &/(1 6∗ ∗1276( ∗ & /(2& 6( 2∗12∗ 6∗ ./≅+Ο1 = .≅7&+ &Β
Γ Η  Ω 0 Ζ 0 ∆
ΓΗ  Ω 0 Ζ 0∆



 
  ∃

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

ΓΗ  Ω 0% Ζ 0 ∆
ΓΗ  Ω  0 Ζ 0%∆
ΓΗ  Ω  0  Ζ 0∆

 
&1 ;7∗12Μ∗1 &/2∗).()∗10 ( ∗/7/∋.&6( 1∗5Ε)∗ 9()/∗∋.& 6.4∗)1(1 1(5&2Χ).(10 Ε&)& 9&∋.+.2&) (
2)&:&+8( :)&,&+ 12( /−( &∋(/2∗∋∗7 /∗12& ;7∗12−( 7 1∗<&0 Ε&)& ∋&+∋7+&) & )∗2& 6∗
)∗≅)∗11−(0 Ε)∗∋.1&)Φ&5(1 9&Α∗) 2(6&1 &1 ∋(/2&1 /& 5−(0 ( ;7∗ 2(5& 57.2( 2∗5Ε(
&+4∗Α Ε() ∗12∗ 5(2.4( & ;7∗12−( &Ε)∗1∗/2∗ &+2∗)/&2.4&1 57.2( 6.9∗)∗/2∗1 ∗/2)∗ 1.
:1∗)4∗5 ;7∗0 Ε&)& ;7&+;7∗) 4&+() 6∗  ∗/2)∗  ∗ 0 ∃ /−( 17Ε∗)&  Υ3 Ε(6∗5(1 6∗1∋&)2&)
&1 &+2∗)/&2.4&1 0 0 0 ;7∗ Ε)∗4Ο∗5 4&+()∗1 &+2(1 Ε&)& ∃ Γ57.2( 17Ε∗).()∗1 & Η0 5∗15(
;7&/6(  = :&.∆(
&)& 1∗ 2∗) 75& .6=.&0 ∋(/1.6∗)∗ & +∗2)&  ∗ 9.Α∗)5(1  .≅7&+ & 0 ∃ 1∗)3 &Ε)(∆.5&6&5∗/2∗
.≅7&+ & 0 &+≅( 2(2&+5∗/2∗ ./∋(5Ε&2Φ4∗+ ∋(5 & 2&:∗+& 9()/∗∋.6&
.∋&5(1 ∗/2)∗ &1 &+2∗)/&2.4&1 ∗  &)& ∗1∋(+8∗) ∗/2)∗ &5:&10 4&5(1 2)&:&+8&) ∋(5 (1
4&+()∗1 ∗∆2)∗5(1 6∗  ∀7&/6(  = .≅7&+ & 0 &1 )∗2&1 6&1 +∗2)&1 ∗  Ε)∗4Ο∗5 (1 1∗≅7./2∗1
4&+()∗1 Ε&)& ∃Β

∗2)& Β !0

∗2)& Β 0!%
:1∗)4∗5 ;7∗ ( 4&+() 6&
∗2)&  = 57.2( 5&.1 Ε)Χ∆.5( 6(1 4&+()∗1 ;7∗ ∃ )∗&+5∗/2∗
&1175∗0 ;7&/6(  = .≅7&+ &  Υ3 63 Ε&)& 5&)∋&) +∗2)& 
∗ 4(∋Ο &./6& 9.∋&) ∗5 6Λ4.6&0 Ε(6∗ 9&Α∗) ( 5∗15( 2∗12∗ Ε&)&  .≅7&+ &  ∗12∗ ∋&1(0 &1
∗12.5&2.4&1 1∗).&5Β

∗2)& Β %0

∗2)& Β !0!
(4&5∗/2∗0 & ∗12.5&2.4& 6& +∗2)&  9(. :∗5 5∗+8()

3 7

5  ( 617 00, 94:

2&:∗+& &:&.∆( 5(12)& &1 6∗5&/6&1 ;7∗ (∋())∗)&5 /75& 6∗2∗)5./&6& Ε)(67,−(



 
  ∃∃

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

(5 :&1∗ /(1 ∋(/∋∗.2(1 6∗ ∗≅)∗11−(

./∗&) .5Ε+∗10 ;7&/2&1 7/.6&6∗1 ∋(5ΕΜ∗5 &
6∗5&/6& Ε&)& <7+8(>
Γ Η 
ΓΗ 
ΓΗ 
ΓΗ 
ΓΗ !

 
72)& ;7∗12−( ;7∗ /−( 9()/∗∋∗7 1(5&2Χ).(1 4&/2&≅∗5 &≅()& = ;7∗ (1 /Λ5∗)(1
∗/4(+4.6(1 1−( Ε∗;7∗/(1 Γ.12( /−( ∗4.2& ( 2)&:&+8( :)&,&+0 5&1 Ε∗+( 5∗/(1 6∗.∆& &1 ∋(/2&1
75 Ε(7;7./8( 5&.1 2)&/;∴.+&1Η
&5(1 6&) /Λ5∗)(1 Ε&)& (1 5∗1∗1 6( &/( Γ Ε&)& <&/∗.)(0  Ε&)& 9∗4∗)∗.)(0 ∗ &11.5 Ε()
6.&/2∗Η
&)& 9&∋.+.2&) &./6& 5&.1 /(11(1 ∋3+∋7+(10 4&5(1 ./6.∋&) & 6∗5&/6& ∗5 5.+ 7/.6&6∗1
Σ Ρ ΣΡ
  
  
  
  
 
 
2(2&+   
∗5(1Β

X i = 21

= 1 + 4 + 9 + 16 + 25 + 36 = 91
2
X i

 XY = 225
21
X = = 3,5
6



 
  ∃%

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

75
Y= = 0
6

(≅(Β

b=
 [(X − X )× (Y − Y )]
i i

 (X − X )
2
i

b=
 XY − n × X × Y =
225 − 6 × 3,5 × 12,5
= −2,14
 X − nX
2 2
91 − 6 × 3,5 2

a = Y − bX
a = 12,5 + 2,14 × 3,5 = 
∗12∗ 5(6(0 ;7&/6( X = 7 0 & ∗12.5&2.4& 6& 6∗5&/6& 9.∋&Β
Ŷ = 20 − 2,14 × 7 = 0

3 7

5  ) <= ? 00∋ 9<:

(/1.6∗)∗ ( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&)
Yi = α + β X i + ε 0  Ω 0 0 0 

/6∗ (1 Yi )∗Ε)∗1∗/2&5 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 6& 4&).34∗+ )∗1Ε(12& 0 (1 X i )∗Ε)∗1∗/2&5

(:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 6& 4&).34∗+ ∗∆Χ≅∗/&
 ∗ (1 ε i 1−( ∗))(1 /−( ∋())∗+&∋.(/&6(1 ∋(5 6.12).:7.,−(
∋(575 /()5&+ ∋(5 5=6.& Α∗)( ∗ 4&).ς/∋.& % 5 )∗Ε∗2.6&1 &5(12)&1 6( 5(6∗+(0 6&6( X i 0
&11./&+∗ & (Ε,−( ;7∗ 63 & Ε)(Ε(),−( ∗1Ε∗)&6& 6∗ (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 6∗ Y ;7∗ 6.9∗)∗5 ∗5 4&+()
&:1(+72( 6∗ 17& 5=6.& Ε() /( 53∆.5( 0  5 17& )∗1Ε(12& 9&,& 71( 6& 2&:∗+& 6& 97/,−( 6∗
6.12).:7.,−( φ (X ) 6& /()5&+ Ε&6)−( 6&6& &:&.∆(

X φ (X )
0 0
0  0%
0 0!
0  0%
&Η 0 
:Η 0% 
∋Η 0%
6Η 0!
∗Η 0%



 
  ∃∋

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

 
&)& 75 6&6( 4&+() X i 0 Yi = 6&6( Ε()Β

Yi = α + β X i + ε
∗1Ε∗)&/,& 6∗  9.∋&Β
E (Yi ) = E (α + β X i + ε ) = E (α ) + E (β X i ) + E (ε )
(5( & ∗1Ε∗)&/,& 6∗ ε = .≅7&+ & Α∗)( ∗ (1 6∗5&.1 2∗)5(1 1−( ∋(/12&/2∗10 9.∋&5(1 ∋(5Β
E (Yi ) = α + β X i
12( ∗;7.4&+∗ & 6.Α∗) ;7∗ & 5=6.& 6∗  ∗123 <712&5∗/2∗ 1(:)∗ & )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−(

&)& 75 6&6( 4&+() 6∗ X i 0 & 4&).ς/∋.& 6∗  9.∋&Β

Yi = α + β X i + ε

V (Yi ) = V (α ) + V (β X i ) + V (ε )
4&).ς/∋.& 6∗ ε = .≅7&+ & % Γ6&6& /( ∗∆∗)∋Φ∋.(Η 1 6∗5&.1 2∗)5(1 1−( ∋(/12&/2∗1 Γ4&).ς/∋.&
Α∗)(Η
V (Yi ) = V (ε ) = 9
12( ∗;7.4&+∗ & 6.Α∗) ;7∗ & 4&).ς/∋.& 6∗ 0 Ε&)& 75 4&+() 6∗
6&6(0 = .≅7&+ Ν 4&).ς/∋.& 6&
4&).34∗+ ε 
11.50 & 4&).34∗+  ≅.)& ∗5 2()/( 6∗ 17& 5=6.& ∋(5 4&).ς/∋.& % (5( ( ∗∆∗)∋Φ∋.( 6.11∗ ;7∗
ε 2∗5 6.12).:7.,−( /()5&+0 (1 4&+()∗1 6∗  ≅.)&5 ∗5 2()/( 6∗ 17& 5=6.& 1∗≅7/6( 75&
6.12).:7.,−( /()5&+ 6∗ 4&).ς/∋.& %
(12&)Φ&5(1 6∗ 1&:∗) ( Ε∗)∋∗/27&+ 6∗ 4&+()∗1 6∗  ;7∗ ∗123 & 75& 6.12ς/∋.& 6∗0 /( 53∆.5(0
0 6& 5=6.& )∗∋.1&)Φ&5(1 ∋(/17+2&) & 2&:∗+& 6∗ 3)∗&1 6& 4&).34∗+ /()5&+ Ε&)& ( 4&+()
α + βX i + 0 
(/276(0 & 2&:∗+& 9()/∗∋.6& /( ∗∆∗)∋Φ∋.( = 1Χ Ε&)& & 4&).34∗+ )∗67Α.6& ΓΩ Ε&6)−(Η
)∗∋.1&5(1 72.+.Α&) & 4&).34∗+ )∗67Α.6&Β
Yi − E (Yi )
Z=
σ
&:∗5(1 ;7∗ & 4&).ς/∋.& = %
σ 2 = 9
σ = 3
α + βX i + 1,5 − α + βX i 1,5
Z= = = 0,5
3 3
()2&/2(0 ∋(/17+2&5(1 & 2&:∗+& Ε&)& ( 4&+() 0 
& 2&:∗+&0 2∗5(1 ;7∗ %0α 6(1 4&+()∗1 6∗ γ 1−( 5∗/()∗1 (7 .≅7&.1 & 0 



 
  ∃(

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

()2&/2(0 0%α 6(1 4&+()∗1 1−( 17Ε∗).()∗1 & 0  (5( & 4&).34∗+ /()5&+ 2∗5 97/,−(
6∗/1.6&6∗ 6∗ Ε)(:&:.+.6&6∗ 1.5=2).∋&0 0%α 6(1 4&+()∗1 1−( ./9∗).()∗1 & Θ0 

.≅7)& % Ι )∗& 4∗)6∗Β Ε∗)∋∗/27&+ 6∗ 4&+()∗1 6& 4&).34∗+ γ ∗/2)∗ Θ0 ∗ 0

∗17+2& ;7∗ !0α 6(1 4&+()∗1 ∗12−( ∗/2)∗ Θ0 ∗ 0 

Ε)(Ε(),−( ∗1Ε∗)&6& 6∗ 4&+()∗1 6∗ % ;7∗ 6.12&5 /( 53∆.5( 0 6∗ 17& 5=6.& = .≅7&+ &
!0α
5∗15( 1∗ &Ε+.∋& &(1 4&+()∗1 6∗  ;7∗ +8∗1 1−( ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗/2∗1 !0α 6(1 4&+()∗1 6∗ 
6.12&5 /( 53∆.5( 0 6∗ 17& 5=6.&

3 ;

5  , ?6 00( 9<:

(5 ( (:<∗2.4( 6∗ ∗12.5&)Θ1∗ ( 5(6∗+( Ρ Ω δ Ζ β Σ0 9(. )∗2.)&6& 75& &5(12)& ∋(5 ∋./∋(
Ε&)∗1 6∗ (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 ΓΣ0ΡΗ0 (:2∗/6(Θ1∗ (1 1∗≅7./2∗1 )∗17+2&6(1Β

∗11∗ 5(6(0
&Η Ρ Ω Ι  Ι Σ
:Η Ρ Ω  Ι Σ
∋Η Ρ Ω Σ
6Η Ρ Ω  Ζ Σ



 
  ∃)

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

∗Η Ρ Ω Ι  Ζ Σ

 3

β=
 (X Y ) − n X Y
i i
=
140 − 5 ⋅ 3 ⋅ 8 140 − 120 20
= = =2
 (X ) − n X 55 − 5 ⋅ 3 2 55 − 45
2
2 10
i

α = Y − bX = 8 − 2⋅3 = 2

11.50 Ρ Ω δ Ζ β ΣΩΖ∆

3 ;

)      #  # 



η3 (72)( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +.≅∗.)&5∗/2∗ 6.9∗)∗/2∗ 6( ;7∗ 4.5(1 &2= &;7.0 ∗5 ;7∗ 1∗ 9&Α
∋(5 ;7∗ & )∗2& Ε&11∗ Ε∗+& ().≅∗5 12∗ 1∗≅7/6( 5(6∗+( = 71&6( ∗5 ∋&1(1 ∗∆∋∗Ε∋.(/&.10
;7&/6( 83 &+≅75& )&Α−( 2∗Χ).∋& ;7∗ /(1 ./6.;7∗ 1∗) ∗11∗ ( 5(6∗+( 5&.1 &6∗;7&6(
&5(1 4∗) ∋(5( 9.∋&).& ∗12∗ 1∗≅7/6( 5(6∗+(0 Ε() 5∗.( 6( ∗∆∗)∋Φ∋.( & 1∗≅7.)

5  / 14≅800, 946:

#5& &≅Ο/∋.& 6∗ 6∗1∗/4(+4.5∗/2( 7):&/( 6.47+≅(7 (1 6&6(1 &Ε)∗1∗/2&6(1 /& 2&:∗+&
& 1∗≅7.)0 &∋∗)∋& 6(1 /Λ5∗)(1 6∗ .5Χ4∗.1 (9∗)2&6(1 Γ
Η ∗ 4∗/6.6(1 ΓΗ ∗5 6∗2∗)5./&6(
57/.∋ΦΕ.(0 /(1 &/(1 6∗  & 

/( Λ5∗)( 6∗ .5Χ4∗.1
9∗)2&6(1 Γ
Η ∗/6.6(1 ΓΗ
   
   
  
(/1.6∗)&/6( &1 ./9()5&,Μ∗1 6( 2∗∆2(0 <7+≅7∗ ( .2∗5 17:1∗;∴∗/2∗
∗12.5&2.4& 6( 4&+() 6( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ α 6& )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( Y = αX 0 ∗5 ;7∗  )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& (
/Λ5∗)( ∗1Ε∗)&6( 6∗ .5Χ4∗.1 4∗/6.6(1 Ε&)& 75& ;7&/2.6&6∗
6∗ .5Χ4∗.1 (9∗)2&6(10 =
17Ε∗).() & 0 ∗ ./9∗).() & 0

 
∗<& a & ∗12.5&2.4& 6∗ α  ∗<& Ŷ & ∗12.5&2.4& 6∗ Y  &6(1 (1 4&+()∗1 6∗ X 0 &1 ∗12.5&2.4&1
6∗ Y 9.∋&5Β



 
  ∃,

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

Yˆ = aX
6∗14.( 9.∋&Β
e = Y − Yˆ
e = Y − aX
(5&/6( (1 ;7&6)&6(1 6∗ 2(6(1 (1 6∗14.(10 /75 ∋(/<7/2( 6∗
(:1∗)4&,Μ∗1Β
2
e 2
=  (Y − aX )

 ;7∗)∗5(1 &∋8&) ( 4&+() 6∗  ;7∗ 5./.5.Α& ∗12& 1(5& ? Ε(11Φ4∗+ 6∗5(/12)&) ;7∗ &
∗12.5&2.4& 6∗  ;7∗ 5./.5.Α& & 1(5& 6(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6(1 6∗14.(1 = 6&6& Ε()Β

a=
 ( XY )
(X ) 2

     #  # 

(6∗+(Β Y = αX + ε
∗12.5&2.4& 6∗ α = 6&6& Ε()Β

a=
 ( XY )
(X ) 2

12& = & 9Χ)57+& ;7∗ 2∗5(1 ;7∗ 71&)

/( X Y X ×Y X2
       
      
    
 
     % 

a=
 ( XY )
(X ) 2

2.250.000
a= ≅ 0,242
9.312.500
2∗5 ∋())∗2(

3 

5  0 ?6 ;∆ 00∋ 94:

( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( Y = βX + ε 0 ( ∗12.5&6() 6∗ 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6∗ β =Β



 
  ∃/

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

 
;7.0 ( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ &/≅7+&) 6& )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( ∗123 1∗/6( ∋8&5&6( 6∗ β Γ;7&/6(0 /(
∗∆∗)∋Φ∋.( &/2∗).()0 9(. ∋8&5&6( 6∗ α Η
)&2&Θ1∗ 6∗ &Ε+.∋&,−( 6.)∗2& 6& 9Χ)57+& ∗1276&6&

3 4

 Χ ; −Ε4 ; 

#5 2∗12∗ 6∗ 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 57.2( ∋(575 = &;7∗+∗ ;7∗ 2∗12& & 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ /7+& 6∗ ;7∗ (
∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ β 6& )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( = /7+( &1( & 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ /7+& 1∗<& 4∗)6&6∗.)&0 2∗5(1 ;7∗
& )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( = 8().Α(/2&+
∗+∗5:)&/6( ( 1.≅/.9.∋&6( 6& )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( &)& ∋&6& 4&+() 6∗
/Χ1 2∗5(1 75& 17:Θ
Ε(Ε7+&,−( 6∗ 4&+()∗1 6∗  ∋(5 5=6.& 6&6& Ε∗+& )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( ∗ 4&).ς/∋.& σ 2 
∗ & )∗2& = 8().Α(/2&+0 ∗/2−( 2(6&1 &1 17:ΘΕ(Ε7+&,Μ∗1 2∗)−( & 5∗15& 5=6.&
7+& Ε&11&6& /Χ1 4.5(1 75& 9∗))&5∗/2& Ε&)& 2∗12&) 1∗ & 5=6.& 6∗ 6.9∗)∗/2∗1 Ε(Ε7+&,Μ∗1
1−( .≅7&.1 ∗/2)∗ 1. 12& 9∗))&5∗/2& ∗)& & &/3+.1∗ 6∗ 4&).ς/∋.&
(5( 2∗12&) & 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ 6∗ β 1∗) .≅7&+ & Α∗)( ∗;7.4&+∗ & 2∗12&) & 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ 6∗ &1 4&)&.1
Ε(Ε7+&,Μ∗1 2Ο5 & 5∗15& 5=6.&0 ∗/2−( Ε(6∗5(1 71&) & &/3+.1∗ 6∗ 4&).ς/∋.& Ε&)& .11(
&5(1 4∗) ∋(5( 9.∋&

   Φ

∀7&/6( 72.+.Α&5(1 & )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&)0 (:2∗5(1 Yˆi 0 ;7∗ = 75& ∗12.5&2.4& Ε&)& Y 
6.9∗)∗/,& ∗/2)∗ ∗12&1 67&1 ≅)&/6∗Α&1 = ( 6∗14.(
ei = Yi − Yˆi
∗&))&/<&/6( (1 2∗)5(1Β
Yi = ei + Yˆi



 
  %0

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

7:2)&./6( Y 6(1 6(.1 +&6(1Β

Yi − Y = ei + Yˆi − Y
+∗4&/6( &( ;7&6)&6(Β

(Y − Y ) = (e + Yˆ − Y )
i
2
i i
2

(Y − Y ) = e + (Yˆ − Y ) + 2 × e × (Yˆ − Y )
i
2
i
2
i
2
i i

(5&/6( &1 Ε&)∋∗+&1 &∋.5& Ε&)& 2(6(1 (1 4&+()∗1 6∗ .Β

) =  e +  (Yˆ − Y )
 (Yi −Y
2
i
2
i
2
[ (
+ 2 ×  ei × Yˆi − Y )]
? Ε(11Φ4∗+ 6∗5(/12)&) ;7∗  [e × (Yˆ − Y )] = 0 
i i

()2&/2(Β

 (Y i −Y ) =  e +  (Yˆ − Y )
2
i
2
i
2

 ( ;7∗ = ;7∗ 2∗5(1 &Φ ∗5 ∋.5&> ∗5(1 1(5&1 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1

&6& 75& 6∗12&1 Ε&)∋∗+&1 )∗∋∗:∗ 75 /(5∗ ∗1Ε∗∋.&+Β

 (Y )
2
• i −Y
1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 2(2&+ Γ∀(2&+Η

•
2
e i
1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 6(1 )∗1Φ67(1 Γ∀∗1Φ67(1Η

 (Yˆ − Y )
2
• i
1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 6( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( Γ∀∗≅)∗11−(Η Ι
∋())∗1Ε(/6∗ Ν (5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6( 6∗ 2)&2&5∗/2(10 4.12& /& &7+& Ε&11&6&
()2&/2(Β
SQTotal = SQ Re gressao + SQ Re siduos
? Ε(11Φ4∗+ 6∗5(/12)&) ;7∗Β
SQ Re gressao = b ×  X − X Y − Y [( )( )]
/6∗  = & ∗12.5&2.4& 6( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ &/≅7+&) 6& )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−(

    Φ
SQTotal = SQ Re gressao + SQ Re siduos

SQ Re gressao = b ×  X − X Y − Y [( )( )]



 
  %

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

&5(1 ∋&+∋7+&) ∋&6& 75 6∗12∗1 4&+()∗1 Ε&)& &;7∗+∗1  &+7/(1 ;7∗ 9.Α∗)&5 &1 Ε)(4&1 6∗ 9Φ1.∋&
∗ 5&2∗532.∋&
+7/( (2& 6∗ 5&2∗532.∋& (2& 6∗ 9Φ1.∋&
(X ) (Y )
  
  
 ! 
  !
=6.& 0 

∗12& &7+& 9.Α∗5(1 ( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) Ε&)&0 & Ε&)2.) 6&1 /(2&1 6∗ 5&2∗532.∋&0
∗12.5&) &1 /(2&1 6∗ 9Φ1.∋& )∗17+2&6( 9(.Β

+7/( (2& 6∗ 5&2∗532.∋& (2& 6∗ 9Φ1.∋& (2& 6∗ 9Φ1.∋& ∗12.5&6&

(X ) (Y ) Ŷ()
   0%
   0!%
 !  0
  ! 0!

Ε&)2.) 6(1 4&+()∗1 &∋.5&0 Ε(6∗5(1 5(/2&) ( ;7&6)( &:&.∆(Β

(2& 6∗ 9Φ1.∋& (2& 6∗ 9Φ1.∋& ∗12.5&6& (
e 2 = Y − Yˆ )2
(Yˆ − Y )
2
(Y − Y )
2

(Y ) ()
Ŷ
 0% 0% 0% 
 0!% 0 0 
 0 0  0  
! 0! 0 0 
 
0! 0!! 

& Λ+2.5& +./8& 6& 2&:∗+&0 2∗5(1Β

SQTotal = 2
SQ Re gressao = 1,8286
SQ Re siduos = 0,1686
(2∗ ;7∗Β

 (Y i −Y ) =  e +  (Yˆ − Y )
2
i
2
i
2

7 &./6&Β
SQTotal = SQ Re gressao + SQ Re siduos



 
  %

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

& 4∗)6&6∗0 17:12.27./6( (1 4&+()∗10 (:2∗5(1Β

2 = 1,9972
6.9∗)∗/,& 1∗ 6∗4∗ &(1 &))∗6(/6&5∗/2(1 Γ(1 4&+()∗1 &Ε)∗1∗/2&6(1 Ε&)& &1 /(2&1 6∗ 9Φ1.∋&
∗12.5&6& ∗12−( &))∗6(/6&6(1Η

 5 Γ

  Η
 <

&/3+.1∗ 6∗ 4&).ς/∋.&0 &Ε+.∋&6& Ν )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−(0 1∗)4∗ Ε&)& 2∗12&) & 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ 6∗ ;7∗ β =
.≅7&+ & Α∗)(
.5(1 ;7∗0 Ε&)& ∋&6& 4&+() 6∗
0 /Χ1 2∗5(1 75& Ε(Ε7+&,−( 6∗ 4&+()∗1 6∗  ;7∗ ≅.)& ∗5
2()/( 6& )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( &1( & )∗2& 1∗<& 8().Α(/2&+0 2(6&1 &1 Ε(Ε7+&,Μ∗1 6∗ 4&+()∗1 6∗ 
≅.)&)−( ∗5 2()/( 6( 5∗15( 4&+() (6&1 ∗+&1 2∗)−( & 5∗15& 5=6.&

(≅(0 &1 1(5&1 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 6∗ 6∗14.(10 &∋.5& 6∗9./.6&10 Ε(6∗5 1∗) 71&6&1 Ε&)& 2∗12&) &
8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ 6∗ ;7∗ ( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ β = .≅7&+ & Α∗)(
8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ /7+& Γ β = 0 Η /&6& 5&.1 = ;7∗ 17Ε() ;7∗ & )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( = 8().Α(/2&+ 7
1∗<&0 = & 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ 6∗ ;7∗ 2(6&1 &1 17:ΘΕ(Ε7+&,Μ∗1 6∗  Ε)(4=50 /& 4∗)6&6∗0 6∗ 75& Λ/.∋&
Ε(Ε7+&,−( Γ(7 1∗<&0 &Ε)∗1∗/2&5 5∗15& 5=6.& ∗ 5∗15& 4&).ς/∋.&Η  4.5(1 /& &7+& Ε&11&6&
;7∗ & &/3+.1∗ 6∗ 4&).ς/∋.& Ε(6∗ 1∗) 72.+.Α&6& <712&5∗/2∗ Ε&)& .11( &12& ∋&+∋7+&) &
∗12&2Φ12.∋& 0 ∋(5 :&1∗ /(1 ;7&6)&6(1 5=6.(1
( ∋&1( 6& )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&)0 2∗5(1Β

 (Y )
2
• i −Y
SQTotal
n − 1 ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗

•
SQ Re siduos
n − 2 ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗

2
e i

 (Yˆ − Y )
2
• i
SQ Re gressao
1 ≅)&7 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗

 (1 ;7&6)&6(1 5=6.(1 9.∋&5 &11.5

SQTotal
• ∀7&6)&6( 5=6.( 2(2&+Β QMTotal =
n −1
SQ Re siduos
• ∀7&6)&6( 5=6.( 6(1 6∗14.(1Β QM Re siduos =
n−2
SQ Re gressao
• ∀7&6)&6( 5=6.( 6( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−(Β QM Re gressão =
1

&)& ( ∋&1( 6(1 &+7/(1 ;7∗ 9.Α∗)&5 &1 Ε)(4&1 6∗ 9Φ1.∋& ∗ 5&2∗532.∋&0 2∗5(1Β
2 2
QMTotal = =
4 −1 3



 
  %∃

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

0,1686
QM Re siduos = = 0!
4−2
1,8286
QM Re gressao = = 1,8286
1
 & ∗12&2Φ12.∋&  9.∋&Β
QM Re gressao 1,8286
F _ teste = = = 0
QM Re siduos 0,0842

∃ 4∀

   
 

1 1(5&1 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 1∗)4∗5 Ε&)& 6∗9./.) 75& ≅)&/6∗Α& ∋(/8∗∋.6& ∋(5( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗
6∗2∗)5./&,−( 6& )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&)
+∗ = 6&6( Ε()Β
SQ Re gressao
r2 =
SQTotal
12& ≅)&/6∗Α&0 /( ∋&1( 6( 5(6∗+( Yi = α + β X i + ε i 0 = .≅7&+ &( ;7&6)&6( 6( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗
∋())∗+&,−( +./∗&)0 ∗1276&6( /& &7+& Ε&11&6&
∗ & 1(5& 6(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6(1 )∗1Φ67(1 9() Ε∗;7∗/&0 6∗ 2&+ 9()5& ;7∗ r 2 1∗ &Ε)(∆.5∗ 6∗ 0
.12( 1.≅/.9.∋& ;7∗ &1 6.9∗)∗/,&1 ∗/2)∗ (1 4&+()∗1 (:1∗)4&6(1 Γ Yi Η ∗ & 5=6.& Γ Y Η 1−( ;7&1∗
2(2&+5∗/2∗ ∗∆Ε+.∋&6(1 Ε∗+& )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−(
∗ & 1(5& 6(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6(1 )∗1Φ67(1 9() ≅)&/6∗0 6∗ 2&+ 9()5& ;7∗ r 2 1∗ &Ε)(∆.5∗ 6∗ Α∗)(0
.12( 1.≅/.9.∋& ;7∗ & )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( Ε(7∋( ∗∆Ε+.∋& 1(:)∗ &1 6.9∗)∗/,&1 ∗/2)∗ (1 4&+()∗1
(:1∗)4&6(1 ∗ & 5=6.& 7 1∗<&0 = Ε∗)∋& 6∗ 2∗5Ε( 9.∋&) ∋&+∋7+&/6( )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( 1∗ ∗+& =
75 ∗12.5&6() )7.5
(5( ( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ ∋())∗+&,−( ΓΗ &1175∗ 4&+()∗1 ∗/2)∗ Θ ∗ 0 ∗/2−( ( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗
6∗2∗)5./&,−( ΓΗ &1175∗ 4&+()∗1 ∗/2)∗  ∗ 

5   74 00( 9<44:

#5& ∗5Ε)∗1&0 ∋(5 9./&+.6&6∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&) & )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ ≅&12(1 &/7&.1 ∋(5 Ε)(Ε&≅&/6&
Γ
Η0 ∗5 [ 0 ∗ ( +7∋)( :)72( &/7&+ ΓΗ0 ∗5 [ 00 (Ε2(7 Ε() 72.+.Α&) ( 5(6∗+(
+./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 Yi = α + β X i + ε i 0 ∗5 ;7∗ Yi = ( 4&+() 6( +7∋)( :)72( &79∗).6( /( &/( . ∗ ε i (
∗))( &+∗&2Χ).( ∋(5 &1 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 ∋(/1.6∗)&6&1 Ε&)& & )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 Γ α
∗ β 1−( Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(1Η (/1.6∗)(70 Ε&)& ( ∗1276(0 &1 1∗≅7./2∗1 ./9()5&,Μ∗1
)∗9∗)∗/2∗1 Ν1 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 /(1 Λ+2.5(1  &/(1 6& ∗5Ε)∗1&Β
10 10 10 10

 Yi = 100 Ξ
i =1
 X i = 60 Ξ
i =1
 X i × Yi = 650 Ξ  ( X i )2 = 400 Ξ  (Yi )2 = 1080
i =1 i =1



 
  %%

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

(/2&/6( ( ;7&6)( 6∗ &/3+.1∗ 6∗ 4&).ς/∋.&0 2∗5Θ1∗ ;7∗Β

&Η & 4&).&,−( ∗∆Ε+.∋&6&0 9(/2∗ 6∗ 4&).&,−( 6∗4.6( Ν )∗≅)∗11−(0 &Ε)∗1∗/2& 75 4&+() .≅7&+ & !Ξ
:Η 6.4.6./6( & 4&).&,−( )∗1.67&+ Ε∗+& 4&).&,−( 2(2&+0 (:2∗5(1 ( ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗/2∗ ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗
6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−(Ξ
∋Η ( 4&+() 6& ∗12&2Φ12.∋&  /∗∋∗113).& Ε&)& ( 2∗12∗ 6& ∗∆.12Ο/∋.& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( = .≅7&+ &(
∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6& 6.4.1−( 6& 4&).&,−( ∗∆Ε+.∋&6& Ε∗+& 4&).&,−( )∗1.67&+
6Η & 4&).&,−( )∗1.67&+ &Ε)∗1∗/2& 75 4&+() .≅7&+ & 0
∗Η & 4&).&,−( 2(2&+ &Ε)∗1∗/2& 75 4&+() .≅7&+ & 0 
ι :1∗)4&,−(Β ∋(/1.6∗)∗ ;7∗ 4(∋Ο <3 1&:∗ ;7∗ (1 ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗1  ∗  1−( 6&6(1 Ε()Β a = 2,5 Ξ
b = 1,25 0 ∋(/9()5∗ ∋3+∋7+(1 6& ∀7∗12−( ϕ

 
5 4∗Α 6∗ 72.+.Α&) ( 2∗)5( ϑ1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1Κ0 & ;7∗12−( ∗123 72.+.Α&/6( ϑ4&).&,−(Κ
11.50 9&Α∗/6( & ∋())∗1Ε(/6Ο/∋.& 6(1 2∗)5(1 6& ;7∗12−( ∋(5 &;7∗+∗1 ;7∗ /Χ1 4.5(1Β
Θ (5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 2(2&+Β 4&).&,−( 2(2&+
Θ (5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 6(1 )∗1Φ67(1Β 4&).&,−( )∗1.67&+
Θ (5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 6& )∗≅)∗11−(Β 4&).&,−( ∗∆Ε+.∋&6& Γ(7 1∗<&0 = & Ε&)2∗ 6& 4&).&,−( 2(2&+
;7∗ = ∗∆Ε+.∋&6& Ε∗+( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−(Η
4&).&,−( 2(2&+ 9.∋&Β

(
SQTotal =  Yi − Y )
2

#2.+.Α&/6( & 2)&/19()5&,−( ;7∗ 4.5(1Β

(
SQTotal =  Yi − Y ) = Y
2
i
2
− nY
2

SQTotal = 1.080 − 10 × 10 2 = 80
()2&/2( & +∗2)&  ∗123 ∗))&6&

4&).&,−( ∗∆Ε+.∋&6& ΓΩ4&).&,−( 6( 5(6∗+( Ω (5& 6∗ ∀7&6)&6(1 6& ∗≅)∗11−(Η 9.∋&Β

[(
SQ Re gressao = b ×  X − X Y − Y )( )]
#2.+.Α&/6( &1 2)&/19()5&,Μ∗1 4.12&1Β
S Re gressao = b × ( ( XY ) − n X Y )
S Re gressao = b × ( ( XY ) − n X Y )

SQ Re gressao = 1,25 × (650 − 10 × 6 × 10 ) = 1,25 × 50 = 62,5

∗12∗ 5(6(0 & +∗2)& ∗123 ∗))&6&



 
  %∋

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

4&).ς/∋.& )∗1.67&+ ΓΩ(5& 6∗ ∀7&6)&6(1 6∗ ∗1Φ67(1Η = .≅7&+ &Β

SQ Re siduos = SQTotal − SQ Re gressão = 80 − 62,5 = 17,5
 & +∗2)&  ∗123 ∋())∗2&

&5(1 ∋8∗∋&) & &+2∗)/&2.4& 

.5(1 ;7∗Β
SQ Re gressao
r2 =
SQTotal
SQ Re siduos
+∗2)&  Ε)∗2∗/6∗ 6.Α∗) ;7∗ r 2 = 0 ( ;7∗ ∗123 ∗))&6(
SQTotal
() 9.50 4∗<&5(1 & +∗2)&  ∗12&2Φ12.∋&  = 6&6& Ε()Β
QM Re gressao SQ Re gressao / 1
F _ teste = =
QM Re siduos SQ Re siduos /( n − 2)
SQ Re gressao
&+2∗)/&2.4&  ∗123 ∗))&6&0 Ε(.1 &9.)5& ;7∗ & ∗12&2Φ12.∋&  = 6&6& Ε() 0
SQ Re siduos
.≅/()&/6( &1 6.4.1Μ∗1 Ε∗+(1 ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗

3 ;

5   ;86? 1 00∋ 9<44:

&)& )∗1(+4∗) Ν ;7∗12−( 1∗≅7./2∗0 ∋(/1.6∗)∗ ;7∗ 9(. )∗&+.Α&6( 75 ∗1276( ∗5 75 Ε&Φ1 ∋(5 &
9./&+.6&6∗ 6∗ 1∗ 6∗2∗)5./&) & )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ & ∗/6& .1Ε(/Φ4∗+ ΓΗ0 ∗5 5.+8Μ∗1 6∗ 6Χ+&)∗10 ∗
( ∋(/175( ΓΗ0 2&5:=5 ∗5 5.+8Μ∗1 6∗ 6Χ+&)∗1
&:∗Θ1∗ ;7∗ 9(. 72.+.Α&6( ( 5(6∗+( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 C i = a + bYi + ei 0 ∗5 ;7∗ . = ( ∋(/175(
/( &/( .0 Ρ. = & )∗/6& 6.1Ε(/Φ4∗+ /( &/( β.χ ∗ ei ( ∗))( &+∗&2Χ).( ∋(5 &1 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1
∋(/1.6∗)&6&1 Ε&)& & )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1
12∗ ∗1276( &Ε)∗1∗/2(7 &1 1∗≅7./2∗1 ./9()5&,Μ∗1 ∋(+8.6&1 &2)&4=1 6& (:1∗)4&,−( /(1
Λ+2.5(1  &/(1Β
10 10 10 10 10

 Ci = 800
i =1
 Yi = 1.000
i =1
 Yi Ci = 83.600
i =1
 Yi = 105.000
i =1
2
C
i =1
i
2
= 67.240

∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ ∋())∗+&,−( r 6∗ ∗&)1(/ ∗/2)∗ &1 4&).34∗.1  ∗  = (:2.6( Ε∗+& 9Χ)57+&Β

cov(C , Y )
r= ∗5 ;7∗Β
DP (Y ) × DP(C )
(4Γ0Η = & ∋(4&).ς/∋.& ∗/2)∗  ∗ Ξ
ΓΗ = ( 6∗14.( Ε&6)−( 6∗ 



 
  %(

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

ΓΗ = ( 6∗14.( Ε&6)−( 6∗ 

∗5Θ1∗ ;7∗ ( 4&+() 6( ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−( r 2 = .≅7&+ &Β
&Η α
:Η α
∋Η α
6Η !α
∗Η %α

 3
Χ1 2∗5(1 )∗Ε)∗1∗/2&6( (1 Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6( 5(6∗+( Ε() α ∗ β   )∗Ε)∗1∗/2&5(1 17&1
∗12.5&2.4&1 Ε() a ∗ b 
(.1 :∗50 /∗12∗ ∗∆∗)∋Φ∋.( (1 Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 ∗12−( 1∗/6( ∋8&5&6(1 6∗ a ∗ b  &5(1 ∋8&5&)
17&1 ∗12.5&2.4&1 6∗ â ∗ b̂ 

SQTotal =  Ci − C ( )
2

 (C ) − nC
n
2 2
Ω i
i =1

()2&/2(Β

 (C ) − nC
n
2
SQTotal = = 67.240 − 10 × 80 2 = 3.240
2
i
i =1

SQ Re gressao = bˆ × ( (YC ) − n × Y × C )
SQ Re gressao = bˆ × (83.600 − 10 × 100 × 80)

3 /& ∀7∗12−(  /Χ1 4.5(1 ;7∗ bˆ = 0,72

(≅(Β
SQ Re gressao = 0,72 × (83.600 − 10 × 100 × 80 ) = 2.592
() 9.50 ∋8∗≅&5(1 &Β
SQ Re gressao
r2 =
SQTotal
2.592
r2 = = 0,80
3.240

3 ;



 
  %)

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

5  ∃ 14  00∋ 94:

4&+.&,Μ∗1 6∗ 2∗))∗/(1 :&1∗.&5Θ1∗0 ≅∗)&+5∗/2∗0 ∗5 5(6∗+(1 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) /(1 ;7&.1 (
Ε)∗,( 6∗ 4∗/6& = 75& 97/,−( 6∗ &+≅75&1 4&).34∗.1 2&.1 ∋(5( ( 2&5&/8( 6( 2∗))∗/(0 17&1
∋(/6.,Μ∗1 ∗ +(∋&+.Α&,−( #5& &5(12)& 6∗ 2∗))∗/(1 ∋(5∗)∋.&+.Α&6(1 /( Λ+2.5( 5Ο1 ∋(+∗2(7
6&6(1 1(:)∗ ( Ε)∗,( 6& 4∗/6&0 ∗5 [  00 ( 2&5&/8( 6( 2∗))∗/(0 ∗5 50 ∗ & 6.12ς/∋.&
&( ∋∗/2)( 6& ∋.6&6∗0 ∗5 Π5 ).5∗.)&5∗/2∗ (:2∗4∗Θ1∗ ( 5(6∗+( ∋(5 &Ε∗/&1 & 4&).34∗+
2&5&/8( 6( 2∗))∗/(0
0 ∋(5( ∗∆Ε+.∋&2.4& 6( Ε)∗,( 6∗ 4∗/6& 1 Ε)./∋.Ε&.1 ;7&/2.2&2.4(1
)∗+&2.4(1 & ∗11∗ 5(6∗+( 9()&5 ∋&+∋7+&6(1 ∋(5(Β

(/1.6∗)&/6( ( ;7&6)( &∋.5&0 (1 4&+()∗1 6∗
  ∗ %0 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&5∗/2∗0 1−(Β

Γ Η !0  ∗ 0 Θ
ΓΗ !0  ∗ 0
ΓΗ !0  ∗ 0
ΓΗ !0  ∗ 0
ΓΗ 00 ! ∗ 0

 
;7&6)&6( 5=6.( 6(1 )∗1Φ67(1 = .≅7&+ &  Γ6&6( /( ∗/7/∋.&6(Η
SQ Re siduos
QM Re siduos = = 36
18
SQ Re siduos = 18 × 36 = !

(≅(Β
X = 648
(5 .11( <3 Ε(6∗5(1 5&)∋&) & +∗2)& 
;7&6)&6( 5=6.( 6(1 )∗1Φ67(1 =  Γ6&6( /( ∗/7/∋.&6(Η ()2&/2(0  Ω 



 
  %,

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 2(2&+ = 6∗ ! Γ6&6( ∗/7/∋.&6(Η ()2&/2(0 & 1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 6&
)∗≅)∗11−( =Β
SQ Re gressao = SQTotal − SQ Re siduos
SQ Re gressao = 2826 − 648 = !
∗12&2Φ12.∋&  9.∋&Β
QM Re gressao SQ Re gressao / 1 2178
F _ teste = = = = 0
QM Re siduos 36 36

3 ;

5  % 46 00, 94:

(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ ())∗+&,−(
./∗&) 6∗ ∗&)1(/ ∗/2)∗ (1 6∗1∗5Ε∗/8(1 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&6(1
&+7/(1 ∗5 67&1 &4&+.&,Μ∗1 /&∋.(/&.1 = .≅7&+ & 0! ∗11∗ ∋&1(0 ∋(/∋+7.Θ1∗ ;7∗ & Ε)(Ε(),−(
6& 4&).&:.+.6&6∗ /(1 )∗17+2&6(1 6∗ 75& 6&1 &4&+.&,Μ∗1 ∗∆Ε+.∋&6& Ε∗+& )∗+&,−( +./∗&) ∗/2)∗
∗+&1 =
Γ Η  0α
ΓΗ %0α
ΓΗ 0α
ΓΗ !0α
ΓΗ %0!α

 
∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−( = ( ;7&6)&6( 6( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ ∋())∗+&,−(
r 2 = 0,844 2 = 0

3 4



 
  %/

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

5  ∋ 617 00, 94:

#5 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 6∗  ∗5
0 ∋(5 75& 4&).34∗+ ∗∆Ε+.∋&2.4& ∗ ( 2∗)5(
∋(/12&/2∗0 9(. ∗12.5&6( ∋(5  (:1∗)4&,Μ∗10 ≅∗)&/6( 75  6∗ 0  ( 2∗12∗ 6∗ 4&+.6&6∗
6( 5(6∗+(0 ( Θ∋&+∋7+&6( (7 Θ(:1∗)4&6( = .≅7&+ &
Γ Η 
ΓΗ 
ΓΗ 
ΓΗ 
ΓΗ 

 
SQ Re gressao
r2 =
SQTotal
SQ Re gressao
0,25 =
SQTotal
SQ Re gressao = SQtotal × 0,25

∗5:)&/6( ;7∗Β
SQTotal = SQ Re gressao + SQ Re siduos

(≅(Β
SQ Re siduos = 0,75 × SQTotal
∗12&2Φ12.∋&  9.∋&Β

QM Re gressao SQ Re gressao / 1 0,25 × SQtotal

F _ teste = = = = 10
QM Re siduos SQ Re siduos /(32 − 2) 0,75 × SQTotal / 30

3 

5  ( 7; 00,8 94 Α Φ  #:

#5 ∗∆Ε∗).5∗/2( 9(. )∗&+.Α&6( ∋(5 ( (:<∗2.4( 6∗ ∗12.5&) ( Ε)∗,( 6∗ 75& &,−(0 6&6( ( 1∗7
4&+() Ε&2).5(/.&+0 &5:(1 ∗5 )∗&.1
#5& &5(12)& 6∗ &,Μ∗1 /∗≅(∋.&6&1 )∗∋∗/2∗5∗/2∗ 9()/∗∋∗7 6&6(1 1(:)∗ ( Ε)∗,( ∗ ( 4&+()
Ε&2).5(/.&+ Ε() &,−( Ε+.∋(7Θ1∗ ( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 Y = α + βX + ε 
+≅7/1 )∗17+2&6(1 6& 2&:∗+& 6& &/3+.1∗ 6& 4&).ς/∋.&0 (:2.6& & Ε&)2.) 6(1 6&6(1 6∗11& &5(12)&0
∗12−( &Ε)∗1∗/2&6(1 & 1∗≅7.)



 
  ∋0

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

Υ7+≅7∗ (1 .2∗/1 &:&.∆(Β

 Ι ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−( 5(12)& ;7∗ ( 5(6∗+( Ε)(Ε(12( ∗∆Ε+.∋& &Ε)(∆.5&6&5∗/2∗
α 6& 4&).&:.+.6&6∗ 2(2&+
 Ι 4&+() 6& ∗12&2Φ12.∋& &∋ ∋  = 0 ∗ & ∋(/∋+71−( 6( 2∗12∗ = ;7∗ & 4&).34∗+ 4&+()
Ε&2).5(/.&+ = 1.≅/.9.∋&2.4&0 .12( =0 6∗4∗Θ1∗ )∗<∗.2&) & 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ /7+& H 0 : β = 0 

 
).5∗.)( .2∗5
SQ Re gressao = QM Re gressao / 1
SQ Re gressao = 56.000
∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−( 9.∋&Β
SQ Re gressao 56.000
r2 = = Ω 0
SQTotal 88.480
()2&/2(0 α 6& 4&).&,−( = ∗∆Ε+.∋&6& Ε∗+& )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( 7 1∗<&0 ( 5(6∗+( 6∗
)∗≅)∗11−( ∗∆Ε+.∋& α 6& 4&).&:.+.6&6∗ 2(2&+ Ε).5∗.)( .2∗5 ∗123 ∋∗)2(
∗≅7/6( .2∗5
SQ Re siduos = SQTotal − SQ Re gressao
SQ Re siduos = 88.480 − 56.000 = 32.480
∗12&2Φ12.∋&  9.∋&Β
QM Re gressao SQ Re gressao / 1 56.000
F _ teste = = = = 
QM Re siduos SQ Re siduos /(60 − 2) 32.480 / 58
1∗≅7/6( .2∗5 2&5:=5 ∗123 ∋∗)2(

3 4Ι 

5:()& ∗12& ./9()5&,−( /−( 2∗/8& 1.6( /∗∋∗113).& Ε&)& )∗1(+4∗) & ;7∗12−(0 4&5(1 9&+&)
1(:)∗ ( 1.≅0 ;7∗ &Ε&)∗∋∗ /& 2&:∗+&
4&+() 6∗ 1.≅ /&6& 5&.1 = ;7∗ ( 4&+() 6∗1∋).2.4( 6( 2∗12∗ 6∗ 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 Ε&)& β = 0  7 1∗<&0
= & Ε)(:&:.+.6&6∗ 6∗ 75& 4&).34∗+ ∋(5 6.12).:7.,−( 0 ∋(5  ≅)&7 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗ /(
/75∗)&6() ∗ ! /( 6∗/(5./&6()0 &1175.) 4&+()∗1 5&.()∗1 ;7∗  Γ;7∗ = & ∗12&2Φ12.∋&
2∗12∗Η



 
  ∋

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

5  ) <= 6 00/ 9<:

#5& &5(12)& &+∗&2Χ).& 1.5Ε+∗1 Γ
( (Η0 Γ
) )Η0 0 Γ

0 /Η 6∗ 67&1 4&).34∗.1 &+∗&2Χ).&1
∗ 
9()/∗∋∗7 &1 1∗≅7./2∗1 ;7&/2.6&6∗1Β

 (X )
n
2
i −X = 414
i =1

 (Y )
n
2
i −Y = 359
i =1

 (X )
n

i − X × Yi = 345
i =1

&+∋7+∗ ( 4&+() 5&.1 Ε)Χ∆.5( 6( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−( 6& )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 6∗ Ρ ∗5 Σ

&Η 0!!
:Η 0%
∋Η 0!
6Η 0!
∗Η 0!

 3
( ∋&1( 6( 5(6∗+( 717&+ 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&)0 ( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−( = .≅7&+ &(
;7&6)&6( 6( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ ∋())∗+&,−(
;7. & ;7∗12−( ∗∆Ε+()& (72)& .≅7&+6&6∗ ∗/4(+4∗/6( 1(5&2Χ).(1
/75∗)&6() 6& 9Χ)57+& 6( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ ∋())∗+&,−( =Β

 [(X ) ( )]
n

i − X × Yi − Y
i =1

&Α∗/6( & 57+2.Ε+.∋&,−(0 9.∋&5(1 ∋(5Β

 [(X ) ( ) ]
n

i − X × Yi − X i − X × Y
i =1

∗Ε&)&/6( ( 1(5&2Χ).( 6& 6.9∗)∗/,& ∗5 6.9∗)∗/,& 6∗ 1(5&2Χ).(1Β

[( ) ] [( ) ]
n n
Ω  X i − X × Yi −  X i − X × Y
i =1 i =1

5=6.& 6∗  = ∋(/12&/2∗ ∗ Ε(6∗ ϑ1&.)Κ 6( 1(5&2Χ).(Β

[( ) ] [( )]
n n
Ω  X i − X × Yi − Y  X i − X
i =1 i =1

1(5& 6(1 6∗14.(1 ∗5 )∗+&,−( Ν 5=6.& 6∗
= .≅7&+ & Α∗)(Β



 
  ∋

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

QM Re gressao A
F _ calculado = =
A = 67 × 36 = 
QM Re siduos 67
SQTotal − SQ Re gressao = SQ Re siduos
5363 − 2412 = B
B = % 
:1Β Ε&)& ∗12& ;7∗12−(0 &:∗)2&0 /−( ∋(/12& ( ≅&:&).2( (9.∋.&+ /( 1.2∗ 6& :&/∋& ∗ 4(∋Ο1
&∋8&)∗5 &+≅75 ∗))( /& 5./8& )∗1(+7,−(0 = 1Χ 9&+&)

5  / 74 00 9<:

#5 Ε)(9.11.(/&+ 6& 3)∗& 6∗ )∗∋7)1(1 875&/(1 ∗123 ./2∗)∗11&6( ∗5 &4&+.&) ( ∗9∗.2( 6( 2.Ε(
6∗ 9.)5& /( 1&+3).( ./.∋.&+ 6∗ 75& 1∗∋)∗23).& ∗12∗ ∋(/2∗∆2( 2(5(7 75& &5(12)& &+∗&2Χ).&

)∗&.1 Ε() 5Ο1 ./4∗12.≅&6() Ε(127+& ;7∗ ( 1&+3).( 6 6& <Θ=1.5& 1∗∋)∗23).& 6& .=1.5& 9.)5&
6∗ ∋./∋( 1∗∋)∗23).&1 ./.∋.&/2∗1 ∗5 ∋&6& 75 6∗ 2)Ο1 2.Ε(1 6∗ 9.)5&0 &/(2&/6( ( 1&+3).( ∗5

(:∗6∗∋∗ ( 5(6∗+( +./∗&) 6   ( ∋ ( 76 , i=1, 2, 3; j=1 ...5. ∗12& ∗∆Ε)∗11−( µ )∗Ε)∗1∗/2&
75& 5=6.& Ε(Ε7+&∋.(/&+0 α. = ( ∗9∗.2( 9.∆( 6& 9.)5& i ∗ (1 ε.< 1−( ∗))(1 /−( ∋())∗+&∋.(/&6(1
∋(5 6.12).:7.,−( /()5&+0 5=6.& Α∗)( ∗ 4&).ς/∋.& ∋(/12&/2∗ ∗12∗ ∋(/2∗∆2( (:2=5 & 2&:∗+&
6∗ &/3+.1∗ 6∗ 4&).ς/∋.& 1∗≅7./2∗Β

11./&+∗ & (Ε,−( ;7∗ 63 ( 4&+() 6& ∗12&2Φ12.∋&  /∗∋∗113).& Ε&)& 2∗12&) & 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ 6∗ ;7∗ (1
∗9∗.2(1 6&1 9.)5&1 1∗<&5 .≅7&.1
&Η 0
:Η 0
∋Η 0
6Η 0
∗Η 0!

 3



 
  ∋%

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

).5∗.)( ∋&+∋7+&5(1 (1 ;7&6)&6(1 5=6.(10 6.4.6./6( &1 1(5&1 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 Ε∗+(1 ≅)&71 6∗
+.:∗)6&6∗Β
(/2∗ 
∀ ∀ ΓΩ∀⊥
Η
(6∗+(  !  %
∗1Φ67(1  ! 
∗12&2Φ12.∋&  = .≅7&+ Ν )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ ( ;7&6)&6( 5=6.( 6( 5(6∗+( ∗ ( ;7&6)&6( 5=6.( 6(1

)
)∗1Φ67(1Β

8 9 
+

3 

5  ∃0 6<1≅ Β 00 9<:

Ε&)2.) 6∗ 75& &5(12)& &+∗&2Χ).& 1.5Ε+∗1 9()5&6& Ε()  (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 6&1 4&).34∗.1 Σ ∗ Ρ
∋&+∋7+(7Θ1∗

  ++


  ∗


∀  #  


∀  #  :∗)


∀  #∀  #  :


=<  % ( ∗
:2∗/8& & )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 6∗ Ρ ∗5 Σ
;# 
=<  % ( %
># 
=<   ( ∗
?# 
=<   ( 
≅# 
=<  % ( %
Α# 

 3

∀  #∀  # :

∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ ϑ:Κ 6& )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( =Β

   %
∀  # 
∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ ϑ&Κ = 6&6( Ε()Β



 
  ∋∋

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

    
∗ ++
  % ∃
 
  %  % ∃ 
  %

=<  % ( %

;7∗ )∗17+2& ∗5Β


3 

5  ∃ 6<1≅ Β 00 9<:

(5 (1 6&6(1 6& ;7∗12−( &/2∗).()0 ∋&+∋7+∗ ( 4&+() 5&.1 Ε)Χ∆.5( 6( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗
6∗2∗)5./&,−(  6& )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 6∗ Σ ∗5 Ρ
&Η 0
:Η 0!
∋Η 0!
6Η 0%
∗Η 0!!

 3
).5∗.)( ∋&+∋7+&5(1 & 1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 2(2&+ Γ∀ΗΒ

ΒΧ/  ∀  #  :∗)


≅()& ∋&+∋7+&5(1 & 1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 6( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( Γ∀ΗΒ


ΒΧ∆   ∃ ∀  #∀  #


ΒΧ∆  % ∃ :  :+%∗

∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−( = 6&6( Ε∗+& )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ &1 67&1 1(5&1 6∗ ;7&6)&6( &∋.5&

:+%∗
∋&+∋7+&6&1Β

.   
:∗)

3 4

5  ∃ <= ? 00∋ 9<:

7Ε(/8& ;7∗ /−( ∗∆.12& &11(∋.&,−( +./∗&) ∗/2)∗ 67&1 4&).34∗.1 Σ ∗ Ρ ∗ ;7∗ 75 /Λ5∗)( 6∗
(:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 179.∋.∗/2∗5∗/2∗ ≅)&/6∗ 6∗ Ε&)∗1 ΓΣ0ΡΗ ∗12∗<& 6.1Ε(/Φ4∗+ Ε&)& ( ∗1276( 6&



 
  ∋(

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

)∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 6∗ Ρ ∗5 Σ 11./&+∗ & (Ε,−( ;7∗ ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗0 /∗11∗ ∋&1(0

&Ε)(∆.5&6&5∗/2∗0 &( ;7&6)&6( 5=6.( 6( ∗))(
&Η 
:Η ∀7&6)&6( 6( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ ∋())∗+&,−( &5(12)&+ ∗/2)∗ Σ ∗ Ρ
∋Η ∀7&6)&6( 5=6.( 6& )∗≅)∗11−(
6Η 
∗Η &).ς/∋.& 6&1 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 6( &2).:72( Ρ

 3
&:∗5(1 ;7∗ ( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ ∋())∗+&,−( +./∗&) ∗/2)∗ &1 4&).34∗.1 = /7+(0 Ε(.1 /−( ∗∆.12∗

Ε
)∗+&,−( +./∗&) 11.5Β

∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−( = ( ;7&6)&6( 6( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ ∋())∗+&,−( +./∗&)

(≅(0

.  
2&5:=5 4&+∗ Α∗)(Β

&1 2&+ ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ = .≅7&+ Ν 6.4.1−( ∗/2)∗ & 1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 6( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−(

ΒΧ∆
Γ∀Η ∗ & 1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 2(2&+ Γ∀ΗΒ

 Φ ΒΧ∆  
ΒΧ/
&:∗5(1 &./6& ;7∗ & 1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 2(2&+ Γ∀Η = .≅7&+ Ν 1(5& 6(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6(1

ΒΧ/  ΒΧ∆ ( ΒΧΓ

6∗14.(1 Γ∀Η 5&.1 & 1(5& 6(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( Γ∀ΗΒ

ΒΧ/   ( ΒΧΓ
ΒΧΓ  ΒΧ/
∀7∗)∗5(1 ∋&+∋7+&) ( ;7&6)&6( 5=6.( 6(1 6∗14.(10 (7 6(1 )∗1Φ67(1 &5(1 ∋8&5&) 6∗ ∀

+∗ = 6&6( Ε∗+& 1(5& 6(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6(1 6∗14.(1 Γ∀Η0 6.4.6.6( Ε() ϑ/ Ι Κ0 ;7∗ = (

ΒΧΓ
)∗1Ε∗∋2.4( /Λ5∗)( 6∗ ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗

Χ∆Γ 

ΒΧ/
Χ∆Γ 

∀Η  #
Χ∆Γ 

:1∗)4∗ ;7∗ & ∗∆Ε)∗11−( &∋.5& = ;7&1∗ .≅7&+ Ν 4&).ς/∋.& &5(12)&+ 6∗ Ρ 4&).ς/∋.& &5(12)&+
6∗ Ρ = .≅7&+ &Β



 
  ∋)

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

∀Η  #
Ι1 


(/276(0 Ε&)& ϑ/Κ 57.2( ≅)&/6∗0 6.4.6.) Ε() ϑ/ Ι Κ (7 Ε() ϑ/ Ι Κ 63 Ε)&2.∋&5∗/2∗ /(

5∗15( 11.50 ( ;7&6)&6( 5=6.( 6(1 6∗14.(1 = Ε)&2.∋&5∗/2∗ .≅7&+ Ν 4&).ς/∋.& 6∗ Ρ

3 

5  ∃∃ 1  0 946:

#5 &/&+.12& ∗1276(7 & )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ ( 5(/2&/2∗ 6∗ 5.+ )∗&.1 6.1Ε(/Φ4∗.1 Ε&)&
./4∗12.5∗/2(1 /&1 +(∋&+.6&6∗1 ∗ & )∗1Ε∗∋2.4& ;7&/2.& 6∗ 5.+ )∗&.1 ./6∗4.6&5∗/2∗ 72.+.Α&6(1
Ε∗+(1 ≅∗12()∗1 ΕΛ:+.∋(1 )∗1Ε(/134∗.1 ()&5 ∋(/1.6∗)&6&1 &1 1∗≅7./2∗1 ∗12&2Φ12.∋&1
6∗1∋).2.4&1 &∋∗)∋& 6∗11&1 4&).34∗.1

5(6∗+( ∋(/1.6∗)&6( 2∗5 & 9()5& ∗ 9(. &<712&6( Ε∗+( 5=2(6( 6∗

5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 ()6./3).(1 ;7.0 ∗ 1−( (1 ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗1 6( 5(6∗+( ∗ )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& (
∗))( &+∗&2Χ).( ∋())∗+&,−( 6∗ ∗&)1(/ ∗/2)∗ ∗ 9(. .≅7&+ & 0% ∗ & ∗12&2Φ12.∋& 6( 2∗12∗
 )∗9∗)∗/2∗ &( 5(6∗+( ∗5 ;7∗12−( 9(. .≅7&+ & %0

(5 :&1∗ /∗11&1 ./9()5&,Μ∗10 <7+≅7∗ (1 Ε)Χ∆.5(1 .2∗/10 )∗+&2.4(1 & ∋())∗+&,−(0 )∗≅)∗11−( ∗
6.12).:7.,Μ∗1 ∋(/<7/2&1

Η &)& (1 ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗1 ∗ 0 ( ∋3+∋7+( 6&1 ∗12.5&2.4&1 6∗ 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6∗Ε∗/6∗ 6&

8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ 6∗ /()5&+.6&6∗ 6(1 ∗))(1 &+∗&2Χ).(1 
Η 5(6∗+( ∗5 ;7∗12−( &Ε)∗1∗/2(7 75 ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−( ΓΗ ./9∗).() & 0 

∗1(+7,−(Β
Η 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ 6∗ /()5&+.6&6∗ 6(1 ∗))(1 &+∗&2Χ).(1 /−( 2∗5 ./9+7Ο/∋.& /( ∋3+∋7+( 6(1
∗12.5&6()∗1 6∗ 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1
&)& ∋&+∋7+&) (1 ∗12.5&6()∗10 ( Ε)(∋∗6.5∗/2( = ( 1∗≅7./2∗Β
• 5(/2&5(1 & ∗∆Ε)∗11−( ;7∗ 9()/∗∋∗ & 1(5& 6(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6(1 6∗14.(1

• ∋&+∋7+&5(1 &1 6∗).4&6&1 Ε&)∋.&.1 ∗5 )∗+&,−( & ∗ ∗5 )∗+&,−( &

• .≅7&+&5(1 &1 6∗).4&6&1 & Α∗)(



 
  ∋,

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

1 4&+()∗1 ;7∗ 1&2.19.Α∗)∗5 ( 1.12∗5& 6∗ ∗;7&,Μ∗1 &∋.5& ./6.∋&6( 1∗)−( (1 ∗12.5&6()∗1 6∗

5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 (2∗5 ;7∗ ∗5 5(5∗/2( &+≅75 9(. /∗∋∗113).( +∗4&) ∗5 ∋(/1.6∗)&,−( &
8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ 6∗ /()5&+.6&6∗ 6(1 ∗))(1
8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ 6∗ /()5&+.6&6∗ 6(1 ∗))(1 1Χ = .5Ε()2&/2∗ Ε&)& Ε(6∗)5(1 2∗12&) 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1
;7&/2( &(1 4&+()∗1 6(1 Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 Ε(Ε7+&∋.(/&.10 ∗ Ε&)& 6∗9./.)5(1 ./2∗)4&+(1 6∗ ∋(/9.&/,&
Ε&)& 2&.1 Ε&)ς5∗2)(1
2∗5 ∗))&6(

.   ∗)%∗ 9 +)
Η ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−( = ( ;7&6)&6( 6( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ ∋())∗+&,−(Β

∗ 9&2( = ./9∗).() & 0 

2∗5 ∋∗)2(


3 Ι 

5  ∃% ?6≅ 00 946:

9.≅7)& &∋.5& ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗ & 75 6.&≅)&5& 6∗ 6.1Ε∗)1−( ∗/2)∗ & 4&).34∗+ Γ≅&12( Ε∗)∋∗/27&+
∋(5 1&Λ6∗Η ∗ Γ)∗/6& :)72& 9&5.+.&)0 ∗5 [ 5.+Η0 (:2.6& ∋(5 :&1∗ ∗5 75& &5(12)& 6∗ 
9&5Φ+.&1 (5 )∗1Ε∗.2( &( &<712∗ 6∗ 75 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 /& 9()5&
0 ∗5 ;7∗ = ( ∗))( &+∗&2Χ).( ∗ ∗ 1−( (1 ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗1 6( 5(6∗+(0 9()&5
(:2.6(1 (1 1∗≅7./2∗1 )∗17+2&6(1

∗))( Ε&6)−( 6(1 )∗1Φ67(1 Ω 0 Γ∋(5 ! ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗Η

 Ω 0!!
 &<712&6( Ω 0!



 
  ∋/

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

(5 :&1∗ /∗11&1 ./9()5&,Μ∗10 <7+≅7∗ ( .2∗5 1∗≅7./2∗

∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ ∋())∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ ≅&12(1 ∋(5 1&Λ6∗ ∗ )∗/6& 9(. ./9∗).() & Θ0!

∗1(+7,−(
&:∗5(1 ;7∗ ( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ ∋())∗+&,−( = /∗≅&2.4(0 Ε(.1 ( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ &/≅7+&) = /∗≅&2.4(
7 1∗<&0 & )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ Ε∗)∋∗/27&+ 6∗ ≅&12( ∋(5 1&Λ6∗ ∗ )∗/6& 9&5.+.&) = ./4∗)1& Γ;7&/6(
75& &75∗/2&0 & (72)& 6.5./7.Η 11( 2&5:=5 Ε(6∗ 1∗) Ε∗)∋∗:.6( Ε∗+( 6.&≅)&5& 6∗
6.1Ε∗)1−(Β Ε(/2(1 5&.1 & 6.)∗.2& 6( 6.&≅)&5& Γ4&+()∗1 ≅)&/6∗1 6∗ ]∆]Η ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗5 &
4&+()∗1 5∗/()∗1 6∗ ]]  4&+()∗1 5&.1 & ∗1;7∗)6& ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗5 & 4&+()∗1 ≅)&/6∗1 6∗ ]]

∗ ( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ ∋())∗+&,−( 9(11∗ 6∗ Θ0!0 2∗)Φ&5(1 ( 1∗≅7./2∗ ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗

6∗2∗)5./&,−( 1∗).& .≅7&+ &Β

( ∗/2&/2(0 ∋(5(  9(. 5&.() ;7∗ 00 .11( 1.≅/.9.∋& ;7∗ ( 5Χ67+( 6( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗
∋())∗+&,−( = 5&.() ;7∗ 0!

(5(  = /∗≅&2.4(0 ∋(/∋+7Φ5(1 ;7∗ 1∗7 4&+() = ./9∗).() & Θ0!


3 

5  ∃∋ <= 6 00/ 9<:

#5& &5(12)& &+∗&2Χ).& 1.5Ε+∗1 Γ
( (Η0 Γ
) )Η0 0 Γ

0 /Η 6∗ 67&1 4&).34∗.1 &+∗&2Χ).&1
∗ 
9()/∗∋∗7 &1 1∗≅7./2∗1 ;7&/2.6&6∗1Β

 (X )
n
2
i −X = 414
i =1

 (Y )
n
2
i −Y = 359
i =1

 (X )
n

i − X × Yi = 345
i =1

&+∋7+∗ ( 4&+() 5&.1 Ε)Χ∆.5( 6( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−( 6& )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 6∗ Ρ ∗5 Σ

&Η 0!!
:Η 0%
∋Η 0!
6Η 0!
∗Η 0!



 
  (0

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

345
r 2 = 0,83 ×
359
ϑ0!Κ ∗123 1∗/6( 57+2.Ε+.∋&6( Ε() 75 /Λ5∗)( 5∗/() ;7∗  (6& 4∗Α ;7∗ 57+2.Ε+.∋&5(1
75 /Λ5∗)( Ε() (72)( ;7∗ 1∗<& 5∗/() ;7∗ 0 ( /Λ5∗)( ().≅./&+ 6.5./7.
(≅(0 & )∗1Ε(12&
Ε)(∋7)&6& 1∗)3 5∗/() ;7∗ 0! Λ/.∋& (Ε,−( = & +∗2)& 

3 ;

5  ∃( 6 00 9<:

.& Σ Ε)∗12& 1∗)4.,( 6∗ 5&/72∗/,−( Ε)∗4∗/2.4& /(1 ∋(5Ε72&6()∗1 ;7∗ 4∗/6∗ 5 !
∋8&5&6&1 Ε&)& )∗&+.Α&,−( 6∗ 1∗)4.,(1 6∗ 5&/72∗/,−( 9()&5 (:1∗)4&6(1 (1 Ε&)∗1 Γ∆. 0 .Η
(/6∗ ∆. )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& ( /Λ5∗)( 6∗ 53;7./&1 ∗∆&5./&6&1 /& ∋8&5&6& ∗ . ( 2∗5Ε( ≅&12(0 ∗5
8()&10 /& 4.1.2& 6∗ ./1Ε∗,−( 2&.1 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 &<712&Θ1∗ ( 5(6∗+( +./∗&) Γ . Η Ω δ Ζ ε ∆.0
∋(5 ( 71( 6∗ 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 ()6./3).(10 1(: & 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ 6∗ ∗))(1 ∋(5 5=6.& Α∗)(0
8(5(1∋∗6312.∋(10 /−( ∋())∗+&∋.(/&6(1 ∗ ∋(5 (1 ∆. 9.∆(1 Γ6∗2∗)5./Φ12.∋(1Η ()&5 (:2.6&1 &1
1∗≅7./2∗1 ∗12&2Φ12.∋&1 Ε&)& ( &<712∗Β

  

  

   &∗

  

1 ∋(/12&/2∗1 & ∗ : 1−( &1 ∗12.5&2.4&1 6∗ 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6∗
∗ 0 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&5∗/2∗
11./&+∗ & (Ε,−( ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗/2∗ Ν ∗12.5&2.4& /−(Θ4.∗Α&6& 6& 4&).ς/∋.& )∗1.67&+
&Η 0
:Η 0
∋Η 0
6Η 0
∗Η 0

 3

  
).5∗.)( ∋&+∋7+&5(1 & 5=6.& 6∗ Ρ ∗ & 5=6.& 6∗ ΣΒ

   
 
     
     ∃ 
  



 
  (

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

≅()& ∋&+∋7+&5(1 & 1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 2(2&+Β

ΒΧ/  ∀  #       &∗   ∃   

5 1∗≅7.6&0 ∋&+∋7+&5(1 & 1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 6( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−(Β

ΒΧ∆   ∃ ∀  #∀  # 

 ∃   ∃  ∃ 

  ∃    ∃  ∃ 
   )  +

ΒΧΓ  ΒΧ/  ΒΧ∆    +  ∗

1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 6(1 6∗14.(1 = .≅7&+ Ν 6.9∗)∗/,& ∗/2)∗ ∀ ∗ ∀Β

ΒΓΧ ∗
;7&6)&6( 5=6.( 6(1 6∗14.(1 9.∋&Β

Χ∆Γ   
    

3 4

5  ∃) 14  0 946:

#5 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 6∗1∋)∗4∗ & )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ ( Ε)∗,( 7/.23).(
Γ)∗Ε)∗1∗/2&6( Ε() ΣΗ0 ∗5 )∗&.10 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&6( Ε)(672( ∗ & ;7&/2.6&6∗ 6∗ 7/.6&6∗1
4∗/6.6&1 Γ)∗Ε)∗1∗/2&6& Ε() ΡΗ )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( &<712&6& Ε∗+( 5=2(6( 6∗ 5Φ/.5(1
;7&6)&6(1 ()6./3).(1 = Ρ Ω  Θ 0Σ

(5 :&1∗ /∗11&1 ./9()5&,Μ∗10 <7+≅7∗ ( .2∗5 17:1∗;7∗/2∗

∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−( 6( )∗9∗).6( 5(6∗+( = /∗≅&2.4(0 ( ;7∗ ./6.∋& & ∗∆.12Ο/∋.& 6∗

)∗+&,−( ./4∗)1& ∗/2)∗ ( Ε)∗,( ∗ & ;7&/2.6&6∗ 6∗ 7/.6&6∗1 4∗/6.6&1

∗1(+7,−(Β
∀7∗5 = /∗≅&2.4( = ( ∀

     ? ∗+∗ ;7∗5 ./6.∋& & ∗∆.12Ο/∋.& 6∗ )∗+&,−(
./4∗)1& ∗/2)∗ Ε)∗,( ∗ ;7&/2.6&6∗
Υ3 ( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−( = 1∗5Ε)∗ Ε(1.2.4(0 ∗ ./6.∋& ( ;7&/2( 6& 4&).&,−( 2(2&+ =
∗∆Ε+.∋&6& Ε∗+( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−(
&:&).2(Β ∗))&6(

∃ <ϑ4 7  1?1− ; 6Ε?1



 
  (∃

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

∗/2)( 6( 5(6∗+( ≅∗)&+ 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&)0 1∗ &1175.)5(1 ;7∗ (1 4&+()∗1 6∗ Σ 1−( 9.∆(10 ∗


72.+.Α&/6( &1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 +.12&6&1 /& Ε3≅./& 0 Ε(6∗5(1 ∋8∗≅&) &( 1∗≅7./2∗Β

ϑ∀# 


ϑ∀# 


  
ϑ∀#  Κ ( Λ 


ΜΝΟ ∀ #  
 
ΜΝΟ∀ #  


&5(1 6&) 75& /(,−( 6∗ (/6∗ 4Ο5 &+≅7/1 6∗11∗1 )∗17+2&6(10 5&1 & +∗.27)& /−( =
(:).≅&2Χ).& (∋Ο Ε(6∗ 2)&/;7.+&5∗/2∗ 9.∋&) 1Χ ∋(5 (1 )∗17+2&6(1 &∋.5&

 Π  ∋ ( Θ ( 7
7Ε(/6( ;7∗ (1 Σ. 1−( 9.∆(10 6&6(10 2∗5(1Β

ϑ∀ Π #  ϑ∀∋# ( ϑ∀Θ # ( ϑ∀7#   (  (  

7 1∗<&0 & 4&).ς/∋.& 6∗ Ρ = .≅7&+ &   
∗5:)&/6( ;7∗ 2)&2&Θ1∗ 6& 6.1Ε∗)1−( ∗5 2()/( 6& )∗2&
6∗ )∗≅)∗11−(

 (  ( Ρ ( 

+=5 6.11(Β

 

 (  ( Ρ (   
Ε+.∋&/6( & 4&).ς/∋.& 6(1 6(.1 +&6(1Β

ϑ∀#    

∀7∗ = ( Ε).5∗.)( )∗17+2&6( &Ε)∗1∗/2&6(


 
9Χ)57+& 6∗ ϑ:Κ =Β





 
 
Σ Σ
∗2&+8&/6( .11(Β

 ( ( Ρ (

 
 


 
 



ϑ∀#  ϑ Κ ( ( Ρ( Λ

 

  


 ϑ∀ #
 ϑ∀ #

 ϑ∀
#
ϑ∀#  ( Ρ(
∀
 # ∀
 # ∀
 #



 
  (%

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

  
  

  
ϑ∀#  ( Ρ(
∀
 # ∀
 # ∀
 #

  
ϑ∀# 
∀
 #

ϑ∀# 


12∗ 9(. ( 1∗≅7/6( )∗17+2&6( &Ε)∗1∗/2&6(

     
&:∗5(1 2&5:=5 ;7∗Β

ϑ∀#  ϑ∀# (   ϑ∀#   ∃  ∃ ΜΝΟ∀ #

≅()& Ε)∗∋.1&)Φ&5(1 <3 1&:∗) ;7∗ & ∋(4&).ς/∋.& &∋.5& ./6.∋&6& = /7+& &5(1 17Ε() ;7∗ <3

ϑ∀#  ϑ∀# (   ϑ∀#  

2∗5(1 ∗11∗ )∗17+2&6( (/2./7&/6(Β

 
ϑ∀#  
( ∃



  
ϑ∀#  Κ ( Λ 


∀7∗ = ( 2∗)∋∗.)( )∗17+2&6( &Ε)∗1∗/2&6(
(50 4&5(1 Ε&)&) Ε() &;7.0 <3 2.4∗5(1 75& /(,−( 6∗ (/6∗ 4Ο5 (1 )∗17+2&6(1 5&.1
.5Ε()2&/2∗1

()6∗/&6(1 ΓΣ0ΡΗ0 /−( 1&:∗5(1 ( 4&+() 6∗    /2−( 17:12.27Φ5(1 Ε() 1∗7 ∗12.5&6()0 ;7∗ = &
7.2( :∗5 ∀7&/6( 9&Α∗5(1 75& &5(12)&≅∗5 ∗ (:2∗5(1 75 ∋(/<7/2( 6∗ ϑ/Κ Ε&)∗1

Ι   Χ∆: .0Ι
1(5& 6(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6(1 )∗1Φ67(1

 &Φ Ε(6∗5(1 ∗12.5&) &1 4&).ς/∋.&1 6∗  ∗ 6∗ 0 &11.5Β

 ∀#
Ι
Ι 


  
Ι  ∀#  Κ ( Λ Ι



∋(/9.&/,& 1(:)∗ ∋ ∗ Θ
(6∗5(1 71&) &1 4&).ς/∋.&1 &∋.5& Ε&)& 2∗12&) 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 ∗ 6∗2∗)5./&) ./2∗)4&+(1 6∗

 Τ Ι∀# Υ∋Υ( Τ Ι∀#

11.5Β

 Τ Ι∀# ΥΘΥ( Τ Ι∀#

/6∗ Τ = ( 4&+() 6& 6.12).:7.,−(  ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗/2∗ &( /Φ4∗+ 6∗ ∋(/9.&/,& ∗12&:∗+∗∋.6(



 
  (∋

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

(5( ( ;7&6)&6( 5=6.( 6(1 )∗1Φ67(1 2∗5   ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗0 71&5(1 & 6.12).:7.,−(
 ∋(5 6(.1 ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗

&)& 2∗12&) & 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ 6∗ ;7∗ ∋  ∋Τ 0 2∗5(1Β

∋  ∋Τ

Ι∀#
 Ε&)& 2∗12&) & 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ 6∗ ;7∗ Θ  ΘΤ0 2∗5(1Β
Θ  ΘΤ

Ι∀#

5  ∃, 74 00 9<:

:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 Γ X i , Yi Η 6∗ 67&1 4&).34∗.1 ∗∋(/κ5.∋&1 1&2.19&Α∗5 ( 5(6∗+( +./∗&)
Yi = α + β X i + ε i (/6∗ (1 X i 1−( ∋(/12&/2∗10 α ∗ β 1−( (1 Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(1 ∗ (1
ε i 1−( ∗))(1 /()5&.1 /−( 6.)∗2&5∗/2∗ (:1∗)434∗.10 /−( ∋())∗+&∋.(/&6(1 ∋(5 5=6.& /7+& ∗
5∗15& 4&).ς/∋.& σ 2  ∗1∗<&Θ1∗ 2∗12&) & 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ ηΒ β ≥ 0 ∋(/2)& & 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ &+2∗)/&2.4& η Β
β < 0  5=2(6( 6∗ 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 &Ε+.∋&6( ∗5 75& &5(12)& 6∗ 2&5&/8( !
Ε)(67Α.7 ( 5(6∗+( &<712&6(Β
Yˆ = 2 − 2,12 X
∗/6( ( 6∗14.( Ε&6)−( 6( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗  ∗12.5&6( ∗5  11./&+∗ & (Ε,−( ;7∗ 63 ( 4&+()
Ε)(:&:.+Φ12.∋( ΓΕΘ4&+()Η 6( 2∗12∗ 6∗ 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ ∗ ∋(/2)& & 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ η  #1∗ & 2&:∗+& 6& 97/,−(
6∗ 6.12).:7.,−( 6& 4&).34∗+ 2 6∗ 276∗/2 6&6& & 1∗≅7.)
)&71 6∗
Γ
Η
+.:∗)6&6∗
 0 0%
 0  0% 
 0 0%
 0 0%
 0 0% 
 0 0%
 0 0%
 0 0% 
 0 0%
! 0 0%
! 0 0% 
! 0 0%

&Η 0%
:Η 0
∋Η 0



 
  ((

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

6Η 0%
∗Η 0

 
2∗12∗ 5&.1 ∋(575 1(:)∗ ( 4&+() 6∗ β ∋(/1.12∗ /& 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ 6∗ ;7∗ β Ω &1( )∗<∗.2∗5(1
∗12& 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ /7+&0 ∋(/∋+7Φ5(1 ;7∗ 83 )∗≅)∗11−( 6∗
1(:)∗  12∗ Ε)(∋∗6.5∗/2( 1∗)4∗ Ε&)&
4∗).9.∋&)5(1 & ;7&+.6&6∗ 6( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−(
Υ3 4.5(1 75 5(6( 6∗ 9&Α∗) .11( (. Ε() 5∗.( 6& &/3+.1∗ 6∗ 4&).ς/∋.& 6& )∗≅)∗11−(0
72.+.Α&/6( & )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ ( ;7&6)&6( 5=6.( 6& )∗≅)∗11−( ∗ ( ;7&6)&6( 5=6.( 6(1 )∗1Φ67(1
(.1 :∗50 ∗∆.12∗ (72)& 9()5& 6∗ 9&ΑΟΘ+(0 ;7∗ &∋&:&5(1 6∗ ∗1276&) &)& ( 2∗12∗ 6∗ β 0
2&5:=5 Ε(6∗5(1 72.+.Α&) & 6.12).:7.,−( 0 ∋(5 n − 2 ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗
;7∗12−( /−( Ε∗6.7 Ε&)& 9&Α∗)5(1 ( 2∗12∗ ∋(5Ε+∗2( )∗∋.1&5(1 &Ε∗/&1 ∋&+∋7+&) ( ΕΘ4&+()
Υ3 4.5(10 /& &7+& 6∗ 2∗12∗ 6∗ 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗10 ;7∗ ( ΕΘ4&+() = & Ε)(:&:.+.6&6∗ 6∗ (:2∗)5(1 4&+()∗1
2−( ∗∆2)∗5(1 ;7&/2( & ∗12&2Φ12.∋& 2∗12∗ ∗12&2Φ12.∋& 2∗12∗ ;7∗ ∗1276&5(1 /&;7∗+& &7+&0
;7&/6( /−( 1∗ ∋(/8∗∋∗ & 4&).ς/∋.& 6( Ε&)ς5∗2)(0 9(.Β
X −µ
t _ teste =
sX

( /75∗)&6() 2∗5(1 & ∗12.5&2.4& ( X ) ∗ ( Ε&)ς5∗2)( (µ )  ( 6∗/(5./&6() ( 6∗14.(

Ε&6)−( 6& ∗12.5&2.4&
;7. = & 5∗15& ∋(.1& Χ 576& ;7∗  = & ∗12.5&2.4&  ( Ε&)ς5∗2)( ∗12.5&6( = β 
∗12&2Φ12.∋& 2∗12∗ 9.∋&Β
b−β
t _ teste =
sb
4&+() 6∗ β ;7∗ 1∗ Ε)∗2∗/6∗ 2∗12&) =  4&+() 6∗  (:2.6( 9(. Θ0 Γ9()/∗∋.6( /(
∗/7/∋.&6(Η
4&).ς/∋.& 6∗  =  Γ9()/∗∋.6( /( ∗/7/∋.&6(Η ()2&/2(Β
− 2,120 − 0
t _ teste = = −2,120
1
(/17+2&/6( & 2&:∗+& Ε&)& ( 4&+() 0 Γ∗  ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗Η0 (:2∗5(1 %0 α
()2&/2(0 %0 α 6(1 4&+()∗1 6∗ 2 1−( 5∗/()∗1 (7 .≅7&.1 & 0
7 1∗<&0 0 α 1−( 5&.()∗1 ;7∗ 0
∗4.6( Ν 1.5∗2).& 6& 6∗/1.6&6∗ 6∗ 20 0 α 1−( 5∗/()∗1 ;7∗ Θ0
()2&/2(0 & Ε)(:&:.+.6&6∗ 6∗ (:2∗)5(1 4&+()∗1 2−( ∗∆2)∗5(1 ;7&/2( & ∗12&2Φ12.∋& 2∗12∗ Γ(7
1∗<&0 4&+()∗1 5∗/()∗1 (7 .≅7&.1 Ν Θ0Η = 6∗ 0 α

3 4



 
  ()

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

5  ∃/ 6 00, 94:

5 75 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗10 75 ./2∗)4&+( 6∗ ∋(/9.&/,& 6∗ % 0α (:2.6( Ε&)&
( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ &/≅7+&) 9(. Γλ0 Ξ 0!Η (5 ∗11∗ )∗17+2&6( 1Χ 1∗ Ε(6∗ ∋(/∋+7.) ;7∗
Γ Η ( ./2∗)∋∗Ε2( = .≅7&+ & Α∗)(
ΓΗ ( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ &/≅7+&) = /∗≅&2.4(
ΓΗ & )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ &1 4&).34∗.1 = /−( +./∗&)
ΓΗ & 4&).34∗+ 6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗ &1175∗ 4&+()∗1 /∗≅&2.4(1
ΓΗ /−( ∗∆.12∗ )∗+&,−( +./∗&) ∗/2)∗ &1 67&1 4&).34∗.1

 
#2.+.Α&/6(Θ1∗ & 6.12).:7.,−(  ∋(5 n − 2 ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗ 2&5:=5 = Ε(11Φ4∗+ 6∗2∗)5./&)
./2∗)4&+(1 6∗ ∋(/9.&/,& Ε&)& β 
;7∗12−( <3 9()/∗∋∗7 ( ./2∗)4&+( 6∗ ∋(/9.&/,& Ε)(/2( Υ3 1&:∗5(1 ;7∗0 ∋(5 ∋(/9.&/,& 6∗
% α0 β ∗123 ∗/2)∗ 0 ∗ 0! :1∗)4∗5 ;7∗ = 75 ./2∗)4&+( ;7∗ ∋(/2∗5Ε+& 4&+()∗1
Ε)Χ∆.5(1 6∗ Α∗)( Γ2&/2( /∗≅&2.4(1 ;7&/2( Ε(1.2.4(1Η &+()∗1 Ε(1.2.4(1 Ε&)& β ./6.∋&5
)∗+&,−( 6.)∗2& &+()∗1 /∗≅&2.4(1 Ε&)& β ./6.∋&5 )∗+&,−( ./4∗)1& )&0 1∗ & &5(12)& /−( =
∋&Ε&Α /∗5 6∗ /(1 6&) 75& 5&.() 1∗≅7)&/,& ;7&/2( &( 1./&+ 6∗ β Γ1∗ Ε(1.2.4( (7 /∗≅&2.4(Η0
.11( = 75 9()2∗ 1./&+ 6∗ ;7∗ /−( ∗∆.12∗ )∗+&,−( +./∗&) ∗/2)∗ &1 4&).34∗.1 ∗1276&6&1 () .11(0 &
&+2∗)/&2.4&  ∗123 ∋())∗2&
∗<&5(1 (1 ∗))(1 6&1 6∗5&.1 &+2∗)/&2.4&1
+∗2)& ϑ Κ 9&+& ∗5 ./2∗)∋∗Ε2( /2∗)∋∗Ε2( /&6& 5&.1 = ;7∗ ( Ε(/2( ∗5 ;7∗ & )∗2& 6∗
)∗≅)∗11−( ∋()2& ( ∗.∆(  ∗).& ( 4&+() 6∗ α  &:∗) &Ε∗/&1 ( ./2∗)4&+( 6∗ ∋(/9.&/,& Ε&)& β
/−( &<76& ∗5 /&6& /& 6∗2∗)5./&,−( 6( 4&+() 6∗ α 
&+2∗)/&2.4& ϑΚ &9.)5& ;7∗ ( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ &/≅7+&) = /∗≅&2.4( (5( <3 6.11∗5(10 /−( 2∗5(1
1∗≅7)&/,& /∗5 ;7&/2( &( 1./&+ 6∗ β 
&9.)5&2.4& ϑΚ /(1 6.Α ;7∗ & )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ &1 4&).34∗.1 = /−( +./∗&) (50 ∋&1( β 1∗<&
)∗&+5∗/2∗ Α∗)(0 .11( 1.≅/.9.∋& ;7∗ /−( 83 )∗+&,−( +./∗&) &1 /−( 1.≅/.9.∋& ;7∗ ∗∆.12& (72)(
2.Ε( 6∗ )∗+&,−( Γ∋(5( ;7&6)32.∋&0 ∗∆Ε(/∗/∋.&+0 +(≅&)Φ25.∋& ∗2∋Η
&9.)5&2.4& ϑΚ 6.Α ;7∗ & 4&).34∗+ 6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗ &1175∗ &Ε∗/&1 4&+()∗1 /∗≅&2.4(1 −( 83
;7&+;7∗) ./9()5&,−( 1(:)∗ (1 4&+()∗1 &1175.6(1 Ε∗+&1 4&).34∗.1 ∗5 ;7∗12−( Γ1∗<& &
6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗ (7 ./6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗Η

3 

∃ −
& 
  

!  Κ

(/1.6∗)∗ ;7∗ = 6&6( 75 4&+()0 ς 0 ∗ ;7∗)∗5(1 ∗12.5&) ( 4&+() ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗/2∗ 6∗ Ρ

∗12.5&2.4&0 Ε∗+& )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−(0 1∗)3Β



 
  (,

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

ς   ( ς
7:12.27./6( ( 4&+() 6∗ Β
ς  ∀  # ( ς
ς   ( ∀ς  #

ϑ∀ς #  ϑ∀# ( ϑΩ∀ς  #Ξ (  ∃ ∀ς  # ∃ ΜΝΟ∀ #

Ε+.∋&/6( & 4&).ς/∋.& 6(1 6(.1 +&6(1Β

ϑ∀ς #  ϑ∀# ( ϑΩ∀ς  #Ξ (  ∃ ∀ς  # ∃ 

ϑ∀ς #  ϑ∀# ( ∀ς  # ϑ∀#
 
ϑ∀ς #  
( ∀ς  # ∃



∗ /−( ∋(/8∗∋∗5(1 ( 4&+() 6∗   0 17:12.27Φ5(1 Ε() 17& ∗12.5&2.4&0 ;7∗ ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗ &(
;7&6)&6( 5=6.( 6(1 )∗1Φ67(1 ΓΙ  Η ∗11∗ ∋&1(0 & ∗12.5&2.4& 6& 4&).ς/∋.& 6∗ ς 1∗)3Β
Ι Ι
Ι∀ς #  ( ∀ς  # ∃


 ∀ς  #
Ι∀ς #  Ι  ∃ Κ ( Λ



∗5:)&/6( ;7∗ ς = & ∗12.5&2.4& 6( 4&+() 6∗ Ρ0 ;7&/6( Σ 4&+∗ ς  &+ 4&+() ∋&. 1(:)∗ & )∗2&
6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( ∋&+∋7+&6& 7 1∗<&0 = 75& ∗12.5&2.4& 6& ∗1Ε∗)&/,& 6∗ Ρ0 ;7&/6( Σ 4&+∗ ς 

5 (72)&1 Ε&+&4)&1Β &;7. ∗12&5(1 2)&:&+8&/6( ∋(5 ( Ε)∗6.2() 6( 4&+() ∗1Ε∗)&6( Γς Η

∃   #!

 

#5& 4∗Α ∋&+∋7+&6( ( 4&+() ς 0 ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗/2∗ Ν ∗12.5&2.4& 6∗ Ρ ;7&/6( Σ 4&+∗ ς 0 Ε(6∗5(1

∗))( ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗ Ν 6.9∗)∗/,& ∗/2)∗ ( 4∗)6&6∗.)( 4&+() ς Γ75& (:1∗)4&,−( ./6.4.67&+Η ∗

;7∗)∗) ∗1276&) ( ∗))( ∋(5∗2.6( /∗12& Ε)∗4.1−( ;7∗ ∗12&5(1 9&Α∗/6(

17& Ε)∗4.1−( ς 

0  ς  ς
∗16∗ ;7∗ &1 67&1 4&).34∗.1 &∋.5& 1−( ./6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗10 & 4&).ς/∋.& 6( ∗))( 6∗ Ε)∗4.1−( 1∗)3 &

 ∀ς  #
1(5& 6&1 4&).ς/∋.&1 )∗17+2&6( 9./&+ 1∗)3Β

ϑ∀0#   ∃ Κ ( (

Λ


+&)(0 1∗ /−( 1(7:∗)5(1 ( 4&+() 6∗   0 17:12.27Φ5(1 Ε() Ι  0 1∗7 ∗12.5&6()Β
 ∀ς  #
Ι∀0#  Ι ∃ Κ ( (

Λ


Φ Ε(6∗5(1 ∗12&:∗+∗∋∗) ./2∗)4&+(1 6∗ ∋(/9.&/,& Ε&)& & /(11& Ε)∗4.1−(0 &11.5Β



 
  (/

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

ς Ψ Τ ∃ Ι∀0#
/6∗ Τ = ( 4&+() 6& 6.12).:7.,−( 0 ∋(5   ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗0 Ε&)& ( /Φ4∗+ 6∗ ∋(/9.&/,&
∗12&:∗+∗∋.6(

∗<&5 ;7∗ &≅()& /−( ∗12&5(1 5&.1 ∋(/1.6∗)&/6( ( 4&+() ∗1Ε∗)&6( 12&5(1 ∋(/1.6∗)&/6(
75& 6∗2∗)5./&6& (:1∗)4&,−( ./6.4.67&+ Γς Η0 ;7∗ 2&5:=5 2∗5 75& 6.1Ε∗)1−( ∗5 2()/( 6&
)∗2&
.11( 17)≅∗ 75 )∗17+2&6( ./2∗)∗11&/2∗

∗1Ε∗)&6( Χ ( ;7∗ 576& 6∗ 75 ∋&1( Ε&)& ( (72)( = ;7∗ 1(5&5(1 ( 4&+()    ( 97/6(0
4&).ς/∋.& 6( ∗))( 6( Ε)∗6.2() Γ(:1∗)4&,−( ./6.4.67&+Η = 57.2( 1.5.+&) Ν 4&).ς/∋.& 6( 4&+()

;7&/6( ∋(/1.6∗)&5(1 75& (:1∗)4&,−( ./6.4.67&+0 ∗12&5(1 &6.∋.(/&/6( & 4&).ς/∋.& 6&
Ε)ΧΕ).& (:1∗)4&,−( ./6.4.67&+0 ;7∗ 1∗ 6.1Ε∗)1& ∗5 2()/( 6& )∗2& )∗&+ 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−(
∗<&5(1 75& ;7∗12−( & )∗1Ε∗.2(

5  %0 6 00 9<:

  ∋ ( Θ ( 7
(/1.6∗)∗ ( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&)

Η    % Ρ  
(/6∗  = 75& )∗&+.Α&,−( 6∗ 75& 4&).34∗+ )∗1Ε(12& 0  = 75& )∗&+.Α&,−( 6∗ 75& 4&).34∗+
∗∆Χ≅∗/& 0 (1 7 1−( ∗))(1 &+∗&2Χ).(1 /−(Θ(:1∗)434∗.10 /−( ∋())∗+&∋.(/&6(10 ∋(5 5=6.&
/7+& ∗ 4&).ς/∋.& ∋(/12&/2∗   ( Ε)(∋∗11( 6∗ ∗12.5&,−( 4.& ( 5=2(6( 6∗ 5Φ/.5(1

    Ζ ∀  #
;7&6)&6(1 &1 4&).34∗.1 9()&5 ∋()).≅.6&1 Ε∗+& 5=6.&0 Ε)(67Α./6( & ∗;7&,−( 6∗ &<712∗

      Ζ  
/6∗

4&).ς/∋.& 6( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ Ζ 9(. ∗12.5&6& ∗5 0  ∗))( 5=6.( ;7&6)32.∋( 6& )∗≅)∗11−(
4&+∗ 

11./&+∗ & (Ε,−( ∋())∗2&

&Η Ε)∗6.2() 6& (:1∗)4&,−( ./6.4.67&+ 6∗ Ρ 0 ;7&/6( Σ Ω 0 4&+∗  ∗ 2∗5 4&).ς/∋.& 0 

∋Η 1 4&).34∗.1 &+∗&2Χ).&1  ∗ Ζ 2∗5 ∋())∗+&,−( 6.12./2& 6∗ Α∗)(

:Η Ε)∗6.2() 6( 4&+() ∗1Ε∗)&6( 6∗ Ρ 0 ;7&/6( Σ Ω 0 4&+∗  ∗ 2∗5 4&).ς/∋.& 0 

6Η Ε)∗6.2() 6( 4&+() ∗1Ε∗)&6( 6∗ Ρ 0 ;7&/6( Σ Ω 0 4&+∗  ∗ 2∗5 4&).ς/∋.& 

∗Η Ε)∗6.2() 6& (:1∗)4&,−( ./6.4.67&+ 6∗ Ρ0 ;7&/6( Σ Ω 0 4&+∗  ∗ 2∗5 4&).ς/∋.& 

 3



 
  )0

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

∗Ε&)∗5 ;7∗ ( ∗/7/∋.&6( /−( ∗12&:∗+∗∋∗7 6.9∗)∗/,& ∗/2)∗ (1 1Φ5:(+(1 Ε&)& &1 )∗&+.Α&,Μ∗1
6∗ Ρ ∗ 1∗71 Ε)∗6.2()∗1
&/2∗/6( & 1.5:(+(≅.& 6( ∗/7/∋.&6(0 4&5(1 71&) ]Ρ]0 6∗ &≅()& ∗5 6.&/2∗0 ∋(5( ( Ε)∗6.2()
6& 4&).34∗+ 6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗0 6&6( Ε∗+& )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−(

    
&5(1 71&) & 1∗≅7./2∗ /(2&,−(Β

    
∀7&2)( 6&1 ∋./∋( &+2∗)/&2.4&1 1∗ )∗9∗)∗5 & Ε)∗6.,Μ∗1 Ε&)& Σ Ω 
7&1 6∗+&1 9&+&5 ∗5 Ε)∗6.2() 6( 4&+() ∗1Ε∗)&6( ∗ &1 (72)&1 67&1 9&+&5 ∗5 Ε)∗6.2() 6&
(:1∗)4&,−( ./6.4.67&+ &5(1 ∋(5∗,&) ∋(5 ( Ε)∗6.2() 6( 4&+() ∗1Ε∗)&6(

    Ζ ∀  #
∀7&/6( Σ Ω 0 ( 4&+() ∗1Ε∗)&6( Ε&)& ]Ρ] = 6&6( Ε∗+& )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( ∋&+∋7+&6&

     ∃ ∀%  #
     ∃  Φ   %
Ε)∗6.2() 6( 4&+() ∗1Ε∗)&6( = 

+=5 6.11(0 1∗ ∋(/1.6∗)&)5(1 2(6&1 &1 &5(12)&1 Ε(11Φ4∗.10 2∗)∗5(1 ( 1∗≅7./2∗ )∗2& 6∗
)∗≅)∗11−( ∋&+∋7+&6& 576& 6∗ 75& &5(12)& Ε&)& (72)& 7 1∗<&0 & )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−(
∋&+∋7+&6& 4&).& 1 4&+()∗1 ∗1Ε∗)&6(1 6∗ Ρ0 Ε&)& 6&6( Σ0 4&).&5 ∗5(1 75& 4&).34∗+

 ∀ς  #
&∗+&2Χ).& ;7∗ &Ε)∗1∗/2& & 1∗≅7./2∗ 4&).ς/∋.&Β

 ∃ Κ ( Λ


/6∗Β
• ]/] = ( 2&5&/8( 6& &5(12)&
• ΣΠ = ( 4&+() 6∗ Σ Ε&)& ( ;7&+ 1∗ 6∗1∗<& ∋&+∋7+&) ( Ε)∗6.2() 6( 4&+() ∗1Ε∗)&6( 6∗ Ρ

(5( /−( ∋(/8∗∋∗5(1   0 17:12.27Φ5(1 Ε() 1∗7 ∗12.5&6()0 ;7∗ = ( ∗))( 5=6.( ;7&6)32.∋(0
1 6∗5&.1 2∗)5(1 9()&5 6∗9./.6(1 /( ∗/7/∋.&6(

 ∀ς  #
∗ ;7∗ 4&+∗ 

∃Κ ( Λ



Χ ;7∗ /−( 1&:∗5(1 ;7&/2( 4&+∗ & 1(5& 6(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6(1 6∗14.(1 Ε&)& Σ

&1 1&:∗5(1 ;7∗ & 4&).ς/∋.& ∗12.5&6& 6∗ [ = 0  11& 4&).ς/∋.& = ∋&+∋7+&6& 6( 1∗≅7./2∗
5(6(Β



 
  )

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 


ϑ∀ Ζ # 


(5( /−( ∋(/8∗∋∗5(1   0 17:12.27Φ5(1 Ε() 1∗7 ∗12.5&6() ΓΗ0 (:2∗/6( & 4&).ς/∋.&
∗12.5&6& 6∗ Ζ Β

 



  
+


 ∀ς  #
≅()& Ε(6∗5(1 4(+2&) (/6∗ 2Φ/8&5(1 Ε&)&6(Β

∃Κ ( Λ



 ∀%  #
7:12.27./6( (1 4&+()∗1 6&6(1 /( ∗/7/∋.&6(Β

 (
 


 ∀%  #
7:12.27./6( & 1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 6(1 6∗14.(1 Ε&)& ΣΒ

 (  
 +

∗175./6(0 ( Ε)∗6.2() 6( 4&+() ∗1Ε∗)&6( 6∗ Ρ ΓΕ&)& Σ Ω Η = .≅7&+ &  ∗ 2∗5 4&).ς/∋.& 0 


3 7
∗<&5 ;7∗ & &+2∗)/&2.4& ]6] ∗))& &( 2)&Α∗) 4&).ς/∋.&  Γ∗5 4∗Α 6∗ 0 Η

≅()& 4&5(1 &/&+.1&) ( Ε)∗6.2() 6& (:1∗)4&,−( ./6.4.67&+ 6∗ Ρ0 ;7&/6( Σ Ω 

∗11∗ ∋&1(0 & Λ/.∋& 576&/,& (∋())∗ /& 4&).ς/∋.& 11( Ε();7∗0 &+=5 6∗ ∋(/1.6∗)&)5(1 ;7∗ &

Ε)ΧΕ).& 6.1Ε∗)1−( 6∗ Ρ ∗5 2()/( 6& )∗2& Ρ 4&).& ∗5 2()/( 6& )∗2& ∋(5 4&).ς/∋.&   
)∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( Ε(6∗).& 576&) 6∗ &5(12)& Ε&)& &5(12)&0 2∗5(1 ;7∗ ∋(/1.6∗)&) 2&5:=5 &

∗12∗ 5(6(0 ;7&/6( /(1 )∗9∗).)5(1 Ν 4&).ς/∋.& 6( Ε)∗6.2() 6∗ 75& (:1∗)4&,−( ./6.4.67&+0 &

 ∀ς  #
9Χ)57+& 6& 4&).ς/∋.& 9.∋&Β

Ι ∃ Κ ( (

Λ


 ∀%  #
Κ ( ( Λ∃
 +
 
4&).ς/∋.& Ε&11& Ε&)& 0  &Φ ( ∗))( 6&1 &+2∗)/&2.4&1 ]&] ∗ ]∗]



 
  )

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

∀7&/2( Ν &+2∗)/&2.4& ]∋]0 & ∋(4&).ς/∋.& ∗/2)∗ &1 4&).34∗.1 &+∗&2Χ).&1 ∗+∗/∋&6&1 = /7+&

5  % <= ? 00∋ 9<:

  ∋ ( Θ ( 7
(/1.6∗)∗ ( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&)

Η    % ∴ 
/6∗ (1  )∗Ε)∗1∗/2&5 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 6& 4&).34∗+ )∗1Ε(12& ]0 (1  )∗Ε)∗1∗/2&5 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1
6& 4&).34∗+ ∗∆Χ≅∗/& 0 ∋ ∗ Θ 1−( Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(1 ∗ (1 7 1−( ∗))(1 /−(
∋())∗+&∋.(/&6(1 ∋(5 5=6.& /7+& ∗ 4&).ς/∋.& ∋(/12&/2∗ &)2∗ 6& 2&:∗+& 6∗ &/3+.1∗ 6∗
4&).ς/∋.& = 6&6& &:&.∆( &:∗Θ1∗ ;7∗ & 5=6.& 6(1 4&+()∗1 6& 4&).34∗+ ∗∆Χ≅∗/& =  ∗ ;7∗ &

( 4&+() 6& 4&).ς/∋.& 6( Ε)∗6.2() 6∗  ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗/2∗ &   +

1(5& 6(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6∗ 1∗71 6∗14.(1 )∗+&2.4(1 & ∗11& 5=6.& =  11./&+∗ & (Ε,−( ;7∗ 63

&Η 0
:Η  0
∋Η 0
6Η 0
∗Η 0

∗<&   & 4&).ς/∋.& ∋(/12&/2∗ 6(1 2∗)5(1 7

 3

∗12.5&6() 6∗   = .≅7&+ &( ;7&6)&6( 5=6.( 6(1 )∗1Φ67(1 Γ1 Ω ∀∗1Η0 ;7∗ Ε() 17& 4∗Α =
.≅7&+ Ν 6.4.1−( ∗/2)∗ & 1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 6(1 )∗1Φ67(1 ∗ ( )∗1Ε∗∋2.4( /Λ5∗)( 6∗ ≅)&71 6∗

∗+
+.:∗)6&6∗Β

Ι   %∗

∗<& ς ( Ε)∗6.2() 6∗ ς  +

 ∀⊥  # 
4&).ς/∋.& 6( Ε)∗6.2() ./6.4.67&+ 9.∋&Β

Κ ( ( Λ


1(5& 6(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6(1 6∗14.(1 6∗ Σ ∗5 )∗+&,−( Ν 17& 5=6.& = .≅7&+ &  .∋&5(1

 ∀⊥  # 
∋(5Β

Κ ( ( Λ
:



 
  )∃

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

/Λ5∗)( 6∗ ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗ 2(2&+ = .≅7&+ &Β  Ζ ! Ω % 11∗ /Λ5∗)(0 Ε() 17& 4∗Α0

   ) Φ  
∋())∗1Ε(/6∗ & 0 (/6∗ ]/] = ( 2&5&/8( 6& &5(12)&

 ∀⊥  # 
≅()& 17:12.27Φ5(1 ∗11∗ )∗17+2&6( /( ∋3+∋7+( 6& 4&).ς/∋.& 6( Ε)∗6.2()Β

Κ ( ( Λ
 :

5=6.& 6∗ Σ 4&+∗  ∗ ς  +Β

 ∀+  %# 
Κ ( ( Λ
 :

Ε() 17& ∗12.5&2.4& Ι  Β

 ∀+  %#
./&+5∗/2∗0 17:12.27Φ5(1

Κ ( ( Λ ∃ %∗
 :
 ∀ (  ( # ∃ %∗  ++

3 

%  ?Λ16

5 2ΧΕ.∋( &/2∗).() /Χ1 ∗1276&5(1 ( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 #5& ∋&)&∋2∗)Φ12.∋&
5&)∋&/2∗ 6∗12∗ = ;7∗ 2Φ/8&5(1 75& Λ/.∋& 4&).34∗+ 6.2& ϑ./6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗Κ

  ∋ ( Θ ( 7
5(6∗+( ∗)&Β

4&).34∗+ ϑΡΚ = ∋8&5&6& 6∗ 6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗ 4&).34∗+ ϑΣΚ = ./6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗0 1∗71 4&+()∗1 1−(
∋(/1.6∗)&6(1 6&6(10 9()/∗∋.6(10 ∗ & Ε&)2.) 6∗+∗1 ∋&+∋7+&5(1 Ρ

∗12∗ /(4( 2ΧΕ.∋( 4∗)∗5(1 75 5(6∗+( ∗5 ;7∗ 83 5&.1 6∗ 75& 4&).34∗+ ./6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗
.6∗.& ≅∗)&+ 6( 5(6∗+( = ∗∆&2&5∗/2∗ & 5∗15& 6∗ &/2∗1 Χ 576& 75 Ε(7∋( & 5&2∗532.∋&
∗/4(+4.6&0 Ε(.1 &≅()& 2∗5(1 ;7∗ +.6&) ∋(5 5&.1 4&).34∗.1 &)& 6&) ∋(/2& 6.11(0 2∗5(1 ;7∗
71&) ∗;7&,Μ∗1 ∗/4(+4∗/6( 5&2).Α∗1

/2∗1 6∗ ≅∗/∗)&+.Α&) (1 )∗17+2&6(10 4∗<&5(1 75 5(6∗+( ∋(5  4&).34∗.1 ./6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗1

∗11(&+0 /∗12∗ 2ΧΕ.∋( ∗7 /−( 2∗/8( (72)& &+2∗)/&2.4& & /−( 1∗) 6&) 75& .6∗.& :31.∋& 6∗ (/6∗
4Ο5 (1 )∗17+2&6(1
∗ 4(∋Ο1 Ε)∗9∗).)∗50 Ε(6∗5 1.5Ε+∗15∗/2∗ 6∗∋()&) ( )∗17+2&6( 9./&+0 (Π>



 
  )%

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

  _Τ ( _  ( _  ( 
(11( 5(6∗+( ∋(5  4&).34∗.1 = &11.5Β

1 4&).34∗.1 ./6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗1 1−(  ∗  α ./6.∋& ( ∗))( &+∗&2Χ).(

∗<&5 βΤ  β β (1 ∗12.5&6()∗1 6∗ _Τ  _  _ 

  βΤ ( β  ( β 
1 4&+()∗1 ∗12.5&6(1 6∗ Ρ 9.∋&5Β

χ    
6∗14.( = & 6.9∗)∗/,& ∗/2)∗ ( 4∗)6&6∗.)( 4&+() 6∗ Ρ ∗ 17& ∗12.5&2.4&Β

( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(10 ;7∗)∗5(1 5./.5.Α&) & 1(5& 6(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6(1
6∗14.(1Β

χ


/6∗ ϑ/Κ ./6.∋& ( 2&5&/8( 6& &5(12)&

.∋&5(1 ∋(5Β

Ω   Ξ


 ∀  βΤ  β   β  #

&)& (:2∗) (1 ∗12.5&6()∗1 ;7∗ 5./.5.Α&5 & 1(5& 6(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6(1 6∗14.(10 & ≅∗/2∗
6∗).4& ∗5 )∗+&,−( & ∋&6& ∗12.5&6()0 ∗ .≅7&+& & Α∗)(

∗).4&/6( ∗5 )∗+&,−( & βΤΒ

 ∃ ∀  βΤ  β   β  # ∃ ∀#  
  βΤ  β ∃   β ∃   
βΤ ( β  ( β    ∀δ#

12& = & Ε).5∗.)& ∗;7&,−( & ;7∗ ∋8∗≅&5(1

∗).4&/6( ∗5 )∗+&,−( & βΒ

 ∃ ∀  βΤ  β   β  # ∃ ∀ #  
∀ # ( βΤ  ( β  ( β    
∀ #  βΤ  ( β  ( β   ∀δδ#



 
  )∋

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

∗).4&/6( ∗5 )∗+&,−( & βΒ

 ∃ ∀  βΤ  β   β  # ∃ ∀ #  
∀ # ( βΤ  ( β   ( β   
∀ #  βΤ  ( β   ( β  ∀δδδ#

/2−( Ε&)& ∋&+∋7+&) (1 4&+()∗1 6∗ βΤ  β  β /Χ1 Ε)∗∋.1&5(1 )∗1(+4∗) ( 1.12∗5& 6∗ 2)Ο1

∗;7&,Μ∗1 ∗ 2)Ο1 ./∋Χ≅/.2&1 & ;7∗ ∋8∗≅&5(1 &∋.5& 7 1∗<&0 /( 97/6( = 75 1.12∗5& +./∗&) 6∗
2)Ο1 ./∋Χ≅/.2&1

∗ 2.4=11∗5(1 75& )∗≅)∗11−( ∋(5  4&).34∗.1 ./6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗10 2∗)Φ&5(1 75 1.12∗5& 6∗ 

∗;7&,Μ∗1 ∗  ./∋Χ≅/.2&1

∗ 2.4=11∗5(1 75& )∗≅)∗11−( ∋(5  4&).34∗.1 ./6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗10 1∗).&5 ∗;7&,Μ∗1 ∗

./∋Χ≅/.2&1

 &11.5 Ε() 6.&/2∗

Υ3 Ε∗/1(7 9.∋&) )∗1(+4∗/6( 1.12∗5&1 ≅)&/6∗1 &11.5> 3 57.2( 2)&:&+8(

5∗+8() 9()5& 6∗ ≅∗/∗)&+.Α&) (1 )∗17+2&6(10 ∗ 6∗ 9&∋.+.2&) ./∋+71.4∗ ( &7∆Φ+.( 6∗
∋(5Ε72&6()∗1 Γ1.50 /& Ε)32.∋&0 /( 6.& & 6.&0 /75& Ε∗1;7.1& Ε&)& 4&+∗)0 ∋(5 57.2(1 6&6(10
./4.34∗+ 9&Α∗) ;7&+;7∗) ∋(.1& /& 5−(Η0 & 5∗+8() 9()5& 6∗ 9&Α∗) 276( .11( = 71&/6( 5&2).Α∗1
(.1 5&2).Α∗1 2Ο5 276( & 4∗) ∋(5 1.12∗5&1 +./∗&)∗1

Π0 &≅()& 4&5(1 9&Α∗) 276( 6∗ /(4( &1 71&/6( 5&2).Α∗1

(7 )∗Ε)∗1∗/2&) &1 5&2).Α∗1 Ε() +∗2)&1 5./Λ1∋7+&1


5&2).Α ϑΚ .)3 6∗1.≅/&) (1 ϑ/Κ 4&+()∗1 6∗ ΡΒ


γ ϕ
:
φ ι
φ:ι
:
ε
η
5&2).Α κ )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& (1 Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(1Β
ΘΤ
κ  λΘ µ
Θ
5&2).Α  )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& (1 ∗))(1 &+∗&2Χ).(1Β



 
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044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

7
7
γ:ϕ
φ : ι
φ ι
:
ε7
η
5&2).Α
)∗Ε)∗1∗/2& &1 4&).34∗.1 ./6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗1Β
  
γ    ϕ

 φ  Σ Σ ι
: : :
ε 

η
&)& 9.∋&) ∋+&)(0 4&5(1 &/&+.1&) & 1∗≅7/6& ∋(+7/&Β
• )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& ( Ε).5∗.)( 4&+() 6& 4&).34∗+ 
•  )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& ( 1∗≅7/6( 4&+() 6& 4&).34∗+ 
• 
)∗Ε)∗1∗/2& ( ∗/=1.5( 4&+() 6& 4&).34∗+ 
(6∗ Ε&)∗∋∗) ∗12)&/8( & Ε).5∗.)& ∋(+7/& 1∗) 2(6& Ε)∗∗/∋8.6& ∋(5 ϑΚ0 5&1 .11( 4&. 9.∋&)
∋+&)( ∗5 1∗≅7.6&

 
κ ( ν
&Φ ;7∗ /(11( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( 9.∋& &11.5Β

? ( 1∗≅7./2∗0 ( )∗17+2&6( 6& (Ε∗&),−(
κ ( ν 1∗)3 & 5&2).Α 

;7∗ = ;7∗ .5Ε()2& &≅()&>

&)& ∋&6& 4&+() 6∗ ϑ.Κ0 ∗12&5(1 ∗5 75 ∗+∗5∗/2( &5(12)&+ 7 1∗<&0 Ε&)& ∋&6& 4&+() 6∗ ϑ.Κ0

  _Τ ( _  ( _  ( 
2∗)∗5(1Β

 7 &./6&0 ∗12&5(1 (+8&/6( Ε&)& 75& 6∗2∗)5./&6& +./8& 6∗
κ ( ν

11.50 9.∆&6( ϑ.Κ0 .11( 1.≅/.9.∋& ;7∗ ∗12&5(1 (+8&/6( Ε&)& 75& 6∗2∗)5./&6& +./8& 6& 5&2).Α

≅()& (:1∗)4∗5 ;7∗ & 5&2).Α
57+2.Ε+.∋& κ &)& ;7&+;7∗) +./8& ;7∗ (+8&)5(10 _Τ 0 ;7∗ =
75 6(1 ∗+∗5∗/2(1 6∗ κ0 1∗5Ε)∗ 6∗4∗ 1∗) 57+2.Ε+.∋&6( Ε()  ∗<&5 ∗5 4∗)5∗+8(Β
  ο_Τ ( _  ( _  ( 7
0 /& (:2∗/,−( 6& +./8& ϑ.Κ0 ;7∗5 = ;7∗ 57+2.Ε+.∋& _Τ >
∀7∗5 9&Α .11( = ( ∗+∗5∗/2( 6∗
;7∗ (∋7Ε& & Ε).5∗.)& Ε(1.,−( 6& +./8& ϑ.Κ

./2∗.)& 6∗
6∗4∗ 1∗) .≅7&+ & 

(5( .11( 2∗5 ;7∗ (∋())∗) Ε&)& 2(6(1 (1 4&+()∗1 6∗ ϑ.Κ0 ∋(/∋+7Φ5(1 ;7∗ & Ε).5∗.) &∋(+7/&

∗)2(>

7.2( :∗50 1∗<& &≅()&  & 5&2).Α 6(1 ∗12.5&6()∗1Β



 
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044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

βΤ
  λβ µ
β
 1∗<& π & 5&2).Α 6(1 ∗12.5&6()∗1 6∗ ΡΒ

γ
ϕ
π  φ : ι
φ:ι
:

ε
η
./&+5∗/2∗0 1∗<& 0 & 5&2).Α 6(1 ∗12.5&6()∗1 6(1 6∗14.(1Β
0
0
γ:ϕ
0φ : ι
φ ι
:
ε0
η

π 

∗;7&,−( ;7∗ )∗+&∋.(/& 2&.1 5&2).Α∗1 =Β

0    π
1 6∗14.(1 ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗5 Ν1 6.9∗)∗/,&1 ∗/2)∗ (1 4&+()∗1 6∗ Ρ ∗ 17&1 ∗12.5&2.4&1Β

0   


∀7∗)∗5(1 5./.5.Α&) & 1(5& 6(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6(1 6∗14.(1

(5( ∋&+∋7+&5(1 ∗11& 1(5&>
11.5Β
0 ( 0 ( Ρ ( 0

(5( ∗+& Ε(6∗ 1∗) (:2.6&>
&12& 57+2.Ε+.∋&) & 5&2).Α ∗))(1 67&1 4∗Α∗1 #5& ∋(5( 5&2).Α +./8&0 (72)& ∋(5( 5&2).Α
∋(+7/&

0 θ0
1(5& 6(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6(1 6∗14.(1 9.∋&Β

∀ 
#θ ∃ ∀ 
#
/6∗ & +./8& )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& & 5&2).Α 2)&/1Ε(12&

 ∀ θ   θ
θ # ∃ ∀ 
#
 ∀ θ    θ
   θ
θ  (  θ
θ
#
≅()& /(2∗5 ;7∗  θ
 = 2)&/1Ε(12& 6& 5&2).Α  θ
θ 
&5(1 &/&+.1&) ( Ε).5∗.)( Ε)(672(



 
  ),

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

 θ ρ 5&2).Α  ∆ /

Β 5&2).Α / ∆ 

(≅(0 ( Ε)(672( σ
1∗)3 75& 5&2).Α  ∆ 

σ
Β 5&2).Α  ∆ 
(/2./7&/6(Β

ρ 5&2).Α  ∆ 

(≅(0 ( Ε)(672( σ
 1∗)3 75& 5&2).Α  ∆  7 1∗<&0 1∗)3 75 /Λ5∗)( )∗&+
(5 75& &/3+.1∗ 1.5.+&)0 6∗1∋(:).5(1 ;7∗  θ
θ  2&5:=5 = 75 /Λ5∗)( )∗&+

(≅(Β  θ
   θ
θ 
)&10 67&1 5&2).Α∗1  ∆ ∗5 ;7∗ 75& = & 2)&/1Ε(12& 6& (72)& 1−( .≅7&.1 ∗/2)∗ 1.

 ∀ θ    θ
θ  (  θ
θ
#
11.50 & 1(5& 6(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6(1 6∗14.(1 9.∋&Β

∀τ θ #
θ  ( ∀τ θ #
θ
 (  θ
θ
∀τ#  

≅()& Ε)∗∋.1&5(1 6∗).4&) ∗5 )∗+&,−( & ϑ:Κ ∗ .≅7&+&) & Α∗)(Β

≅()& (:1∗)4∗5 ;7∗Β

• ∀τ θ #Β 5&2).Α  ∆ 
•
σΒ 5&2).Α  ∆ /

∀τ θ #
θ ρ 5&2).Α  ∆ /
Ε)(672( 6&1 67&1 5&2).Α∗1 &∋.5&0 ∗/2−( 1∗)3  ∆ / (/2./7&/6(Β
•
•
Β 5&2).Α / ∆ 

∀τ θ #
σ
Β 5&2).Α  ∆ 

Ε)(672( 6&1 5&2).Α∗1 &∋.5& ∗/2−( 1∗)3  ∆ 
•
• Β 5&2).Α  ∆
()2&/2(0 ∀τ θ #
θ
 = 75& 5&2).Α  ∆  7 1∗<&0 = 75 /Λ5∗)( )∗&+ (5 ( 5∗15(
)&∋.(∋Φ/.(0 ∋(/∋+7Φ5(1 ;7∗  θ
θ
∀τ# 2&5:=5 = )∗&+  ∋(5( 75& = 2)&/1Ε(12& 6& (72)&0

∀τ θ #
θ  ( ∀τ θ #
θ
 (  θ
θ
∀τ#  

∗+&1 1−( .6Ο/2.∋&1
(≅(Β

∀τ θ #
θ  ( ∀τ θ #
θ
  
∀τ θ # ∃ ∀
θ  
θ
#  

∀
θ  
θ
#  

(≅(Β

θ  
θ

∀7∗ = ∗∆&2&5∗/2∗ ( 5∗15( 1.12∗5& 6∗ ∗;7&,Μ∗1 ;7∗ (:2.4∗5(1 &/2∗1



 
  )/

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

&5(1 ∋8∗∋&)>


∗∗1∋)∗4∗/6( &1 5&2).Α∗1Β

   
   ∴  γ ϕ    ∴  βΤ
:   
λ   ∴ 
µ ∃ φ ι  λ   ∴ 
µ ∃ υ ϖ ∃ λβ µ
φ :ι ∴
  ∴ 
  ∴ 
β
:  


ε
η

&5(1 2∗12&)>
)&:&+8&/6( ∋(5 & Ε).5∗.)& +./8&Β

  βΤ ( β  ( β 
∀7∗ = ∗∆&2&5∗/2∗ & Ε).5∗.)& ∗;7&,−( 6( 1.12∗5& & ;7∗ ∋8∗≅&5(1

θ  
θ

≅)&/6∗ 4&/2&≅∗5 6( 1.12∗5& 5&2).∋.&+

7.2( :∗5 ≅()& Ε)∗∋.1&5(1 )∗1(+4∗) ( 1.12∗5& &)& 2&/2(0 .1(+&5(1 & 5&2).Α  &12&
? ;7∗ ∗+∗ 4&+∗ Ε&)& ;7&+;7∗) /Λ5∗)( 6∗ 4&).34∗.1 ./6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗1

57+2.Ε+.∋&) Ε∗+& ./4∗)1& 6∗
σ
0 Ε∗+& ∗1;7∗)6&Β

∀
θ
#ω ∃ ∀
θ #  
? Ε(11Φ4∗+ 6∗5(/12)&) ;7∗ (1 ∗12.5&6()∗1 &11.5 (:2.6(1 1−( /−( 4.∋.&6(1

  ∀
θ
#ω ∃ ∀
θ #

  Η
 Φ     Μ
#

5  % ≅6 00( 9<:

∗/6( ;7∗ & 1./.12)&+.6&6∗ ΓΗ 6∗ 75& ∋&)2∗.)& 6∗ &72(5Χ4∗.1 6∗ ]/] (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 9(.
&4&+.&6& ∗5 97/,−( 6&1 4&).34∗.1Β Σ0 )∗+&2.4& &( 5(6∗+( 6( 4∗Φ∋7+(0 ∗ Ρ0 Ε∗)9.+ 6( ∋(/672()0



 
  ,0

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

)∗17+2&/6( (1 Ε(/2(1Β ΓΣ0 Ρ0 Η0 ΓΣ0 Ρ0 Η0 0 ΓΣ/0 Ρ/0 /Η0 Ε(6∗/6(  1∗) 6∗1∋).2& Ε∗+&
∗∆Ε)∗11−(Β
4&+.&/6(  ∗5 97/,−( 6∗ 4&+()∗1 &2).:7Φ6(1 & Σ ∗ Ρ0 9&+&/6(Θ1∗ 6∗ 75 Ε+&/( 6∗ 5Φ/.5(
;7&6)&6( 6∗ &<712&5∗/2( 6∗ 6&6(10 &1 ∗;7&,Μ∗1 /()5&.1 ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗/2∗1 &( Ε+&/( 6∗

Β  Τ ( ξ (  
5Φ/.5( ;7&6)&6( 1−( 6&6&1 Ε()Β

Γ Η Β  Τ (    (   
Γ Η Β  Τ  (   (  
Γ Η Β  Τ  (   (   
/6.∋&/6( Ε()  Θ ∗)6&6∗.)( ∗  Θ &+1(0 2∗5(1 & (Ε,−( ∋())∗2& ∋(5( 1∗/6(Β
&Η 0 0 
:Η 0 0 
∋Η 0 0 
6Η 0 0 
∗Η 0 0 

 
12& ;7∗12−( ∋(:)& ∗∆&2&5∗/2∗ ( ;7∗ 9.Α∗5(1 /& Ε&)2∗ 2∗Χ).∋& 6& &7+& )∗17+2&6( ;7∗

  βΤ ( β  ( β  ∀δ#
(:2.4∗5(1 9(.Β

∀ #  βΤ  ( β  ( β   ∀δδ#
∀ #  βΤ  ( β   ( β  ∀δδδ#

Χ ;7∗ & ;7∗12−( 71(7 +∗2)&1 6.9∗)∗/2∗1Β

 ∗5 4∗Α 6∗ Ρ
Σ ∗5 4∗Α 6∗ Σ
Ρ ∗5 4∗Α 6∗ Σ
&0 & ∗ & ∋(5( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗1

Β  Τ (   (  ∀δ#
/2−(0 &6&Ε2&/6( /(11& /(5∗/∋+&27)&0 ( )∗17+2&6( Ε&11& & 1∗)Β

∀Β#  Τ  (    (   ∀δδ#

∀Β#  Τ  (   (    ∀δδδ#
Χ & 2∗)∋∗.)& ∗;7&,−( ∋(./∋.6∗ ∋(5 & ./9()5&6& /( ∗/7/∋.&6(
(≅(Β 0 0 

3 



 
  ,

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

5  %∃ 74 00 9<:

;7∗12−( :&1∗.&Θ1∗ /( ∗/7/∋.&6( 1∗≅7./2∗Β
#5 ./4∗12.≅&6() ∗123 ./2∗)∗11&6( ∗5 ∗1276&) & 97/,−( ∋(/175( 6∗ 75 6∗2∗)5./&6( 1∗2()
6& ∗∋(/(5.& (5 :&1∗ ∗5 1∗7 ∋(/8∗∋.5∗/2( 6∗ ∗().& ∋(/κ5.∋& Ε(127+& ;7∗ ( ∋(/175(
ΓΗ 6∗ ./2∗)∗11∗ 6∗4∗ 4&).&) ∋(5 & )∗/6& )∗&+ Ε∗)∋&Ε.2& 6( Ε&Φ1 ΓΗ ∗ ∋(5 75 )∗+&2.4( 6∗
Ε)∗,(1 ΓΗ 6( 1∗2() ∗12∗ ∋(/2∗∆2( (:1∗)4& 75& 1=).∗ 6∗  (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 /∗11&1 4&).34∗.1
&( +(/≅( 6( 2∗5Ε(0 (:2∗/6( 75& 1∗;∴Ο/∋.& 6∗ )∗&+.Α&,Μ∗1 20 2 ∗ 2 ;7∗ 1&2.19&Α∗5 (

,ψζ∀{| #  ∋ ( Θ ,ψζ∀.| # ( } ,ψζ∀∼| # ( Ο|

5(6∗+( +(≅Θ+./∗&)Β

 ∗12& ∗∆Ε)∗11−( ( +(≅ = 2(5&6( /& :&1∗ /∗Ε∗).&/&0 ∋ Θ } 1−( Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(1
∗ Ο| (1 1−( ∗))(1 /−( ∋())∗+&∋.(/&6(10 /()5&+5∗/2∗ 6.12).:7Φ6(1 ∋(5 5=6.& Α∗)( ∗ 4&).ς/∋.&
∋(/12&/2∗      +≅7/1 )∗17+2&6(1 6( &<712∗ 6∗11∗ 5(6∗+( Ε∗+( 5=2(6( 6∗ 5Φ/.5(1
;7&6)&6(1 1−( &Ε)∗1∗/2&6(1 & 1∗≅7.)Β

11./&+∗ & (Ε,−( ;7∗ 63 & ∗12.5&2.4& 6& 4&).&,−( ∗1Ε∗)&6& ∗5 +(≅ ΓΗ 6∗∋())∗/2∗ 6(
6∗∋)=1∋.5( 6∗ 67&1 7/.6&6∗1 /( +(≅ ΓΗ ∗ 6( &75∗/2( 6∗ 75& 7/.6&6∗ /( +(≅ ΓΗ
&Η 0%
:Η 0!
∋Η 0
6Η 0
∗Η 0

 3

,ψζ∀{| #  ∋ ( Θ ,ψζ∀.| # ( } ,ψζ∀∼| # ( Ο|

5(6∗+( &Ε)∗1∗/2&6( = ( 1∗≅7./2∗Β

,ψζ∀{| #  %∗ ( + ,ψζ∀.| # ( ∀%# ,ψζ∀∼| # ( Ο|

&5(1 17:12.27.) ∋&6& Ε&)ς5∗2)( Ε() 17& ∗12.5&2.4&Β

∗ ( +(≅&).25( 6∗  &75∗/2&) 75& 7/.6&6∗0 2∗)∗5(1 ( 1∗≅7./2∗ 11∗ &∋)=1∋.5( 1∗)3

57+2.Ε+.∋&6( Ε() 0
(≅(0 ( )∗17+2&6( ∗1Ε∗)&6( /( +(≅ 6∗  1∗)3 ( &∋)=1∋.5( 6∗ 0



 
  ,

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

∗ ( +(≅&).25( 6∗  6∗∋)∗1∋∗) 67&1 7/.6&6∗10 2∗)∗5(1 ( 1∗≅7./2∗ 11∗ 6∗∋)=1∋.5( 1∗)3

∀# ∃ ∀%#  ∗∗

57+2.Ε+.∋&6( Ε() Θ0!
(≅(0 ( )∗17+2&6( ∗1Ε∗)&6( /( +(≅ 6∗  1∗)3 ( &∋)=1∋.5( 6∗Β

+ ( ∗∗  

Υ7/2&/6( (1 6(.1 ∗9∗.2(10 ( &∋)=1∋.5( 2(2&+ ∗1Ε∗)&6( /( +(≅&).25( 6∗  1∗)3Β


3 7

∋ Χ ; −Ε4 ; 

&/3+.1∗ 6∗ 4&).ς/∋.& 6& )∗≅)∗11−( 5Λ+2.Ε+& = :&12&/2∗ 1.5.+&) Ν &/3+.1∗ 6∗ 4&).ς/∋.& 6&
)∗≅)∗11−( 1.5Ε+∗10 ∗1276&6& ∗5 2ΧΕ.∋( &/2∗).()
  Φ  Η Γ∀Η = 6&6& Ε()Β

Ω   Ξ


? ∗∆&2&5∗/2∗ & 5∗15& ∋(.1& ;7∗ 4.5(1 /& )∗≅)∗11−( 1.5Ε+∗1

6.9∗)∗/,& 6( /(4( 2ΧΕ.∋( = ;7∗ &Ε)∗/6∗5(1 ∋(5( ∗1∋)∗4∗) .11( /& 9()5& 5&2).∋.&+

∀ θ    θ
θ  (  θ
θ
#
.∋& &11.5Β

∀  #
  Φ  Γ∀Η ∋(/2./7& 1∗/6(Β

∀     (   #
∗1∗/4(+4∗/6(Β

      (  
      (  
     
1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 6( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( Γ∀Η ∋(/2./7& 1∗/6(Β

Ω  Ξ


−( 4∗)∗5(1 ∋(5( ∗1∋)∗4∗) 2&.1 ≅)&/6∗Α&1 /& 9()5& 5&2).∋.&+0 Ε(.1 /−( = ∋(:)&6( /&1
Ε)(4&1 6∗ ∋(/∋7)1(1

ΒΧ/  ΒΧ. ( ΒΧ∆

)∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ &1 1(5&1 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 ∋(/2./7& 4&+∗/6(Β

;7∗ Ε)∗∋.1&5(1 &Ε)∗/6∗) 6∗ /(4.6&6∗ = & ;7&/2.6&6∗ 6∗ ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗ &11(∋.&6( &

∀ ∋(/2./7& 2∗/6(   ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗

∋&6& 1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1



 
  ,∃

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

ΒΧ∆ 2∗5 €   ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗ /6∗ ϑΕΚ = ( /Λ5∗)( 6∗ Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 & 1∗)∗5
∗12.5&6(1 & &7+& Ε&11&6&0 /& )∗≅)∗11−( 1.5Ε+∗10 2Φ/8&5(1 &Ε∗/&1 6(.1 Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 Γ∋ Θ#
() .11( ∀ 2./8&      ≅)&7 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗

Γ_Τ  _  _ # ∗)−(  ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗

∆∗5Ε+.9.∋&/6(Β /75& )∗≅)∗11−( ∋(5  4&).34∗.1 ./6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗10 1−(  Ε&)ς5∗2)(1

./&+5∗/2∗0 Ε&)& ∋&+∋7+&) ( /Λ5∗)( 6∗ ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗ 6∗ ∀0 :&12& 9&Α∗) & 6.9∗)∗/,&
∗/2)∗ (1 6(.1 &/2∗).()∗1

€
(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 Λ5∗)( 6∗ ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗


(6∗+( 6∗ ∗≅)∗11−(

∀  #  ∀€  #  ∀  €#
(2&+
∗1Φ67(1

Χ∆∆
∗12&2Φ12.∋& Ε&)& ( 2∗12∗  ∋(/2./7& 1∗/6(Β

8
Χ∆.
/6∗Β
• Χ∆∆Β ;7&6)&6( 5=6.( 6( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−(
• Χ∆.Β ;7&6)&6( 5=6.( 6(1 )∗1Φ67(1

4&).34∗.1 Γ_  _  ∴ :  _
Η 1−( 2(6(1 .≅7&.1 & Α∗)( ∗ )∗<∗.2&)5(1 & 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ /7+&0 ∗/2−( =
∗12&2Φ12.∋& /(1 Ε∗)5.2∗ 2∗12&) & 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ /7+& 6∗ ;7∗ (1 ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗1 ;7∗ 57+2.Ε+.∋&5 &1

Ε();7∗ &( 5∗/(1 75 6∗11∗1 ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗1 = 6.9∗)∗/2∗ 6∗ Α∗)(

ΒΧ∆
∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−( ∋(/2./7& 1∗/6(Β

. 
ΒΧ/
+∗ /(1 ./6.∋& ( ;7&/2( 6& 1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 2(2&+ = ∗∆Ε+.∋&6& Ε∗+( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−(

5  %% 1<7 00/ 9<:

5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 5Λ+2.Ε+& ΚΝ Ο Π Θ> Π Ρ= Π Σ = &<712&6( Ν1 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 Κ
Ι >
 =
0
;7∗ ∋(/12.27∗5 75& &5(12)& &+∗&2Χ).& 1.5Ε+∗1 6∗ 2&5&/8(  (/1.6∗)&/6( ;7∗ (
∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−( ∋&+∋7+&6( 9(.  Ν 0Ι,0Ι (:2∗/8& ( 4&+() 5&.1 Ε)Χ∆.5( 6&
∗12&2Φ12.∋& < Ε&)& 2∗12&) & 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ /7+& 6∗ /−(Θ∗∆.12Ο/∋.& 6& )∗≅)∗11−(
&Η !
:Η 
∋Η  
6Η 
∗Η !



 
  ,%

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

 3
∗<&5Β

Θ ∀Β 1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 2(2&+

Θ ∀Β 1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 6( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−(

Θ ∀Β 1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 6(1 )∗1Φ67(1

Θ Β ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−(

Θ ]/]Β ( 2&5&/8( 6& &5(12)&

Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 Γ∋ Θ Η
Θ ]Ε]Β & ;7&/2.6&6∗ 6∗ Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 & 1∗)∗5 ∗12.5&6(1 ∗12& ;7∗12−(0 2∗5(1 2)Ο1

ΒΧ∆
∗5(1Β

. 
ΒΧ/
ΒΧ∆
 
ΒΧ/
ΒΧ∆  ΒΧ/

ΒΧ.  ΒΧ/  ΒΧ∆  ΒΧ/  ΒΧ/   ΒΧ/

(≅(Β

∗<&5Β

Θ ∀Β ;7&6)&6( 5=6.( 2(2&+

Θ ∀Β ;7&6)&6( 5=6.( 6( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−(
Θ ∀Β ;7&6)&6( 5=6.( 6(1 )∗1Φ67(1

;7&6)&6( 5=6.( = 6&6( Ε∗+& )∗1Ε∗∋2.4& 1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 6.4.6.6& Ε∗+( /Λ5∗)( 6∗

1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 2(2&+ 2∗5   ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗

≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗

   %    

1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 6(1 )∗1Φ67(1 2∗5  €≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗ (5( & &5(12)& 2∗5
7 1∗<&0 ∀ 2∗5  ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗

2&5&/8(  Γ  %Η ∗ 1−( 2)Ο1 Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 & 1∗)∗5 ∗12.5&6(1 Γ€  %Η0 9.∋&5(1 ∋(5Β
 €  %  %  

(≅(0 ∀ 2∗5  ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗



 
  ,∋

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

() 9.50 ( /Λ5∗)( 6∗ ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗6&6∗ 6∗ ∀ = 6&6( Ε∗+& 6.9∗)∗/,& ∗/2)∗ (1 4&+()∗1

    
&∋.5&Β

∀ 2∗5  ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗

Χ∆∆ ΒΧ∆ ‚   ∃ ΒΧ. ‚ 

∗12&2Φ12.∋&  = 6&6& Ε()Β

8  
Χ∆. ΒΧ. ‚   ∃ ΒΧ/ ‚ 
 ‚ 
8  +
 ‚ 
;7∗12−( 9(. &/7+&6& Ε() /−( ∗12&) Ε)∗4.12& /( ∗6.2&+ 6( ∋(/∋7)1(

3  

5  %∋ 4≅ 00, 9<:

&/3+.1∗ 6∗ 4&).ς/∋.& 6∗ 75 5(6∗+( ∗12&2Φ12.∋( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) ()6./3).& ∋(5 75&
4&).34∗+ 6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗0 75 2∗)5( ∋(/12&/2∗ 5&.1 2)Ο1 4&).34∗.1 ∋(5( )∗≅)∗11()∗10 9()/∗∋∗7
75& 1(5& 6(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6∗4.6( Ν )∗≅)∗11−( 6∗  % ∗ 75& 1(5& 6(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6(1
)∗1Φ67(1 6∗  %  &6( ;7∗ 9()&5 71&6&1  (:1∗)4&,Μ∗10 ∋&+∋7+∗ ( 4&+() 5&.1 Ε)Χ∆.5( 6&
∗12&2Φ12.∋&  Ε&)& ( 2∗12∗ 6∗ 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ 6& /−(Θ∗∆.12Ο/∋.& 6& )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) ∗1276&6&

&Η 
:Η 
∋Η 0
6Η  
∗Η 

 3
∗<&5 ∀ ∗ ∀0 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&5∗/2∗0 & 1(5& 6(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( ∗ &
1(5& 6(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6(1 )∗1Φ67(1
∗<&5 ∀ ∗ ∀ (1 ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗/2∗1 ;7&6)&6(1 5=6.(1
Τ 1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 6∗ 5(6∗+( &11(∋.&5(1 ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗0 (/6∗ ]Ε] = &
;7&/2.6&6∗ 6∗ Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 ∗12.5&6(1
∗12∗ ∋&1(0 2∗5(1 75 ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ Ε&)& ∋&6& 75 6(1 2)Ο1 )∗≅)∗11()∗10 5&.1 ( 2∗)5(

Τ 1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 6(1 )∗1Φ67(1 &11(∋.&5(1  € ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗0 (/6∗ ]/] = (

./6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗ −(  Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 ΓΕΩΗ

2&5&/8( 6& &5(12)& ∗11∗ ∋&1(0 /Ω



 
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Χ∆∆
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8
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8
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(/1.6∗)∗ &1 1∗≅7./2∗1 ./9()5&,Μ∗1 Ε&)& )∗1(+4∗) &1 ;7∗12−(
#5& 6&1 Ε)./∋.Ε&.1 &Ε+.∋&,Μ∗1 6& ∋(/(5∗2).& 2∗5 1.6( 17& 72.+.Α&,−( /& (:2∗/,−( 6∗
5(6∗+(1 ;7∗ ∗∆Ε+.∋&5 & Ε)(∋7)& 6∗ Ε)(672(1 /(1 6.4∗)1(1 1∗2()∗1 6& ∋(/(5.& ()

ƒ  ∋ ( Θ (  ( 7
∗∆∗5Ε+(0 ∗5 75 6∗2∗)5./&6( Ε&Φ10 &6(2(7Θ1∗ ( 5(6∗+(

Ε&)& &4&+.&) & 6∗5&/6& Ε∗) ∋&Ε.2& 6∗ 75 6∗2∗)5./&6( Ε)(672(0 ∋(5 :&1∗ ∗5 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1
/(1 Λ+2.5(1 6∗Α &/(1 &6(1Β
• Α. Ω +/Γ∀.Η0 ∗5 ;7∗ +/ = ( +(≅&).25( /∗Ε∗).&/( Γ+/Γ∗Η ΩΗ ∗ ∀. 75 Φ/6.∋∗ )∗Ε)∗1∗/2&/6(
& 6∗5&/6& Ε∗) ∋&Ε.2& 6( Ε)(672( /( &/( .Ξ
• ∆. Ω +/Γ.Η0 ∗5 ;7∗ . = ( Φ/6.∋∗ 6∗ Ε)∗,( 6( Ε)(672( /( &/( .Ξ
• . Ω +/Γ.Η0 ∗5 ;7∗ . = & )∗/6& Ε∗) ∋&Ε.2& 6( Ε&Φ1 /( &/( .Ξ
• ∋ Θ  1−( Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(1Ξ
• 7 = ( ∗))( &+∗&2Χ).( ∋(5 &1 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 ∋(/1.6∗)&6&1 Ε&)& ( 5(6∗+( 6∗
)∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 5Λ+2.Ε+&

#2.+.Α&/6( ( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(10 (:2∗4∗Θ1∗ & ∗;7&,−( 6( Ε+&/(Β

[<  +  
 ( &∗

&6(1 (:2.6(1 6( ;7&6)( 6∗ &/3+.1∗ 6∗ 4&).ς/∋.&Β

• (5& 6(1 ;7&6)&6(1 )∗9∗)∗/2∗ Ν )∗≅)∗11−(Β 0

• &).&,−( )∗1.67&+Β 0

(/1.6∗)&/6( & ∗;7&,−( 6( Ε+&/( (:2.6& Ε∗+( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 Ε&)& ∗11∗
Ε&Φ10 ( 4&+() 6& Ε)∗4.1−( ∗5 75 6∗2∗)5./&6( &/( 6( Φ/6.∋∗ 6∗ 6∗5&/6& Ε∗) ∋&Ε.2& ∀ 6(
Ε)(672( &/&+.1&6( ∗5 97/,−( 6( Φ/6.∋∗ 6∗ Ε)∗,(  ∗ 75& )∗/6& Ε∗) ∋&Ε.2&  Γ∀ Τ Η Ε(6∗
1∗) (:2.6( Ε∗+& 9Χ)57+&Β
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044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

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(2∗5 ;7∗ & ;7∗12−( /−( 1∗ Ε)∗(∋7Ε(7 ∗5 &6(2&) 1Φ5:(+(1 6.12./2(1 Ε&)& ∀ ∗ 17& Ε)∗4.1−(

,− Χ  +   ,− ∼ ( &∗ ,− .

Χ  Α†‡ˆ+   ∃ ,− ∼ ( &∗ ∃ ,− .‰

∋.5&0 /& 4∗)6&6∗0 & ∗;7&,−( 2)&Α & Ε)∗4.1−( 6∗ ∀0 ∗ /−( 1∗7 4&+() )∗&+

0 3 ∃ 0 Τ„5Š
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(/1.6∗)∗ &1 1∗≅7./2∗1 ./9()5&,Μ∗1 Ε&)& )∗1(+4∗) &1 ;7∗12−(
#5& 6&1 Ε)./∋.Ε&.1 &Ε+.∋&,Μ∗1 6& ∋(/(5∗2).& 2∗5 1.6( 17& 72.+.Α&,−( /& (:2∗/,−( 6∗
5(6∗+(1 ;7∗ ∗∆Ε+.∋&5 & Ε)(∋7)& 6∗ Ε)(672(1 /(1 6.4∗)1(1 1∗2()∗1 6& ∋(/(5.& ()

ƒ  ∋ ( Θ (  ( 7
∗∆∗5Ε+(0 ∗5 75 6∗2∗)5./&6( Ε&Φ10 &6(2(7Θ1∗ ( 5(6∗+(

Ε&)& &4&+.&) & 6∗5&/6& Ε∗) ∋&Ε.2& 6∗ 75 6∗2∗)5./&6( Ε)(672(0 ∋(5 :&1∗ ∗5 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1
/(1 Λ+2.5(1 6∗Α &/(1 &6(1Β



 
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044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

• Α. Ω +/Γ∀.Η0 ∗5 ;7∗ +/ = ( +(≅&).25( /∗Ε∗).&/( Γ+/Γ∗Η ΩΗ ∗ ∀. 75 Φ/6.∋∗ )∗Ε)∗1∗/2&/6(

& 6∗5&/6& Ε∗) ∋&Ε.2& 6( Ε)(672( /( &/( .Ξ
• ∆. Ω +/Γ.Η0 ∗5 ;7∗ . = ( Φ/6.∋∗ 6∗ Ε)∗,( 6( Ε)(672( /( &/( .Ξ
• . Ω +/Γ.Η0 ∗5 ;7∗ . = & )∗/6& Ε∗) ∋&Ε.2& 6( Ε&Φ1 /( &/( .Ξ
• ∋ Θ  1−( Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(1Ξ
• 7 = ( ∗))( &+∗&2Χ).( ∋(5 &1 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 ∋(/1.6∗)&6&1 Ε&)& ( 5(6∗+( 6∗
)∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 5Λ+2.Ε+&

#2.+.Α&/6( ( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(10 (:2∗4∗Θ1∗ & ∗;7&,−( 6( Ε+&/(Β

[<  +  
 ( &∗

&6(1 (:2.6(1 6( ;7&6)( 6∗ &/3+.1∗ 6∗ 4&).ς/∋.&Β

• (5& 6(1 ;7&6)&6(1 )∗9∗)∗/2∗ Ν )∗≅)∗11−(Β 0

• &).&,−( )∗1.67&+Β 0

(5 )∗+&,−( Ν ∗;7&,−( 6( Ε+&/( &<712&6( Ε∗+( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 ∗
∋(/1.6∗)&/6( ( ;7&6)( 6∗ &/3+.1∗ 6∗ 4&).ς/∋.& ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗/2∗0 = ∋())∗2( &9.)5&) ;7∗Β

&Η ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−( ΓΗ 6& )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 5Λ+2.Ε+& = ./9∗).() & %α
:Η &)& ( 2∗12∗ 6∗ 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ 6∗ ∗∆.12Ο/∋.& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−(0 2∗5Θ1∗ ;7∗ ( /Λ5∗)( 6∗ ≅)&71 6∗
+.:∗)6&6∗ & ∋(/1.6∗)&) )∗9∗)∗/2∗ Ν 4&).&,−( )∗1.67&+ = %
∋Η (5( /& )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗10 ( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−( ΓΗ 6& )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&)
5Λ+2.Ε+& = .≅7&+ &( ;7(∋.∗/2∗ 6& 6.4.1−( 6& 4&).&,−( )∗1.67&+ Ε∗+& 4&).&,−( ∗∆Ε+.∋&6& Ε∗+&
)∗≅)∗11−(
6Η )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ ( /Λ5∗)( 6∗ ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗ )∗9∗)∗/2∗ Ν 4&).&,−( )∗1.67&+ ∗ ( /Λ5∗)(
6∗ ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗ )∗9∗)∗/2∗ Ν 4&).&,−( ∗∆Ε+.∋&6& Ε∗+& )∗≅)∗11−( = 0 
∗Η 4&+() 6& ∗12&2Φ12.∋&  Γ ∋&+∋7+&6(Η 72.+.Α&6( Ε&)& ∋(5Ε&)&,−( ∋(5 (  2&:∗+&6( Γ4&).34∗+

6∗/(5./&6()0 &( /Φ4∗+ 6∗ 1.≅/.9.∋ς/∋.& ∋Η = .≅7&+ & 

 6∗ /∗6∗∋() ∋(5 5 ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗ /( /75∗)&6() ∗ / ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗ /(

 
 
!  Υ 41 ∗<&5 ∀0 ∀ ∗ ∀0 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&5∗/2∗0 & 1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1
2(2&+ Γ4&).&,−( 2(2&+Η0 & 1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 6( 5(6∗+( Γ4&).&,−( ∗∆Ε+.∋&6&Η ∗ & 1(5& 6∗
;7&6)&6(1 6(1 )∗1Φ67(1 Γ4&).&,−( )∗1.67&+Η

ΒΧ/  ΒΧ∆ ( ΒΧ.

∗5(1Β

ΒΧ/  ∗∗ ( +  ∗%



 
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044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

(5 .11(0 Ε(6∗5(1 ∋&+∋7+&) ( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−( ΓΗΒ

ΒΧ∆ ∗∗
.    )&&&
ΒΧ/ ∗%

∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−( /−( = ./9∗).() & %α

/2∗1 6∗ &/&+.1&)5(1 & &+2∗)/&2.4& ]:]0 Ε(6∗5(1 .) 6.)∗2( Ε&)& & ]∋]0 Ε() ∋(/2& 6( )∗17+2&6(
&∋.5& (:2.6(

 
! 4 Υ 41 (5( 4.5(1 &∋.5&0 ( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−( 9(. 6&6( Ε∗+&
)∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ & 4&).&,−( ∗∆Ε+.∋&6& ∗ & 4&).&,−( 2(2&+

 
! 7 Υ 41 ∗<& ]/] ( /Λ5∗)( 6∗ (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 ∗ ]Ε] ( /Λ5∗)( 6∗
Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 & 1∗)∗5 ∗12.5&6(1
∗5(1Β

Ε Ω  Γ1−( 2)Ο1 Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 & 1∗)∗5 ∗12.5&6(1 Θ ∋ Θ Η

/ Ω  Γ(:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 Ε&)&  &/(1Η

Θ &).&,−( 2(2&+Β        )
1 ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗ &11(∋.&6(1 1−(Β

Θ &).&,−( )∗1.67&+Β  €    %  &

Θ &).&,−( ∗∆Ε+.∋&6&Β €    %    
/Λ5∗)( 6∗ ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗ &11(∋.&6( Ν 4&).&,−( )∗1.67&+ =  Γ∗ /−( %0 ∋(5( &9.)5(7 &
&+2∗)/&2.4& ]:]Η

 
! ; Υ 41
/Λ5∗)( 6∗ ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗ )∗9∗)∗/2∗ Ν 4&).&,−( )∗1.67&+ = 
/Λ5∗)( 6∗ ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗ )∗9∗)∗/2∗ Ν 4&).&,−( ∗∆Ε+.∋&6& = 

&
)∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ &5:(1 =Β

 %

 
!  Υ 41 ∗<& ∀ ( ;7&6)&6( 5=6.( 6(1 )∗1Φ67(1 ∗<& ∀ (
;7&6)&6( 5=6.( 6( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−(

1 ;7&6)&6(1 5=6.(1 1−( (:2.6(1 & Ε&)2.) 6&1 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&1 1(5&1 6∗ ;7&6)&6(10 6.4.6.6&1
Ε∗+(1 /Λ5∗)( 6∗ ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗



 
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044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

∗∗
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+
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&

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8  +


3 ;

5  %, 74 00 9<:

;7∗12−( :&1∗.&Θ1∗ /( ∗/7/∋.&6( 1∗≅7./2∗Β
#5 ./4∗12.≅&6() ∗123 ./2∗)∗11&6( ∗5 ∗1276&) & 97/,−( ∋(/175( 6∗ 75 6∗2∗)5./&6( 1∗2()
6& ∗∋(/(5.& (5 :&1∗ ∗5 1∗7 ∋(/8∗∋.5∗/2( 6∗ ∗().& ∋(/κ5.∋& Ε(127+& ;7∗ ( ∋(/175(
ΓΗ 6∗ ./2∗)∗11∗ 6∗4∗ 4&).&) ∋(5 & )∗/6& )∗&+ Ε∗)∋&Ε.2& 6( Ε&Φ1 ΓΗ ∗ ∋(5 75 )∗+&2.4( 6∗
Ε)∗,(1 ΓΗ 6( 1∗2() ∗12∗ ∋(/2∗∆2( (:1∗)4& 75& 1=).∗ 6∗  (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 /∗11&1 4&).34∗.1
&( +(/≅( 6( 2∗5Ε(0 (:2∗/6( 75& 1∗;∴Ο/∋.& 6∗ )∗&+.Α&,Μ∗1 20 2 ∗ 2 ;7∗ 1&2.19&Α∗5 (

,ψζ∀{| #  ∋ ( Θ ,ψζ∀.| # ( } ,ψζ∀∼| # ( Ο|

5(6∗+( +(≅Θ+./∗&)Β

 ∗12& ∗∆Ε)∗11−( ( +(≅ = 2(5&6( /& :&1∗ /∗Ε∗).&/&0 ∋ Θ } 1−( Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(1
∗ Ο| (1 1−( ∗))(1 /−( ∋())∗+&∋.(/&6(10 /()5&+5∗/2∗ 6.12).:7Φ6(1 ∋(5 5=6.& Α∗)( ∗ 4&).ς/∋.&
∋(/12&/2∗      +≅7/1 )∗17+2&6(1 6( &<712∗ 6∗11∗ 5(6∗+( Ε∗+( 5=2(6( 6∗ 5Φ/.5(1
;7&6)&6(1 1−( &Ε)∗1∗/2&6(1 & 1∗≅7.)Β

11./&+∗ & (Ε,−( ;7∗ 63 ( 4&+() 6& ∗12&2Φ12.∋& /∗∋∗113).& Ε&)& ( 2∗12∗ 6& 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗
&Η 0
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044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

 3
∗<&5Β
• ∀Β 1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 2(2&+Ξ
• ∀Β 1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 6( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−(
• ∀Β 1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 6(1 )∗1Φ67(1
• ∀Β ;7&6)&6( 5=6.( 2(2&+
• ∀Β ;7&6)&6( 5=6.( 6( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−(
• ∀Β ;7&6)&6( 5=6.( 6(1 )∗1Φ67(1

5 Γ
      
Τ 1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 6( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( &11(∋.&5(1 ΕΘ ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗0 ∗5 ;7∗
]Ε] = & ;7&/2.6&6∗ 6∗ Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 & 1∗)∗5 ∗12.5&6(1 ( Ε)∗1∗/2∗ ∋&1(0 1−( 2)Ο1

ΒΧ∆ 
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).5∗.)( ∋&+∋7+&5(1 & 1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 6(1 )∗1Φ67(1Β

∗11& 1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 &11(∋.&5(1 /ΘΕ ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗0 (/6∗ ]/] = ( 2&5&/8( 6&
&5(12)& ∗ ]Ε] = ( /Λ5∗)( 6∗ Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 ∗12.5&6(1

 €  &  %  +
∗11∗ ∋&1(Β

ΒΧ. +
./&+5∗/2∗0 2∗5(1Β

Χ∆.    
€ +

Η
 


12&2Φ12.∋& 2∗12∗ = 6&6& Ε∗+& )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ (1 6(.1 ;7&6)&6(1 5=6.(1Β

8  


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044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

5  %/ ?;4 00 9<:

2∗∆2( 1∗≅7./2∗ 6.Α )∗1Ε∗.2( Ν ;7∗12−(
(5 ( (:<∗2.4( 6∗ &4&+.&) (1 ∗9∗.2(1 6&1 4&).34∗.1 Ε)∗,( ∗ )∗/6& /( ∋(/175( Ε∗) ∋&Ε.2& 6(
1∗2() 2Ο∆2.+ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&6( Ε&Φ10 &<712(7Θ1∗0 72.+.Α&/6(Θ1∗ Ε&)& ∗11∗ 9.5 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 6∗ 

,−∀{| #  ∋ ( Θ ,−∀∼| # (  ,−∀.| # ( 7|

&/(10 ( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&)

   Ρ  
(/6∗ ,− )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& ( +(≅&).25( /∗Ε∗).&/( ∗0 ∋(5 :&1∗ ∗5  0 {| = 75 Φ/6.∋∗ 6∗
∋(/175( Ε∗) ∋&Ε.2&0 ∼| = ( ;7(∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 75 Φ/6.∋∗ 6∗ Ε)∗,( 6( 4∗1273).( Ε∗+( Φ/6.∋∗ 6∗
∋712( 6∗ 4.6&0 .| = & )∗/6& )∗&+ Ε∗) ∋&Ε.2&0 ∋ Θ 1 −( Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(1 ∗ (1 7| 1−(

6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6&    
)∗&+.Α&,Μ∗1 ./6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗1 6∗ 75& 4&).34∗+ &+∗&2Χ).& /()5&+ ∋(5 5=6.& Α∗)( ∗ 4&).ς/∋.&

6∗ ∼| ∗ .| ;7∗ 6∗12∗ 5(6( 1−( 2)&2&6&1 ∋(5( 9.∆&1 1 ∗12.5&2.4&1 6(1 Ε&)ς5∗2)(10 6∗ 1∗71
&<712∗ 6( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 9(. +∗4&6( & ∗9∗.2( ∋(/6.∋.(/&+5∗/2∗ Ν1 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1

6∗14.(1 Ε&6)−( :∗5 ∋(5( Ε&)2∗ 6& 2&:∗+& 6∗ &/3+.1∗ 6∗ 4&).ς/∋.& 1−( 6&6(1 & 1∗≅7.)Β

ŽΤ ρ Θ    
11./&+∗ & (Ε,−( ;7∗ 63 ( 4&+() 6& ∗12&2Φ12.∋& &11(∋.&6& &( 2∗12∗ 6∗

Ž ρ Θ   Νν   
∋(/2)& & &+2∗)/&2.4&

&Η⊥
:Η  
∋Η 
6Η 
∗Η ⊥

 3
;7&6)&6( 5=6.( 6( 5(6∗+( Γ∀Η = .≅7&+ Ν 6.4.1−( ∗/2)∗ & 1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 6(
5(6∗+( Γ∀Η ∗ ( )∗1Ε∗∋2.4( /Λ5∗)( 6∗ ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗



 
  /∃

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

/Λ5∗)( 6∗ ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗ 6∗ ∀ = .≅7&+ & ΕΘ0 (/6∗ ]Ε] = & ;7&/2.6&6∗ 6∗


Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 ( Ε)∗1∗/2∗ ∋&1(0 1−( 2)Ο1 Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 
(≅(0 ∀ 2∗5  ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗

Χ∆∆   

;7&6)&6( 5=6.( 6(1 )∗1Φ67(1 Γ∀Η = .≅7&+ Ν 6.4.1−( ∗/2)∗ & 1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 6(1
)∗1Φ67(1 Γ∀Η ∗ ( )∗1Ε∗∋2.4( /Λ5∗)( 6∗ ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗
/Λ5∗)( 6∗ ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗ 6∗ ∀ = .≅7&+ & /ΘΕ0 (/6∗ ]/] = ( 2&5&/8( 6& &5(12)& ∗
]Ε] = & ;7&/2.6&6∗ 6∗ Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 ( Ε)∗1∗/2∗ ∋&1(0 1−( 2)Ο1 Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 ∗ & &5(12)& 2∗5

&
2&5&/8( 
(≅(0 ∀ 2∗5 ΘΩ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗

Χ∆Γ   
&


∗12&2Φ12.∋& 2∗12∗ = & )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ (1 6(.1 ;7&6)&6(1 5=6.(1 ∋&+∋7+&6(1 &∋.5&Β

8  


3 7

5  ∋0 ?;4 00 9<:

2∗∆2( 1∗≅7./2∗ 6.Α )∗1Ε∗.2( Ν ;7∗12−(
(5 ( (:<∗2.4( 6∗ &4&+.&) (1 ∗9∗.2(1 6&1 4&).34∗.1 Ε)∗,( ∗ )∗/6& /( ∋(/175( Ε∗) ∋&Ε.2& 6(
1∗2() 2Ο∆2.+ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&6( Ε&Φ10 &<712(7Θ1∗0 72.+.Α&/6(Θ1∗ Ε&)& ∗11∗ 9.5 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 6∗ 

,−∀{| #  ∋ ( Θ ,−∀∼| # (  ,−∀.| # ( 7|

&/(10 ( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&)

   Ρ  
(/6∗ ,− )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& ( +(≅&).25( /∗Ε∗).&/( ∗0 ∋(5 :&1∗ ∗5  0 {| = 75 Φ/6.∋∗ 6∗
∋(/175( Ε∗) ∋&Ε.2&0 ∼| = ( ;7(∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 75 Φ/6.∋∗ 6∗ Ε)∗,( 6( 4∗1273).( Ε∗+( Φ/6.∋∗ 6∗
∋712( 6∗ 4.6&0 .| = & )∗/6& )∗&+ Ε∗) ∋&Ε.2&0 ∋ Θ 1 −( Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(1 ∗ (1 7| 1−(

6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6&    
)∗&+.Α&,Μ∗1 ./6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗1 6∗ 75& 4&).34∗+ &+∗&2Χ).& /()5&+ ∋(5 5=6.& Α∗)( ∗ 4&).ς/∋.&

6∗ ∼| ∗ .| ;7∗ 6∗12∗ 5(6( 1−( 2)&2&6&1 ∋(5( 9.∆&1 1 ∗12.5&2.4&1 6(1 Ε&)ς5∗2)(10 6∗ 1∗71
&<712∗ 6( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 9(. +∗4&6( & ∗9∗.2( ∋(/6.∋.(/&+5∗/2∗ Ν1 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1

6∗14.(1 Ε&6)−( :∗5 ∋(5( Ε&)2∗ 6& 2&:∗+& 6∗ &/3+.1∗ 6∗ 4&).ς/∋.& 1−( 6&6(1 & 1∗≅7.)Β



 
  /%

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

11./&+∗ & (Ε,−( ;7∗ 63 ( 4&+() 6( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−( 6( &<712∗ 6& )∗≅)∗11−(
+./∗&) 5Λ+2.Ε+&
&Η 0%!
:Η 0%
∋Η 0!
6Η 0%
∗Η 0!%

 3
Λ+2.5& 2&:∗+& 6( ∗/7/∋.&6( /(1 9()/∗∋∗7 &1 1∗≅7./2∗1 ./9()5&,Μ∗1Β
• (5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 6( 5(6∗+(Β ∀ Ω 0 
• (5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 6(1 6∗14.(1Β ∀ Ω 0

ΒΧ/  ΒΧ∆ ( ΒΧΓ

(5 .11( Ε(6∗5(1 ∋&+∋7+&) & 1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 2(2&+ Γ∀ΗΒ

ΒΧ/   ( &  &


∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−( = .≅7&+ Ν )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ ∀ ∗ ∀Β

.   )∗&
&

3 ;

5  ∋ 1 6 0 9<44:

#5 ;7&6)( 6∗ &/3+.1∗ 6∗ 4&).ς/∋.& )∗9∗)∗/2∗ & 75& )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 5Λ+2.Ε+& ∋(5 75&
4&).34∗+ 6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗0  4&).34∗.1 ∗∆Ε+.∋&2.4&1 ∗ ∋(5 :&1∗ ∗5  (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 9()/∗∋∗7 &
./9()5&,−( 6∗ ;7∗ ( 4&+() 6& ∗12&2Φ12.∋& 0 72.+.Α&6& Ε&)& 4∗).9.∋&) & ∗∆.12Ο/∋.& 6& )∗≅)∗11−( =
.≅7&+ &   Ε()∋∗/2&≅∗5 ;7∗ & 4&).&,−( ∗∆Ε+.∋&6&0 9(/2∗ 6∗ 4&).&,−( 6∗4.6& Ν )∗≅)∗11−(0
)∗Ε)∗1∗/2& 6& 4&).&,−( 2(2&+ =
&Η %α
:Η %α
∋Η %α
6Η !α
∗Η !α

 3
(5( 2∗5(1 2)Ο1 4&).34∗.1 ./6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗10 ∗/2−( & ;7&/2.6&6∗ 6∗ Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 ΓΕΗ 6(
5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( =  Γ75 Ε&)& ∋&6& 4&).34∗+0 5&.1 75 2∗)5( ./6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗Η



 
  /∋

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

€ + %
;7&6)&6( 5=6.( 6( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( Γ∀Η 2∗5 ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗ .≅7&+ &Β

;7&6)&6( 5=6.( 2(2&+ 2∗5   ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗0 (/6∗ ]/] = ( 2&5&/8( 6& &5(12)&
   +    %
6.9∗)∗/,& ∗/2)∗ &1 67&1 ;7&/2.&1 &∋.5& ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗ &( /Λ5∗)( 6∗ ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗

%  %  
&11(∋.&6( &( ;7&6)&6( 5=6.( 6(1 )∗1Φ67(1 Γ∀Η

∗12&2Φ12.∋&  = .≅7&+ Ν )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ ( ;7&6)&6( 5=6.( 6( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( ∗ (

Χ∆∆
;7&6)&6( 5=6.( 6(1 )∗1Φ67(1

8
Χ∆.

&6& ;7&6)&6( 5=6.( = .≅7&+ Ν ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗/2∗ 1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 6.4.6.6& Ε∗+( /Λ5∗)(

ΒΧ∆ ‚ %
6∗ ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗Β

8
ΒΧ. ‚ 
/6∗ ∀ ∗ ∀ )∗Ε)∗1∗/2&5 & 1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 6( 5(6∗+( ∗ & 1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 6(1
)∗1Φ67(1

ΒΧ∆ ‚ %
(/2./7&/6(Β

% 
ΒΧ. ‚ 
% ΒΧ∆
ΒΧ. ∃
 %

ΒΧ.  ΒΧ∆
% ∃ %
+
ΒΧ.  ΒΧ∆


ΒΧ. ( ΒΧ∆  ΒΧ/

(5&/6( ∀ ∋(5 ∀0 (:2∗5(1 & 1(5& 6∗ ;7&6)&6(1 2(2&+ Γ∀ΗΒ

+
7:12.27./6( ( 4&+() 6∗ ∀Β

ΒΧ∆ ( ΒΧ∆  ΒΧ/



ΒΧ∆  ΒΧ/

ΒΧ∆ 
  +
ΒΧ/ 



 
  /(

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 


3 

5  ∋ 7; 0 94:

&)& ∗1276&) ( ∋(/175( 6∗ )∗9).≅∗)&/2∗ ∗5 97/,−( 6( Ε)∗,(0 6& 2∗5Ε∗)&27)& ∗ 6& )∗/6&
9&5.+.&)0 &<712(7Θ1∗ ( 1∗≅7./2∗ 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 5Λ+2.Ε+&  Ω ε Ζ ε∆ Ζ ε∆ Ζ
ε∆ Ζ φ0 (/6∗  )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& ( ∋(/175( 6∗ )∗9).≅∗)&/2∗ ∗5 +.2)(10 Ε() 1∗5&/&0 ∆0 ( Ε)∗,(
6( )∗9).≅∗)&/2∗ ∗5 )∗&.10 ∆0 & 2∗5Ε∗)&27)& ∗5 ( ∗0 ∆0 & )∗/6& 9&5.+.&) ∗5 )∗&.10 Ε()
1∗5&/&

1 )∗17+2&6(1 (:2.6(1 ∋(/1.6∗)&/6( 2)Ο1 ∋&1&1 6∗∋.5&.1 9()&5Β

/&+.1&/6(Θ1∗ (1 )∗17+2&6(1 &∋.5&0 ∋(/∋+7.Θ1∗ ;7∗

&Η )∗<∗.2&5Θ1∗ &1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 η Β ε Ω  ∗ η Β ε Ω  &( /Φ4∗+ 6∗ α
:Η )∗<∗.2&5Θ1∗ &1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 η Β ε Ω  0 η Β ε Ω  ∗ η Β ε Ω  &( /Φ4∗+ 6∗ α
∋Η /−( 1∗ )∗<∗.2&5 &1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 η Β ε Ω  0 η Β ε Ω  ∗ η Β ε Ω  &( /Φ4∗+ 6∗ α
6Η /−( 1∗ )∗<∗.2&5 &1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 η Β ε Ω  0 η Β ε Ω  ∗ η Β ε Ω  &( /Φ4∗+ 6∗ α
∗Η (1 ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗1 ∗12.5&6(1 1−( 2(6(1 1.≅/.9.∋&2.4(1 &( /Φ4∗+ 6∗ α

 3
75 2∗12∗ 6∗ 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗10 2∗5(1Β
• 1∗ ( ΕΘ4&+() 9() 5&.() ;7∗ ( /Φ4∗+ 6∗ 1.≅/.9.∋ς/∋.&0 ∗/2−( /−( )∗<∗.2&5(1 & 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗
/7+&
• 1∗ ( ΕΘ4&+() 9() 5∗/() ;7∗ ( /Φ4∗+ 6∗ 1.≅/.9.∋ς/∋.&0 ∗/2−( )∗<∗.2&5(1 & 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ /7+&

∋(/12&/2∗ ΘΤ 2∗5 ΕΘ4&+() 57.2( ∗+∗4&6( Γ0%Η &+ 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ /−( 1∗)3 )∗<∗.2&6& Ε&)&
/∗/875 6(1 /Φ4∗.1 6∗ 1.≅/.9.∋ς/∋.& 5∗/∋.(/&6(1 /&1 &+2∗)/&2.4&1 Γα0 α ∗ αΗ (6∗5(1
6∗1∋&)2&) &1 &+2∗)/&2.4&1 ;7∗ 6.Α∗5 ( ∋(/2)3).( 6.11(Β

&Η )∗<∗.2&5Θ1∗ &1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 η Β ε Ω  ∗ η Β ε Ω  &( /Φ4∗+ 6∗ α

:Η )∗<∗.2&5Θ1∗ &1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 η Β ε Ω  0 η Β ε Ω  ∗ η Β ε Ω  &( /Φ4∗+ 6∗ α



 
  /)

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

∋Η /−( 1∗ )∗<∗.2&5 &1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 η Β ε Ω  0 η Β ε Ω  ∗ η Β ε Ω  &( /Φ4∗+ 6∗ α

6Η /−( 1∗ )∗<∗.2&5 &1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 η Β ε Ω  0 η Β ε Ω  ∗ η Β ε Ω  &( /Φ4∗+ 6∗ α
∗Η (1 ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗1 ∗12.5&6(1 1−( 2(6(1 1.≅/.9.∋&2.4(1 &( /Φ4∗+ 6∗ α

:1∗)4∗ ;7∗ &1 67&1 &+2∗)/&2.4&1 )∗12&/2∗1 2)&Α∗5 /Φ4∗+ 6∗ 1.≅/.9.∋ς/∋.& 6∗ α

( ∋&1( 6( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ Θ0 ( ΕΘ4&+() 9(. 6∗ 0 )&∋.(∋Φ/.( = ( 5∗15( &∋.5&Β /−(

)∗<∗.2&5(1 & 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ /7+& 6∗5 Ε&)& ΘΣ
∀7&/2( & Θ ( ΕΘ4&+() 9(. 6∗ 0α ∗ ( /Φ4∗+ 6∗ 1.≅/.9.∋ς/∋.& = 6∗ α0 ∗/2−( 2&+ /Φ4∗+ = 5&.()
;7∗ ( ΕΘ4&+()
(≅(0 )∗<∗.2&5(1 & 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ /7+& Ε&)& Θ

ς /−( 1∗ )∗<∗.2&5 &1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 η Β ε Ω  0 η Β ε Ω  ∗ η Β ε Ω  &( /Φ4∗+ 6∗ α

ς /−( 1∗ )∗<∗.2&5 &1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 η Β ε Ω  0 η Β ε Ω  ∗ η Β ε Ω  &( /Φ4∗+ 6∗ α


3 4

5  ∋∃ <<7 0 9<:

#5 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 5Λ+2.Ε+& 9(. ∗12.5&6( Ε∗+( 5=2(6( 6∗ Φ/.5(1 ∀7&6)&6(10
(:2∗/6(Θ1∗0 ∋(5 75 /Φ4∗+ 6∗ ∋(/9.&/,& 6∗ % α0 (1 1∗≅7./2∗1 )∗17+2&6(1Β
 µ Ω  Ζ 0 ∆ Ζ 0 ∆ Ζ  ∆
 ( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−(  = .≅7&+ & 0% 

 ( 4&+()ΘΕ Ω 0

∗11∗ 5(6(0 Ε(6∗Θ1∗ &9.)5&) ;7∗Β

&Η 1∗ & 4&).34∗+ ∆ 9() &∋)∗1∋.6& 6∗ 75& 7/.6&6∗0 ∗/2−( Ρ 2∗)3 75 &∋)=1∋.5( 6∗ 0 α
:Η 0 = ( 5&.1 :&.∆( /Φ4∗+ 6∗ 1.≅/.9.∋ς/∋.& &( ;7&+ & 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ /7+& Ε(6∗ 1∗) )∗<∗.2&6&
∋Η ∆ ∗∆Ε+.∋& % 0α 6&1 4&).&,Μ∗1 6∗ Ρ ∗5 2()/( 6∗ 17& 5=6.&
6Η &1 Ε)(:&:.+.6&6∗1 6∗ 1∗ ∋(5∗2∗) ( ))( .Ε(  ∗ ( ))( .Ε(  1−(0 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&5∗/2∗0 .≅7&.1
& α ∗ % α
∗Η 1∗ /( 2∗12∗ 6∗ 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 ./6.4.67&+ Ε&)& ε 1∗ )∗<∗.2&) & 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ /7+& ΓηΗ0 ∗/2−( 2∗5Θ1∗
9()2∗1 )&ΑΜ∗1 Ε&)& &∋)∗6.2&) ;7∗ ∆ /−( ∗∆Ε+.∋& Ρ

 
!  Υ 41 ∗<&5 ;7∗ ( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗
 = .≅7&+ & 0 
(≅(0
 3

1∗
 &75∗/2&) 75& 7/.6&6∗ Γ∗ &1 6∗5&.1 4&).34∗.1 ./6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗1 /−( 1∗ &+2∗)&)∗5Η0

∗/2−( 2∗)3 &∋)=1∋.5( 6∗ 0 Γ∗ /−( 6∗ 0 αΗ



 
  /,

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

 
! 7 Υ 41 ∀7&/6( ( /Φ4∗+ 6∗ 1.≅/.9.∋ς/∋.& = 5&.() ;7∗ ( ΕΘ4&+()0 )∗<∗.2&5(1
& 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ /7+&
(≅(0 1∗ ( /Φ4∗+ 6∗ 1.≅/.9.∋ς/∋.& 9() 5&.() ;7∗ 00 )∗<∗.2&5(1 & 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗
/7+& () (72)( +&6(0 ;7&/6( ( /Φ4∗+ 6∗ 1.≅/.9.∋ς/∋.& = 5∗/() ;7∗ ( ΕΘ4&+()0 &∋∗.2&5(1 &
8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ /7+&
& 1.27&,−( +.5.2∗0 ;7&/6( ( /Φ4∗+ 6∗ 1.≅/.9.∋ς/∋.& = .≅7&+ &( ΕΘ4&+()0 & ∗12&2Φ12.∋& 2∗12∗ ∋&.
6∗/2)( 6& )∗≅.−( ∋)Φ2.∋&0 ∗ )∗<∗.2&5(1 & 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ /7+& ∗12∗ 5(6(0 )∗&+5∗/2∗0 ( 5∗/()
/Φ4∗+ 6∗ 1.≅/.9.∋ς/∋.& ;7∗ )∗17+2& ∗5 )∗<∗.,−( 6& 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ /7+& = 0

)∗≅)∗11−( 5Λ+2.Ε+& Γ∗ /−( &Ε∗/&1
Σ Η ∗∆Ε+.∋& % 0α 6& 1(5& ∗ ;7&6)&6(1 2(2&+
 
! 4 Υ 41 ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−( ./6.∋& ;7∗ ( 5(6∗+( 6∗

 
! ; Υ 41 −( 9()&5 6&6&1 ;7&.1;7∗) ./9()5&,Μ∗1 ;7∗ /(1 Ε∗)5.2&5
∋&+∋7+&) &1 Ε)(:&:.+.6&6∗1 6(1 6(.1 2.Ε(1 6∗ ∗))(

 
!  Υ 41 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ /7+& Ε&)& Θ = & 6∗ ;7∗ ∗+∗ 4&+∗  ∗ )∗<∗.2&5(1 &
8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ /7+&0 ∗/2−( = Ε();7∗ (1 6&6(1 /(1 ./6.∋&5 ;7∗ Θ 6∗4∗ 1∗) 6.9∗)∗/2∗ 6∗  ∗ =
6.9∗)∗/2∗ 6∗ 0 /−( Ε(6∗5(1 6.Α∗) ;7∗
 /−( ∗∆Ε+.∋& Ρ

3 7

( 5≅1Ω 61; ? ≅

5   617 00,8 94:

& ∗12.5&2.4& 6∗ 75& )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&)0 ( Ε)(:+∗5& 6& 8∗2∗)(∋∗6&12.∋.6&6∗ (∋())∗ ;7&/6(
Γ Η (1 6&6(1 1−( 2)&/14∗)1&.1
ΓΗ 83 &72())∗+&,−( 6(1 )∗1Φ67(1
ΓΗ 83 ∋())∗+&,−( Ε(1.2.4& ∗/2)∗ &1 4&).34∗.1 ./6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗1
ΓΗ & 4&).ς/∋.& 6(1 ∗))(1 /−( = ∋(/12&/2∗
ΓΗ &1 4&).34∗.1 ./6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗1 1−( /∗≅&2.4&1

5   <=  00, 946:

#5& &76.2().& 9(. )∗&+.Α&6& /&1 9.+.&.1  ∗  6& ∗5Ε)∗1& Ψ0 ∋(5 ( Ε)(ΕΧ1.2( 6∗ ∗∆&5./&) &
+.17)& 6(1 Ε)(∋∗11(1 6∗ ∋(5Ε)&1 ∗9∗27&6&1 ∗5 6∗2∗)5./&6( 2).5∗12)∗ &)& & )∗&+.Α&,−( 6∗
75 ∗1276(ΘΕ.+(2( ∗ ∋(/1.6∗)&/6( ;7∗ & Ε(Ε7+&,−( 6∗ /(2&1 9.1∋&.1 ∗∆.12∗/2∗1 /∗11&1 9.+.&.1
∗)& 57.2( ≅)&/6∗0 ∗5 ∋&6& 9.+.&+ 9(. 2(5&6& 75& &5(12)& &+∗&2Χ).& 1.5Ε+∗1 6∗ % /(2&1
9.1∋&.1 &)& ∋&6& /(2& 9.1∋&+ ∗∆&5./&6&0 )∗≅.12)(7Θ1∗0 ∗/2)∗ (72)&1 ∋(.1&10 ( +(≅&).25(
/&27)&+ 6( 4&+() 6& ∋(5Ε)& ∋(/12&/2∗ /& /(2& 9.1∋&+Β > #5& &4&+.&,−( ∗12&2Φ12.∋& 5(12)(7



 
  //

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

;7∗ &1 6.12).:7.,Μ∗1 6∗ > Ε&)& &1 9.+.&.1  ∗  1−( &Ε)(∆.5&6&5∗/2∗ /()5&.10 ∋(5 5=6.&1  ∗
 ∗ 6∗14.(1 Ε&6)−(  ∗  0 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&5∗/2∗0 ∗5 ;7∗   

1 )∗17+2&6(1 Ε() 9.+.&+ 1−( 5(12)&6(1 /& 2&:∗+& &:&.∆(

(5 :&1∗ /&1 ./9()5&,Μ∗1 &∋.5& ∗ ∋(/1.6∗)&/6(Θ1∗ ;7∗ ΓΗ Ω 0% ∗ Γ0 Η Ω 0 0
∗5 ;7∗ ΓΑΗ )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& & 97/,−( 6∗ 6.12).:7.,−( &∋757+&6& 6& 6.12).:7.,−( /()5&+ Ε&6)−(0
<7+≅7∗ (1 .2∗51

    
Η () )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 (:2=5Θ1∗ 75 5(6∗+( /& 9()5&

∗5 ;7∗  )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& ( 4&+() 5=6.( 6& 6.12).:7.,−( 6∗  ∗5 97/,−( 6∗    ΓΕ&)& & 9.+.&+ Η
(7    ΓΕ&)& & 9.+.&+ Η0 ( ;7∗ Ε∗)5.2∗ ∋(/∋+7.) ;7∗ & ∋())∗+&,−( +./∗&) ∗/2)∗ ∗ Α = .≅7&+ &
Θ0

5  ∃ <=  0∃ 946:

#5 ).:7/&+ 6∗ (/2&1 )∗&+.Α(70 ∗5 6∗2∗)5./&6( &/(0 75 +∗4&/2&5∗/2( ∗12&2Φ12.∋( Ε&)&
∗12.5&) & Ε)(Ε(),−( 6∗ Ε)(∋∗11(1 .))∗≅7+&)∗1 (5( & Ε(Ε7+&,−( 6∗ Ε)(∋∗11(1 .))∗≅7+&)∗1
∗∆.12∗/2∗1 = 57.2( ≅)&/6∗0 9(. 2(5&6& 75& &5(12)& &+∗&2Χ).& 1.5Ε+∗1 6∗  Ε)(∋∗11(1
.))∗≅7+&)∗1 1 Ε)(∋∗11(1 &5(12)&6(1 9()&5 ∋+&11.9.∋&6(1 ∗5 6(.1 2.Ε(1Β ∗  &:∗Θ1∗ ;7∗ &
;7&/2.6&6∗ 6∗ .))∗≅7+&).6&6∗1 Ε() Ε)(∋∗11( 6( 2.Ε(  1∗≅7∗0 &Ε)(∆.5&6&5∗/2∗0 75&
6.12).:7.,−( /()5&+0 ∗ (1 )∗17+2&6(1 Ε() 2.Ε( 6∗ Ε)(∋∗11( ∗12−( /& 2&:∗+& &:&.∆(

(5 :&1∗ /&1 ./9()5&,Μ∗1 &∋.5&0 ∗ ∋(/1.6∗)&/6(Θ1∗ ;7∗ Γ0 Η Ω 0%%!0 ∗5 ;7∗ ΓΑΗ
)∗Ε)∗1∗/2& & 97/,−( 6∗ 6.12).:7.,−( &∋757+&6& 6& 6.12).:7.,−( /()5&+ Ε&6)−(0 <7+≅7∗ ( .2∗5
17:1∗;7∗/2∗

∗+( 5=2(6( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗10 (:2=5Θ1∗ 75 5(6∗+( +./∗&) /& 9()5& Ρ Ω  Ζ !∆0
∗5 ;7∗ Ρ )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& & ;7&/2.6&6∗ 5=6.& 6∗ .))∗≅7+&).6&6∗1 ∗/∋(/2)&6&1 Ε() Ε)(∋∗11( ∗5
97/,−( 6∗ ∆ Ω  Γ1∗ ( Ε)(∋∗11( 9() 6( 2.Ε( Η (7 ∆ Ω  Γ1∗ ( Ε)(∋∗11( 9() 6( 2.Ε( Η



 
  00

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

5  % ?;4 00, 946:

1 ∗12.5&2.4&1 Ε&)& (1 4&+()∗1 2(2&.1 6&1 ∗∆Ε()2&,Μ∗1 ΓΗ ∗ 6&1 .5Ε()2&,Μ∗1 ΓΗ :)&1.+∗.)&1
∗5 ! 1−(0 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&5∗/2∗0 .≅7&.1 & #[ % :.+8Μ∗1 ∗ #[  :.+8Μ∗1 ;7&6)( &:&.∆(
&Ε)∗1∗/2& &1 1=).∗1 2∗5Ε()&.1 6(1 4&+()∗1 2(2&.1 &/7&.1 6&1 ∗∆Ε()2&,Μ∗1 ∗ .5Ε()2&,Μ∗1
:)&1.+∗.)&10 6∗  & 



 
   !∀#

(5 :&1∗ /∗11&1 ./9()5&,Μ∗10 <7+≅7∗ ( .2∗5 17:1∗;∴∗/2∗

<712&/6(Θ1∗ 75& 2∗/6Ο/∋.& +./∗&) 6( 2(2&+ .5Ε()2&6( Γ∋(5 ./2∗)∋∗Ε2( /−(Θ/7+(Η0 ∗5
97/,−( 6( 2∗5Ε(0 Ε() )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗10 & ∗12.5&2.4& 6∗ 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6(  ∗5
! 1∗)3 ./9∗).() & #[  :.+8Μ∗1
5  ∋ ?6≅ 00 946:

9.≅7)& &∋.5& ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗ & 75 6.&≅)&5& 6∗ 6.1Ε∗)1−( ∗/2)∗ & 4&).34∗+ Γ≅&12( Ε∗)∋∗/27&+
∋(5 1&Λ6∗Η ∗ Γ)∗/6& :)72& 9&5.+.&)0 ∗5 [ 5.+Η0 (:2.6& ∋(5 :&1∗ ∗5 75& &5(12)& 6∗ 
9&5Φ+.&1 (5 )∗1Ε∗.2( &( &<712∗ 6∗ 75 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 /& 9()5&
0 ∗5 ;7∗ = ( ∗))( &+∗&2Χ).( ∗ ∗ 1−( (1 ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗1 6( 5(6∗+(0 9()&5
(:2.6(1 (1 1∗≅7./2∗1 )∗17+2&6(1

∗))( Ε&6)−( 6(1 )∗1Φ67(1 Ω 0 Γ∋(5 ! ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗Η

 Ω 0!!



 
  0

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

 &<712&6( Ω 0!

(5 :&1∗ /∗11&1 ./9()5&,Μ∗10 <7+≅7∗ ( .2∗5 1∗≅7./2∗

(/1.6∗)&/6( ;7∗  _ _ 0 = ∋())∗2( ./9∗).) ;7∗0 & ∋&6& 5.+ )∗&.1 &6.∋.(/&.1 /& )∗/6& :)72&
9&5.+.&)0 ( ≅&12( ∋(5 1&Λ6∗ = )∗67Α.6( ∗5 [ 0

5  ( 74 Α 00( 9<44:

#5& ∗5Ε)∗1&0 ∋(5 9./&+.6&6∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&) & )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ ≅&12(1 &/7&.1 ∋(5 Ε)(Ε&≅&/6&
Γ
Η0 ∗5 [ 0 ∗ ( +7∋)( :)72( &/7&+ ΓΗ0 ∗5 [ 00 (Ε2(7 Ε() 72.+.Α&) ( 5(6∗+(
+./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 Yi = α + βX i + ε i 0 ∗5 ;7∗ Yi = ( 4&+() 6( +7∋)( :)72( &79∗).6( /( &/( . ∗ ε i (
∗))( &+∗&2Χ).( ∋(5 &1 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 ∋(/1.6∗)&6&1 Ε&)& & )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 Γ α
∗ β 1−( Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(1Η (/1.6∗)(70 Ε&)& ( ∗1276(0 &1 1∗≅7./2∗1 ./9()5&,Μ∗1
)∗9∗)∗/2∗1 Ν1 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 /(1 Λ+2.5(1  &/(1 6& ∗5Ε)∗1&Β
10 10 10 10

 Yi = 100 Ξ
i =1
 X i = 60 Ξ
i =1
 X i × Yi = 650 Ξ  ( X i )2 = 400 Ξ  (Yi )2
i =1 i =1
= 1080

#2.+.Α&/6( & ∗;7&,−( 6& )∗2& (:2.6& Ε∗+( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(10 2∗5Θ1∗ ;7∗0 ∋&1(
8&<& 75 ≅&12( &/7&+ ∋(5 Ε)(Ε&≅&/6& 6∗ ! 5.+ )∗&.10 & Ε)∗4.1−( 6( +7∋)( :)72( &/7&+0 ∗5
5.+ )∗&.10 1∗)3 6∗Β
&Η !
:Η 0
∋Η 
6Η !0
∗Η  !
5  ) 74 00( 9<44:
#5& ∗5Ε)∗1&0 ∋(5 9./&+.6&6∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&) & )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ ≅&12(1 &/7&.1 ∗5 Ε∗1;7.1& ∗
6∗1∗/4(+4.5∗/2( Γ
Η0 ∗5 5.+8&)∗1 6∗ )∗&.10 ∗ ( &∋)=1∋.5( &/7&+ /&1 4∗/6&1 ΓΗ0 2&5:=5 ∗5
5.+8&)∗1 6∗ )∗&.10 (Ε2(7 Ε() 72.+.Α&) ( 5(6∗+( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 Yi = α + βX i + ε i 0 ∗5 ;7∗ Yi =
( &∋)=1∋.5( /&1 4∗/6&1 /( &/( . ∗ ε i ( ∗))( &+∗&2Χ).( ∋(5 &1 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1
∋(/1.6∗)&6&1 Ε&)& & )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 Γ α ∗ β 1−( Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(1Η
(/1.6∗)(70 Ε&)& ( ∗1276(0 &1 1∗≅7./2∗1 ./9()5&,Μ∗1 )∗9∗)∗/2∗1 Ν1 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 /(1 Λ+2.5(1
 &/(1 6& ∗5Ε)∗1&Β
10 10 10 10

Y
i =1
i = 160 Ξ X
i =1
i = 100 Ξ X i × Yi = 1900 Ξ  (X )
i =1
i
2
= 1200 Ξ  (Y )
i =1
i
2
= 3060

#2.+.Α&/6( & ∗;7&,−( 6& )∗2& (:2.6& Ε∗+( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(10 (:2∗4∗Θ1∗0 Ε&)&
75 6∗2∗)5./&6( ≅&12( ∗5 Ε∗1;7.1& ∗ 6∗1∗/4(+4.5∗/2(0 75& Ε)∗4.1−( 6∗ &∋)=1∋.5( /&1



 
  0

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

4∗/6&1 /( 4&+() 6∗ % 5.+ )∗&.1 4&+() ;7∗ 1∗ ∋(/1.6∗)(7 Ε&)& ( ≅&12( ∋(5 Ε∗1;7.1& ∗
6∗1∗/4(+4.5∗/2(0 ∗5 5.+ )∗&.10 9(.Β
&Η 
:Η 0
∋Η 0
6Η 0
∗Η 0
5  , <= 6 00( 9<44:
5 75 6∗2∗)5./&6( Ε&Φ10 6∗1∗<&Θ1∗ 6∗2∗)5./&) & )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ & )∗/6& 6.1Ε(/Φ4∗+ ΓΗ0 ∗5
:.+8Μ∗1 6∗ 6Χ+&)∗10 ∗ ( ∋(/175( ΓΗ0 2&5:=5 ∗5 :.+8Μ∗1 6∗ 6Χ+&)∗1 (. 72.+.Α&6( ( 5(6∗+(
+./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 Ci = α + βYi + ε i 0 ∗5 ;7∗ . = ( ∋(/175( /( &/( .0 Ρ. = ( 4&+() 6& )∗/6&
6.1Ε(/Φ4∗+ /( &/( . ∗ ε i ( ∗))( &+∗&2Χ).( ∋(5 &1 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 Ε&)& & )∗≅)∗11−(
+./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗10 α ∗ β 1−( Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(10 ∋7<&1 ∗12.5&2.4&1 9()&5 (:2.6&1
&2)&4=1 6( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 &)& (:2∗/,−( 6∗12& )∗+&,−( ∋(/1.6∗)(7Θ1∗
&./6& &1 1∗≅7./2∗1 ./9()5&,Μ∗1 ∋(+8.6&1 &2)&4=1 6& (:1∗)4&,−( /(1 Λ+2.5(1  &/(1Β
10 10 10 10 10

 C i = 90 0
i =1
 Yi = 100 0
i =1
 Yi Ci = 1.100 0
i =1
 Yi = 1.250 0
i =1
2
C
i =1
i
2
= 1.010

&)& ( ∋3+∋7+( 6( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ ∋())∗+&,−( 6∗ ∗&)1(/ Γ)Η0 71(7Θ1∗ & 9Χ)57+&Β

cov(Y , C )
r= ∗5 ;7∗ cov(Y , C ) = & ∋(4&).ς/∋.& ∗/2)∗  ∗ 0 DP(Y ) = ( 6∗14.(
DP ( y ) × DP (C )
Ε&6)−( 6∗  ∗ DP(C ) = ( 6∗14.( Ε&6)−( 6∗ 
/2−(Β
&Η (:2∗/6( Ε&)& 75 6∗2∗)5./&6( &/( 75& Ε)∗4.1−( Ε&)& ( ∋(/175( 6∗  :.+8Μ∗1 6∗
6Χ+&)∗10 1.≅/.9.∋& ;7∗ & )∗/6& 6.1Ε(/Φ4∗+ ∋(/1.6∗)&6& 9(. 6∗ 0 :.+8Μ∗1 6∗ 6Χ+&)∗1
:Η ( 4&+() 6& ∗12.5&2.4& ∗/∋(/2)&6( Ε&)& ( Ε&)ς5∗2)( β = .≅7&+ & 0
∋Η ( 4&+() 6& ∗12.5&2.4& ∗/∋(/2)&6( Ε&)& ( Ε&)ς5∗2)( α = .≅7&+ & 
6Η ( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ ∗∆Ε+.∋&,−( ) ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗/2∗ = α
∗Η 72.+.Α&/6( & ∗;7&,−( 6& )∗2& (:2.6& Ε∗+( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(10 2∗5Θ1∗ ;7∗0
∗5 75 &/(0 ∋&1( & )∗/6& 6.1Ε(/Φ4∗+ 1∗<& .≅7&+ &  :.+8Μ∗1 6∗ 6Χ+&)∗10 ( ∋(/175( 1∗)3 .≅7&+
&  :.+8Μ∗1 6∗ 6Χ+&)∗1

5  / 148? Α 00) 9<44:

#5 ∗1276( )∗&+.Α&6( ∗5 75& ∗5Ε)∗1& 1(:)∗ & )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ ( +7∋)( :)72( &/7&+ ΓΗ0 ∗5
5.+8&)∗1 6∗ )∗&.10 ∗ (1 ≅&12(1 &/7&.1 ∋(5 Ε)(Ε&≅&/6& Γ
Η0 2&5:=5 ∗5 5.+8&)∗1 6∗ )∗&.10
./6.∋& ;7∗ 75& :(& (Ε,−( = & 72.+.Α&,−( 6( 5(6∗+( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 Yi = α + βX i + ε i 0 ∗5 ;7∗
Yi = ( +7∋)( :)72( /( &/( β.χ0 X i )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& (1 ≅&12(1 ∋(5 Ε)(Ε&≅&/6& /( &/( β.χ0 ε i = (
∗))( &+∗&2Χ).( ∋(5 &1 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 ∋(/1.6∗)&6&1 Ε&)& & )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) ∗ α ∗ β
1−( Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(1 Ε() 5∗.( 6( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 (:2∗4∗Θ1∗ (



 
  0∃

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

4&+() 6∗   Ε&)& & ∗12.5&2.4& 6( Ε&)ς5∗2)( α 0 ∋(/1.6∗)&/6( &1 1∗≅7./2∗1 ./9()5&,Μ∗1

(:2.6&1 Ε∗+&1 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 /(1 Λ+2.5(1  &/(1Β
10 10

 Yi = 2.500
i =1
X
i =1
i = 400

#2.+.Α&/6( & ∗;7&,−( 6& )∗2& (:2.6& Ε∗+( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(10 ∋&1( & ∗5Ε)∗1&
&+5∗<∗ (:2∗) ∗5 75 6∗2∗)5./&6( &/( 75 +7∋)( :)72( 6∗   5.+ )∗&.10 6∗4∗ &Ε)∗1∗/2&) 75
2(2&+ 6∗ ≅&12(1 ∋(5 Ε)(Ε&≅&/6&0 ∗5 5.+ )∗&.10 6∗Β
&Η 
:Η !
∋Η 
6Η 
∗Η 
5  0 ;86?  800∋ 9<44:
&)& )∗1(+4∗) Ν ;7∗12−( 1∗≅7./2∗0 ∋(/1.6∗)∗ ;7∗ 9(. )∗&+.Α&6( 75 ∗1276( ∗5 75 Ε&Φ1 ∋(5 &
9./&+.6&6∗ 6∗ 1∗ 6∗2∗)5./&) & )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ & ∗/6& .1Ε(/Φ4∗+ ΓΗ0 ∗5 5.+8Μ∗1 6∗ 6Χ+&)∗10 ∗
( ∋(/175( ΓΗ0 2&5:=5 ∗5 5.+8Μ∗1 6∗ 6Χ+&)∗1
&:∗Θ1∗ ;7∗ 9(. 72.+.Α&6( ( 5(6∗+( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 Ci = a + bYi + ei 0 ∗5 ;7∗ . = ( ∋(/175(
/( &/( .0 Ρ. = & )∗/6& 6.1Ε(/Φ4∗+ /( &/( β.χ ∗ ei ( ∗))( &+∗&2Χ).( ∋(5 &1 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1
∋(/1.6∗)&6&1 Ε&)& & )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1
12∗ ∗1276( &Ε)∗1∗/2(7 &1 1∗≅7./2∗1 ./9()5&,Μ∗1 ∋(+8.6&1 &2)&4=1 6& (:1∗)4&,−( /(1
Λ+2.5(1  &/(1Β
10 10 10 10 10
= 800 = 1.000 = 83.600 = 105.000 = 67.240
2 2
C
i =1
i Y
i =1
i Y C
i =1
i i Y
i =1
i C
i =1
i

∗;7&,−( 6& )∗2& &<712&6& Ε∗+( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 ∗/∋(/2)&6& 9(.Β
&Η Cˆ i = 20 + 0,60 × Yi

:Η Cˆ i = 10 + 0,70 × Yi

∋Η Cˆ i = 8 + 0,72 × Yi

6Η Cˆ i = 6 + 0,74 × Yi

∗Η Cˆ i = 4 + 0,76 × Yi
5   1Β 6Χ 00/ 9<44:
5 75& 6∗2∗)5./&6& ∗5Ε)∗1& = )∗&+.Α&6( 75 ∗1276( 1(:)∗ & )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ (1 ≅&12(1 ∋(5
Ε7:+.∋.6&6∗0 ∗5 [ 00 ∗ ( &∋)=1∋.5( /( 9&27)&5∗/2( &/7&+0 ∗5 [ 0 (.
∗1∋(+8.6( Ε&)& &/3+.1∗ ( 5(6∗+( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 Ρ. Ω δ Ζ εΣ. Ζ φ.0 1∗/6( ;7∗ Ρ. = ( &∋)=1∋.5(
/( 9&27)&5∗/2( 6( &/( .0 Σ. )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& (1 ≅&12(1 ∋(5 Ε7:+.∋.6&6∗ /( &/( . ∗ φ. = ( ∗))(
&+∗&2Χ).( ∋(5 &1 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 ∋(/1.6∗)&6&1 Ε&)& & )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 Γδ ∗ ε
1−( Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(1 Η &)& (:2∗/,−( 6&1 ∗12.5&2.4&1 6∗ δ ∗ ε 72.+.Α(7Θ1∗ (



 
  0%

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 ∋(5 :&1∗ /&1 ./9()5&,Μ∗1 6(1 Λ+2.5(1  &/(1 6&
∗5Ε)∗1&0 (7 1∗<&Β

10 10 10 10 10

 Yi = 180 Ξ
i =1
 X i = 100 Ξ
i =1
 X iYi = 1.912 Ξ
i =1
 X i = 1.080 Ξ
i =1
2
Y
i =1
i
2
= 3.440

#2.+.Α&/6( & ∗;7&,−( 6& )∗2& (:2.6& Ε∗+( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(10 2∗5Θ1∗ ;7∗ 1∗ &
∗5Ε)∗1& &+5∗<&) 75 &∋)=1∋.5( /( 9&27)&5∗/2(0 ∗5 75 6∗2∗)5./&6( &/(0 6∗ [  0
6∗4∗)3 &Ε)∗1∗/2&)0 /∗12∗ Ε∗)Φ(6(0 75 2(2&+ ∗5 ≅&12(1 ∋(5 Ε7:+.∋.6&6∗ 6∗
Γ Η [ 0
ΓΗ [ !0
ΓΗ [ 0
ΓΗ [ 0
ΓΗ [  0
5   1Β 6 00/ 9<44:
(/1.6∗)∗ ;7∗ 9(. (:2.6( &2)&4=1 6( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 ( &<712&5∗/2( 6(
5(6∗+( Yi = α + βX i + ε i 0 ∗5 ;7∗ . ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗ & .Θ=1.5& (:1∗)4&,−(0 α ∗ ε 1−(
Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(1 ∗ ε i ( ∗))( &+∗&2Χ).(0 ∋(5 &1 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 ∋(/1.6∗)&6&1
Ε&)& & )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 (. 72.+.Α&6& 75& &5(12)& &+∗&2Χ).& ∋(5  Ε&)∗1 6∗
(:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 ΓΣ.0 Ρ.Η0 . = 0 0 0    0 Ξ (:2∗/6(Θ1∗ Ε&)& & ∗12.5&2.4& 6∗ β ( 4&+() 6∗ 0 
4&+() 6& 5=6.& 6&1 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 Σ. 9(. .≅7&+ &  ∗ 6∗ Ρ. .≅7&+ & 
4&+() ∗/∋(/2)&6( 6& ∗12.5&2.4& 6∗ α 9(. .≅7&+ &
Γ Η 
ΓΗ 
ΓΗ 
ΓΗ  
ΓΗ 
5  ∃ 1Β 6 00/ 9<44:
(/1.6∗)∗ ;7∗ 9(. (:2.6( &2)&4=1 6( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 ( &<712&5∗/2( 6(
5(6∗+( Yi = α + βX i + ε i 0 ∗5 ;7∗ . ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗ & .Θ=1.5& (:1∗)4&,−(0 α ∗ ε 1−(
Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(1 ∗ ε i ( ∗))( &+∗&2Χ).(0 ∋(5 &1 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 ∋(/1.6∗)&6&1
Ε&)& & )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 (. 72.+.Α&6& 75& &5(12)& &+∗&2Χ).& ∋(5  Ε&)∗1 6∗
(:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 ΓΣ.0 Ρ.Η0 . = 0 0 0    0 Ξ (:2∗/6(Θ1∗ Ε&)& & ∗12.5&2.4& 6∗ β ( 4&+() 6∗ 0 
4&+() 6& 5=6.& 6&1 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 Σ. 9(. .≅7&+ &  ∗ 6∗ Ρ. .≅7&+ & 
#2.+.Α&/6( & ∗;7&,−( 6& )∗2& (:2.6& Ε∗+( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(10 2∗5Θ1∗ ;7∗ Ε&)&
75 4&+() ∗12.5&6( 6∗  Ε&)& Ρ0 ( 4&+() ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗/2∗ 6∗ Σ =
Γ Η 



 
  0∋

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

ΓΗ 
ΓΗ 
ΓΗ !
ΓΗ 
5  % <= 6 00/ 9<44:
≅)39.∋( &:&.∆( 6∗5(/12)& & ∗4(+7,−( 6& )∗∋∗.2& 2).:723).& &/7&+ /( ∗12&6( 6∗ −( &7+(
6∗16∗ %%%0 ∋(5 (1 4&+()∗1 &))∗∋&6&6(1 ∗5 :.+8Μ∗1 6∗ )∗&.1

&)& ∗12.5&) & )∗∋∗.2& 2).:723).& ∗5 75 6∗2∗)5./&6( &/( ∋(5 :&1∗ /( ∋(5Ε()2&5∗/2(
17≅∗).6( Ε∗+( ≅)39.∋(0 &6(2(7Θ1∗ ( 5(6∗+( Yt = α + βt + ε t Ξ  = 0 0  0 1∗/6( Yt = ln(RTt )
Ρ2 = +/ Γ2Η0 ∗5 ;7∗ 2 = & )∗∋∗.2& 2).:723).& /( &/( Γ%%!+2Η ∗5 :.+8Μ∗1 6∗ )∗&.1 ∗ +/ (
+(≅&).25( /∗Ε∗).&/( Γ ln e = Η α ∗ β 1−( Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(1 ∗ ε t ( ∗))( &+∗&2Χ).(
∋(5 &1 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 ∋(/1.6∗)&6&1 Ε&)& ( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1
#2.+.Α&/6( ( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(10 ∋(5 :&1∗ /&1 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 6∗ %%% & !0
(:2∗4∗Θ1∗ Ε&)& & ∗12.5&2.4& 6∗ β ( 4&+() 6∗ 00 1&:∗/6(Θ1∗ ;7∗Β
10

Y t = 39,0
t =1

Ε)∗4.1−( 6& )∗∋∗.2& 2).:723).& Ε&)& %0 ∗5 :.+8Μ∗1 6∗ )∗&.10 ∗5 97/,−( 6& ∗;7&,−(
(:2.6& Ε∗+( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 = .≅7&+ &
Γ Η ∗0 !

ΓΗ ∗0 

ΓΗ ∗0
ΓΗ ∗0



 
  0(

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

ΓΗ ∗0
5  ∋ ?6  00∋ 94:
(/1.6∗)∗ (1 6&6(1 &5(12)&.1 6∗ 75 ∗1276( 6& )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ ( /Λ5∗)( 6∗ &/(1 ;7∗ (1
∋&/6.6&2(1 & ∗5Ε)∗≅(1 ∗5 75 6∗2∗)5./&6( :&/∋( ∋(5∗)∋.&+ ∗1276&)&5 ./≅+Ο1 /& 9&∋7+6&6∗
∗ &1 /(2&1 (:2.6&1 ∗5 75 2∗12∗ 6∗ Ε)(9.∋.Ο/∋.& /∗11& +Φ/≅7&

(5 :&1∗ /∗11&1 ./9()5&,Μ∗10 & )∗2& 6∗ 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 ;7∗ 5∗+8() ∗∆Ε+.∋& & )∗+&,−(
∗/2)∗ ( /Λ5∗)( 6∗ &/(1 6∗ ∗1276( ∗ & /(2& 6( 2∗12∗ 6∗ ./≅+Ο1 = .≅7&+ &Β
Γ Η  Ω 0 Ζ 0 ∆
ΓΗ  Ω 0 Ζ 0∆
ΓΗ  Ω 0% Ζ 0 ∆
ΓΗ  Ω  0 Ζ 0%∆
ΓΗ  Ω  0  Ζ 0∆
5  ( 617 00, 94:
2&:∗+& &:&.∆( 5(12)& &1 6∗5&/6&1 ;7∗ (∋())∗)&5 /75& 6∗2∗)5./&6& Ε)(67,−(

(5 :&1∗ /(1 ∋(/∋∗.2(1 6∗ ∗≅)∗11−(

./∗&) .5Ε+∗10 ;7&/2&1 7/.6&6∗1 ∋(5ΕΜ∗5 &
6∗5&/6& Ε&)& <7+8(>
Γ Η 



 
  0)

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

ΓΗ 
ΓΗ 
ΓΗ 
ΓΗ !
5  ) <= ? 00∋ 9<:
(/1.6∗)∗ ( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&)
Yi = α + β X i + ε 0  Ω 0 0 0 

/6∗ (1 Yi )∗Ε)∗1∗/2&5 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 6& 4&).34∗+ )∗1Ε(12& 0 (1 X i )∗Ε)∗1∗/2&5

(:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 6& 4&).34∗+ ∗∆Χ≅∗/&
 ∗ (1 ε i 1−( ∗))(1 /−( ∋())∗+&∋.(/&6(1 ∋(5 6.12).:7.,−(
∋(575 /()5&+ ∋(5 5=6.& Α∗)( ∗ 4&).ς/∋.& % 5 )∗Ε∗2.6&1 &5(12)&1 6( 5(6∗+(0 6&6( X i 0
&11./&+∗ & (Ε,−( ;7∗ 63 & Ε)(Ε(),−( ∗1Ε∗)&6& 6∗ (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 6∗ Y ;7∗ 6.9∗)∗5 ∗5 4&+()
&:1(+72( 6∗ 17& 5=6.& Ε() /( 53∆.5( 0  5 17& )∗1Ε(12& 9&,& 71( 6& 2&:∗+& 6& 97/,−( 6∗
6.12).:7.,−( φ ( X ) 6& /()5&+ Ε&6)−( 6&6& &:&.∆(

X φ(X )
0 0
0  0%
0 0!
0  0%
&Η 0 
:Η 0% 
∋Η 0%
6Η 0!
∗Η 0%
5  , ?6 00( 9<:
(5 ( (:<∗2.4( 6∗ ∗12.5&)Θ1∗ ( 5(6∗+( Ρ Ω δ Ζ β Σ0 9(. )∗2.)&6& 75& &5(12)& ∋(5 ∋./∋(
Ε&)∗1 6∗ (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 ΓΣ0ΡΗ0 (:2∗/6(Θ1∗ (1 1∗≅7./2∗1 )∗17+2&6(1Β

∗11∗ 5(6(0
&Η Ρ Ω Ι  Ι Σ
:Η Ρ Ω  Ι Σ
∋Η Ρ Ω Σ
6Η Ρ Ω  Ζ Σ



 
  0,

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

∗Η Ρ Ω Ι  Ζ Σ
5  / 14≅800, 946:
#5& &≅Ο/∋.& 6∗ 6∗1∗/4(+4.5∗/2( 7):&/( 6.47+≅(7 (1 6&6(1 &Ε)∗1∗/2&6(1 /& 2&:∗+&
& 1∗≅7.)0 &∋∗)∋& 6(1 /Λ5∗)(1 6∗ .5Χ4∗.1 (9∗)2&6(1 Γ
Η ∗ 4∗/6.6(1 ΓΗ ∗5 6∗2∗)5./&6(
57/.∋ΦΕ.(0 /(1 &/(1 6∗  & 

/( Λ5∗)( 6∗ .5Χ4∗.1
9∗)2&6(1 Γ
Η ∗/6.6(1 ΓΗ
   
   
  
(/1.6∗)&/6( &1 ./9()5&,Μ∗1 6( 2∗∆2(0 <7+≅7∗ ( .2∗5 17:1∗;∴∗/2∗
∗12.5&2.4& 6( 4&+() 6( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ α 6& )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( Y = αX 0 ∗5 ;7∗  )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& (
/Λ5∗)( ∗1Ε∗)&6( 6∗ .5Χ4∗.1 4∗/6.6(1 Ε&)& 75& ;7&/2.6&6∗
6∗ .5Χ4∗.1 (9∗)2&6(10 =
17Ε∗).() & 0 ∗ ./9∗).() & 0
5  0 ?6 ;∆ 00∋ 94:
( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( Y = βX + ε 0 ( ∗12.5&6() 6∗ 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6∗ β =Β

5   74 00( 9<44:

#5& ∗5Ε)∗1&0 ∋(5 9./&+.6&6∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&) & )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ ≅&12(1 &/7&.1 ∋(5 Ε)(Ε&≅&/6&
Γ
Η0 ∗5 [ 0 ∗ ( +7∋)( :)72( &/7&+ ΓΗ0 ∗5 [ 00 (Ε2(7 Ε() 72.+.Α&) ( 5(6∗+(
+./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 Yi = α + β X i + ε i 0 ∗5 ;7∗ Yi = ( 4&+() 6( +7∋)( :)72( &79∗).6( /( &/( . ∗ ε i (
∗))( &+∗&2Χ).( ∋(5 &1 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 ∋(/1.6∗)&6&1 Ε&)& & )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 Γ α
∗ β 1−( Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(1Η (/1.6∗)(70 Ε&)& ( ∗1276(0 &1 1∗≅7./2∗1 ./9()5&,Μ∗1
)∗9∗)∗/2∗1 Ν1 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 /(1 Λ+2.5(1  &/(1 6& ∗5Ε)∗1&Β
10 10 10 10

 Yi = 100 Ξ
i =1
 X i = 60 Ξ
i =1
 X i × Yi = 650 Ξ  ( X i )2 = 400 Ξ  (Yi )2 = 1080
i =1 i =1

(/2&/6( ( ;7&6)( 6∗ &/3+.1∗ 6∗ 4&).ς/∋.&0 2∗5Θ1∗ ;7∗Β

&Η & 4&).&,−( ∗∆Ε+.∋&6&0 9(/2∗ 6∗ 4&).&,−( 6∗4.6( Ν )∗≅)∗11−(0 &Ε)∗1∗/2& 75 4&+() .≅7&+ & !Ξ



 
  0/

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

:Η 6.4.6./6( & 4&).&,−( )∗1.67&+ Ε∗+& 4&).&,−( 2(2&+0 (:2∗5(1 ( ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗/2∗ ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗
6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−(Ξ
∋Η ( 4&+() 6& ∗12&2Φ12.∋&  /∗∋∗113).& Ε&)& ( 2∗12∗ 6& ∗∆.12Ο/∋.& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( = .≅7&+ &(
∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6& 6.4.1−( 6& 4&).&,−( ∗∆Ε+.∋&6& Ε∗+& 4&).&,−( )∗1.67&+
6Η & 4&).&,−( )∗1.67&+ &Ε)∗1∗/2& 75 4&+() .≅7&+ & 0
∗Η & 4&).&,−( 2(2&+ &Ε)∗1∗/2& 75 4&+() .≅7&+ & 0 
ι :1∗)4&,−(Β ∋(/1.6∗)∗ ;7∗ 4(∋Ο <3 1&:∗ ;7∗ (1 ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗1  ∗  1−( 6&6(1 Ε()Β a = 2,5 Ξ
b = 1,25 0 ∋(/9()5∗ ∋3+∋7+(1 6& ∀7∗12−( ϕ
5   ;86? 1 00∋ 9<44:
&)& )∗1(+4∗) Ν ;7∗12−( 1∗≅7./2∗0 ∋(/1.6∗)∗ ;7∗ 9(. )∗&+.Α&6( 75 ∗1276( ∗5 75 Ε&Φ1 ∋(5 &
9./&+.6&6∗ 6∗ 1∗ 6∗2∗)5./&) & )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ & ∗/6& .1Ε(/Φ4∗+ ΓΗ0 ∗5 5.+8Μ∗1 6∗ 6Χ+&)∗10 ∗
( ∋(/175( ΓΗ0 2&5:=5 ∗5 5.+8Μ∗1 6∗ 6Χ+&)∗1
&:∗Θ1∗ ;7∗ 9(. 72.+.Α&6( ( 5(6∗+( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 C i = a + bYi + ei 0 ∗5 ;7∗ . = ( ∋(/175(
/( &/( .0 Ρ. = & )∗/6& 6.1Ε(/Φ4∗+ /( &/( β.χ ∗ ei ( ∗))( &+∗&2Χ).( ∋(5 &1 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1
∋(/1.6∗)&6&1 Ε&)& & )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1
12∗ ∗1276( &Ε)∗1∗/2(7 &1 1∗≅7./2∗1 ./9()5&,Μ∗1 ∋(+8.6&1 &2)&4=1 6& (:1∗)4&,−( /(1
Λ+2.5(1  &/(1Β
10 10 10 10 10

 Ci = 800
i =1
 Yi = 1.000
i =1
 Yi Ci = 83.600
i =1
 Yi = 105.000
i =1
2
C
i =1
i
2
= 67.240

∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ ∋())∗+&,−( r 6∗ ∗&)1(/ ∗/2)∗ &1 4&).34∗.1  ∗  = (:2.6( Ε∗+& 9Χ)57+&Β

cov(C , Y )
r= ∗5 ;7∗Β
DP (Y ) × DP(C )
(4Γ0Η = & ∋(4&).ς/∋.& ∗/2)∗  ∗ Ξ
ΓΗ = ( 6∗14.( Ε&6)−( 6∗ 
ΓΗ = ( 6∗14.( Ε&6)−( 6∗ 
∗5Θ1∗ ;7∗ ( 4&+() 6( ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−( r 2 = .≅7&+ &Β
&Η α
:Η α
∋Η α
6Η !α
∗Η %α
5  ∃ 14  00∋ 94:
4&+.&,Μ∗1 6∗ 2∗))∗/(1 :&1∗.&5Θ1∗0 ≅∗)&+5∗/2∗0 ∗5 5(6∗+(1 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) /(1 ;7&.1 (
Ε)∗,( 6∗ 4∗/6& = 75& 97/,−( 6∗ &+≅75&1 4&).34∗.1 2&.1 ∋(5( ( 2&5&/8( 6( 2∗))∗/(0 17&1
∋(/6.,Μ∗1 ∗ +(∋&+.Α&,−( #5& &5(12)& 6∗ 2∗))∗/(1 ∋(5∗)∋.&+.Α&6(1 /( Λ+2.5( 5Ο1 ∋(+∗2(7



 
  0

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

6&6(1 1(:)∗ ( Ε)∗,( 6& 4∗/6&0 ∗5 [  00 ( 2&5&/8( 6( 2∗))∗/(0 ∗5 50 ∗ & 6.12ς/∋.&
&( ∋∗/2)( 6& ∋.6&6∗0 ∗5 Π5 ).5∗.)&5∗/2∗ (:2∗4∗Θ1∗ ( 5(6∗+( ∋(5 &Ε∗/&1 & 4&).34∗+
2&5&/8( 6( 2∗))∗/(0
0 ∋(5( ∗∆Ε+.∋&2.4& 6( Ε)∗,( 6∗ 4∗/6& 1 Ε)./∋.Ε&.1 ;7&/2.2&2.4(1
)∗+&2.4(1 & ∗11∗ 5(6∗+( 9()&5 ∋&+∋7+&6(1 ∋(5(Β

(/1.6∗)&/6( ( ;7&6)( &∋.5&0 (1 4&+()∗1 6∗
  ∗ %0 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&5∗/2∗0 1−(Β

Γ Η !0  ∗ 0 Θ
ΓΗ !0  ∗ 0
ΓΗ !0  ∗ 0
ΓΗ !0  ∗ 0
ΓΗ 00 ! ∗ 0
5  % 46 00, 94:

(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ ())∗+&,−(
./∗&) 6∗ ∗&)1(/ ∗/2)∗ (1 6∗1∗5Ε∗/8(1 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&6(1
&+7/(1 ∗5 67&1 &4&+.&,Μ∗1 /&∋.(/&.1 = .≅7&+ & 0! ∗11∗ ∋&1(0 ∋(/∋+7.Θ1∗ ;7∗ & Ε)(Ε(),−(
6& 4&).&:.+.6&6∗ /(1 )∗17+2&6(1 6∗ 75& 6&1 &4&+.&,Μ∗1 ∗∆Ε+.∋&6& Ε∗+& )∗+&,−( +./∗&) ∗/2)∗
∗+&1 =
Γ Η  0α



 
  

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

ΓΗ %0α
ΓΗ 0α
ΓΗ !0α
ΓΗ %0!α
5  ∋ 617 00, 94:
#5 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 6∗  ∗5
0 ∋(5 75& 4&).34∗+ ∗∆Ε+.∋&2.4& ∗ ( 2∗)5(
∋(/12&/2∗0 9(. ∗12.5&6( ∋(5  (:1∗)4&,Μ∗10 ≅∗)&/6( 75  6∗ 0  ( 2∗12∗ 6∗ 4&+.6&6∗
6( 5(6∗+(0 ( Θ∋&+∋7+&6( (7 Θ(:1∗)4&6( = .≅7&+ &
Γ Η 
ΓΗ 
ΓΗ 
ΓΗ 
ΓΗ 
5  ( 7; 00,8 94 Α Φ  #:
#5 ∗∆Ε∗).5∗/2( 9(. )∗&+.Α&6( ∋(5 ( (:<∗2.4( 6∗ ∗12.5&) ( Ε)∗,( 6∗ 75& &,−(0 6&6( ( 1∗7
4&+() Ε&2).5(/.&+0 &5:(1 ∗5 )∗&.1
#5& &5(12)& 6∗ &,Μ∗1 /∗≅(∋.&6&1 )∗∋∗/2∗5∗/2∗ 9()/∗∋∗7 6&6(1 1(:)∗ ( Ε)∗,( ∗ ( 4&+()
Ε&2).5(/.&+ Ε() &,−( Ε+.∋(7Θ1∗ ( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 Y = α + βX + ε 
+≅7/1 )∗17+2&6(1 6& 2&:∗+& 6& &/3+.1∗ 6& 4&).ς/∋.&0 (:2.6& & Ε&)2.) 6(1 6&6(1 6∗11& &5(12)&0
∗12−( &Ε)∗1∗/2&6(1 & 1∗≅7.)

Υ7+≅7∗ (1 .2∗/1 &:&.∆(Β

 Ι ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−( 5(12)& ;7∗ ( 5(6∗+( Ε)(Ε(12( ∗∆Ε+.∋& &Ε)(∆.5&6&5∗/2∗
α 6& 4&).&:.+.6&6∗ 2(2&+
 Ι 4&+() 6& ∗12&2Φ12.∋& &∋ ∋  = 0 ∗ & ∋(/∋+71−( 6( 2∗12∗ = ;7∗ & 4&).34∗+ 4&+()
Ε&2).5(/.&+ = 1.≅/.9.∋&2.4&0 .12( =0 6∗4∗Θ1∗ )∗<∗.2&) & 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ /7+& H 0 : β = 0 
5  ) <= 6 00/ 9<:
#5& &5(12)& &+∗&2Χ).& 1.5Ε+∗1 Γ
( (Η0 Γ
) )Η0 0 Γ

0 /Η 6∗ 67&1 4&).34∗.1 &+∗&2Χ).&1
∗ 
9()/∗∋∗7 &1 1∗≅7./2∗1 ;7&/2.6&6∗1Β

 (X )
n
2
i −X = 414
i =1

 (Y )
n
2
i −Y = 359
i =1



 
  

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

 (X )
n

i − X × Yi = 345
i =1

&+∋7+∗ ( 4&+() 5&.1 Ε)Χ∆.5( 6( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−( 6& )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 6∗ Ρ ∗5 Σ

&Η 0!!
:Η 0%
∋Η 0!
6Η 0!
∗Η 0!

5  , <≅ 00/ 94:

∗12&2Φ12.∋( 6∗ 75& ./6Λ12).& 6∗ Ε)(672(1 6∗)5&2(+Χ≅.∋(1 6∗1∗<& ∗1276&) & )∗+&,−(
∗∆.12∗/2∗ ∗/2)∗ & 1&2.19&,−( 6( ∋+.∗/2∗ ΓΗ0 ∗5 75& ∗1∋&+& 6∗  & 0 & 17& .6&6∗ Γ
Η0 ∗5
&/(10 ∗ ( /Φ4∗+ 6∗ &/1.∗6&6∗ Γ
Η0 ∗5 Φ/6.∋∗ &)& .11(0 9()&5 1∗+∗∋.(/&6(1  Ε&∋.∗/2∗1
).5∗.)&5∗/2∗ ∗1276(7Θ1∗ & )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ & 1&2.19&,−( 6( Ε&∋.∗/2∗ ∗ & 17& .6&6∗
&Η (/1.6∗)&/6( ( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( Y = b0 + b1 X 1 + ε 0 6∗2∗)5./∗ (1 4&+()∗1 6∗ ∗ 
6& 2&:∗+& 6&   

5  / 74 00 9<:

#5 Ε)(9.11.(/&+ 6& 3)∗& 6∗ )∗∋7)1(1 875&/(1 ∗123 ./2∗)∗11&6( ∗5 &4&+.&) ( ∗9∗.2( 6( 2.Ε(
6∗ 9.)5& /( 1&+3).( ./.∋.&+ 6∗ 75& 1∗∋)∗23).& ∗12∗ ∋(/2∗∆2( 2(5(7 75& &5(12)& &+∗&2Χ).&

)∗&.1 Ε() 5Ο1 ./4∗12.≅&6() Ε(127+& ;7∗ ( 1&+3).( 6 6& <Θ=1.5& 1∗∋)∗23).& 6& .=1.5& 9.)5&
6∗ ∋./∋( 1∗∋)∗23).&1 ./.∋.&/2∗1 ∗5 ∋&6& 75 6∗ 2)Ο1 2.Ε(1 6∗ 9.)5&0 &/(2&/6( ( 1&+3).( ∗5

(:∗6∗∋∗ ( 5(6∗+( +./∗&) 6   ( ∋ ( 76 , i=1, 2, 3; j=1 ...5. ∗12& ∗∆Ε)∗11−( µ )∗Ε)∗1∗/2&
75& 5=6.& Ε(Ε7+&∋.(/&+0 α. = ( ∗9∗.2( 9.∆( 6& 9.)5& i ∗ (1 ε.< 1−( ∗))(1 /−( ∋())∗+&∋.(/&6(1
∋(5 6.12).:7.,−( /()5&+0 5=6.& Α∗)( ∗ 4&).ς/∋.& ∋(/12&/2∗ ∗12∗ ∋(/2∗∆2( (:2=5 & 2&:∗+&
6∗ &/3+.1∗ 6∗ 4&).ς/∋.& 1∗≅7./2∗Β



 
  ∃

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

11./&+∗ & (Ε,−( ;7∗ 63 ( 4&+() 6& ∗12&2Φ12.∋&  /∗∋∗113).& Ε&)& 2∗12&) & 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ 6∗ ;7∗ (1
∗9∗.2(1 6&1 9.)5&1 1∗<&5 .≅7&.1
&Η 0
:Η 0
∋Η 0
6Η 0
∗Η 0!
5  ∃0 6<1≅ Β 00 9<:
Ε&)2.) 6∗ 75& &5(12)& &+∗&2Χ).& 1.5Ε+∗1 9()5&6& Ε()  (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 6&1 4&).34∗.1 Σ ∗ Ρ
∋&+∋7+(7Θ1∗

  ++


  ∗


∀  #  


∀  #  :∗)


∀  #∀  #  :


=<  % ( ∗
:2∗/8& & )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 6∗ Ρ ∗5 Σ
;# 
=<  % ( %
># 
=<   ( ∗
?# 



 
  %

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

=<   ( 
≅# 
=<  % ( %
Α# 
5  ∃ 6<1≅ Β 00 9<:
(5 (1 6&6(1 6& ;7∗12−( &/2∗).()0 ∋&+∋7+∗ ( 4&+() 5&.1 Ε)Χ∆.5( 6( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗
6∗2∗)5./&,−(  6& )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 6∗ Σ ∗5 Ρ
&Η 0
:Η 0!
∋Η 0!
6Η 0%
∗Η 0!!
5  ∃ 1  0 946:
#5 &/&+.12& ∗1276(7 & )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ ( 5(/2&/2∗ 6∗ 5.+ )∗&.1 6.1Ε(/Φ4∗.1 Ε&)&
./4∗12.5∗/2(1 /&1 +(∋&+.6&6∗1 ∗ & )∗1Ε∗∋2.4& ;7&/2.& 6∗ 5.+ )∗&.1 ./6∗4.6&5∗/2∗ 72.+.Α&6(1
Ε∗+(1 ≅∗12()∗1 ΕΛ:+.∋(1 )∗1Ε(/134∗.1 ()&5 ∋(/1.6∗)&6&1 &1 1∗≅7./2∗1 ∗12&2Φ12.∋&1
6∗1∋).2.4&1 &∋∗)∋& 6∗11&1 4&).34∗.1

5(6∗+( ∋(/1.6∗)&6( 2∗5 & 9()5& ∗ 9(. &<712&6( Ε∗+( 5=2(6( 6∗

5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 ()6./3).(1 ;7.0 ∗ 1−( (1 ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗1 6( 5(6∗+( ∗ )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& (
∗))( &+∗&2Χ).( ∋())∗+&,−( 6∗ ∗&)1(/ ∗/2)∗ ∗ 9(. .≅7&+ & 0% ∗ & ∗12&2Φ12.∋& 6( 2∗12∗
 )∗9∗)∗/2∗ &( 5(6∗+( ∗5 ;7∗12−( 9(. .≅7&+ & %0

(5 :&1∗ /∗11&1 ./9()5&,Μ∗10 <7+≅7∗ (1 Ε)Χ∆.5(1 .2∗/10 )∗+&2.4(1 & ∋())∗+&,−(0 )∗≅)∗11−( ∗
6.12).:7.,Μ∗1 ∋(/<7/2&1

Η &)& (1 ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗1 ∗ 0 ( ∋3+∋7+( 6&1 ∗12.5&2.4&1 6∗ 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6∗Ε∗/6∗ 6&

8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ 6∗ /()5&+.6&6∗ 6(1 ∗))(1 &+∗&2Χ).(1 
Η 5(6∗+( ∗5 ;7∗12−( &Ε)∗1∗/2(7 75 ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−( ΓΗ ./9∗).() & 0 



 
  ∋

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

5  ∃∃ ?6≅ 00 946:

9.≅7)& &∋.5& ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗ & 75 6.&≅)&5& 6∗ 6.1Ε∗)1−( ∗/2)∗ & 4&).34∗+ Γ≅&12( Ε∗)∋∗/27&+
∋(5 1&Λ6∗Η ∗ Γ)∗/6& :)72& 9&5.+.&)0 ∗5 [ 5.+Η0 (:2.6& ∋(5 :&1∗ ∗5 75& &5(12)& 6∗ 
9&5Φ+.&1 (5 )∗1Ε∗.2( &( &<712∗ 6∗ 75 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 /& 9()5&
0 ∗5 ;7∗ = ( ∗))( &+∗&2Χ).( ∗ ∗ 1−( (1 ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗1 6( 5(6∗+(0 9()&5
(:2.6(1 (1 1∗≅7./2∗1 )∗17+2&6(1

∗))( Ε&6)−( 6(1 )∗1Φ67(1 Ω 0 Γ∋(5 ! ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗Η

 Ω 0!!
 &<712&6( Ω 0!

(5 :&1∗ /∗11&1 ./9()5&,Μ∗10 <7+≅7∗ ( .2∗5 1∗≅7./2∗

∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ ∋())∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ ≅&12(1 ∋(5 1&Λ6∗ ∗ )∗/6& 9(. ./9∗).() & Θ0!

5  ∃% <= ? 00∋ 9<:

7Ε(/8& ;7∗ /−( ∗∆.12& &11(∋.&,−( +./∗&) ∗/2)∗ 67&1 4&).34∗.1 Σ ∗ Ρ ∗ ;7∗ 75 /Λ5∗)( 6∗
(:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 179.∋.∗/2∗5∗/2∗ ≅)&/6∗ 6∗ Ε&)∗1 ΓΣ0ΡΗ ∗12∗<& 6.1Ε(/Φ4∗+ Ε&)& ( ∗1276( 6&
)∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 6∗ Ρ ∗5 Σ 11./&+∗ & (Ε,−( ;7∗ ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗0 /∗11∗ ∋&1(0
&Ε)(∆.5&6&5∗/2∗0 &( ;7&6)&6( 5=6.( 6( ∗))(
&Η 
:Η ∀7&6)&6( 6( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ ∋())∗+&,−( &5(12)&+ ∗/2)∗ Σ ∗ Ρ
∋Η ∀7&6)&6( 5=6.( 6& )∗≅)∗11−(
6Η 
∗Η &).ς/∋.& 6&1 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 6( &2).:72( Ρ



 
  (

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

5  ∃∋ <= 6 00/ 9<:

#5& &5(12)& &+∗&2Χ).& 1.5Ε+∗1 Γ
( (Η0 Γ
) )Η0 0 Γ

0 /Η 6∗ 67&1 4&).34∗.1 &+∗&2Χ).&1
∗ 
9()/∗∋∗7 &1 1∗≅7./2∗1 ;7&/2.6&6∗1Β

 (X )
n
2
i −X = 414
i =1

 (Y )
n
2
i −Y = 359
i =1

 (X )
n

i − X × Yi = 345
i =1

&+∋7+∗ ( 4&+() 5&.1 Ε)Χ∆.5( 6( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−( 6& )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 6∗ Ρ ∗5 Σ

&Η 0!!
:Η 0%
∋Η 0!
6Η 0!
∗Η 0!
5  ∃( 14  0 946:
#5 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗1 6∗1∋)∗4∗ & )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ ( Ε)∗,( 7/.23).(
Γ)∗Ε)∗1∗/2&6( Ε() ΣΗ0 ∗5 )∗&.10 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&6( Ε)(672( ∗ & ;7&/2.6&6∗ 6∗ 7/.6&6∗1
4∗/6.6&1 Γ)∗Ε)∗1∗/2&6& Ε() ΡΗ )∗2& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( &<712&6& Ε∗+( 5=2(6( 6∗ 5Φ/.5(1
;7&6)&6(1 ()6./3).(1 = Ρ Ω  Θ 0Σ

(5 :&1∗ /∗11&1 ./9()5&,Μ∗10 <7+≅7∗ ( .2∗5 17:1∗;7∗/2∗

∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−( 6( )∗9∗).6( 5(6∗+( = /∗≅&2.4(0 ( ;7∗ ./6.∋& & ∗∆.12Ο/∋.& 6∗

)∗+&,−( ./4∗)1& ∗/2)∗ ( Ε)∗,( ∗ & ;7&/2.6&6∗ 6∗ 7/.6&6∗1 4∗/6.6&1

5  ∃) 6 00 9<:

.& Σ Ε)∗12& 1∗)4.,( 6∗ 5&/72∗/,−( Ε)∗4∗/2.4& /(1 ∋(5Ε72&6()∗1 ;7∗ 4∗/6∗ 5 !
∋8&5&6&1 Ε&)& )∗&+.Α&,−( 6∗ 1∗)4.,(1 6∗ 5&/72∗/,−( 9()&5 (:1∗)4&6(1 (1 Ε&)∗1 Γ∆. 0 .Η
(/6∗ ∆. )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& ( /Λ5∗)( 6∗ 53;7./&1 ∗∆&5./&6&1 /& ∋8&5&6& ∗ . ( 2∗5Ε( ≅&12(0 ∗5
8()&10 /& 4.1.2& 6∗ ./1Ε∗,−( 2&.1 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 &<712&Θ1∗ ( 5(6∗+( +./∗&) Γ . Η Ω δ Ζ ε ∆.0
∋(5 ( 71( 6∗ 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 ()6./3).(10 1(: & 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ 6∗ ∗))(1 ∋(5 5=6.& Α∗)(0
8(5(1∋∗6312.∋(10 /−( ∋())∗+&∋.(/&6(1 ∗ ∋(5 (1 ∆. 9.∆(1 Γ6∗2∗)5./Φ12.∋(1Η ()&5 (:2.6&1 &1
1∗≅7./2∗1 ∗12&2Φ12.∋&1 Ε&)& ( &<712∗Β

  

  

   &∗



 
  )

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

  

1 ∋(/12&/2∗1 & ∗ : 1−( &1 ∗12.5&2.4&1 6∗ 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6∗
∗ 0 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&5∗/2∗
11./&+∗ & (Ε,−( ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗/2∗ Ν ∗12.5&2.4& /−(Θ4.∗Α&6& 6& 4&).ς/∋.& )∗1.67&+
&Η 0
:Η 0
∋Η 0
6Η 0
∗Η 0

5  ∃, 74 00 9<:

:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 Γ X i , Yi Η 6∗ 67&1 4&).34∗.1 ∗∋(/κ5.∋&1 1&2.19&Α∗5 ( 5(6∗+( +./∗&)
Yi = α + β X i + ε i (/6∗ (1 X i 1−( ∋(/12&/2∗10 α ∗ β 1−( (1 Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(1 ∗ (1
ε i 1−( ∗))(1 /()5&.1 /−( 6.)∗2&5∗/2∗ (:1∗)434∗.10 /−( ∋())∗+&∋.(/&6(1 ∋(5 5=6.& /7+& ∗
5∗15& 4&).ς/∋.& σ 2  ∗1∗<&Θ1∗ 2∗12&) & 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ ηΒ β ≥ 0 ∋(/2)& & 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ &+2∗)/&2.4& η Β
β < 0  5=2(6( 6∗ 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 &Ε+.∋&6( ∗5 75& &5(12)& 6∗ 2&5&/8( !
Ε)(67Α.7 ( 5(6∗+( &<712&6(Β
Yˆ = 2 − 2,12 X
∗/6( ( 6∗14.( Ε&6)−( 6( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗  ∗12.5&6( ∗5  11./&+∗ & (Ε,−( ;7∗ 63 ( 4&+()
Ε)(:&:.+Φ12.∋( ΓΕΘ4&+()Η 6( 2∗12∗ 6∗ 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ ∗ ∋(/2)& & 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ η  #1∗ & 2&:∗+& 6& 97/,−(
6∗ 6.12).:7.,−( 6& 4&).34∗+ 2 6∗ 276∗/2 6&6& & 1∗≅7.)
)&71 6∗
Γ
Η
+.:∗)6&6∗
 0 0%
 0  0% 
 0 0%
 0 0%
 0 0% 
 0 0%
 0 0%
 0 0% 
 0 0%
! 0 0%
! 0 0% 
! 0 0%

&Η 0%
:Η 0



 
  ,

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

∋Η 0
6Η 0%
∗Η 0

5  ∃/ 6 00, 94:

5 75 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗10 75 ./2∗)4&+( 6∗ ∋(/9.&/,& 6∗ % 0α (:2.6( Ε&)&
( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ &/≅7+&) 9(. Γλ0 Ξ 0!Η (5 ∗11∗ )∗17+2&6( 1Χ 1∗ Ε(6∗ ∋(/∋+7.) ;7∗
Γ Η ( ./2∗)∋∗Ε2( = .≅7&+ & Α∗)(
ΓΗ ( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ &/≅7+&) = /∗≅&2.4(
ΓΗ & )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ &1 4&).34∗.1 = /−( +./∗&)
ΓΗ & 4&).34∗+ 6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗ &1175∗ 4&+()∗1 /∗≅&2.4(1
ΓΗ /−( ∗∆.12∗ )∗+&,−( +./∗&) ∗/2)∗ &1 67&1 4&).34∗.1
5  %0 6 00 9<:

  ∋ ( Θ ( 7
(/1.6∗)∗ ( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&)

Η    % Ρ  
(/6∗  = 75& )∗&+.Α&,−( 6∗ 75& 4&).34∗+ )∗1Ε(12& 0  = 75& )∗&+.Α&,−( 6∗ 75& 4&).34∗+
∗∆Χ≅∗/& 0 (1 7 1−( ∗))(1 &+∗&2Χ).(1 /−(Θ(:1∗)434∗.10 /−( ∋())∗+&∋.(/&6(10 ∋(5 5=6.&
/7+& ∗ 4&).ς/∋.& ∋(/12&/2∗   ( Ε)(∋∗11( 6∗ ∗12.5&,−( 4.& ( 5=2(6( 6∗ 5Φ/.5(1

    Ζ ∀  #
;7&6)&6(1 &1 4&).34∗.1 9()&5 ∋()).≅.6&1 Ε∗+& 5=6.&0 Ε)(67Α./6( & ∗;7&,−( 6∗ &<712∗

      Ζ  
/6∗

4&).ς/∋.& 6( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ Ζ 9(. ∗12.5&6& ∗5 0  ∗))( 5=6.( ;7&6)32.∋( 6& )∗≅)∗11−(
4&+∗ 

11./&+∗ & (Ε,−( ∋())∗2&

&Η Ε)∗6.2() 6& (:1∗)4&,−( ./6.4.67&+ 6∗ Ρ 0 ;7&/6( Σ Ω 0 4&+∗  ∗ 2∗5 4&).ς/∋.& 0 

∋Η 1 4&).34∗.1 &+∗&2Χ).&1  ∗ Ζ 2∗5 ∋())∗+&,−( 6.12./2& 6∗ Α∗)(

:Η Ε)∗6.2() 6( 4&+() ∗1Ε∗)&6( 6∗ Ρ 0 ;7&/6( Σ Ω 0 4&+∗  ∗ 2∗5 4&).ς/∋.& 0 

6Η Ε)∗6.2() 6( 4&+() ∗1Ε∗)&6( 6∗ Ρ 0 ;7&/6( Σ Ω 0 4&+∗  ∗ 2∗5 4&).ς/∋.& 

∗Η Ε)∗6.2() 6& (:1∗)4&,−( ./6.4.67&+ 6∗ Ρ0 ;7&/6( Σ Ω 0 4&+∗  ∗ 2∗5 4&).ς/∋.& 
5  % <= ? 00∋ 9<:

  ∋ ( Θ ( 7
(/1.6∗)∗ ( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&)

Η    % ∴ 



 
  /

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

/6∗ (1  )∗Ε)∗1∗/2&5 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 6& 4&).34∗+ )∗1Ε(12& ]0 (1  )∗Ε)∗1∗/2&5 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1

6& 4&).34∗+ ∗∆Χ≅∗/& 0 ∋ ∗ Θ 1−( Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(1 ∗ (1 7 1−( ∗))(1 /−(
∋())∗+&∋.(/&6(1 ∋(5 5=6.& /7+& ∗ 4&).ς/∋.& ∋(/12&/2∗ &)2∗ 6& 2&:∗+& 6∗ &/3+.1∗ 6∗
4&).ς/∋.& = 6&6& &:&.∆( &:∗Θ1∗ ;7∗ & 5=6.& 6(1 4&+()∗1 6& 4&).34∗+ ∗∆Χ≅∗/& =  ∗ ;7∗ &

( 4&+() 6& 4&).ς/∋.& 6( Ε)∗6.2() 6∗  ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗/2∗ &   +

1(5& 6(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6∗ 1∗71 6∗14.(1 )∗+&2.4(1 & ∗11& 5=6.& =  11./&+∗ & (Ε,−( ;7∗ 63

&Η 0
:Η  0
∋Η 0
6Η 0
∗Η 0

5  % ≅6 00( 9<:

∗/6( ;7∗ & 1./.12)&+.6&6∗ ΓΗ 6∗ 75& ∋&)2∗.)& 6∗ &72(5Χ4∗.1 6∗ ]/] (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 9(.
&4&+.&6& ∗5 97/,−( 6&1 4&).34∗.1Β Σ0 )∗+&2.4& &( 5(6∗+( 6( 4∗Φ∋7+(0 ∗ Ρ0 Ε∗)9.+ 6( ∋(/672()0
)∗17+2&/6( (1 Ε(/2(1Β ΓΣ0 Ρ0 Η0 ΓΣ0 Ρ0 Η0 0 ΓΣ/0 Ρ/0 /Η0 Ε(6∗/6(  1∗) 6∗1∋).2& Ε∗+&
∗∆Ε)∗11−(Β
4&+.&/6(  ∗5 97/,−( 6∗ 4&+()∗1 &2).:7Φ6(1 & Σ ∗ Ρ0 9&+&/6(Θ1∗ 6∗ 75 Ε+&/( 6∗ 5Φ/.5(
;7&6)&6( 6∗ &<712&5∗/2( 6∗ 6&6(10 &1 ∗;7&,Μ∗1 /()5&.1 ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗/2∗1 &( Ε+&/( 6∗

Β  Τ ( ξ (  
5Φ/.5( ;7&6)&6( 1−( 6&6&1 Ε()Β

Γ Η Β  Τ (    (   
Γ Η Β  Τ  (   (  
Γ Η Β  Τ  (   (   
/6.∋&/6( Ε()  Θ ∗)6&6∗.)( ∗  Θ &+1(0 2∗5(1 & (Ε,−( ∋())∗2& ∋(5( 1∗/6(Β
&Η 0 0 
:Η 0 0 
∋Η 0 0 
6Η 0 0 
∗Η 0 0 
5  %∃ 74 00 9<:
;7∗12−( :&1∗.&Θ1∗ /( ∗/7/∋.&6( 1∗≅7./2∗Β
#5 ./4∗12.≅&6() ∗123 ./2∗)∗11&6( ∗5 ∗1276&) & 97/,−( ∋(/175( 6∗ 75 6∗2∗)5./&6( 1∗2()
6& ∗∋(/(5.& (5 :&1∗ ∗5 1∗7 ∋(/8∗∋.5∗/2( 6∗ ∗().& ∋(/κ5.∋& Ε(127+& ;7∗ ( ∋(/175(
ΓΗ 6∗ ./2∗)∗11∗ 6∗4∗ 4&).&) ∋(5 & )∗/6& )∗&+ Ε∗)∋&Ε.2& 6( Ε&Φ1 ΓΗ ∗ ∋(5 75 )∗+&2.4( 6∗



 
  0

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

Ε)∗,(1 ΓΗ 6( 1∗2() ∗12∗ ∋(/2∗∆2( (:1∗)4& 75& 1=).∗ 6∗  (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 /∗11&1 4&).34∗.1
&( +(/≅( 6( 2∗5Ε(0 (:2∗/6( 75& 1∗;∴Ο/∋.& 6∗ )∗&+.Α&,Μ∗1 20 2 ∗ 2 ;7∗ 1&2.19&Α∗5 (

,ψζ∀{| #  ∋ ( Θ ,ψζ∀.| # ( } ,ψζ∀∼| # ( Ο|

5(6∗+( +(≅Θ+./∗&)Β

 ∗12& ∗∆Ε)∗11−( ( +(≅ = 2(5&6( /& :&1∗ /∗Ε∗).&/&0 ∋ Θ } 1−( Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(1
∗ Ο| (1 1−( ∗))(1 /−( ∋())∗+&∋.(/&6(10 /()5&+5∗/2∗ 6.12).:7Φ6(1 ∋(5 5=6.& Α∗)( ∗ 4&).ς/∋.&
∋(/12&/2∗      +≅7/1 )∗17+2&6(1 6( &<712∗ 6∗11∗ 5(6∗+( Ε∗+( 5=2(6( 6∗ 5Φ/.5(1
;7&6)&6(1 1−( &Ε)∗1∗/2&6(1 & 1∗≅7.)Β

11./&+∗ & (Ε,−( ;7∗ 63 & ∗12.5&2.4& 6& 4&).&,−( ∗1Ε∗)&6& ∗5 +(≅ ΓΗ 6∗∋())∗/2∗ 6(
6∗∋)=1∋.5( 6∗ 67&1 7/.6&6∗1 /( +(≅ ΓΗ ∗ 6( &75∗/2( 6∗ 75& 7/.6&6∗ /( +(≅ ΓΗ
&Η 0%
:Η 0!
∋Η 0
6Η 0
∗Η 0

5  %% 1<7 00/ 9<:

5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 5Λ+2.Ε+& ΚΝ Ο Π Θ> Π Ρ= Π Σ = &<712&6( Ν1 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 Κ
Ι >
 =
0
;7∗ ∋(/12.27∗5 75& &5(12)& &+∗&2Χ).& 1.5Ε+∗1 6∗ 2&5&/8(  (/1.6∗)&/6( ;7∗ (
∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−( ∋&+∋7+&6( 9(.  Ν 0Ι,0Ι (:2∗/8& ( 4&+() 5&.1 Ε)Χ∆.5( 6&
∗12&2Φ12.∋& < Ε&)& 2∗12&) & 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ /7+& 6∗ /−(Θ∗∆.12Ο/∋.& 6& )∗≅)∗11−(
&Η !
:Η 
∋Η  
6Η 
∗Η !



 
  

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

5  %∋ 4≅ 00, 9<:

&/3+.1∗ 6∗ 4&).ς/∋.& 6∗ 75 5(6∗+( ∗12&2Φ12.∋( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) ()6./3).& ∋(5 75&
4&).34∗+ 6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗0 75 2∗)5( ∋(/12&/2∗ 5&.1 2)Ο1 4&).34∗.1 ∋(5( )∗≅)∗11()∗10 9()/∗∋∗7
75& 1(5& 6(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6∗4.6( Ν )∗≅)∗11−( 6∗  % ∗ 75& 1(5& 6(1 ;7&6)&6(1 6(1
)∗1Φ67(1 6∗  %  &6( ;7∗ 9()&5 71&6&1  (:1∗)4&,Μ∗10 ∋&+∋7+∗ ( 4&+() 5&.1 Ε)Χ∆.5( 6&
∗12&2Φ12.∋&  Ε&)& ( 2∗12∗ 6∗ 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ 6& /−(Θ∗∆.12Ο/∋.& 6& )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) ∗1276&6&

&Η 
:Η 
∋Η 0
6Η  
∗Η 
5  %( 74 00( 9<44:
(/1.6∗)∗ &1 1∗≅7./2∗1 ./9()5&,Μ∗1 Ε&)& )∗1(+4∗) &1 ;7∗12−(
#5& 6&1 Ε)./∋.Ε&.1 &Ε+.∋&,Μ∗1 6& ∋(/(5∗2).& 2∗5 1.6( 17& 72.+.Α&,−( /& (:2∗/,−( 6∗
5(6∗+(1 ;7∗ ∗∆Ε+.∋&5 & Ε)(∋7)& 6∗ Ε)(672(1 /(1 6.4∗)1(1 1∗2()∗1 6& ∋(/(5.& ()

ƒ  ∋ ( Θ (  ( 7
∗∆∗5Ε+(0 ∗5 75 6∗2∗)5./&6( Ε&Φ10 &6(2(7Θ1∗ ( 5(6∗+(

Ε&)& &4&+.&) & 6∗5&/6& Ε∗) ∋&Ε.2& 6∗ 75 6∗2∗)5./&6( Ε)(672(0 ∋(5 :&1∗ ∗5 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1
/(1 Λ+2.5(1 6∗Α &/(1 &6(1Β
• Α. Ω +/Γ∀.Η0 ∗5 ;7∗ +/ = ( +(≅&).25( /∗Ε∗).&/( Γ+/Γ∗Η ΩΗ ∗ ∀. 75 Φ/6.∋∗ )∗Ε)∗1∗/2&/6(
& 6∗5&/6& Ε∗) ∋&Ε.2& 6( Ε)(672( /( &/( .Ξ
• ∆. Ω +/Γ.Η0 ∗5 ;7∗ . = ( Φ/6.∋∗ 6∗ Ε)∗,( 6( Ε)(672( /( &/( .Ξ
• . Ω +/Γ.Η0 ∗5 ;7∗ . = & )∗/6& Ε∗) ∋&Ε.2& 6( Ε&Φ1 /( &/( .Ξ
• ∋ Θ  1−( Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(1Ξ
• 7 = ( ∗))( &+∗&2Χ).( ∋(5 &1 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 ∋(/1.6∗)&6&1 Ε&)& ( 5(6∗+( 6∗
)∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 5Λ+2.Ε+&

#2.+.Α&/6( ( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(10 (:2∗4∗Θ1∗ & ∗;7&,−( 6( Ε+&/(Β

[<  +  
 ( &∗

&6(1 (:2.6(1 6( ;7&6)( 6∗ &/3+.1∗ 6∗ 4&).ς/∋.&Β

• (5& 6(1 ;7&6)&6(1 )∗9∗)∗/2∗ Ν )∗≅)∗11−(Β 0

• &).&,−( )∗1.67&+Β 0

(/1.6∗)&/6( & ∗;7&,−( 6( Ε+&/( (:2.6& Ε∗+( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 Ε&)& ∗11∗
Ε&Φ10 ( 4&+() 6& Ε)∗4.1−( ∗5 75 6∗2∗)5./&6( &/( 6( Φ/6.∋∗ 6∗ 6∗5&/6& Ε∗) ∋&Ε.2& ∀ 6(



 
  

044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

Ε)(672( &/&+.1&6( ∗5 97/,−( 6( Φ/6.∋∗ 6∗ Ε)∗,(  ∗ 75& )∗/6& Ε∗) ∋&Ε.2&  Γ∀ Τ Η Ε(6∗
1∗) (:2.6( Ε∗+& 9Χ)57+&Β

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(/1.6∗)∗ &1 1∗≅7./2∗1 ./9()5&,Μ∗1 Ε&)& )∗1(+4∗) &1 ;7∗12−(
#5& 6&1 Ε)./∋.Ε&.1 &Ε+.∋&,Μ∗1 6& ∋(/(5∗2).& 2∗5 1.6( 17& 72.+.Α&,−( /& (:2∗/,−( 6∗
5(6∗+(1 ;7∗ ∗∆Ε+.∋&5 & Ε)(∋7)& 6∗ Ε)(672(1 /(1 6.4∗)1(1 1∗2()∗1 6& ∋(/(5.& ()

ƒ  ∋ ( Θ (  ( 7
∗∆∗5Ε+(0 ∗5 75 6∗2∗)5./&6( Ε&Φ10 &6(2(7Θ1∗ ( 5(6∗+(

Ε&)& &4&+.&) & 6∗5&/6& Ε∗) ∋&Ε.2& 6∗ 75 6∗2∗)5./&6( Ε)(672(0 ∋(5 :&1∗ ∗5 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1
/(1 Λ+2.5(1 6∗Α &/(1 &6(1Β
• Α. Ω +/Γ∀.Η0 ∗5 ;7∗ +/ = ( +(≅&).25( /∗Ε∗).&/( Γ+/Γ∗Η ΩΗ ∗ ∀. 75 Φ/6.∋∗ )∗Ε)∗1∗/2&/6(
& 6∗5&/6& Ε∗) ∋&Ε.2& 6( Ε)(672( /( &/( .Ξ
• ∆. Ω +/Γ.Η0 ∗5 ;7∗ . = ( Φ/6.∋∗ 6∗ Ε)∗,( 6( Ε)(672( /( &/( .Ξ
• . Ω +/Γ.Η0 ∗5 ;7∗ . = & )∗/6& Ε∗) ∋&Ε.2& 6( Ε&Φ1 /( &/( .Ξ
• ∋ Θ  1−( Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(1Ξ
• 7 = ( ∗))( &+∗&2Χ).( ∋(5 &1 )∗1Ε∗∋2.4&1 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗1 ∋(/1.6∗)&6&1 Ε&)& ( 5(6∗+( 6∗
)∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 5Λ+2.Ε+&

#2.+.Α&/6( ( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(10 (:2∗4∗Θ1∗ & ∗;7&,−( 6( Ε+&/(Β

[<  +  
 ( &∗

&6(1 (:2.6(1 6( ;7&6)( 6∗ &/3+.1∗ 6∗ 4&).ς/∋.&Β

• (5& 6(1 ;7&6)&6(1 )∗9∗)∗/2∗ Ν )∗≅)∗11−(Β 0

• &).&,−( )∗1.67&+Β 0



 
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044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

(5 )∗+&,−( Ν ∗;7&,−( 6( Ε+&/( &<712&6( Ε∗+( 5=2(6( 6(1 5Φ/.5(1 ;7&6)&6(1 ∗
∋(/1.6∗)&/6( ( ;7&6)( 6∗ &/3+.1∗ 6∗ 4&).ς/∋.& ∋())∗1Ε(/6∗/2∗0 = ∋())∗2( &9.)5&) ;7∗Β

&Η ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−( ΓΗ 6& )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 5Λ+2.Ε+& = ./9∗).() & %α
:Η &)& ( 2∗12∗ 6∗ 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗ 6∗ ∗∆.12Ο/∋.& 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−(0 2∗5Θ1∗ ;7∗ ( /Λ5∗)( 6∗ ≅)&71 6∗
+.:∗)6&6∗ & ∋(/1.6∗)&) )∗9∗)∗/2∗ Ν 4&).&,−( )∗1.67&+ = %
∋Η (5( /& )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 1.5Ε+∗10 ( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−( ΓΗ 6& )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&)
5Λ+2.Ε+& = .≅7&+ &( ;7(∋.∗/2∗ 6& 6.4.1−( 6& 4&).&,−( )∗1.67&+ Ε∗+& 4&).&,−( ∗∆Ε+.∋&6& Ε∗+&
)∗≅)∗11−(
6Η )∗+&,−( ∗/2)∗ ( /Λ5∗)( 6∗ ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗ )∗9∗)∗/2∗ Ν 4&).&,−( )∗1.67&+ ∗ ( /Λ5∗)(
6∗ ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗ )∗9∗)∗/2∗ Ν 4&).&,−( ∗∆Ε+.∋&6& Ε∗+& )∗≅)∗11−( = 0 
∗Η 4&+() 6& ∗12&2Φ12.∋&  Γ ∋&+∋7+&6(Η 72.+.Α&6( Ε&)& ∋(5Ε&)&,−( ∋(5 (  2&:∗+&6( Γ4&).34∗+

6∗/(5./&6()0 &( /Φ4∗+ 6∗ 1.≅/.9.∋ς/∋.& ∋Η = .≅7&+ & 

 6∗ /∗6∗∋() ∋(5 5 ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗ /( /75∗)&6() ∗ / ≅)&71 6∗ +.:∗)6&6∗ /(

5  %, 74 00 9<:

;7∗12−( :&1∗.&Θ1∗ /( ∗/7/∋.&6( 1∗≅7./2∗Β
#5 ./4∗12.≅&6() ∗123 ./2∗)∗11&6( ∗5 ∗1276&) & 97/,−( ∋(/175( 6∗ 75 6∗2∗)5./&6( 1∗2()
6& ∗∋(/(5.& (5 :&1∗ ∗5 1∗7 ∋(/8∗∋.5∗/2( 6∗ ∗().& ∋(/κ5.∋& Ε(127+& ;7∗ ( ∋(/175(
ΓΗ 6∗ ./2∗)∗11∗ 6∗4∗ 4&).&) ∋(5 & )∗/6& )∗&+ Ε∗)∋&Ε.2& 6( Ε&Φ1 ΓΗ ∗ ∋(5 75 )∗+&2.4( 6∗
Ε)∗,(1 ΓΗ 6( 1∗2() ∗12∗ ∋(/2∗∆2( (:1∗)4& 75& 1=).∗ 6∗  (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 /∗11&1 4&).34∗.1
&( +(/≅( 6( 2∗5Ε(0 (:2∗/6( 75& 1∗;∴Ο/∋.& 6∗ )∗&+.Α&,Μ∗1 20 2 ∗ 2 ;7∗ 1&2.19&Α∗5 (

,ψζ∀{| #  ∋ ( Θ ,ψζ∀.| # ( } ,ψζ∀∼| # ( Ο|

5(6∗+( +(≅Θ+./∗&)Β

 ∗12& ∗∆Ε)∗11−( ( +(≅ = 2(5&6( /& :&1∗ /∗Ε∗).&/&0 ∋ Θ } 1−( Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(1
∗ Ο| (1 1−( ∗))(1 /−( ∋())∗+&∋.(/&6(10 /()5&+5∗/2∗ 6.12).:7Φ6(1 ∋(5 5=6.& Α∗)( ∗ 4&).ς/∋.&
∋(/12&/2∗      +≅7/1 )∗17+2&6(1 6( &<712∗ 6∗11∗ 5(6∗+( Ε∗+( 5=2(6( 6∗ 5Φ/.5(1
;7&6)&6(1 1−( &Ε)∗1∗/2&6(1 & 1∗≅7.)Β

11./&+∗ & (Ε,−( ;7∗ 63 ( 4&+() 6& ∗12&2Φ12.∋& /∗∋∗113).& Ε&)& ( 2∗12∗ 6& 8.ΕΧ2∗1∗
&Η 0



 
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044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

:Η 0
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2∗∆2( 1∗≅7./2∗ 6.Α )∗1Ε∗.2( Ν ;7∗12−(
(5 ( (:<∗2.4( 6∗ &4&+.&) (1 ∗9∗.2(1 6&1 4&).34∗.1 Ε)∗,( ∗ )∗/6& /( ∋(/175( Ε∗) ∋&Ε.2& 6(
1∗2() 2Ο∆2.+ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&6( Ε&Φ10 &<712(7Θ1∗0 72.+.Α&/6(Θ1∗ Ε&)& ∗11∗ 9.5 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 6∗ 

,−∀{| #  ∋ ( Θ ,−∀∼| # (  ,−∀.| # ( 7|

&/(10 ( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&)

   Ρ  
(/6∗ ,− )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& ( +(≅&).25( /∗Ε∗).&/( ∗0 ∋(5 :&1∗ ∗5  0 {| = 75 Φ/6.∋∗ 6∗
∋(/175( Ε∗) ∋&Ε.2&0 ∼| = ( ;7(∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 75 Φ/6.∋∗ 6∗ Ε)∗,( 6( 4∗1273).( Ε∗+( Φ/6.∋∗ 6∗
∋712( 6∗ 4.6&0 .| = & )∗/6& )∗&+ Ε∗) ∋&Ε.2&0 ∋ Θ 1 −( Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(1 ∗ (1 7| 1−(

6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6&    
)∗&+.Α&,Μ∗1 ./6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗1 6∗ 75& 4&).34∗+ &+∗&2Χ).& /()5&+ ∋(5 5=6.& Α∗)( ∗ 4&).ς/∋.&

6∗ ∼| ∗ .| ;7∗ 6∗12∗ 5(6( 1−( 2)&2&6&1 ∋(5( 9.∆&1 1 ∗12.5&2.4&1 6(1 Ε&)ς5∗2)(10 6∗ 1∗71
&<712∗ 6( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 9(. +∗4&6( & ∗9∗.2( ∋(/6.∋.(/&+5∗/2∗ Ν1 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1

6∗14.(1 Ε&6)−( :∗5 ∋(5( Ε&)2∗ 6& 2&:∗+& 6∗ &/3+.1∗ 6∗ 4&).ς/∋.& 1−( 6&6(1 & 1∗≅7.)Β

ŽΤ ρ Θ    
11./&+∗ & (Ε,−( ;7∗ 63 ( 4&+() 6& ∗12&2Φ12.∋& &11(∋.&6& &( 2∗12∗ 6∗

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044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

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(5 ( (:<∗2.4( 6∗ &4&+.&) (1 ∗9∗.2(1 6&1 4&).34∗.1 Ε)∗,( ∗ )∗/6& /( ∋(/175( Ε∗) ∋&Ε.2& 6(
1∗2() 2Ο∆2.+ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&6( Ε&Φ10 &<712(7Θ1∗0 72.+.Α&/6(Θ1∗ Ε&)& ∗11∗ 9.5 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 6∗ 

,−∀{| #  ∋ ( Θ ,−∀∼| # (  ,−∀.| # ( 7|

&/(10 ( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&)

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∋(/175( Ε∗) ∋&Ε.2&0 ∼| = ( ;7(∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 75 Φ/6.∋∗ 6∗ Ε)∗,( 6( 4∗1273).( Ε∗+( Φ/6.∋∗ 6∗
∋712( 6∗ 4.6&0 .| = & )∗/6& )∗&+ Ε∗) ∋&Ε.2&0 ∋ Θ 1 −( Ε&)ς5∗2)(1 6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6(1 ∗ (1 7| 1−(

6∗1∋(/8∗∋.6&    
)∗&+.Α&,Μ∗1 ./6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗1 6∗ 75& 4&).34∗+ &+∗&2Χ).& /()5&+ ∋(5 5=6.& Α∗)( ∗ 4&).ς/∋.&

6∗ ∼| ∗ .| ;7∗ 6∗12∗ 5(6( 1−( 2)&2&6&1 ∋(5( 9.∆&1 1 ∗12.5&2.4&1 6(1 Ε&)ς5∗2)(10 6∗ 1∗71
&<712∗ 6( 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 9(. +∗4&6( & ∗9∗.2( ∋(/6.∋.(/&+5∗/2∗ Ν1 (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1

6∗14.(1 Ε&6)−( :∗5 ∋(5( Ε&)2∗ 6& 2&:∗+& 6∗ &/3+.1∗ 6∗ 4&).ς/∋.& 1−( 6&6(1 & 1∗≅7.)Β

11./&+∗ & (Ε,−( ;7∗ 63 ( 4&+() 6( ∋(∗9.∋.∗/2∗ 6∗ 6∗2∗)5./&,−( 6( &<712∗ 6& )∗≅)∗11−(
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4&).34∗+ 6∗Ε∗/6∗/2∗0  4&).34∗.1 ∗∆Ε+.∋&2.4&1 ∗ ∋(5 :&1∗ ∗5  (:1∗)4&,Μ∗1 9()/∗∋∗7 &
./9()5&,−( 6∗ ;7∗ ( 4&+() 6& ∗12&2Φ12.∋& 0 72.+.Α&6& Ε&)& 4∗).9.∋&) & ∗∆.12Ο/∋.& 6& )∗≅)∗11−( =
.≅7&+ &   Ε()∋∗/2&≅∗5 ;7∗ & 4&).&,−( ∗∆Ε+.∋&6&0 9(/2∗ 6∗ 4&).&,−( 6∗4.6& Ν )∗≅)∗11−(0
)∗Ε)∗1∗/2& 6& 4&).&,−( 2(2&+ =
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044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

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9&5.+.&)0 &<712(7Θ1∗ ( 1∗≅7./2∗ 5(6∗+( 6∗ )∗≅)∗11−( +./∗&) 5Λ+2.Ε+&  Ω ε Ζ ε∆ Ζ ε∆ Ζ
ε∆ Ζ φ0 (/6∗  )∗Ε)∗1∗/2& ( ∋(/175( 6∗ )∗9).≅∗)&/2∗ ∗5 +.2)(10 Ε() 1∗5&/&0 ∆0 ( Ε)∗,(
6( )∗9).≅∗)&/2∗ ∗5 )∗&.10 ∆0 & 2∗5Ε∗)&27)& ∗5 ( ∗0 ∆0 & )∗/6& 9&5.+.&) ∗5 )∗&.10 Ε()
1∗5&/&

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5  ∋∃ <<7 0 9<:
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044.441.104-65 - mariana mazza batista


 
 


 

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