CE/ SQ! Waves P45 40. (1990-CE-PHY 1-5) ‘A vertical vibrator generates waves on a string, It takes 0.25 s to produce a complete wave of wavelength 0.8 m on the string (a) (by © Ww Find the frequency and speed of the waves on the string. (3 marks) Figure 6 shows the shape of the string at the instant when the vibrator has made one complete vibration. Vibrator 6 oy Figure 6 (2) Atthe instant shown, which of the particles A, B,C, D is/are (1) moving downwards, (2) atrest Gi) Sketch the shape of the string after 0.125 s, showing the position ofthe particles A . B,CandD. (marks) A cerfain point P on the string is fixed (0 the wall so that a stationary wave is formed. Figure 7 shows the string at the instant of maximum displacement. Diection of sbration Vibrator Figure? ()Deseribe the motion of particles X and Y at this instant (Gi) Skew the shape of the string after one quarter of a cycle (4 marks) The vibrating string in (e) also sets the neighbouring air vibrating. List two differences delween the waves an air and those on the string. marks)4 CBISQ! Waves P.246 (1991-CE-PHY I 4) 4 Microphone Pd CD To ascitoscope 1 1 Sigrat Keene ee r tar : I eq a Figure $ Figure 5 shows the experimental set-up to study the interference of sound, P, Q are two identical loudspeakers. PC = 2.05 m and QC = 2.31 m, (2) Initially only P is connected to the signal generator and sound is emitted, A microphone connected to an oscilloscope is placed at point C. Figure 6 shows the trace on the oscilloscope. The speed of sound in air is 325 ms", Find the frequency and wavelength of the sound. 4S marks) Oscilloscope Timobare/ Figure 6 (>) Now both P and Q are connected tu the signal generator and they emt sound of the same frequency and tensity ws in (a). Interference is observed when dhe microphone i shoved along AB 42) Is the interference ef sound al C constructive or destructive ? Explain sour answer Gi) Compared with (a), how do the pitef und loudness of the sound at C change’? (11) The waplitude of the trace on the aseilloscope is not sore at the positions of destructive interference, Suggest two possible teases (00) A student says that akeriate constructive and destructive interference will alse be cobserved alone XY. «i the mid-point oF PQ.) State whether his statement is tre oy false, Explain briefly U1 marks42. CEY SQ Waves P247 (1994-CE-PHY £- 5) Displacement fem az ° AR ime}s pet 02 02 Time Figure 9 A train of straight waves is gencrated in a ripple tank. Figure 9 shows the displacement-time raph of a cork placed in the water. The waves take 0.5 s to travel a distance of 12 ema. (a) Find the amplitude, frequeney, speed and wavelength of the waves, (5 marks) (b) Suggest one method to prevent water waves from bouncing back at the edges of the tank. (2 marks) (©) A barrier with an opening is placed in r the ripple tank and the waves travel towards it as shown in Figure 10 eye | (Copy Figure 10 into your answer book and sketch the wave patiem formed on the Sener ry thor side of the barrier. Cit) Name this wave phenomenon 7 - marks) nm eure 10 (‘The barrier in (e) 1s replaved by one with two smaller openings. a Figure 1 (1) Figure 11 shows the wave pattern ul a eeriain instant. OF the 4 points ALB, C.D. Stile a paint ef constructive mterference and a point of destructive interference. (0i) A student says that at a peant of constructive imerlerence, Is the student coneet ? Explann briefly rest 8 always formed. (S marks