| AMOS. THE STRUCTURE OF THE BOOK AS A WHOLE. (CRepeated Atternation.) 12. THE TITER, 614, LITERAL PROPHETIC. BAN Bil 740. SYMBOLIC, GRASSHOPPERS, FIRE, PLUMBLINE, A? |%102 LITERAL PROPHETIC, j Bi|S 1s. SYMBOLIC. BASKET OF SUMMER FRUIT, A S44, LITERAL, PROPHETIC. B84. SYMBOLIC. sTRIKIN A‘19 52, TITERAL PROPHETIC, G THE LINYEL, For the Caxosteat onter and place of the Prophets, see Ap 1 and p. 120%, ‘or the Craoxotosican order of the Prophets, seo Ap. 77 For tho Interrelation of the Prophetic Books, se Ap. 7 ‘For the Interrelation of the Minor (or Shorter) Prophets, soo p. 1206, or the Formas of prophetic wtterancos, Seo Ap. 52. Par references 10 the Pentateuch by the Prophets, see Ap. 92 | Avot corresponds to Hosea, the link being Jeroboam TE (2 Kings 14.27). Sea p.1206, A native of Juda, hho prophesiod in Israel (1. 1; 7-16) and againgt Ierach. As Jeroboam TI died in the fourteenth year of Useieh King of Judah, Amos was annong the earliest of all the prophets chronologically). ‘Hence ‘Tho references to Taracl's Religious History chow that the Taw and Commandments were known 2.4 though, rot kept, but despise (2-4); that Israel was oppressive (2 ©), impure (27), luxwrions (6. 1-¢) idolatrows (28): [that tiey fad bait eariior prophets (2.11)"7, 1; & it); thet Lareel alone knew the true God Ge 2); that Bethel ‘and Gilgal had been places of teanagresion (8 16) 4243 88) ‘Tho refaroncas to Israel's Intemal History show that the nation Bad once been one (8 1); that Joseph's history was well known (6. «); that the high placed of Larael wore known (1,1); aa was David (8) ‘The references to Israel's External History show that the Exodus was known (2 10; 8.2; 5.25: 0.7); that the nation had wantlored in the wilderness (2. 10; 5.28)s nud wore idolaters thers (623,26); that tbe Amorites fai been destroyed (2 9, 10); that Gilead (1,13) and Sodom (4 11) had been destroyed. ‘The references to the Ceremonial Law show that it ould not have been written after the days of Amos. Note tho references to Burnt offerings (4. ¢; 5.22), and the Altar of Burnt offerings (0 1); Meal offerings (5.22); Peace offerings (3 22); Thank offoringe (4 #); Froe-willefferings (A. 2); Feast dag (31); Beast of New AMoom (8.5); tho Sabbath laws (88); Inwa as to debt (6); tovows (ii, 12); to baldness for the dead (8.10); t0 pledges 8), and many other things, ‘As to the dating of Awos, itis “concerning Ianart in the days of Uerish and Jeroboam Il, two years before the earthquake” (ht ontemporary from the twenty-geventh year of Jeroboam till his forty-sceond ‘years (from TO1-08T ihe), See AD. 30. ‘The inference fs that tho earthquake and Tervboam's end coincide; and that the gap” of twenty-four years in tho history of Tsrael (soo Ap. 50, p. 69) was emised by, or in some way Felatod to, the earthquake {087 ».c), and bofore Zachariah hogan hie reign of six month: ‘Two years before the earthquako” would bo 659-696 (a jubilee yous). At that tine the prophecy of Amos commenced (060 mc. He declared the death of Jeroboam by the sword (7. 11} and the oaptiviey (1.13), whiel, | took placo aoventy-cight years inter (S11 nc) Possibly he was ‘chased out” of Tsraal into Judah by Amauiah the priest of Both-el, on the charge of treason against eroboam (7. 10-17); or he may have remained (most probably)and periabed in'the exrthquske ax there {sno reference to that eatastropho, which might be expocte if his prophecies had extended beyond that grent Inndmark in the history of Israel,” Te would, in that cago, follow that the period covered by Akos waa during | | thse each which woul be 650-87 a. ‘Tho death of Jeroboam TI presumably took place before, or about the time of, the earthquakea 2 AMOS. rns) “THE, words of, “Amos, who was among ) TITLE, 1 the words of Amo ooh A iMac’ Alles “Nhe | cr ne $57 | concerning “Israel °in the days of Uzziah king | Amos Burden. , jgneerning ‘Herael "in the days of Uzzinn King | Sorgtson shepherds, Heb. din eo ctloa from |SoatofToash king of Israel, twa years before |g eclae tcl ants then (wi Hoe oa “the carthquake, ge Steps nif thse wo nt pta | 2 And *he said, ©The LORD will ° roar from| places. But Amos was aloo a herdman, as is clea from A Dia) an esate The LON wl rons fo ah AE Wife Su ett nd ee | ™ and the “habitations of the “shepierds shall | "nected with ploughing (1 Kings 19.13, 21,4) See ‘mourn, and the "top of Carmel shall “wither oe a as on 3° Thus saith fthe Loeb; «For “three |schom, and teu trom deta Gps Same Ve transgressions of Damascus, and for four, | Chnin'30 se b| Twit not “turn away’ the punishment thereot;| RMEM=whichfmordsh a|becausge they have °thresbed Gilead ° with | Hoek 12» But the words threshing instruments of iron: Hert: is gives us the stot oft bk, »| 4 But °I will send a fire into the house of| Jerobeam, See Ie °Hazael, which shall devour the ° palaces of| two years before the earthquake: i.e. before the *Ben-hatad. one well known and remembered, Cp. Zech 14 5 I will break also °the bar of Damascus, | the earthquake. Wig. Zystersie. “Ap. 6. and cut off “the inhabitant from the plain of | 2 he ssid. ‘Thos writing the words down, “Aven, and him that holdeth the aceptre from | 7B6 LORD, “Heh Tcnowah.” Ap. 411. This tte ix the house of Eden: and the people of Syria | "ot the usual one in this book, “ af le people 0 ‘ont rour as lion, or tentr. Tes always, when ghail go into captivity unto “Kir,” saith Fthe] yredicated of the Loum, comected with the and of Lorp. Bentiio dominion. “Cp. des 38° an, Joel 8, im ywone. —__| Sitter give ot abliatlons=pastares, | shepherds, Not the same word asin os, but che usual word (ran tendem, ‘op of Carmel. Slouat Carmel in the north thos embracing the whole land; now dele mil; not Carmel in deh | ieouth of Hebron); now el Rural, Cp. Soin. 25.2. Isa 88 wither be aviel up. 1. 2-6. 14 (AY, 1201), LITERAL. PROPHETIC. (Division) AY /AL}i. 2216 Tomas Jodah, and other nations fe |SSo036, Tree! alone 1. 2-2, 16 (A, alove). ISRAEL, JUDAH, AND OTHER NATIONS, (Gpnatia Atternation, and Iniroverson ) Bi D![ 2-2, North. (Damaseas) [P's TT ete"Soath, "aan ‘er fitasam Miadlen lyre Be) ms ficasyit South. Gedo) | | pe [i.ta:te! Noh (Assmon) C:|'.0-8 Mia (ox) wy) mB 4a south Gadel) i 2.e-in' North, (sine) 1.2.5 (% above). NORTH, DAMA Dif a[os Transgretsions (General) [° Uy -siimertening. ‘ogtive) |aj-» Tranagressions’ (Partenias) | isfa threatening. (Positive) j 3 Thus saith the Lon. Jehovah's words: not the words of Amos. The prophetic formals. ee Ap. $2, | Seotho'tweive with Jetovabs in ves ov, i172 1,407 8 197 Bt; 165 evry and tho two with Afonal Tehovah nate Bt ‘uitee "four, "Hebrew idiom to express siveral, oF many’ (0 89, 3% | arg). Gp. Prov. 9:15 62 2, iranagressions, "He. pts \ A (Atternation) i Ap. 4. ix ‘turn away. turn it back, or avert ity | tHe punishment thereof, Thoreit no £lipets toe supplied, and no separate Heb, word for “thereat”, ‘The Heb. i# dahibonna, I will not conse itto turn back: jel will not avert it. ‘The pronoun “it” is masc., agrosing with and referring to earthquake (s.), and means that Jehovah ‘would not avortit. ‘So in all the eight occurrences (ev 6 9,11, 13; 21,4,9). threshed Gilead. "Op. ool 8.34. “Tho very term wed in 2Kinge 19.7. -withe[ag it were] with. Pig, Hypocwdastasla. Ap, 6 ‘AT will senda fire. Cp. 1.7,10,18; 24,6 Ref. tover. 17.01; 40,07; 50.32, Mok 81. Hi Gp.2 Kings 8.12; 10.52,83; 18.5," palaces: or fortresses, ‘Heb. ‘armim. Occurs (in pl.) twolvo ti Amos see Ap. 10); 1,4 7, 10,1214; 2,25 80,0, 10,1 6.87 aoven timewvith the var “devour” (eb Bon-hadad. An offical ttie of MhoSyrinn kings son of Hadad Le the sun-god, ‘Tho Benhadad of? Kings 38.5; notof? Kings §. 7-18 8 the bar, Note the Fig. Metalepsts Ap. 6), by which ‘* bar” is put by ig. Metatepas, Ap. 6, forthe gates, ana them the gates pat for defence of the city. Cp. Deut, 1 ings 455 Tor. bi. 0. Tain. 2.0 ‘the fuhabitant? or, him tha is texted is theraler, exvesponding swith the next line ‘Aven. Same ns Betheaven, east of Both-el, belonging to Benjamin. Cp. Hos Die; fens 00, Kir, Soins 2 Kings 16. the House of Bden ~ Beth Toa 28 6 |Be &. 1233) 1689-687 4 a Di 1. transgressions of °Gaza, and for four, ST will not turn away *the punishment thereof; Docause they carried away captive *the whole “captivity, to deliver them upto Edom : 7 But I will send a fire on the °wall of Gaza, ‘which shall devour the ‘ palaces thereof: 8 And I will cut off “the inhabitant from © Ashdod, and him that holdeth the sceptre from ° Ashkelon, and I will turn Mine hand against °Ekron: and the remnant of the Philistines shall perish, “saith °the Lord Gop. 9 Thus ‘saith *the LORD; “For *three transgressions of ° Tyrus, and for four, ‘Twill not turn away * the punishment thereof; because they delivered up *the whole captivity to Edom, and remembered not * the brotherly covenant: 10 But ‘I will send a fire on the "wall of Ty- tus, which shall devour the palaces thereof.” 11 Thus saith tthe Lorp; “For three + transgressions of "Edom, and for four, because he did pursue °his brother with the sword, and did cast off all pity, and hi did" tear perpetually, and "he kept for ever: 12 But I will send a fire upon °Teman, which shall devour the palaces of *Bozrah.” 13 *Thus saith *the LORD; «For, *three transgressions of the * children of * Ammon, and for four, ST will not turn away *¢he punishment thereof; bis wrath 3] because they have ripped up the women with child of Gilead, ° that they might enlarge their |. border: 14 But I will kindle a fire in the “wall of| °Rabbah, and it shall devour the ‘palaces thereof, with °shouting in “the day of battle, with a tempest in the day of the whirlwind : 15 And their king shall go into captivity, ° ge and his princes together, *saith the LORD. °Thus saith °the LORD; “For *three transgressions of °Moab, and for *four, * Iwill not turn away the puntshmentthereof; “because he burned the bones of the king of] ‘Edom into lime ‘Ammon. they might, tec Gp. 1 Sam. 113 (Gp. Jer 49.1, ripped up, &e. Pont (Den. 810,11) Ap. shouting =a ‘their foes tamultuotie ase, 18 Gi 5 Amos. 6 *Thus saith *the LORD; “For ‘three| Twill not turn away? the punishment thereof; | 14 Rabbah, "Now ‘Amman (on. of waters”, (wenty-Ave miles north of the Dend Ses. Cp. 2 Sam. Il, I,and 12-26 2 2.1. Lee @p 1mm, Soun, GAZA. ‘diterhation) BI) [tn Tranggresinn (eral) tyes tMateing. Segue) cfk'teampeeone’ (Enefeaiae) [alse Threatening. Positive) 6 Gaze. Now Gna in Pailin 1 itte Capvity a ole aptvty. capaivitycaptives” Yor typ Meangsy (of Ad sant "Ay 8h a ola boy of eating et ee eee ree walk? Pal ty Fig, Syncdoct (of Port Ae 6, fr tl whale ct 2 Aattiod Afterward called th Grock,“Anotoa™ ova Eatin te Din of Phin eee eas Borin Gea ‘Aahkcion. Now skola on the cont of Phin Biron. nerward, Greet “acenron face To) Now ain ett mieswost af Gece Rus Iason kins Ri ik bal it the bord Gon” Hob, AdonatZohovah, Ap 4, VII cand Thus Divine tie ncars entgee ey Cee! Reo ap tonchobak ice o Tek ee Sion th ann aer es eT oe ie Bes “dina Seow tbe 9, © 2.9, 10 Cy 1299, MIDDLE. TYRE ‘altrnatbn) Co [> Temmegrnions (Genera) eo LtReontag: Sortie ella ieamegeasions. (eeteaie) Wiha Binetening Geatine) 9 Tyron, Now eeStr Seo noteson tu 28 J.28.285 BM Bek es Tele fap rotheniy covenant’ n shcoant of brethren cpt anti Siu o ne 4121, 18 6% p80, SOUTH, Dow iteration Be) g [1 Teansgresnion(Ceperal) [Fh Tete Spt atic Tiansgresson arta {oh iMaTeedeesioo (pera 11 Edom, Cptia 2h; Sas Ter 4.e,8e. Book Beni Baa Nel 8 Obed Se Mae ee Decauso, fe. Ret, to Pent. (Gen. 27. 1. Cp. Deut, Bye ATM. Cp. Mal 12 his brother. Ref. to Pent, (Gen. 95. 24-26, tear perpetually or, tear (his prey) perpetually. Ginsburg thinks - kept his grudge. Cp. Chron. 28 1 he. "Tho 1611 edition of the A.V. omits “ho”, 12 Teman. Gp. Jor. 49.7. Obes. Hab 8%, Eli. rphas was Temanite Job 2.13, &e). ‘Bosrah.” Now ef usefrah, south-east of the Dead Sea, 1. 13-28 (D% p. 1982, NORTH, AMON, (lternation) i [tt Transgressions (General) ke [13 Threatening (Negative) 4 [18 Teanggressions.. (Particular) 14,16, Threatening. (Positive) 18 children sons. ‘Foretold in How 18,16 ve . 2 Kings 8.125 15.18, that io highlands of Gilead), “the city Jer. 49. Kel. ‘he day of battle: ie. the day of his priests, with Sept. ‘great war-cey. insburg thinks 2. 1-3 (C%,p. 1252, MIDDLE. MOAB, (Attemation,) 2/1 [1 Transgressions, General) m1 Threatening. -(Negative.) 1/1, Transgressions. (Particular) [2,5 Threatening. (Positive), | 2 Thus saith tho Lorp. Sce note on 1. the Lon. “Heb, Jehovah, Ap. 4.17 three ‘transgressions. Soo noteun 1s" " “Moab.” Gp. Isa. 15 and 16, Jer. 48 ‘See note on 1.s," the punishment thereof,