(43) International Publication Date
(12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBL
(19) World Intellectual Property
Orgai
International Bureau
Z
=
10 April 2014 (10.04.2014)
SHED UNDER TH
p PATE!
‘T COOPERATION TREATY (PCT)
ANOKA TA
(10) International Publication Number
WO 2014/053401 A2
WIPO|PCT
61)
en
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26)
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am
International Patent Classification
ADIN 43/56 (2006.01)
International Application Number:
Per
0131070154
al Filing Date:
27 September 2013 (
09.2013)
Filing Language: English
Publication Language: Pnelish
Priority Data:
61/708,059 1 October 2012(01.10.2012) us
617708061 1 October 2012 (01.10.2012) us
61/708,066 1 October 2012(01.10 2012) us
61/708,067 1 October 2012 (01.10.2012) us
6U708071 1 October 2012(01.10.2012) us
GU/729.387 22 November 2012 (22.11.2012) us
61/763,965 13 February 2013 (13.02.2013) us
61/763,966 pruary 2013 (13.02.2013) us
61/763,970 rary 2013 (13.02.2013) us
61/763,974 pruary 2013 (13.02.2013) us
61/763,978 13 February 2013 (13.02.2013) us
61/764,083 ruary 2013 (13.02.2013) Us.
6767831 pruary 2013 (22.02.2013) us
Applicant IDEDE| 67056 Ludwigshafen
(By
ms
sn)
(72) Inventors: KORBER, Karsten; Hintere Lisgewann 26,
69214 Eppelheim (DE). WACH, Jean-Yves; Kirchen-
strale 5, 68159 Manaheim (DE). KAISER, Flor
Spelzenstr. 9, 68167 Mannheim (DE). POHLMAN, Mat-
thias; Am Langenstein 13, 67251 Freinsbeim (DE),
DESHMUKH, Prashant; Meerfeldst. 62, 68163 Man
sheim (DE), CULBERTSON, Deborah L.: 6400 Vintage
Ridge Lane, Fuquay Varina, NC 27526 (US). ROGI
\W. David; 2804 Ashland Drive, Durham, NC 27705 (US),
GUNIIMA, Koshi; Heighths Tskara-3 205, 97Shirskawe:
cho, Toyohashi-ity, Aichi Prefecture 441-8021. OP).
DAVID, Michael; 5913 Greenevers Drive, Raleigh, NC
027613 (US). BRAUN, Franz Josef; 3602 Long Ridge
Road, Durham, NC 27703 (US),
Common Representative: BASF SE;
shafen (DE),
Designated States (unless otherwise Indicated, for every
lind of national protection available): AB, AG, AL, AM,
AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY,
BZ, CA; CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM,
DO, DZ, EC, FE, EG, BS, Fl, GB, GD, GP, GH, GM, GT,
HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IS, JP, KE, KG, KN, KP, KR
57086 Ludwig.
KZ, LA, LG, LK, LR, LS, LT, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME
MG, MK, MN, MW, MX,
TY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ,
"QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA,
SY, TH, TJ, TM,
{Continued on newt page)
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(87) Abstract: The present invention relates to
methods of improving plant health, and to meth
ds for reducing nitrous oxide emission from
soils, using authranilamide compounds of for
nul (I, wherein R!, B®, RF, RS, RP, RY, RY and
ae as defined in the description; and their mix-
tures and compositions.WO 2014/053401 A2 MINIM HKD 0 ACTA
‘TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, LV, MC, MK, MT, NL, NO, PL, PT, RO, RS, SE, SI, SK,
aw SM, TR), OAPI (BE, BI, CR, CG, Cl, CM, GA, GN, GO,
(84) Designated States (unless orherise indicated, for every ON» KM ML MR, NF, SN, TD. TG).
ind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, Published:
, LR, LS, MW, MZ, NA, RW, SD, SL, SZ, TZ,
| ZM, ZW), Furasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, RU, TI,
suropean (AL, AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, DK,
BE, BS, Fl, FR, GB, GR, HR, HU, IE, IS, IT, LT, LU,
without international search report and to be republished
‘upon rece'pt of that report (Rule 48.2(a))10
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Wo 2014/053401 1 PCr
Method of improving plant health
Description
The present invention relates to a composition comprising an anthranilamide compound of for-
mula (|), the use of this composition for improving plant health and a method for improving plant
health by treating a plant, its propagules or the locus where the plant is growing or is to grow
with the above composition.
The invention relates to to the use of the compounds of formula (|) itself and their stereoiso-
mers, salts, tautomers or N-oxides, especially their salts, and their mixtures, for increasing the
health of plants, for increasing the yield, the resistance against fungi or animal pests or external
factors like heat, cold or drought, and for increasing the quality of the crops and other parame-
ters. This also includes the use or method of reducing nitrous oxide emission from soils.
In crop protection, there is a continuous need for compositions that improve the health of plants,
Healthier plants are desirable since they result in better crop yields andlor a better quality of the
plants or crops. Healthier plants also better resist to biotic and/or abiotic stress. A high re-
sistance against biotic stresses in tum allows the person skilled in the art to reduce the quantity
of pesticides applied and consequently to slow down the development of resistances against
the respective pesticides.
twas therefore an object of the present invention to provide a pesticidal composition which
solves the problems outlined above. In particular, the composition should improve plant health.
The present invention is based on the surprising finding that a compound selected from the
chemical class of N-thio-anthranilamides can be successfully used to improve plant health.
Thus in the first aspect of the invention there is provided a method of improving plant health,
which method comprises applying at least one pesticidally active anthranilamide compound of
formula (I):
@
Sse
a” SO),
wherein
R'is selected from the group consisting of halogen, methyl and halomethyl;,10
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WO 2014/053401 2 PCT/EP2013/070154
R?
R!
R®is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, halomethyl and cy-
ano;
is selected from hydrogen, Ci-Ce alkyl, C1-Ce haloalkyl, Cz-Ce-alkenyl, CoCo-
haloalkenyl, Cx-Cs-alkinyl, Cz-Ce-haloalkinyl, Cs-Cs-cycloalkyl, Cx-Cs-halocycloalky!,
C1-Ce-alkoxy-Ci-Cyalkyl, Cr-Cs-haloalkoxy-C-Cx-alkyl,
C(=O)R®, C(=O)OR? and C(=O)NR°R
is hydrogen or halogen;
R®, R® are selected independently of one another from the group consisting of hydrogen,
R?
Re
Ci-Cro-alkyl, Cs-Co-cycloalkyl, CzCro-alkenyl, Cz-Crc-alkynyl, wherein the aforemen-
tioned aliphatic and cycloaliphatic radicals may be substituted with 1 to 10 substitu-
ents R®, and phenyl, which is unsubstituted or carries 1 to 5 substituents R’; or
Rand R® together represent a C2-Cr-alkylene, Cz-Cr-alkenylene or
Co-Ce-alkynylene chain forming together with the sulfur atom to which they are at-
tached a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-,7-, 8, 9- or 10-membered saturated, partially unsaturated or
fully unsaturated ring, wherein 1 to 4 of the CH. groups in the Cz-Cr-alkylene chain
or 1 to 4 of any of the CHz or CH groups in the CCr-alkenylene chain or 1 to 4 of
any of the CHe groups in the Cs-Ce-alkynylene chain may be replaced by 1 to 4
groups independently selected from the group consisting of C=O, C=S, O, S, N, NO,
SO, $O2 and NH, and wherein the carbon and/or nitrogen atoms in the Co-
Cralkylene, C-Cr-alkenylene or Cs-Ceralkynylene chain may be substituted with 1
to 5 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, cy-
ano, Ci-Cevalkyl, C1-Ce-haloalkyl, Ci-Ce-alkoxy, Cr-Ce-haloalkoxy, C1-Ce-alkylthio,
Cr-Ce-haloalkylthio, Cs-Cs-cycloalkyl, Ca-Cs-halocycloalkyl, CzCe-alkenyl, C-Ce-
haloalkenyl, Co-Ce-alkynyl and C2-Ce-haloalkynyl; said substituents being identical or
different from one another if more than one substituent is present;
is selected from the group consisting of bromo, chloro, difluoromethyl, trifluorome-
thyl, nitro, cyano, OCHs, OCHF2, OCH2F, OCH.CFs, S(=O).CHs, and S(=O).CFs;
is selected from the group consisting of C1-Ce-alkyl, CxCe-alkenyl, Cz-Ce-alkinyl, Cor
Ce-cycloalkyl, Ci-Ce-alkoxy, Cr-Ce-alkyithio, Ci-Ce-alkylsulfinyl, Ci-Cs-alkylsulfonyl,
wherein one or more CH2 groups of the aforementioned radicals may be replaced by
a C=O group, andlor the aliphatic and cycloaliphatic moieties of the aforementioned
radicals may be unsubstituted, partially or fully halogenated and/or may carry 1 or 2
substituents selected from C1-Cx alkoxy;
phenyl, benzyl, pyridyl and phenoxy, wherein the last four radicals may be unsubsti-
tuted, partially or fully halogenated and/or carry 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected from
C1-Ce-alkyl, Cr-Ce-haloalkyl, C1-Cs-alkoxy, C1-Ce-haloalkoxy, (C1-Ce-alkoxy)carbonyl,
C1-Ce-alkylamino and di(C1-Ce-alkyl)amino,10
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Wo 20147053401 3 Pcl
Re
Re
2013/070154
is selected from the group consisting of C1-Ce-alkyl, C-Ceralkenyl, Co-Ce-alkinyl, Cx-
Ce-cycloalkyl, C1-Ce-alkoxy, C1-Ce-alkylthio, C1-Cs-alkyisulfinyl, C1-Ce-alkylsulfonyl,
wherein one or more CHe groups of the aforementioned radicals may be replaced by
a C=O group, and/or the aliphatic and cycloaliphatic moieties of the aforementioned
radicals may be unsubstituted, partially or fully halogenated and/or may carry 1 or 2
substituents selected from C:-Ce-alkoxy;
phenyl, benzyl, pyridyl and phenoxy, wherein the last four radicals may be unsubsti-
tuted, partially or fully halogenated and/or carry 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected from
Cr-Ce-alkyl, Cr-Cs-haloalkyl, C1-Ce-alkoxy, C1-Ce-haloalkoxy and (C1-Ce-
alkoxy)carbonyl;
Ré are, independently from one another and independently of each occurrence, se-
lected from the group consisting of hydrogen, cyano, Ci-Ce-alkyl, Co-Cs-alkenyl, Co-
Ce-alkinyl, Cs-Cs-cycloalkyl, wherein one or more CHe groups of the aforementioned
radicals may be replaced by a C=O group, and/or the aliphatic and cycloaliphatic
moieties of the aforementioned radicals may be unsubstituted, partially or fully halo-
genated and/or may carry 1 or 2 radicals selected from C1-C-alkoxy;
Ci-Ce-alkoxy, Ci-Ce-haloalkoxy, Ci-Ce-alkylthio, C:-Ce-alkylsutfinyl, Ci-Co-
alkylsulfonyl, C1-Ce-haloalkylthio, phenyl, benzyl, pyridyl and phenoxy, wherein the
four last mentioned radicals may be unsubstituted, partially or fully halogenated
and/or carry 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected from Ci-Ce-alkyl, C1-Ce-haloalkyl, C1-Ce-
alkoxy, C1-Cs haloalkoxy and (C1-Cs-alkoxy}oarbonyl; or
Re and Ré, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bound, may form a 3-,
4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered saturated, partially unsaturated or fully unsaturated hetero-
cyclic ring which may additionally contain 1 or 2 further heteroatoms or heteroatom
groups selected from N, O, S, NO, SO and SOz, as ring members, where the heter-
ocyclic ring may optionally be substituted with halogen, C:-C.rhaloalkyl, C1-Ca-
alkoxy or C1-Ci-haloalkoxy;
is independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, nitro, -OH, -
SH, -SCN, Ci-Ce-alkyl, Co-Ce-alkenyl, CrCe-alkinyl, Cs-Ca-cycloalkyl, wherein one or
more CHe groups of the aforementioned radicals may be replaced by a C=O group,
and/or the aliphatic and cycloaliphatic moieties of the aforementioned radicals may
be unsubstituted, partially or fully halogenated and/or may carry 1 or 2 radicals se-
lected from C1-Cs alkoxy;
Ci-Ce-alkoxy, Ci-Ce-haloalkoxy, C-Ce-alkylthio, C:-Ce-alkylsutfinyl, Ci-Co-
alkylsulfonyl, C1-Ce-haloalkylthio, -OR®, -NR°R®, -S(O)sR*, -S(O)sNR°RY,
-C(=O)R®, -C(=O)NR&R®, -C(=O)OR?, -C(=S)R*, -C(=S)NR°R*, -C(=S)OR?,
-C(=S)SR°, -C(=NR®)R°, -C(=NR®)NR°R¥, phenyl, benzyl, pyridyl and phenoxy,
wherein the last four radicals may be unsubstituted, partially or fully halogenated
and/or carry 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected from C1-Ce-alkyl, Cr-Ce-haloalkyl, Cr-Cs-
alkoxy and C1-Cs-haloalkoxy; or
two vicinal radicals R® together form a group =O, =CH(C1-Cr-alky!)
alkyl)C1-Ce-alkyl, =N(C1-Cevalkyl) or =NO(C1-Ce-alkyl);
=C(Cr-Cx-10
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R'__ is independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, nitro, -OH, -
SH, -SCN, C1-Ce-alkyl, Cx-Ce-alkenyl, CxCe-alkinyl, Cs-Ca-cycloalkyl, wherein one or
more CHe groups of the aforementioned radicals may be replaced by a C=O group,
and/or the aliphatic and cycloaliphatic moieties of the aforementioned radicals may
be unsubstituted, partially or fully halogenated and/or may carry 1 or 2 radicals se-
lected from C1-Cs alkoxy;
C1-Ce-alkoxy, C1-Cs-haloalkoxy, C1-Ce-alkylthio, C:-Ce-alkylsulfinyl, C1-Ce-
alkylsulfonyl, C1-Cs-haloalkylthio, -OR2, -NRR, -S(O)sR®, -S(O),NR°R4,
-C(=O)R®, -C(=O)NR®R®, -C(=O)OR®, -C(=S)R*, -C(=S)NR°R’, -C(=S)OR?,
-C(=S)SR®, -C(=NR°)R°, and -C(=NR°)NRRs,
k — isOort;
nis 0, 10r2;
or a stereoisomer, salt, tautomer or N-oxide, or a polymorphic crystalline form, a co-crystal
or a solvate of a compound or a stereoisomer, salt, tautomer or N-oxide thereof.
Accordingly, the present invention relates to the use of a compound of formula (|) as defined
herein, or a stereoisomer, salt, tautomer or N-oxide thereof, or a composition comprising it,
for improving the plant health of at least one plant variety.
‘Compounds of formula I
WO 2007/006670, describes N-thio-anthranilamide compounds with a sulfilimine or sulfoximine
group and their use as pesticides. PCT/EP2012/065650, PCT/EP2012/065651, and the un-
published applications US 61/578267, US 61/593897 and US 61/651050 describe certain N-
Thio-anthranilamide compounds and their use as pesticides.
PCTIEP2012/065648, PCT/EP2012/065649 and EP11189973.8 describe processes for the syn-
thesis of N-Thio-anthranilamide compounds.
However, although the anthranilamide compounds of formula (|) themselves and their combined
application with other insecticides are known to have shown activity against certain crop damag-
ing insect pests, the compounds of formula | and some of their selected mixtures with pesticidal-
ly active compounds (I!) have not yet been described for solving discussed problems as men-
tioned above.
The compounds of formula | as well as the terms "compounds for methods according to the
(present) invention”, "compounds according to the (present) invention" or "compounds of formu-
ta (1)" or “compound(s) II", which all compound(s) are applied in methods and uses according to
the present invention comprise the compound(s) as defined herein as well as a known stereoi-
‘somer, salt, tautomer or N-oxide thereof.10
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The term "composition(s) according to the invention" or "composition(s) of the present invention’
‘encompasses composition(s) comprising at least one compound of formula | or mixtures of the
‘compounds of formula | with other pesticidally active compound(s) II for being used and/or ap-
plied in methods according to the invention as defined above.
Depending on the substitution pattern, the compounds of the formula (I) may have one or more
centers of chirality, in which case they are present as mixtures of enantiomers or diastereomers.
The invention provides both the pure enantiomers or pure diastereomers of the compounds of
formula (I), and their mixtures and the use according to the invention of the pure enantiomers or
pure diastereomers of the compound of formula (I) or its mixtures. Suitable compounds of the
formula (|) also include all possible geometrical stereoisomers (cis/trans isomers) and mixtures
thereof. Cis/trans isomers may be present with respect to an alkene, carbon-nitrogen double-
bond, nitrogen-sulfur double bond or amide group. The term "stereoisomer(s)" encompasses
both optical isomers, such as enantiomers or diastereomers, the latter existing due to more than
‘one center of chirality in the molecule, as well as geometrical isomers (cis/trans isomers).
Salts of the compounds of the present invention are preferably agriculturally and veterinarily
acceptable salts. They can be formed ina customary method, e.g. by reacting the compound
with an acid if the compound of the present invention has a basic functionality or by reacting the
‘compound with a suitable base if the compound of the present invention has an acidic function-
ality.
In general, suitable “agriculturally useful salts” or “agriculturally acceptable salts" are especially
the salts of those cations or the acid addition salts of those acids whose cations and anions,
respectively, do not have any adverse effect on the action of the compounds according to the
present invention. Suitable cations are in particular the ions of the alkali metals, preferably lithi-
um, sodium and potassium, of the alkaline earth metals, preferably calcium, magnesium and
barium, and of the transition metals, preferably manganese, copper, zinc and iron, and also
ammonium (NHs*) and substituted ammonium in which one to four of the hydrogen atoms are
replaced by Cr-Ce-alkyl, C1-C-hydroxyalkyl, C1-Ci-alkoxy, Cr-Cr-alkoxy-Cr-Ce-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci-
Ce-alkoxy-C1-Cralkyl, phenyl or benzyl. Examples of substituted ammonium ions comprise me-
thylammonium, isopropylammonium, dimethylammonium, diisopropylammonium, trime-
thylammonium, tetramethylammonium, tetraethylammonium, tetrabutylammonium, 2-
hydroxyethylammonium, 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethykammonium, bis(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium,
benzyltrimethylammonium and benzyltriethylammonium, furthermore phosphonium ions, sul
fonium ions, preferably tri(C1-C.-alkyl)sulfonium, and sulfoxonium ions, preferably tri(Ci-Ce-
alky!)sulfoxonium,
‘Anions of useful acid addition salts are primarily chloride, bromide, fluoride, hydrogen sulfate,
sulfate, dihydrogen phosphate, hydrogen phosphate, phosphate, nitrate, hydrogen carbonate,
carbonate, hexafluorosilicate, hexafluorophosphate, benzoate, and the anions of C1-Cr-alkanoic
acids, preferably formate, acetate, propionate and butyrate. They can be formed by reacting the
‘compounds of the formulae | with an acid of the corresponding anion, preferably of hydrochloric
acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid or nitric acid.
The compounds of the formula (I) may be present in the form of their N-oxides. The term “N-10
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oxide” includes any compound of the present invention which has at least one tertiary nitrogen
atom that is oxidized to an N-oxide moiety. N-oxides of compounds (|) can in particular be pre-
pared by oxidizing the ring nitrogen atom(s) of the pyridine ring and/or the pyrazole ring with a
suitable oxidizing agent, such as peroxo carboxylic acids or other peroxides. The person skilled
in the art knows if and in which positions compounds of the formula (|) of the present invention
may form N-oxides.
‘The compounds of the present invention may be amorphous or may exist in one ore more dif-
ferent crystalline states (polymorphs) which may have different macroscopic properties such as
stability or show different biological properties such as activities. The present invention includes
both amorphous and crystalline compounds of formula (|), their enantiomers or diastereomers,
mixtures of different crystalline states of the respective compound of formula (I), its enantiomers
or diastereomers, as well as amorphous or crystalline salts thereof.
The term "co-crystal" denotes a complex of the compounds according to the invention or a ste-
reoisomer, salt, tautomer or N-oxide thereof, with one or more other molecules (preferably one
molecule type), wherein usually the ratio of the compound according to the invention and the
other molecule is a stoichiomettic ratio.
The term "solvate" denotes a co-complex of the compounds according to the invention, or a
stereoisomer, salt, tautomer or N-oxide thereof, with solvent molecules. The solvent is usually
liquid. Examples of solvents are methanol, ethanol, toluol, xylol. A preferred solvent which forms
solvates is water, which solvates are referred to as “hydrates”. A solvate or hydrate is usually
characterized by the presence of a fixed number of n molecules solvent per m molecules com-
pound according to the invention
The organic moieties mentioned in the above definitions of the variables are - like the term hal-
‘gen - collective terms for individual listings of the individual group members. The prefix Ci-Cm
indicates in each case the possible number of carbon atoms in the group.
The term halogen denotes in each case fluorine, bromine, chlorine or iodine, in particular fluo-
rine, chlorine or bromine.
The term “partially or fully halogenated” will be taken to mean that 1 or more, €.. 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5
or all of the hydrogen atoms of a given radical have been replaced by a halogen atom, in partic-
ular by fluorine or chlorine. A partially or fully halogenated radical is termed below also "halo-
radical’. For example, partially or fully halogenated alkyl is also termed haloalkyl.
The term "alkyl" as used herein (and in the alkyl moieties of other groups comprising an alkyl
group, e.g. alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl and alkoxyalkyl) denotes in
each case a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having usually from 1 to 12 or 1 to 10 carbon
atoms, frequently from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms and in particular
from 1 to 3 carbon atoms. Examples of C1-Cr-alkyl are methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl,
2-butyl (sec-butyl), isobutyl and tert-butyl. Examples for C1-Cs-alkyl are, apart those mentioned
for C1-Cx-alkyl, n-pentyl, 1-methylbutyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl,
‘Lethylpropyl, n-hexyl, 1,1-dimethylpropyl, 1,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl,
3-methylpentyl, 4-methylpentyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylbutyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 2,2-
dimethylbutyl, 2,3-dimethylbuty|, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 1-ethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 1,1,2-10
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trimethylpropyl, 1,2,2-trimethylpropyl, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropyl and 1-ethyl-2-methylpropyl. Exam-
ples for C1-Cic-alkyl are, apart those mentioned for C1-Cs-alkyl, n-heptyl, 1-methylhexyl, 2-
methylhexyl, 3-methylhexyl, 4-methylhexyl, 5-methylhexyl, 1-ethylpentyl, 2-ethylpentyl, 3-
ethylpentyl, n-octyl, 1-methyloctyl, 2-methylheptyl, 1-ethylhexyl, 2-ethylhexyl, 1,2-dimethylhexyl,
‘-propylpentyl, 2-propylpentyl, nonyl, decyl, 2-propylhepty! and 3-propylhepty/
The term "alkylene" (or alkanediyl) as used herein in each case denotes an alkyl radical as de-
fined above, wherein one hydrogen atom at any position of the carbon backbone is replaced by
‘one further binding site, thus forming a bivalent moiety.
The term “haloalkyl” as used herein (and in the haloalkyl moieties of other groups comprising a
haloalkyl group, e.g. haloalkoxy, haloalkylthio, haloalkyicarbonyl, haloalkyisulfonyl and haloal-
kylsulfinyl) denotes in each case a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having usually from 1
to 10 carbon atoms ("C1-Cio-haloalkyl"), frequently from 1 to 6 carbon atoms ("C1-Ce-haloalky!"),
more frequently 1 to 4 carbon atoms ("Ci-Cio-haloalkyl"), wherein the hydrogen atoms of this
group are partially or totally replaced with halogen atoms. Preferred haloalkyl moieties are se-
lected from C1-Ci-haloalkyl, more preferably from C:-Co-haloalkyl, more preferably from halome-
thyl, in particular from C1-Czfluoroalkyl. Halomethyl is methyl in which 1, 2 or 3 of the hydrogen
atoms are replaced by halogen atoms. Examples are bromomethyl, chloromethyl, dichlorome-
thyl, trichloromethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, chlorofluoromethyl, dichloro-
fluoromethyl, chlorodifluoromethyl and the like. Examples for C1-Crfluoroalkyl are fluoromethyl,
difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, 1-fluoroethyl, 2-fluoroethyl, 2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl,
pentafluoroethyl, and the like. Examples for C:-C2-haloalkyl are, apart those mentioned for C1-
C-fluoroalkyl, chloromethyl, dichloromethyl, trichloromethyl, bromomethyl, chlorofluoromethyl,
dichlorofluoromethyl, chlorodifiuoromethyl, 1-chloroethyl, 2-chloroethyl, 2,2,-dichloroethyl, 2,2,2-
trichloroethyl, 2-chloro-2-fluoroethyl, 2-chloro-2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2-dichloro-2-fluoroethyl, 1-
bromoethyl, and the like. Examples for C1-C.-haloalkyl are, apart those mentioned for Ci-C=
haloalkyl, 1-fluoropropyl, 2-fluoropropyl, 3-fluoropropyl, 3,3-difluoropropyl, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl,
heptafluoropropyl, 1,1,1-triluoroprop-2-y1, 3-chloropropyl, 4-chlorobutyl and the like.
The term "cycloalkyl" as used herein (and in the cycloalkyl moieties of other groups comprising
a cycloalkyl group, e.g. cycloalkoxy and cycloalkylalkyl) denotes in each case a mono- or bicy-
clic cycloaliphatic radical having usually from 3 to 10 carbon atoms ("Cx-Cic-oycloalkyl"), prefer-
ably 3 to 8 carbon atoms ("Ca-Cs-cycloalky!") or in particular 3 to 6 carbon atoms ("Cs-Ce~
cycloalkyl"). Examples of monocyclic radicals having 3 to 6 carbon atoms comprise cyclopropyl,
cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl. Examples of monocyclic radicals having 3 to 8 carbon
atoms comprise cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl and cyclooctyl. Ex-
amples of bicyclic radicals having 7 or 8 carbon atoms comprise bicyclof2.1.1]hexyl, bicy-
clof2.2. tJheptyl, bicyclo[3.1.1}heptyl, bicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl, bicyclo[2.2.2}octyl and bicy-
olo[3.2. 1Joctyl.
The term "cycloalkylene” (or cycloalkanediyl) as used herein in each case denotes an cycloalkyl
radical as defined above, wherein one hydrogen atom at any position of the carbon backbone is
replaced by one further binding site, thus forming a bivalent moiety.
The term "halocycloalkyl" as used herein (and in the halocycloalkyl moieties of other groups
‘comprising an halocycloalkyl group, e.g. halocycloalkyimethyl) denotes in each case a mono- or
bicyclic cycloaliphatic radical having usually from 3 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably 3 to 8 carbon
atoms or in particular 3 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein at least one, ¢.g. 1, 2, 3, 4 oF 5 of the hydro-10
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gen atoms are replaced by halogen, in particular by fluorine or chlorine. Examples are 1- and 2-
fluorocyclopropyl, 1,2-, 2,2- and 2,3-difluorocyclopropyl, 1,2,2-trifluorocyclopropyl, 2,2,3,3-
tetrafiuorocyclpropyl, 1- and 2-chlorocyclopropyl, 1,2-, 2,2- and 2,3-dichlorocyclopropyl, 1,2,2-
trichlorocyclopropyl, 2,2,3,3+tetrachlorocyclpropyl, 1-,2- and 3-fluorocyclopentyl, 1,2-, 2,2-, 2,
3,3-, 3,4+, 2,5-difluorocyclopentyl, 1-,2- and 3-chlorocyclopentyl, 1,2-, 2,2-, 2,3+, 3,3-, 3.4, 2,5-
dichlorocyclopentyl and the like.
The term "cycloalky!-alky!" used herein denotes a cycloalkyl group, as defined above, which is
bound to the remainder of the molecule via an alkylene group. The term "Cs-Ca-cycloalkylCi-
Crealkyl" refers to a Ca-Ce-cycloalkyl group as defined above which is bound to the remainder of
the molecule via a C1-C-alkyl group, as defined above. Examples are cyclopropyimethyl, cyclo-
propylethyl, cyclopropylpropyl, cyclobutylmethyl, cyclobutylethyl, cyclobutylpropyl, cyclopen-
tylmethyl, cyclopentylethyl, cyclopentylpropyl, cyclohexylmethyl, cyclohexylethyl, cyclohexylpro-
pyl, and the like.
The term "alkenyl" as used herein denotes in each case a monounsaturated straight-chain or
branched hydrocarbon radical having usually 2 to 10 ("C2-Cro-alkeny!"), preferably 2 to 6 carbon
atoms ("Cz-Ce-alkeny!"), in particular 2 to 4 carbon atoms ("Cz-C.-alkeny!"), and a double bond
in any position, for example C2-C.-alkenyl, such as ethenyl, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, 1-
methylethenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 1-methyl-1-propenyl, 2-methyl-t-propenyl, 1-
methyl-2-propenyl or 2-methyl-2-propenyl; C-Cevalkenyl, such as ethenyl, 1-propenyl, 2-
propenyl, 1-methylethenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 1-methyl-t-propenyl, 2-methyl-1-
propenyl, 1-methyl2-propenyl, 2-methyl-2-propenyl, 1-pentenyl, 2-pentenyl, 3-pentenyl, 4-
pentenyl, 1-methyl-1-butenyl, 2-methyl-1-butenyl, 3-methyi-1-butenyl, 1-methyl-2-butenyl,
2-methyl-2-butenyl, 3-methyl-2-butenyl, 1-methyl-3-butenyl, 2-methyl-3-butenyl, 3-methyl-3-
butenyl, 4,1-dimethyl-2-propenyl, 1,2-dimethyl-t-propenyl, 1,2-dimethyl-2-propenyl, 1-ethyl-1-
propenyl, 1-ethyl-2-propenyl, 1-hexenyl, 2-hexenyl, 3-hexenyl, 4-hexenyl, 5-hexenyl, 1-methyl
1-pentenyl, 2-methyl-1-pentenyl, 3-methyl-1-pentenyl, 4-methyl-1-pentenyl, 1-methyl-2-
pentenyl, 2-methyl-2-pentenyl, 3-methyl-2-pentenyl, 4-methyl-2-pentenyl, 1-methyl-3-penteny/l,
2-methyl-3-pentenyl, 3-methyl-3-pentenyl, 4-methyl-3-pentenyl, 1-methyl-4-pentenyl, 2-methyl-
4-pentenyl, 3-methyl-4-pentenyl, 4-methyl-4-pentenyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 1,1-dimethyl-3-
butenyl, 1,2-dimethyl-1-butenyl, 1,2-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 1,2-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 1,3-dimethy!
butenyl, 4,3-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 1,3-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 2,2-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 2,3-dimethyl
butenyl, 2,3-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 2,3-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 3,3-dimethyl-1-butenyl, 3,3-dimethyl-2-
butenyl, 4-ethyl-1-butenyl, 4-ethyl-2-butenyl, 4-ethyl-3-butenyl, 2-ethyl-1-butenyl,
2-ethyl-2-butenyl, 2-ethy!-3-butenyl, 1,1,2-trimethyl2-propenyl, 1-ethyl-1-methyl-2-propenyl, 1-
ethyl-2-methyl-1-propenyl, 1-ethyl2-methyl-2-propenyl and the like, or Cz-Cro-alkenyl, such as.
the radicals mentioned for C-Ce-alkenyl and additionally 1-heptenyl, 2-heptenyl, 3-heptenyl, 1-
coctenyl, 2-octenyl, 3-octenyl, 4-octenyl, 1-nonenyl, 2-nonenyl, 3-nonenyl, 4-nonenyl, 1-decenyl
2-decenyl, 3-decenyl, 4-decenyl, 5-decenyl and the positional isomers thereof.
The term “alkenylene" (or alkenediyl) as used herein in each case denotes an alkenyl radical as
defined above, wherein one hydrogen atom at any position of the carbon backbone is replaced
by one further binding site, thus forming a bivalent moiety.
The term "haloalkenyl" as used herein, which may also be expressed as "alkenyl which may be
substituted by halogen", and the haloalkeny! moieties in haloalkenyloxy, haloalkenylcarbonyl
and the like refers to unsaturated straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon radicals having 2 to10
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10 ("Cz-Cio-haloalkeny!") or 2 to 6 ("Cz-Ce-haloalkenyl") or 2 to 4 ("Cz-C.-haloalkenyl") carbon
atoms and a double bond in any position, where some or all of the hydrogen atoms in these
groups are replaced by halogen atoms as mentioned above, in particular fluorine, chlorine and
bromine, for example chlorovinyl, chloroallyl and the like.
The term "alkynyl" as used herein denotes unsaturated straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon
radicals having usually 2 to 10 ("Co-Cro-alkynyl"), frequently 2 to 6 ("Cz-Ce-alkyny!"), preferably 2
to 4 carbon atoms ("C2-C.-alkynyl") and one or two triple bonds in any position, for example C2-
Crealkynyl, such as ethynyl, 1-propynyl, 2-propynyl, 1-butynyl, 2-butynyl, 3-butynyl, 1-methyl-2-
propynyl and the like, Co-Ce-alkynyl, such as ethynyl, 1-propynyl, 2-propynyl, 1-butynyl, 2-
butynyl, 3-butynyl, 1-methyl-2-propynyl, 1-pentynyl, 2-pentynyl, 3-pentynyl, 4-pentynyl, 1-
methyl-2-butynyl, 1-methyl-3-butynyl, 2-methyi-3-butynyl, 3-methyl1-butynyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-
propynyl, 1-ethyl-2-propynyl, 1-hexynyl, 2-hexynyl, 3-hexynyl, 4-hexynyl, S-hexynyl, 1-methyl-2-
pentynyl, 1-methyl-3-pentynyl, 1-methyl-4-pentynyl, 2-methyl-3-pentynyl, 2-methyl-4-pentynyl, 3-
methyl-1-pentynyl, 3-methyl-4-pentynyl, 4-methyl-1-pentynyl, 4-methy-2-pentynyl, 1,1-dimethyl-
2-butynyl, 4,1-dimethyl-3-butynyl, 1,2-dimethyl-3-butynyl, 2,2-dimethyl-3-butynyl, 3,3-dimethyl-1-
butynyl, 1-ethyl-2-butynyl, 1-ethyl-3-butynyl, 2-ethyl-3-butynyl, 1-ethyl-1-methyl-2-propynyl and
the like.
The term “alkynylene" (or alkynediyl) as used herein in each case denotes an alkynyl radical as
defined above, wherein one hydrogen atom at any position of the carbon backbone is replaced
by one further binding site, thus forming a bivalent moiety.
The term "haloalkynyl" as used herein, which is also expressed as “alkynyl which may be sub-
stituted by halogen’, refers to unsaturated straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon radicals hav-
ing iusually 3 to 10 carbon atoms ("C2-Cio-haloalkynyl"), frequently 2 to 6 ("C2-Cs-haloalkyny!"),
preferabyl 2 to 4 carbon atoms ("C2-C-haloalkynyl"), and one or two triple bonds in any position
(as mentioned above), where some or all of the hydrogen atoms in these groups are replaced
by halogen atoms as mentioned above, in particular fluorine, chlorine and bromine.
The term "alkoxy" as used herein denotes in each case a straight-chain or branched alkyl group
usually having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms ("C1-Cro-alkoxy"), frequently from 1 to 6 carbon atoms
("C1-Ce-alkoxy"), preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms ("C1-C.-alkoxy"), which is bound to the remain-
der of the molecule via an oxygen atom. C1-Cz-Alkoxy is methoxy or ethoxy. C1-Cs-Alkoxy is
additionally, for example, n-propoxy, 1-methylethoxy (isopropoxy), butoxy, 1-methylpropoxy
(sec-butoxy), 2-methylpropoxy (isobutoxy) or 1,1-dimethylethoxy (tert-butoxy). C1-Ce-Alkoxy is.
additionally, for example, pentoxy, 1-methylbutoxy, 2-methylbutoxy, 3-methylbutoxy, 1,1-
dimethylpropoxy, 1,2-dimethylpropoxy, 2,2-dimethylpropoxy, 1-ethylpropoxy, hexoxy, 1-
methylpentoxy, 2-methylpentoxy, 3-methylpentoxy, 4-methylpentoxy, 1,1-dimethylbutoxy, 1,2-
dimethylbutoxy, 1,3-dimethylbutoxy, 2,2-dimethylbutoxy, 2,3-dimethylbutoxy,
3,3-dimethylbutoxy, 1-ethylbutoxy, 2-ethylbutoxy, 1,1,2-trimethylpropoxy, 1,2,2-
trimethylpropoxy, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropoxy or 1-ethyl-2-methylpropoxy. C1-Cs-Alkoxy is addition-
ally, for example, heptyloxy, octyloxy, 2-ethylhexyloxy and positional isomers thereof. Ci-Cio-
Alkoxy is additionally, for example, nonyloxy, decyloxy and positional isomers thereof.
The term "haloalkoxy" as used herein denotes in each case a straight-chain or branched alkoxy
group, as defined above, having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms ("C1-Cio-haloalkoxy"), frequently
from 1 to 6 carbon atoms ("Ci-Cs-haloalkoxy"), preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms ("C1-Ce-
haloalkoxy"), more preferably 1 to 3 carbon atoms ("Ci-C:-haloalkoxy"), wherein the hydrogen10
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atoms of this group are partially or totally replaced with halogen atoms, in particular fluorine at-
oms. C1-Cx-Haloalkoxy is, for example, OCH2F, OCHF2, OCFs, OCH-CI, OCHCl,, OCCls,
chlorofluoromethoxy, dichlorofiuoromethoxy, chlorodifiuoromethoxy, 2-fluoroethoxy, 2-
chloroethoxy, 2-bromoethoxy, 2-iodoethoxy, 2,2-difluoroethoxy, 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy, 2-chloro-2-
fluoroethoxy, 2-chloro-2,2-difluoroethoxy, 2,2-dichloro-2-fluoroethoxy, 2,2,2-trichloroethoxy or
OC-Fs, C1-Cs-Haloalkoxy is additionally, for example, 2-fluoropropoxy, 3-fluoropropoxy, 2.2-
difluoropropoxy, 2,3-difluoropropoxy, 2-chloropropoxy, 3-chloropropoxy, 2,3-dichloropropoxy, 2-
bromopropoxy, 3-bromopropoxy, 3,3,3-trifluoropropoxy, 3,3,3-trichloropropoxy, OCH2-CaFs,
OCF 2-CoFs, 1-(CH2F)-2-fluoroethoxy, 1-(CH:Cl)-2-chloroethoxy, 1-(CH2Br)-2-bromoethoxy,
4-fluorobutoxy, 4-chlorobutoxy, 4-bromobutoxy or nonafluorobutoxy. C1-Cs-Haloalkoxy is addi-
tionally, for example, 5-fluoropentoxy, 5-chloropentoxy, 5-brompentoxy, 5-iodopentoxy, unde-
cafluoropentoxy, 6-fluorohexoxy, 6-chlorohexoxy, 6-bromohexoxy, 6-iodohexoxy or dodecafluo-
rohexoxy.
The term "alkoxyalkyl" as used herein denotes in each case alkyl usually comprising 1 to 6 car-
bon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms, wherein 1 carbon atom carries an alkoxy radical
usually comprising 1 to 10, frequently 1 to 6, in particular 1 to 4, carbon atoms as defined
above. °C1-Ce-Alkoxy-C1-Ce-alkyl’ is a C1-Ce-alkyl group, as defined above, in which one hydro-
gen atom is replaced by a C-Cs-alkoxy group, as defined above. Examples are CH,OCHs, CH
OC2Hs, n-propoxymethyl, CH-OCH(CHs)2, n-butoxymethyl, (1-methylpropoxy}-methyl, (2-
methylpropoxy)methyl, CH2-OC(CHs)s, 2-(methoxy)ethyl, 2-(ethoxy)ethyl, 2-(n-propoxy)-ethyl, 2-
(1-methylethoxy)-ethyl, 2-(n-butoxy)ethyl, 2-(1-methylpropoxy)-ethyl, 2-(2-methylpropoxy-ethyl,
2-(1,1-dimethylethoxy)-ethyl, 2-(methoxy)-propyl, 2-(ethoxy)-propyl, 2-(n-propoxy)-propyl, 2-(1-
methylethoxy)-propyl, 2-(n-butoxy)-propyl, 2-(1-methylpropoxy)-propyl, 2-(2-methylpropoxy)-
propyl, 2-(1,1-dimethylethoxy)-propyl, 3-(methoxy)-propyl, 3-(ethoxy)-propyl, 3-(n-propoxy)-
propyl, 3-(1-methylethoxy)-propyl, 3-(n-butoxy)-propyl, 3-(1-methylpropoxy)-propyl, 3-(2-
methylpropoxy)-propyl, 3-(1,1-dimethylethoxy)-propyl, 2-(methoxy)-butyl, 2-(ethoxy)-butyl, 2-(n-
propoxy)-butyl, 2-(1-methylethoxy)-butyl, 2-(n-butoxy)-butyl, 2-(1-methylpropoxy)-butyl, 2-(2-
methyl-propoxy)-butyl, 2-(1,1-dimethylethoxy)-butyl, 3-(methoxy)-butyl, 3-(ethoxy)-butyl, 3-(n-
propoxy)-butyl, 3-(1-methylethoxy)-butyl, 3-(n-butoxy)-butyl, 3-(1-methylpropoxy)-butyl, 3-(2-
methylpropoxy)-butyl, 3-(1,1-dimethylethoxy)-butyl, 4-(methoxy)-butyl, 4-(ethoxy)-butyl, 4-(n-
propoxy)-butyl, 4-(1-methylethoxy)-butyl, 4-(n-butoxy)-butyl, 4-(1-methylpropoxy)-butyl, 4-(2-
methylpropoxy)-butyl, 4-(1,1-dimethylethoxy)-butyl and the like.
The term "haloalkoxy-alkyl" as used herein denotes in each case alkyl as defined above, usually
comprising 4 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms, wherein 1 carbon atom carries.
an haloalkoxy radical as defined above, usually comprising 1 to 10, frequently 1 to 6, in partiou-
lar 1 to 4, carbon atoms as defined above. Examples are fluoromethoxymethyl, difluoromethox-
ymethyl, trifluoromethoxymethyl, 4-fluoroethoxymethyl, 2-fluoroethoxymethyl, 1,1-
difluoroethoxymethyl, 1,2-difluoroethoxymethyl, 2,2-difluoroethoxymethyl, 1,1,2-
trifluoroethoxymethyl, 1,2,2-trifluoroethoxymethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxymethyl, pentafluoroethox-
ymethyl, 1-fluoroethoxy-1-ethyl, 2-fluoroethoxy-1-ethyl, 1,1-difluoroethoxy-1-ethyl, 1,2-
difluoroethoxy-1-ethyl, 2,2-difluoroethoxy-1-ethyl, 1,1,2-trifluoroethoxy-1-ethyl, 1,2,2-
trifluoroethoxy-1-ethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy-1-ethyl, pentafluoroethoxy-1-ethyl, 1-fluoroethoxy-2-
ethyl, 2-fluoroethoxy-2-ethyl, 1,1-difluoroethoxy-2-ethyl, 1,2-difluoroethoxy-2-ethyl, 2,2-10
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difluoroethoxy-2-ethyl, 1,1,2-trifluoroethoxy-2-ethyl, 1,2,2-trifluoroethoxy-2-ethyl, 2,2,2-
trifluoroethoxy-2-ethyl, pentafluoroethoxy-2-ethyl, and the like.
The term “alkylthio"(also alkyisulfanyl or alkyl-S-)" as used herein denotes in each case a
i-chain or branched saturated alkyl group as defined above, usually comprising 1 to 10
carbon atoms ("Ci-Cro-alkylthio"), frequently comprising 1 to 6 carbon atoms ("Ci-Ce-alkylthio’
preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms ("C1-Cs-alkylthio"), which is attached via a sulfur atom at any
position in the alkyl group. Ci-C2-Alkylthio is methylthio or ethylthio. C1-Ca-Alkylthio is additional-
ly, for example, n-propylthio, 1-methylethylthio (isopropylthio), butylthio, 1-methylpropyithio (sec-
butylthio), 2-methylpropylthio (isobutylthio) or 1,1-dimethylethyithio (tert-butylthio). Cr-Ce-
Alkyithio is additionally, for example, pentylthio, 1-methylbutyithio, 2-methylbutyithio, 3-
methylbutyithio, 1,1-dimethylpropyithio, 1,2-dimethylpropylthio, 2,2-dimethylpropylthio, 1-
ethylpropyithio, hexylthio, 1-methylpentyithio, 2-methylpentylthio, 3-methylpentylthio, 4-
methylpentyithio, 1,1-dimethylbutylthio, 1,2-dimethylbutylthio, 1,3-dimethylbutylthio, 2,2-
dimethylbutylthio, 2,3-dimethylbutylthio, 3,3-dimethylbutylthio, 1-ethylbutylthio, 2-ethylbutylthio,
1,1,2-trimethylpropylthio, 4,2,2-trimethylpropylthio, 1-ethyl1-methylpropylthio or 1-ethyl-2-
methylpropylthio, Ci-Ce-Alkylthio is additionally, for example, heptylthio, octyithio, 2-
ethylhexyithio and positional isomers thereof. C1-C1o-Alkylthio is additionally, for example, nonyl-
thio, decyithio and positional isomers thereof.
The term "haloalkylthio" as used herein refers to an alkylthio group as defined above wherein
the hydrogen atoms are partially or fully substituted by fluorine, chlorine, bromine and/or iodine.
C1-Co-Haloalkylthio is, for example, SCHaF, SCHF2, SCF, SCHsCl, SCHClz, SCChs, chlorofluo-
romethylthio, dichlorofluoromethylthio, chlorodifiuoromethylthio, 2-fluoroethylthio, 2-
chloroethyithio, 2-bromoethylthio, 2-iodoethylthio, 2,2-difluoroethyithio, 2,2,2-trifluoroethylthio, 2-
chloro-2-fluoroethylthio, 2-chloro-2,2-difluoroethylthio, 2,2-dichloro-2-fluoroethylthio,
2,2,2trichloroethylthio or SC2Fs. C:-Cs-Haloalkylthio is additionally, for example,
2-fluoropropylthio, 3-fluoropropylthio, 2,2-difluoropropylthio, 2,3-difluoropropylthio,
2-chloropropylthio, 3-chloropropylthio, 2,3-dichloropropylthio, 2-bromopropylthio,
3-bromopropyithio, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyithio, 3,3,3-trichloropropyithio, SCH2-C2Fs, SCF-CaFs, 1-
(CH,F)-2-fluoroethylthio, 1-(CH2CI)-2-chloroethylthio, 1-(CH2Br)-2-bromoethylthio,
4-fluorobutylthio, 4-chlorobutyithio, 4-bromobutylthio or nonafluorobutyithio. C:-Cs-Haloalkylthio
is additionally, for example, 5-fluoropentylthio, 5-chloropentylthio, 5-brompentylthio,
5-iodopentylthio, undecafluoropentylthio, 6-fluorohexylthio, 6-chlorohexylthio, 6-bromohexylthio,
6-iodohexylthio or dodecafluorohexylthio.
The terms “alkylsulfinyl" and "S(O),-alkyl" (wherein n is 1) are equivalent and, as used herein,
denote an alkyl group, as defined above, attached via a sulfinyl [S(O)] group. For example, the
term "C;-Cralkylsulfiny!" refers to a Ci-Cr-alkyl group, as defined above, attached via a sulfinyl
[S(O)] group. The term "C1-Cy-alkylsulfinyl" refers to a Ci-Cialkyl group, as defined above, at-
tached via a sulfinyl [S(O)] group. The term "Ci-Ce-alkylsulfinyl" refers to a C+-Ce-alkyl group, as
defined above, attached via a sutfinyl [S(O)] group. C1-Cz-alkylsulfiny| is methylsulfinyl or ethyl-
sulfinyl. C;-C.-alkylsulfinyl is additionally, for example, n-propylsulfinyl, 1-methylethyisulfiny!
(isopropylsuifinyl), butylsulfinyl, 1-methylpropylsulfiny! (sec-butylsulfinyl), 2-methylpropylsulfinyl
(isobutylsulfiny!) or 1,1-dimethylethylsulfinyl (tert-butylsulfinyl). C1-Cs-alkylsulfinyl is additionally,
for example, pentyisulfinyl, 1-methylbutylsulfinyl, 2-methylbutylsulfinyl, 3-methylbutyisulfinyl,
1,1-dimethylpropyisulfinyl, 1,2-dimethylpropylsutfinyl, 2,2-dimethylpropylsulfinyl,10
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1-ethylpropylsulfinyl, hexylsulfinyl, 1-methylpentylsulfinyl, 2-methylpentylsulfiny!,
3-methylpentyisulfinyl, 4-methylpentyisulfinyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyisulfinyl, 1,2-dimethylbutylsulfinyl,
1,3-dimethylbutylsutfinyl, 2,2-dimethylbutylsutfinyl, 2,3-dimethylbutylsutfinyl, 3,3-
dimethylbutylsulfinyl, 1-ethylbutylsutfinyl, 2-ethylbutylsulfinyl, 1,1,2-trimethylpropylsulfinyl, 1,2,2-
trimethylpropylsutfinyl, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropylsulfinyl or 1-ethyl-2-methylpropylsulfiny|
The terms “alkylsulfonyl" and "S(O),-alkyl" (wherein n is 2) are equivalent and, as used herein,
denote an alkyl group, as defined above, attached via a sulfonyl [S(O)2] group. The term "C1-Co-
alkylsulfonyl" refers to a C1-Cz-alkyl group, as defined above, attached via a sulfonyl [S(O)2}
group. The term "C1-Ce-alkyisulfonyl" refers to a C1-C.-alkyl group, as defined above, attached
via a sulfonyl [S(O)2] group. The term "C1-Ce-alkylsulfonyl" refers to a C1-Ce-alkyl group, as de-
fined above, attached via a sulfonyl [S(O)z] group. C1-C-alkylsulfonyl is methylsulfonyl or ethyl-
sulfonyl. C;-C.-alkylsulfonyl is additionally, for example, n-propylsulfonyl, 1-methylethylsulfonyl
(isopropyisulfonyl), butylsulfonyl, 1-methylpropylsulfonyl (sec-butylsulfonyl), 2-
methylpropylsulfonyl (isobutylsutfonyl) or 1,1-dimethylethylsulfonyl (tert-butylsulfonyl). C1-Ce-
alkylsulfonyl is additionally, for example, pentylsulfonyl, 1-methylbutyisutfonyl, 2-
methylbutyisulfonyl, 3-methylbutylsutfonyl, 1,1-dimethylpropylsulfonyl, 1,2-
dimethylpropylsulfonyl, 2,2-dimethylpropylsulfonyl, 1-ethylpropylsulfonyl, hexylsulfonyl, 1-
methylpentylsulfonyl, 2-methylpentyisulfonyl, 3-methylpentylsulfonyl, 4-methylpentylsulfonyl,
1,1-dimethylbutylsulfonyl, 1,2-dimethylbutylsulfonyl, 1,3-dimethylbutylsulfonyl,
2,2-dimethylbutyisulfonyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyisulfonyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyisulfonyl,
‘-ethylbutylsulfonyl, 2-ethylbutyisulfonyl, 1,1,2-trimethylpropylsulfonyl,
1,2,2-trimethylpropylsulfonyl, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropylsulfonyl or 1-ethyl-2-methylpropylsutfonyl.
The term "alkylamino” as used herein denotes in each case a group -NHR, wherein R is a
straight-chain or branched alkyl group usually having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms (°C1-Cs-
alkylamino’), preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms("C:-C-alkylamino’). Examples of C1-Cs-alkylamino
are methylamino, ethylamino, n-propylamino, isopropylamino, n-butylamino, 2-butylamino, iso-
butylamino, tert-butylamino, and the like.
The term “dialkylamino" as used herein denotes in each case a group-NRR’, wherein R and R’,
independently of each other, are a straight-chain or branched alkyl group each usually having
from 1 to 6 carbon atoms ("di-(C1-Ce-alkyl)-amino"), preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms (‘di-(Ci-Ce-
alkyl)-amino"). Examples of a di-(C1-Ce-alkyl)-amino group are dimethylamino, diethylamino,
dipropylamino, dibutylamino, methyl-ethyl-amino, methylpropy-amino, methyl-isopropylamino,
methyl-buty-amino, methyl-isobutyl-amino, ethyl-propyl-amino, ethybisopropylamino, ethyl-
buty-amino, ethyl-isobutykamino, and the like.
The term "oycloalkylamino” as used herein denotes in each case a group -NHR, wherein Ris a
cycloalkyl group usually having from 3 to 8 carbon atoms ("C:-Ce-cycloalkylamino’), preferably 3
to 6 carbon atoms("Cs-Cs-cycloalkylamino”). Examples of Cs-Cs-cycloalkylamino are cycloprop-
ylamino, cyclobutylamino, cyclopentylamino, cyclohexylamino, and the like.
The term “alkylaminosulfonyl" as used herein denotes in each case a straight-chain or branched
alkylamino group as defined above, which is bound to the remainder of the molecule via a sul
fonyl [S(O)z] group. Examples of an alkylaminosulfonyl group are methylaminosulfonyl, ethyla-
minosulfonyl, n-propylaminosulfonyl, isopropylaminosulfonyl, n-butylaminosutfonyl, 2-
butylaminosulfonyl, iso-butylaminosulfonyl, tert-butylaminosulfonyl, and the like.
The term "dialkylaminosulfony!" as used herein denotes in each case a straight-chain or10
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branched alkylamino group as defined above, which is bound to the remainder of the molecule
via a sulfonyl [S(O)2] group. Examples of an dialkylaminosulfonyl group are dimethylaminosul-
fonyl, diethylaminosulfonyl, dipropylaminosulfonyl, dibutylaminosulfonyl, methyl-ethyl-
aminosulfonyl, methypropyl-aminosulfonyl, methy/-isopropylaminosulfonyl, methyl-butyl-
aminosulfonyl, methy-isobutyl-aminosulfonyl, ethyl-propyl-aminosulfonyl, ethyl
isopropytaminosulfonyl, ethy!-buty-aminosulfonyl, ethyl-isobutyl-aminosulfonyl, and the like.
The suffix ,-carbonyl" in a group denotes in each case that the group is bound to the remainder
of the molecule via a carbonyl C=O group. This is the case e.g. in alkylcarbonyl, haloalkylcar-
bonyl, aminocarbonyl, alkylaminocarbony|, dialkylaminocarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, haloal-
koxycarbonyl.
The term "aryl" as used herein refers to a mono-, bi- or tricyolic aromatic hydrocarbon radical
such as phenyl or naphthyl, in particular phenyl
The term "het(ero)aryl” as used herein refers to a mono-, bi- or tricyclic heteroaromatic hydro-
carbon radical, preferably to a monocyclic heteroaromatic radical, such as pyridyl, pyrimidyl and
the like.
A saturated, partially unsaturated or unsaturated 3- to 8-membered ring system which
contains 1 to 4 heteroatoms selected from oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, is a ring system wherein two
‘oxygen atoms must not be in adjacent positions and wherein at least 1 carbon atom must be in
the ring system e.g. thiophene, furan, pyrrole, thiazole, oxazole, imidazole, isothiazole, isoxa-
zole, pyrazole, 1,3,4-oxadlazole, 1,3,4-thiadiazole, 1,3,4-triazole, 1,2,4-oxadiazole, 1,2,4-
thiadiazole, 1,2,4-triazole, 1,2,3-triazole, 1,2,3,4-tetrazole, benzo[blthiophene, benzo[b]furan,
indole, benzofo}thiophene, benzo[c}furan, isoindole, benzoxazole, benzthiazole, benzimidazole,
benzisoxazole, benzisothiazole, benzopyrazole, benzothiadiazole, benztriazole, dibenzofuran,
dibenzothiophene, carbazole, pyridine, pyrazine, pyrimidine, pyridazine, 1,3,5-triazine, 1,2,4-
triazine, 1,2,4,5-tetrazine, quinoline, isoquinoline, quinoxaline, quinazoline, cinnoline, 1,8-
naphthyridine, 1,5-naphthyridine, 1,6-naphthyridine, 1,7-naphthyridine, phthalazine, pyri-
dopyrimidine, purine, pteridine, 4H-quinolizine, piperidine, pyrrolidine, oxazoline, tetrahydrofu-
ran, tetrahydropyran, isoxazolidine or thiazolidine, oxirane or oxetane.
A saturated, partially unsaturated or unsaturated 3- to 8-membered ring system which
contains 1 to 4 heteroatoms selected from oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur also is e.g
a saturated, partially unsaturated or unsaturated 5-or 6-membered heterocycle which contains 1
to 4 heteroatoms selected from oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur, such as pyridine, pyrimidine,
(1,2,4)-oxadiazole, (1,3,4)-oxadiazole, pyrrole, furan, thiophene, oxazole, thiazole, imidazole,
pyrazole, isoxazole, 1,2,4-triazole, tetrazole, pyrazine, pyridazine, oxazoline, thiazoline, tetrahy-
drofuran, tetrahydropyran, morpholine, piperidine, piperazine, pyrroline, pyrrolidine, oxazolidine,
thiazolidine; or
a saturated, partially unsaturated or unsaturated 5-or 6-membered heterocycle which contains 1
nitrogen atom and 0 to 2 further heteroatoms selected from oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur, prefer-
ably from oxygen and nitrogen, such as piperidine, piperazin and morpholine.
Preferably, this ring system is a saturated, partially unsaturated or unsaturated 3- to 6-
membered ring system which contains 1 to 4 heteroatoms selected from oxygen, nitrogen, sul
fur, wherein two oxygen atoms must not be in adjacent positions and wherein at least 1 carbon
atom must be in the ring system.10
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WO 20147053401 14 rc
20131070154
Most preferably, this ring system is a radical of pyridine, pyrimidine, (1,2,4)-oxadiazole,
1,3,4-oxadiazole, pyrrole, furan, thiophene, oxazole, thiazole, imidazole, pyrazole, isoxazole,
1,2,4-triazole, tetrazole, pyrazine, pyridazine, oxazoline, thiazoline, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydro-
pyran, morpholine, piperidine, piperazine, pyrroline, pyrrolidine, oxazolidine, thiazolidine,
oxirane or oxetane.
Preparation of the compounds of formula | can be accomplished according to standard methods
of organic chemistry, e.g. by the methods or working examples described in WO 2007/006670,
PCTIEP2012/065650 and PCT/EP2012/065651, without being limited to the routes given there-
in,
The preparation of the compounds of formula | above may lead to them being obtained as iso-
mer mixtures. If desired, these can be resolved by the methods customary for this purpose,
such as crystallization or chromatography, also on optically active adsorbate, to give the pure
isomers.
Agronomically acceptable salts of the compounds | can be formed in a customary manner, €.g.
by reaction with an acid of the anion in question.
Preferences
The remarks made below as to preferred embodiments of the variables (substituents) of the
‘compounds of formulae (|) are valid on their own as well as preferably in combination with each
other, as well as in combination with the stereoisomers, tautomers, N-oxides or salts thereof,
and, where applicable, as well as concerning the uses and methods according to the invention
and the compositions according to the invention.
Preferred compounds according to the invention are compounds of formulae (I) or a stereoiso-
mer, N-oxide or salt thereof, wherein the salt is an agriculturally or veterinarily acceptable salt.
The compounds | of formula (|) and their examples include their tautomers, racemic mixtures,
individual pure enantiomers and diastereomers and their optically active mixtures.
Preferred are methods and uses of compounds of formula (I), wherein the compound of formula
lis a compound of formula IA:
(A)Wo 2014053401 15 PCT
2013/070154
wherein
R'is halogen, and
wherein the variables R', R?, R’, R®, R® and k are as defined herein.
Preferred are methods and uses of compounds of formula (I), in which the compound of formula
| is a compound of formula IB:
Ny
uJ ((B)
5
Nog
BS
RO),
10 wherein
R?__ is selected from the group consisting of bromo, chloro, cyano;
R’_ is selected from the group consisting of bromo, chloro, trifluoromethyl. OCHF2, and
wherein the variables R?, R’, R°, R° and k are as defined herein.
15 Preferred are methods and uses of compounds of formula (|), in which the compound of formula
lis a compound of formula IC:
(Ic)
Ss,
_
Renee
wherein
R?__ is selected from the group consisting of halogen and halomethyl;
20 R?__ is selected from the group consisting of bromo, chloro and cyano, and
wherein the variables R®, R® and k are as defined herein.10
15
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Wo 2014053401 16 PCT
2013/070154
Preferred are methods and uses of compounds of formula (I), in which the compound of formula
lis a compound of formula ID:
(ID)
5
Nog
‘Ss
R° SO),
wherein
R'is selected from the group consisting of halogen, methyl and halomethyl;
R? is selected from the group consisting of bromo, chloro and cyano, and
wherein the variables R®, R® and k are as defined herein.
Preferred are methods and uses of compounds of formula (I), in which R®, R® are selected inde-
pendently of one another from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-Cio-alkyl, Ce-Ce-cycloalkyl,
wherein the aforementioned aliphatic and cycloaliphatic radicals may be substituted with 1 to 10
substituents Re; or
R® and R° together represent a C-Cr-alkylene chain forming together with the sulfur atom to
which they are attached a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7- or 8- membered saturated, partially unsaturated or
fully unsaturated ring, wherein 1 to 4 of the CHe groups in the Co-Cr-alkylene chain may be re-
placed by 1 to 4 groups independently selected from the group consisting of C=O, C=S, O, §,
N, NO, SO, SOz and NH, and wherein the carbon and/or nitrogen atoms in the Cz-C7-alkylene
chain may be substituted with 1 to 5 substituents independently selected from the group con-
sisting of halogen, cyano, C1-Cs-alkyl, C1-Ce-haloalkyl, C1-Ce-alkoxy, C1-Cs-haloalkoxy, Ci-Ce-
alkylthio, Ci-Cs-haloalkylthio, Cs-Cs-cycloalkyl, Cs-Cs-halocycloalkyl, Co-Ce-alkenyl, C-Co~
haloalkenyl, Cz-Cs-alkynyl and Cz-Cs-haloalkynyl; said substituents being identical or different
from one another if more than one substituent is present.
Preferred are methods and uses of compounds of formula (I), in which R®, R® are selected inde-
pendently of one another from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-Cio-alkyl, Cs-Cs-cycloalkyl,
wherein the aforementioned aliphatic and cycloaliphatic radicals may be substituted with 1 to 10
substituents R°.
Preferred are methods and uses of compounds of formula (I), in which R’ is selected from the
group consisting of bromo, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, cyano, OCHF2, OCHF and
OCH,CFs,10
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Preferred are methods and uses of compounds of formula (I), in which R’ is selected from the
group consisting of bromo, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl and OCHF2
Preferred are methods and uses of compounds of formula (I), in which R® is independently se-
lected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, -OH, -SH, -SCN, C1-Ce-alkyl, C-Ceralkenyl,
CzCe-alkinyl, Cs-Ce-cycloalkyl, wherein one or more CHe groups of the aforementioned radicals
may be replaced by a C=O group, and/or the aliphatic and cycloaliphatic moieties of the afore-
mentioned radicals may be unsubstituted, partially or fully halogenated and/or may carry 1 or 2
radicals selected from C;-Ce-alkoxy, C1-Cs-haloalkoxy, C1-Ce-alkylthio, C1-Ce-alkylsutfinyl, Cs-
Ce-alkylsutfonyl, C1-Ce-haloalkylthio, -OR®, -NR°R¥, -S(O),R®, -S(O),NRER®,
-C(=O)R®, -C(=O)NRFR®, -C(=O)OR’, -C(=S)R®, -C(=S)NRFR®, -C(=S)OR®,
-C(=S)SR°, -C(=NR®)R°, -C(=NR®)NR'R¥, phenyl, benzyl, pyridyl and phenoxy, wherein the last
four radicals may be unsubstituted, partially or fully halogenated and/or carry 1, 2 or 3 substitu-
ents selected from C:-Ce-alkyl, C1-Cs-haloalkyl, C:-Ce-alkoxy and C:-Ce-haloalkoxy.
Preferred are methods and uses of compounds of formula (!), in which R® is independently se-
lected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, -OH, -SH, -SCN, Cr-Ce-alkyl, C-Ce-alkenyl,
CzCe-alkinyl, Cs-Ce-cycloalkyl, wherein one or more CHz groups of the aforementioned radicals
may be replaced by a C=O group, and/or the aliphatic and cycloaliphatic moieties of the afore-
mentioned radicals may be unsubstituted, partially or fully halogenated,
Preferred are methods and uses of compounds of formula (I) as described herein, in which in
the compound of formula |
R® and R® are selected from methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, cyclo-
propyl, cyclopropylmethyl.
Preferred are methods and uses of compounds of formula (I) as described herein, in which in
the compound of formula |
R® and R® are identical
In a particularly preferred embodiment, the methods and uses according to the invention com-
prise at least one compound of formula (IA)
(A)
s
Sy
cae k10
15
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25
30
WoO 2014/053401 18
2013/070154
wherein
Ri isl,
R'is selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br, and methyl;
R® is selected from the group consisting of bromo and chloro;
R®, R® are selected independently of one another from the group consisting of methyl,
ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl
R? is selected from the group consisting of difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl.
Examples of especially preferred anthranilamide compounds | of the present invention are of
formula (IA-1)
(At)
wherein R', R’, R’, R°, R® are as defined herein.
Examples of preferred compounds of formula | in the methods and uses according to the inven-
tion are compiled in tables 1 to 60 below. Moreover, the meanings mentioned below for the indi-
vidual variables in the tables are per se, independently of the combination in which they are
mentioned, a particularly preferred embodiment of the substituents in question.
Table 1 Compounds of the formula (IA~1) in which Rt is F, R? is Cl, R” is CFs and the com-
bination of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 2 Compounds of the formula (IA-1) in which Rt is Br, R? is Cl, R’ is CFs and the
combination of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 3. Compounds of the formula (IA~1) in which Rt is Cl, R? is Cl, R’ is CFs and the
combination of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 4 Compounds of the formula (IA-1) in which Rt is methyl, R? is Cl, R” is CFs and the
‘combination of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 5 Compounds of the formula (IA-1) in which Rt is F, R? is Br, R’ is CFs and the com-
bination of R® and R° for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 6 Compounds of the formula (IA~1) in which Rt is Br, R? is Br, R’ is CFs and the
combination of RS and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 7 Compounds of the formula (IA~1) in which Rt is Cl, R? is Br, R” is CFs and the
‘combination of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;10
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40
Wo 2014053401 19 PCT
Table 8 Compounds of the formula (IA~1) in which R" is methyl, R?is Br, R’ is CFs and the
‘combination of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 9 Compounds of the formula (IA-1) in which R' is F, R? is cyano, R’ is CFs and the
‘combination of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 10 Compounds of the formula (IA~1) in which Rt is Br, R? is cyano, R is CFs and the
combination of RS and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 11 Compounds of the formula (IA-1) in which Rt is Cl, R? is cyano, R’ is CFs and the
‘combination of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 12 Compounds of the formula (IA-1) in which R' is methyl, R? is cyano, R” is CFs and
the combination of R° and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 13. Compounds of the formula (IA~1) in which Rt is F, R? is Cl, R” is CHF? and the
combination of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 14 Compounds of the formula (IA~1) in which R* is Br, R? is Cl, R’ is CHF, and the
‘combination of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 15 Compounds of the formula (/A-1) in which R' is Cl, Ris Cl, R” is CHF2 and the
combination of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 16 Compounds of the formula (IA~1) in which Rt is methyl, R? is Cl, R” is CHF2 and
the combination of R° and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 17 Compounds of the formula (IA~1) in which Rt is F, R? is Br, R’ is CHF2 and the
‘combination of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 18 Compounds of the formula (IA-1) in which R' is Br, R?is Br, R’ is CHF2 and the
combination of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 19 Compounds of the formula (IA~1) in which Rt is Cl, R? is Br, R” is CHF, and the
‘combination of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 20 Compounds of the formula (IA-1) in which R' is methyl, R? is Br, R’ is CHF2 and
the combination of R° and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 21 Compounds of the formula (IA~1) in which Rt is F, R? is cyano, R’ is CHF2 and the
combination of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 22. Compounds of the formula (IA~1) in which Rt is Br, R? is cyano, R’ is CHF2 and the
‘combination of RS and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 23 Compounds of the formula (IA~1) in which R'is Cl, R? is cyano, R’ is CHF: and the
‘combination of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 24 Compounds of the formula (IA-1) in which R is methyl, R? is cyano, R” is CHF2
and the combination of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table
A
2013/070154
Table 25 Compounds of the formula (IA~1) in which R'is F, R? is Cl, R’ is Br and the combi-
nation of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 26 Compounds of the formula (IA~1) in which R' is Br, R? is Cl, R” is Br and the com-
bination of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 27 Compounds of the formula (IA~1) in which Rt is Cl, R?is Cl, R’ is Br and the com-
bination of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 28 Compounds of the formula (IA~1) in which R' is methyl, R?is Cl, R’ is Br and the
‘combination of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;10
15
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25
30
35
40
Wo 2014053401 20 PCT
2013/070154
Table 29. Compounds of the formula (IA-1) in which Rt is F, R? is Br, R” is Br and the combi-
nation of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 30 Compounds of the formula (IA-1) in which R' is Br, R?is Br, R’ is Br and the com-
bination of R® and R° for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 31 Compounds of the formula (IA~1) in which Rt is Cl, R? is Br, R” is Br and the com-
bination of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 32 Compounds of the formula (IA-1) in which R* is methyl, R? is Br, R’ is Br and the
‘combination of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 33. Compounds of the formula (IA~1) in which Rt is F, R? is cyano, R’ is Br and the
combination of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 34 Compounds of the formula (IA~1) in which Rt is Br, R? is cyano, R’ is Br and the
combination of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 35 Compounds of the formula (IA~1) in which Rt is Cl, R? is cyano, R’ is Br and the
‘combination of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 36 Compounds of the formula ((A-1) in which R' is methyl, R?is cyano, R” is Br and
the combination of R° and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 37 Compounds of the formula (IA~1) in which Rt is F, R? is Cl, R’ is Cl and the combi-
nation of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 38 Compounds of the formula (IA~1) in which Rt is Br, R? is Cl, R’ is Cl and the com-
bination of R® and R° for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 39. Compounds of the formula (IA-1) in which Rt is Cl, R? is Cl, R’ is Cl and the com-
bination of R® and R° for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 40 Compounds of the formulla (IA~1) in which Rt is methyl, R? is Cl, R” is Cl and the
‘combination of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 41 Compounds of the formula (IA-1) in which R' is F, R? is Br, R” is Cl and the combi-
nation of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 42 Compounds of the formula (IA-1) in which R' is Br, Ris Br, R’ is Cl and the com-
bination of R® and R° for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 43. Compounds of the formula (IA~1) in which Rt is Cl, R? is Br, R’ is Cl and the com-
bination of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 44 Compounds of the formula (IA-1) in which R' is methyl, R? is Br, R’ is Cl and the
‘combination of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 45 Compounds of the formula (IA~1) in which Rt is F, R? is cyano, R’ is Cl and the
combination of RS and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 46 Compounds of the formula (IA-1) in which Rt is Br, R? is cyano, R’ is Cl and the
combination of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 47 Compounds of the formula (IA~1) in which Rt is Cl, R? is cyano, R” is Cl and the
‘combination of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 48 Compounds of the formula (IA~1) in which Rt is methyl, R? is cyano, R” is Cl and
the combination of R° and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 49. Compounds of the formula (IA-1) in which Rt is F, R? is Cl, R” is OCHF? and the
‘combination of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 50 Compounds of the formula (IA~1) in which Rt is Br, R? is Cl, R’ is OCHF? and the
‘combination of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;10
15
20
WO 2014/053401 2 PCT/EP2013/070154
Table 51 Compounds of the formula (IA-1) in which Rt is Cl, R@is Cl, R’ is OCH? and the
combination of R® and R° for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 52 Compounds of the formula (IA-1) in which Rt is methyl, R? is Cl, R’ is OCHF2 and
the combination of R° and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A
Table 53 Compounds of the formula (IA-1) in which R' is F, R? is Br, R” is OCHF? and the
combination of R° and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 54 Compounds of the formula (IA-1) in which R' is Br, R? is Br, R? is OCHF2 and the
combination of R® and R° for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 55 Compounds of the formula (IA-1) in which Rt is Cl, R? is Br, R” is OCHF? and the
combination of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 56 Compounds of the formula (IA-1) in which R' is methyl, R? is Br, R? is OCHF2 and
the combination of R° and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 57 Compounds of the formula (IA-1) in which Rt is F, R2 is cyano, R’ is OCHF2 and
the combination of R° and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 58 Compounds of the formula (IA-1) in which R' is Br, R? is cyano, R” is OCHF2 and
the combination of R° and Ré for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
Table 59 Compounds of the formula (IA-1) in which R' is Cl, R? is cyano, R’ is OCHF2 and
the combination of R° and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table A;
‘Table 60 Compounds of the formula (IA-1) in which R' is methyl, R? is cyano, R’ is OCHF2
and the combination of R® and R® for a compound corresponds in each case to one row of Table
A
Table A
Re Re Re Re
At | CHs CHa A-20_| o-CeH CHa
A2 | CHs CH A21_| CHzo-C:Hs CH
A:3__| CH=CHe CHa A-22_| CH(CHs)-c-CsHs | CHa
Ad | CHeCH,CHs CHa A23 | CHro-CsHo CHa
AS | CH(CHs)2 CHa A-24 | CHeo-CHis CHa
AG | CHeCH;CH2CHs | CHa A25 | CcHs CHa
AT | C(CHa)a CHa A-26 | CHa Cos
AB | CHeCH(CHs)2 CHa AQT CoH
‘AQ | CH(CHs)CH2CHs_| CHa A-28 Cos
A-10_| CHSCH=CHe CHa A:29 | CHeCH;CHs CoH
A-l1_| CH2C=CH CHa A-30_| CH(CHs)2 Cos
A12_| CH(CHs)CH=CH? | CH At [CHeCH;CH2CHs _| CoHs
A-13_| CHF? CHa A-32_| C(CHs)s Cos
A-14_| CHCl CHa A33__ | CHeCH(CHs)2 Cols
A-15 | CH2CH2CN CHa A-34_ | CH(CHs)CH2CHs | Cos
A-16_| CHCH,CI CH A-35 | CHeCH=CHe Cols
AAT | -CsHs CHa A-36_| CHsC=CH Cos
A18 | o-CiHr CHa A:37_| CH(CHs)CH=CH2_| CoHs
AA9 | o-CsHe CH A-38_| CHF, CoHsWO 2014053401 22 PCT/EP2013/070154
Re Re Re Re
A-39_| CHCl CoHs A-81_ | CHsCH2CH2CHs _| CH2CH2CHs
A-40_| CHoCH2CN CoHs A-82_| C(CHs)s CH2CH2CHs
A-41_| CHCH-CI CaHs A-83_ | CH2CH(CHs)2 CH2CH2CHs
A-42_| c-CoHs CoHs A-84__| CH(CHs)CH2CHs | CH2CH2CHs
A-43 | o-CiHr CoHs A-85_ | CHsCH=CH2 CH2CH2CHa
A-44 | c-CsHe CoHs A-86_ | CH2C=CH CH2CH2CHs
AAS | o-CoHi Cas A-87_ | CH(CHs)CH=CH2 | CH2CH2CHs
A-46 | CHo-c-CaHs CoHs A-88_| CHF. CH2CH2CHs
A-47 | CH(CHs)--CaHs | CoHs A-89_| CHCl CH2CH2CHa
A-48 | CHe-c-CsHo CoHs A-90_| CHsCH2CN CH2CH2CHs
A-49 | CHo-0-CoHis Cals A-91 | CHzCH2CI CH2CH2CHa
A50 | CoHs CoHs A92_| -CaHs CH2CH2CHs
AS1_ | CHs CH=CH A-93 | c-CaHr CH2CH2CHa
A52 | CHs CH=CH, A94 | c-CsHo CH:CH2CHs
A-53_ | CH=CH2 CH=CHe A-95 | c-CoHss CH2CH2CHa
A54 | CHoCH2CHs CH=CH2 A96_ | CHr-c-CsHs CH2CH2CHs
A-55_| CH(CHs)2 CH=CHe A-97__| CH(CHs)-c-CaHs | CH2CH2CHs
A56_ | CHeCH2CH2CHs_| CH=CHe A-98_| CHx-c-CsHo CH2CH2CHs
A57_| C(CHa)a CH=CHe A-99 | CHo-o-Cettss CH2CH2CHa
A-58 | CH2CH(CHa)2 CH=CH2 A-100 | Css CH2CH2CHs
A59_| CH(CHs)CH2CHs_| CH=CHe A101 | CHs CH(CHs)2
‘A60_| CHoCH=CH2 CH=CH2 A-102 | CoHs CH(CHa)2
A61_ | CHeC=CH CH=CH? ‘A-103 | CH=CH CH(CHs)2
‘A62_| CH(CHs)CH=CH2 | CH=CHe ‘A104 | CHsCH2CHs CH(CHa)
A63_| CHF? CH=CH? A105 | CH(CHs)2 CH(CHs)2
A-64 | CHCl CH=CHe A106 | CHsCH2CH2CHs | CH(CHs)2
A65 | CHoCH-CN CH=CH? A-107 | C(CHs)s CH(CHs)2
A-66 | CH2CH,CI CH=CH ‘A-108 | CHzCH(CHs)2 CH(CHa)2
ACT | o-CaHs CH=CH A109 | CH(CHs)CH2CHs | CH(CHs)2
AB | c-CiHr CH=CH A110 | CHsCH=CH2 CH(CHa)2
A69 | C-CsHo CH=CH, A111 | CH.C=CH CH(CHa)2
A-70 | o-CoHi CH=CH Ac112 | CH(CHa)CH=CH2_| CH(CHs)2
ATI | CHe-c-CoHs CH=CH, A113 | CHF2 CH(CHa)2
A:72_| CH(CHs)-c-CaHs | CH=CHe A114 | CHCl CH(CHo)2
ALT3_| CHe-c-CsHo CH=CH, A115 | CH2CH2CN CH(CHa)2
AsT4 | CHo-c-CoHi CH=CHe A116 | CHzCH2CI CH(CHo)2
AL75 | CoHs CH=CH2 A117 | 6-CaHs CH(CHa)2
A-76_| CHs CH2CH2CHa A118 | c-CaHr CH(CHo)2
ATT | CoHs CH2CH2CHs A119 | ¢-CsHo CH(CHs)2
A78_| CH=CH2 CH2CH2CHa A120 | o-CoHis CH(CHa)2
A-T9_| CHaCH2CHs CH2CH2CHs A-t21 | CH2-o-CoHs CH(CHa)2
‘A:80__| CH(CHs)2 CH2CH2CHa ‘A122 | CH(CHa)-c-CsHs | CH(CHs)2WO 2014/053401 23 PCT/EP2013/070154
R® Re R® Re
A123 | CHo-c-CsHo CH(CHa)2 A-165 | CH>CH.CN C(CHs)s
A-124 | CH2-c-CeHis CH(CHs)2 A-166 | CH2CH-CI C(CHs)s
A-125 | CoHs CH(CHa)2 A167 | o-CHs C(CHs)s,
A-126 | CHs CH2CH2CH2CH3, A-168 | c-CaH7 C(CHs)s
A-127 | CoHs CH-CH.CH.CHs _|| A-169 | o-C:Ho C(CHs)s
A-128 | CH=CH2 CH2CH2CH2CH3, A-170 | c-CoHia C(CHs)s
‘A129 | CH.CH.CHs CH-CHCH.CHs _|| A-171 | CHo-c-CsHs C(CHs)s
A-130 | CH(CHs)2 CH2CH2CH2CH3 A-172 | CH(CHs)-c-CsHs | C(CHs)s
A-131 | CHoCHoCH.CHs | CH¢CH.CH.CHs _| | A-173 | CHo-c-CsHo [C(CHs)s
A-132 | C(CHs)s CH2CH2CH2CH3 A-174 | CHe-c-CeHis C(CHs)s.
A-133 | CH2CH(CHs)2___| CH¢CHCHACHs _|| A-175 | CsHo [C(CHa)s
A-134 | CH(CHs)CH2CHs | CH2CH2CH2CH3. A-176 | CHs (CHZCH(CHs)2
A135 | CHoCH=CH2 | CH-CH.CH.CHs _|| A177 | CoHo [.CH.CH(CHs)2
A-136 | CH2C=CH CH2CH2CH2CHs A-178 | CH=CHe (CHZCH(CHs)2
A-137 | CH(CHs)CH=CHz | CH¢CH.CH.CHs || A-179 | CHoCH.CHs __| CH-c-CsHs [CH.CH(CHs)2
A-155 | CH(CHs)2 C(CHs)s A-197 | CH(CHs)-c-CsHs | CH2CH(CHs)2
A156 | CHCH.CH.CHs | C(CHs)s A198 | CH2-o-CsHo [CH.CH(CHs)2
A-157 | C(CHs)s C(CHs)s A-199 | CH2-c-CeHis (CH2CH(CHs)2
A158 | CHCH(CHs)2__| C(CHs)s ‘A-200 | CoHs [CH.CH(CHs)2
A-159 | CH(CHs)CH2CHs | C(CHs)s A-201 | CHs (CH(CHs)CH2CHs
A160 |CH:CH=CH. | C(CHs)s ‘A202 | CzHs | CH(CHs)CH:CHs
A-161 | CH2C=CH C(CHs)s A-203 | CH=CH2 (CH(CHs)CH2CHs
A-162 | CH(CHs)CH=CH2 TC(CHa)s A-204 | CH2CH2CH3 | CH(CHs)CH2CHs
A-163 | CHF2 C(CHs)s A-205 | CH(CHs)2 (CH(CHs)CH2CHs
A164 | CHzCl C(CHa)s ‘A206 | CH2CH:CH:CHs | CH(CH:)CH2CHs24
Wo 2014053401 PCT/EP2013/070154
R® Re Re Re
A207 | C(CHs)s CH(CHs)CH2CHs || A-249 | CHo-c-CoHis | CHoCH=CH?
A-208 | CH2CH(CHs)2 (CH(CH3)CH2CHs A-250 | CeHs | CH2CH=CH2
A209 | CH(CHs)CH2CHs_| CH(CHs)CH2CHs || A-251 | CHs CH-C=CH
A-210 | CH2CH=CH2 (CH(CHa)CH2CHs A-252 | CoHs (CH2C=CH
A211 | CH;C=CH CH(CHs)CH:CHs _| | A-253 | CH=CH, | CH.C=CH
A-212 | CH(CHs)CH=CH2 | CH(CHs)CH2CHs A-254 | CH2CH2CHs (CH2C=CH
A213 | CHF? CH(CHs)CH:CHs _| | A-255 | CH(CHs)2 | CH.C=CH
A-214 | CHCl (CH(CHa)CH2CHs A-256 | CH2CH2CH2CHs (CH2C=CH
A216 | CH>CH2CN CH(CHs)CH:CHs _| | A-257 | C(CHs)s CH.C=CH
A216 | CH.CH.CI CH(CHs)CH:CHs || A-258 | CH:CH(CHs)2___| CHC=CH
A217 | C-CsHs CH(CHs)CH:CHs _| | A-259 | CH(CHs)CH:CHs_| CH,C=CH
A218 | -CsHr CH(CHs)CH.CHs _| | A-260 | CH:CH=CHz CH.C=CH
‘A-219 | c-CsHo (CH(CHs)CH2CHs A-261 | CH2C=CH ‘CH2C=CH
A220 | o-GsHi1 CH(CHs)CH:CHs _| | A-262 | CH(CHs)CH=CH2 | CH2C=CH
‘A-221 | CHz-c-C3Hs. (CH(CHs)CH2CHs A-263 | CHF2 (CH2C=CH
A222 | CH(CHs)-c-CsHs_| CH(CHs)CHCHs _| | A-264 | CHCl CH.C=CH
‘A-223 | CHz-c-CsHo (CH(CHs)CH2CHs A-265 | CH2CH2CN ‘CH2C=CH
A224 | CHo-c-CoHir CH(CHs)CH:CHs _| | A-266 | CH,CH,CI [[CH.CeCH
‘A-225 | CoHs (CH(CHs)CH2CHs A-267 | c-C3Hs (CH2C=CH
A226 | CHs CH;CH=CH2 A268 | c-CsHr [[CH.C=CH
A-227 | CoHs (CH2CH=CH2 A-269 | c-CsHo (CH2C=CH
A:228 | CH=CH? ‘CH:CH=CH2 A270 | Gs | CHeC=CH
A-229 | CH2CH2CH3 (CH2CH=CH2 A-271 | CH2-c-CaHs (CH2C=CH
A230 | CH(CHs)2 CH:CH=CH2 A272 | CH(CHs)-c-CsHs | CHC=CH
A-231 | CH2CH2CH2CHs (CH2CH=CH2 A-273 | CH2-c-CsHo (CH2C=CH
A-232 | C(CH:)s CH:CH=CH2 A274 | CHrc- CoH: CH.C=CH
A-233 | CH2CH(CHs)2 (CH2CH=CH2 A-275 | CeHs (CH2C=CH
A234 | CH(CHs)CH.CHs_| CHoCH=CHz A276 | CHs CH(CHs)CH=CHz
A235 | CH.CH=CHe ‘CH.CH=CH2 A277 | CoHs CH(CHs)CH=CH,
‘A-236 | CH2C=CH (CH2CH=CH2 A-278 | CH=CH2 (CH(CHs)CH=CH2
A237 | CH(CHs)CH=CH2 | CH:CH=CHz ‘279 | CH.CH.CHs CH(CHs)CH=CH,
‘A-238 | CHF2 (CH2CH=CH2 A-280 | CH(CHs)2 (CH(CHs)CH=CHz
A239 | CHCI CH.CH=CH2 ‘A281 | CH.CHoCH:CHs | CH(CHs)CH=CH.
‘A-240 | CH2CH2CN (CH2CH=CH2 A-282 | C(CHs)s (CH(CHs)CH=CHz
A241 | CH.CH.CI CH.CH=CH2 ‘A283 | CHCH(CHs)2__| CH(CHs)CH=CH.
‘A-242 | c-CsHs (CH2CH=CH2 A-284 | CH(CHs)CH2CHs | CH(CHs)CH=CH2
A243 | o-CsHr CH.CH=CH2 A285 | CH.CH=CH. CH(CHs)CH=CH,
‘A-244 | c-CsHo (CH2CH=CH2 A-286 | CH2,C=CH (CH(CHs)CH=CH2
A245 | o-CeHi1 CH.CH=CH2 ‘A287 | CH(CHs)CH=CH, | CH(CHs)CH=CH.
‘A-246 | CHe-c-C3Hs. (CH2CH=CH2 A-288 | CHF (CH(CHs)CH=CH2
A247 | CH(CHs)-c-CsHs_| CHsCH=CHz A289 | CH.CI [/CH(CHs)CH=CH.
‘A-248 | CHe-c-CsH9 (CH2CH=CH2 A-290 | CH2CH2CN (CH(CHs)CH=CH2WO 2014053401 25 PCT/EP2013/070154
Re Re Re Re
A-291 | CH2CHZCI CH(CHs)CH=CHe _ || A-333 | CH-CH(CHs)2 CH.Cl
A-292 | o-CaHs CH(CHs)CH=CHe || A-334 | CH(CHa)CH2CHs | CHCl
A-293 | c-CuHr CH(CHs)CH=CHe _ || A-336 | CH:CH=CH2 CH.Cl
A-294 | c-CsHo CH(CHs)CH=CH2 || A-336 | CH2C=CH CHCl
A-295 | c-CoHi CH(CHs)CH=CH2 || A-337 | CH(CHa)CH=CH2 | CH2CI
A-296 | CH-o-CsHs CH(CHs)CH=CHe _ || A-338 | CHF CHCl
‘A-297 | CH(CHa)-0-CaHs | CH(CHs)CH=CH2 _| | A-339 | CHCl CH.Cl
A-298 | CH-o-CsHo CH(CHs)CH=CHe _ || A-340 | CH2CH2CN CH.CI
‘A-299 | CHe-c-CsHo CH(CHs)CH=CH2 _ || A-344 | CH2CHZCI CH.CI
A-300 | CcHs CH(CHs)CH=CHe _ || A-342 | o-CaHs CH.Cl
A-301 | CHa CHF. A343 | c-CuHr CHCl
A-302 | CoHs CHF. A344 | c-CsHe CHCl
A-303 | CH=CH2 CHF2 A345 | c-CoHi CH.CI
‘A-304 | CH2CH:CHs CHF, A:346 | CHz-o-C3Hs CHCl
‘A-305 | CH(CHs)2 CHF2 A:347 | CH(CHa)-c-CaHs | CHCl
A-306 | CH2CH2CH2CHa | CHF A-348 | CHz-o-CsHo CHCl
A-307 | C(CHa)s CHF2 A-349 | CHeo-CoHi CH.CI
A-308 | CHsCH(CHs)2 CHFe A-350 | CoHs CHCl
A-309 | CH(CH)CH2CHs | CHF A-351 | CHa CH2CH2CN
A-310 | CH2CH=CH2 CHF2 A352 | CoHs ‘CH2CH2CN
A-311 | CH2C=CH CHFe ‘A-353 | CH=CHe CH:CH2CN
A-312 | CH(CHa)CH=CH2_| CHF2 ‘A-354 | CH2CH:CHs ‘CH2CH2CN
A-313 | CHF2 CHFe A-355 | CH(CHa)2 (CH:CH2CN
A-314 | CHCl CHF2 ‘A:356 | CH2CH2CH2CHa _| CH2CH2CN
A-315 | CH2CH2CN CHFe A-357 | C(CHa)s ‘CH2CH2CN
A-316 | CH-CH.CI CHF2 A:358 | CH2CH(CHs)2 ‘CH2CH2CN
A317 | o-CsHs CHF, ‘A-359 | CH(CHa)CH2CHs | CH2CH2CN
A-318 | c-CuHr CHF2 A-360 | CH-CH=CH2 ‘CH2CH2CN
A-319 | c-CsHe CHF. A-361 | CH;C=CH ‘CH:CH2CN
A-320 | c-CoH CHF2 ‘A:362_ | CH(CHa)CH=CH2_| CH2CHoCN
A-321 | CHo-CsHs CHF. A-363 | CHF: ‘CH:CH2CN
A-322 | CH(CHa)-c-CaHs | CHF2 A-364 | CH-CI ‘CH2CH2CN
A-323 | CHo-CsHo CHFe A-365 | CH;CH.CN ‘CH:CH2CN
A-324 | CHo-CoHi CHF2 A-366 | CH-CH2CI ‘CH2CH2CN
A-325 | CoHs CHFe A367 | 6-CaHs ‘CH:CH2CN
A-326 | CHa CHCl A:368 | o-CiHr ‘CH2CH2CN
A-327 | CoHs CHCl A369 | 6-CsHe ‘CH:CH2CN
A-328 | CH=CHe CHCl A370 | CoH ‘CH2CH2CN
A-329 | CH2CH:CHs CHCl A371 | CHz--CsHs ‘CH:CH2CN
‘A-330 | CH(CHs)2 CHCl A:372 | CH(CHa)-c-CaHs | CH2CHoCN
A-331 | CHsCH2zCH2CHa _| CH2CI A:373 | CHz--CsHo CH2CH2CN
‘A-332 | C(CHo)s CHCl A:374 | CHz-c-CsHo CH2CH2CNWO 2014053401 26 PCT/EP2013/070154
Re Re Re Re
A375 | CeHts CH.CH.CN AIT | -CHs OCH
A-376 | CHs CH2CHZCI A418 | 6-CaHr 6-CoHs
A377 | Cats CHACH.CI A419 | -CsHe OCH
A-378 | CH=CHo CH2CHZCI A-420 | 6-CoHis o-CoHs
A-379 | CH:CH.CHs ‘CHCH.CI A421 | CHro-CoHs o-CiHs
A-380 | CH(CHs)2 CH2CHZCI A-422 | CH(CHs)-c-CaHs | o-CaHs
A-381 | CHsCH2CH2CHs _| CH2CH.CI ‘A-423 | CHr-o-CsHo o-CaHs
A-382 | C(CHs)s CH2CHZCI A424 | CHo-c-CoHi1 6-CoHs
A-383 | CHsCH(CHa)e ‘CHACH.CI A-425 | Cots o-CaHs
A-384 | CH(CHs)CH2CHs_| CH2CH,CI ‘A426 | CHs o-CsHr
A-385 | CHsCH=CH2 CHACH.CI A427 | Colts Cir
A-386 | CH2C=CH ‘CH2CHZCl ‘A-428 | CH=CH2 o-CsHr
‘A-387 | CH(CH:)CH=CHe | CH2CH.CI A-429 | CHsCH2CHs Cir
A388 | CHFe CH.CH,CI A-430 | CH(CHs)2 o-CsHr
A-389 | CHCl ‘CH2CH.CI A-431 | CH2CH2CH2CHa _| 6-CiHr
‘A-390 | CH:CH2CN CH2CH,Cl A-432 | C(CHa)s o-CiHy
A-391 | CHsCH-Cl CH2CH.CI A-433 | CHCH(CHa)o Cir
A392 | o-CsHs ‘CH-CH,Cl A-434 | CH(CH:)CH2CHs_| 6-CsHy
A-393 | c-CsHr CH2CH;CI ‘A-435 | CH2CH=CHe CH
A-394 | 6-CsHe CHACH.CI ‘A-436 | CH2C=CH Cir
A-395 | 6-CoHis CHeCH-CI ‘A-437 | CH(CHs)CH=CHo | 6-CaHy
‘A-396 | CHs-0-CsHs CH.CH.CI A-438 | CHF Cir
A-397 | CH(CHs)-c-CsHs_| CH-CH-CI A-439 | CHCl o-CaHr
‘A-398 | CHs-0-CsHo ‘CHACH.CI ‘A-440 | CHsCH2CN Cir
A-399 [ CHr-o-CoHs CHeCH.CI ‘A-441 | CH.CH-CI o-CsHr
A400 | Gets ‘CHACH.CI A-442 | o-CaHs Cir
‘A-401 | CHs 6-CaHs ‘A443 | CAH o-CsHr
A-402 | Colts o-CaHs A444 | o-CsHo Cir
‘A-403 | CH=CH. o-CoHs A-445 | 6-CoHi1 o-CsHr
A-404 | CHsCH2CHs o-CaHs A-446 | CHs-o-CaHs Cir
‘A-405 | CH(CHs)2 o-CaHs A-447 | CH(CHs)-o-CoHs | 6-CsHy
A-406 | CHsCH2CH2CHa_| o-CaHs ‘A-448 | CHs-o-CsHo Cir
A-407 | C(CHs)s o-CaHs A-449 | CHr-o-CoHis o-CsHr
A-408 | CHsCH(CHa)e o-CaHs A-450 | CsHs Cir
A-409 | CH(CHs)CHzCH> | o-CaHs A-451 | CHa 6-CsHo
A-410 | CHsCH=CH2 o-CaHs A482 | Cots o-CsHe
‘A411 | CH.C=CH o-CsHs A-453 | CH=CH2 o-CsHo
A-412 | CH(CH:)CH=CHp | 6-CaHs A-454 | CH:CH2CHs o-CsHe
A413 | CHF, o-CsHs A-455 | CH(CHs)2 6-CsHo
A-414 | CHCl o-CaHs A-456 | CHxCH:CH2CHa _| 6-C:Ho
‘A-415 | CH:CHACN o-CsHs A-457 | C(CHa)s o-CsHo
A-416 | CHsCH-Cl o-CaHs ‘A-458 | CH2CH(CHs)2 o-CoHeWO 2014053401 a7 PCT/EP2013/070154
Re Re Re Re
‘A-459 | CH(CH:)CHACHs | 6-C:He A-501 | CH CHe-c-C3Hs
‘A-460 | CH2CH=CH2 6-CsHs ‘A-602 | CoHs (CHo-c-CaH
‘A-461 | CH.C=CH o-CoHe ‘A-503 | CH=CHe CHe-c-C3Hs
‘A-462 | CH(CHs)CH=CHe | o-CsHo A-604 | CHzCH2CHs (CHo-c-CaH
A-463 | CHF o-CsHe ‘A-505 | CH(CHa)2 CHo-c-CaHs
A-464 | CHCl o-CsHe ‘A-606 | CHzCH2CH2CHa | CH-0-CaHs
A-465 | CHsCH2CN o-CeHe A-807 | C(CHs)s CHo-c-CaHs
A-466 | CH.CH.CI 6-CsHs A-608 | CHzCH(CHs)2__| CHr-c-CsHs
A467 | 6-CsHs o-CsHe ‘A-509 | CH(CHa)CH2CHs | CH2-0-CaHs
A-468 | ¢-CsHr 6-CsHs ‘A610 | CHsCH=CH2 CHo-c-CsHs |
A-469 | 6-CsHo o-CeHe A811 | CHsC=CH CHo-c-CaHs
A470 | 6-H 6-CsHs ‘A612 | CH(CHs)CH=CHe_| CHz-0-C3Hs
A471 | CHs-0-CoHs o-CsHe A513 | CHF2 (CHo-c-CaHs
A-472 | CH(CHs)-c-CsHs_| o-CsHlo A814 | CHCl CHo-c-CsHs |
‘A473 | CHi-0-CsHo -CsHe A-515 | CHsCH2CN (CHo-c-CaHs
A474 | CHe-o-CcH1 6-CsHs A816 | CH.CH.CI CHe-c-CsHs
A-AT5 | CoHs o-CsHe A517 | &-C3Hs (CHo-c-CaHs
A476 | CHa o-CcH A818 | o-CiHr CHe-c-CsHs
A477 | CoHs o-CeHit A519 | c-CsHo (CHo-c-CaH
‘A478 | CH=CHe oC A820 | -CsHit (CHe-o-CaHs
A479 | CH:CH2CHs o-CoHns ‘A-621 | CHr-o-CaHs (CHo-c-CaH
‘A-480 | CH(CHs)2 oC ‘A-822 | CH(CHs}-0-CsHs_ | CH2-0-CaHs
A-481 | CHsCH2CH2CHs _| 6-CoHss ‘A-623 | CHr-o-CsHo (CHo-c-CaH
A-482 | C(CHs)s o-CeHn A824 | CHo-CeHi (CHo-c-CaHs
A-483 | CHsCH(CHa)2___| 6-CoHss A-625 | CoHs (CHo-c-CaH
‘A-484 | CH(CHa)CH2CHs | o-CeHis A-526 | CH CH(CHs)-c-CsHs
‘A-485 | CH:CH=CH> o-CoHn A827 | CoHs CH(CH:)--CaHs
‘A-486 | CH2C=CH Cen ‘A-28 | CH=CHo CH(CHs)-c-CaHs
‘A-487 | CH(CHs)CH=CH? | o-CeHi A629 | CHsCHsCHs CH(CH:)-c-CaHs
A-488 | CHF Cen ‘A-830 | CH(CHa)e
A-489 | CHCl o-CoHi1 A-631 | CHxCH2CHsCHs
‘A-490 | CHsCH2CN Cen A-832 | C(CHa)s
‘A-491 | CH.CH-CI o-CcHis A633 | CH2CH(CHs)2___| CH(CHs)-c-CsHs
A-492 | 6-CaHs Cen ‘A-834 | CH(CHa)CH2CHs_ | CH(CHs)-o-CHs
A-493 | 6-CsH 6-OcHns ‘A-635 | CHsCH=CH2 CH(CH;)-c-CsHs
A-494 | c-CsHo oC ‘A-836 | CH2C=CH CH(CHs)-c-CsHs,
A495 | o-CsH 6-CsHn ‘A537 | CH(CHs)CH=CH2_| CH(CHa)-c-CaHs
‘A-496 | CHs-0-CaHs CH A-638 | CHF CH(CHs)-c-CaHs
A-497 | CH(CHs)-c-C:Hs | ¢-CeH1 A539 | CHCl CH(CH;)-c-CsHs
‘A-498 | CHs-0-CsHo CH A-640 | CHsCH2CN CH(CHs)-c-CaHs,
A-499 | CHr-c-CoHi o-OcHns A641 | CH.CH.Cl CH(CH:)-c-CaHs
A-600 | CcHs CoH A-642 | c-CaHs CH(CHs)-c-CaHs,WO 2014053401 28 PCT/EP2013/070154
Re Re Re Re
A543 | o-CiHr CH(CH,)-c-CaHs | | A-585 | CH,CH=CH, CHao-CsHit
A544 | o-CsHo CH(CHs)-c-CaHts _| | A-586 | CHzC=CH (CHe-c-CoHti1
A545 | O-CeHi CH(CH,)-c-CaHs | | A-587 | CH(CHs)CH=CH. | CHz-o-CsHin
A646 | CHo-o-CaHs CH(CHs)-c-CaHls_| | A-588 | CHF CHe-o-CoHi1
‘A-547 | CH(CHs)-c-CaHs | CH(CH3)-0-C:Hs || A-589 | CHLCI CHae-CsHit
A648 | CHo-o-CsHo CH(CHs)-c-CsHls_| | A-690 | CH>CH2CN (CHe-c-CoHi1
‘A549 | CHo-o-CeHit CH(CHa)-c-CaHs | | A591 | CHsCH.CI CHao-CsHit
A-860 | CoH CH(CHs)-c-CaHs || A-592 | c-CaHs CHe-o-CoHi1
A551 | CHe CHao-CsHo A-593 | 6-CiHr CHao-CsHit
A852 | CHs CHz-o-CsHs ‘A-504 | 6-CsHe CHeo-CoHi1
‘A-553 | CH=CHe (CHac-CsHo A595 | 6-CaHit CHeo-CsHi1
‘A-654 | CH2CH2CHs CHz-o-CsHs ‘A-696 | CHr-0-CaHs CHe-o-CoHi1
‘A555 | CH(CHs)2 (CHo-o-CsHo ‘A-597 | CH(CHs)-c-CaHs | CHo-o-CsHit
‘A656 | CH2CH2CH:CHa_| CHr-0-CsHo ‘A-698 | CH2-0-CsHo CHeo-CoHi1
A587 | (CHa) (CHa-o-CsHo A-899 | CHs-o-CoHis CHao-CsHit
A-668 | CH:CH(CHs)2__| CHz-o-CsHo A-600 | CoHs CHzo-CoHi1
‘A-559 | CH(CHs)CHzCH | CH-o-CsHo ‘A-601 | CH CeHs
‘A-660 | CH:CH=CH2 CHz-o-CsHs A602 | CoHs CoH
‘A561 | CH2C=CH CHo-c-CsHo ‘A-603 | CH=CHe CoH
‘A-562 | CH(CHs)CH=CH2 | CHro-CsHe ‘A-604 | CH.CH.CHs CoH
‘A-863 | CHF2 CHo-c-CsHs A-605 | CH(CHs)2 CoHs
‘A564 | CH.CI CHa-CsHe ‘A-606 | CH2CH:CH.CHs | CeHs
‘A-665 | CH:CH2CN CHo-c-CsHs A-607 | C(CHs)a CoHs
‘A-566 | CH2CH.CI (CHo-CsHo ‘A-608 | CHaCH(CHa)o | CeHs
A567 | o-CsHs CHo-c-CsHs A-609 | CH(CHs)CH2CHs _| Colts
A568 | o-CiHr CHao-CsHo ‘A-610 | CH2CH=CH2 CoH
‘A569 | o-CsHo CHz-o-CsHs A611 | CH=CH CoHs
A570 | o-CeHis CHao-CsHo ‘A-612 | CH(CHs)CH=CHe | CeHs
A871 | CHz-o-CaHs CHz-o-CsHs A613 | CHF CoH
A572 | CH(CHs)-c-CaHs | CHro-CsHo A614 | CHC! CoH
A873 | CHz-o-CsHo CHz-o-CsHs A615 | CH.CH.CN CoH
A574 | CHo-o-CeHit (CHo-6-CsHo A-616 | CH2CH.Cl CeHs
A875 | CoHs CHzo-CsHs A617 | c-CHs CoHs
A576 | CHe CHao-CoHit A618 | CH CeHs
A877 | CHs (CHe-6-Colti1 A619 | -C:Ho CoH
‘A578 | CH=CHe CHao-CoHit A620 | o-CeHit CoHs
‘A-679 | CH2CH2CHs (CHe-6-Colti1 A-621 | CH2-c-CaHs CoH
‘A580 | CH(CHs)2 CHa-6-CoHit ‘A-622 | CH(CHs)-c-CaHs | CeHs
‘A681 | CH:CH2CH:CH | CHr-c-CoHi1 ‘A-623 | CH2-c-CsHo CoH
‘A582 | C(CHs)s CHe-c-CoHi1 ‘A-624 | CH2-0-CsHo CoH
‘A-683 | CH:CH(CHs)2__| CHz-o-CoH11 A625 | CoHs CoH
‘A684 | CH(CHs)CH2CHa_| CH2-o-CoHi1 A-626 | CHs (CHo-c-CiHrWO 2014053401 29 PCT/EP2013/070154
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A-627 | CoHs (CHo-c-CaHr A-669 | c-CsHlo CHeCHo-c-CaHs
‘A-628 | CH=CHe CHeo-CaHr A670 | o-CsHi1 CHCHo-c-C3H5,
A-629 | CH2CH2CHs (CHo-c-CaHr ‘A-671 | CHz-o-CoHs CHeCHo-c-CaHs
A-630 | CH(CH3)2 CHeo-CaHr A672 | CH(CHa)}-0-CsHs_| CHsCH2-6-CsHs
A-631 | CH2CH2CH2CHa_ | CHz-0-CaHr ‘A-673 | CHr-o-CsHo CHeCHo-c-CaHs
A-632 | C(CHs)s, CHo-CaHr A674 | CHro-CeHi CHCH2-c-C3H5
‘A-633 | CH¢CH(CHs)2__| CHr-o-CaHty A675 | CoHs CHeCHo-c-CaHs
‘A-634 | CH(CHs)CH2CHs | CHz-0-CiHr A-676 | CHs CHa(CH2)sCHs:
‘A-635 | CH2CH=CH2 CHo-c-CaHr A677 | CoHs CHe(CH2)sCHs
‘A-636 | CH2C=CH CHo-e-CaHy A-678 | CH=CHe CHa(CH2)sCHs.
‘A-637 | CH(CHs)CH=CHo_| CHz--CsH7 A-679 | CHsCH2CHs CHe(CH2)sCHs
A-638 | CHF CHoo-CaH ‘A-680 | CH(CHa)2 CHa(CH2)sCHs.
A639 | CHCl CHeo-CaHr ‘A681 | CH2CH2CH2CHs | CH2(CHz)sCHa
A-640 | CHsCH.CN CHo-o-CaH A-682 | C(CHa)s CHa(CH2)sCHs.
‘A-641 | CHCH.CI CHeo-CaHr A-683 | CHzCH(CHs)2__| CHo(CH2)sCHs
A-642 | o-CaHs (CHo-o-CaH ‘A-684 | CH(CHa)CH2CHs | CHa(CH2)sCHe
A643 | o-CaH CHr-c-CaHy ‘A-685 | CH:CH=CH2 CHz(CH2)sCHa
A-644 | c-CsHo (CHo-c-CaH ‘A-686 | CH2C=CH CHa(CHa)sCHs
A645 | c-CoHi1 CH-c-CaHty ‘A687 | CH(CHs)CH=CH2 | CH.(CHz)sCHs
‘A-646 | CHr-o-CoHs CHe-c-CaHr ‘A-688 | CHF CHe(CH2)sCHa
A-647 | CH(CHs)}-0-CsHs_ | CHs-0-CuHr A-689 | CH.CI CHa(CH2)sCHs.
‘A-648 [| CHr-o-CsHo CHo-c-CaHr ‘A-690 | CH2CH-CN CHe(CHa)sCHa
A-649 | CHeo-CeHi CHo-CaHr A-691 | CH.CH.CI CHA(CH2)sCHs.
A-650 | CoHs (CHo-c-CaHr ‘A-692 | c-Catts CHe(CH2)sCH
A-651 | CHs CH2CH2-c-C3Hs5 A-693 | c-CaH CHA(CH2)sCHs.
A-652 | CoHs CHeCH2-c-CaHs A-694 | c-CsHls CHe(CH2)sCHs
‘A-653 | CH=CH CHeCHa-0-C3H5 A-695 | o-CsHi1 CHA(CH2)sCHs.
A-654 | CH:CH2CHs CHeCH2-c-CaHs ‘A-696 | CHr-o-CoHs CHe(CH2)sCHs
A-655 | CH(CHa)2 CHeCH-0-CaH5, ‘A-697 | CH(CHa)}-0-CsHs_ | CHa(CHz)sCHs
A-656 | CH>CH-CH:CHs _| CHzCHz-c-CaHs A698 | CHr-o-CsHo CHz(CH2)sCH
A-657 | C(CHa)s CHeCHa-0-CaH5 A-699 | CHro-CeHi CHa(CH2)sCHs.
A-658 | CH>CH(CHs)2__| CHsCHz-c-CsHs A-700 | CoHs CHa(CHa)sCHa
‘A-659 | CH(CHa)CH2CHs | CHsCHo-0-CsHs A-701 | CHs CH(CHs)CH(CHa)2
‘A-660 | CH:CH=CH2 CHsCH-c-CsHs A-702 | CHs CH(CHs)CH(CHs)2
‘A-661 | CHzC=CH CH2CHa-c-CaHs ‘A-703 | CH=CHe CH(CHs)CH(CHa)2
‘A-662 | CH(CHs)CH=CH2 | CH2CHz-0-CsHs A-704 | CH/CH-CHs CH(CHs)CH(CHs)2
A-663 | CHF CHCHe-c-CaHs A-705 | CH(CH2)2 CH(CHs)CH(CHa)2
A-664 | CH.CI CH2CHr-c-CsHs ‘A-706 | CH2CH2CH2CHs _ | CH(CHs)CH(CHs)2
‘A-665 | CH:CH2CN CHeCHa-c-CaHs A-707 | C(CHa)s, CH(CHs)CH(CHa)2
A-666 | CH:CH,CI (CHsCH-c-CsHs A-708 | CH2CH(CHs)2__| CH(CHs)CH(CHs)2
A-667 | c-CaHs CHeCHo-c-CaHs A-709 | CH(CHs)CH2CHs_ | CH(CHa)CH(CHs)2
A-668 | o-CiHy CH2CH-c-CsHs ‘A-740 | CH:CH=CH2 CH(CHs)CH(CHa)210
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Re Re Re Re
A-T11 | CH>C=CH (CH(CHs)CH(CHs)2_| | A-729 | CHa{CHz)-c-C3Hs
‘A724 | CHo-CoHit (CH(CHs)CH(CHa)2_| | A-742 | CH(CHs)CH(CHs)2_ | CH(CHa)CH(CHa)2
4-725 | CoHs (CH(CHs)CH(CHs)2_| | A-743 | CHACHz)sCHs | CHa{CH2)sCHs
‘A-726 | CHa (CH.(CH2)sCHs A744 | (CHo)s
A727 | Gs (CH-(CH2)sCHs ‘A-745 | CH-CHSCH2
‘A-728 | C(CHs)s (CH:(CHz)CHs
c-CsHs: cyclopropyl; c-C4Hr: cyclobutyl; c-CsHe: cyclopentyl; c-CsH;1: cyclohexyl;
CHz-¢-CsHs: cyclopropylmethyl; CH(CHs)-c-C2Hs: 1-cyclopropylethy|;
CHz-c-CsHe: cyclopentylmethyl; CHo-c-CsHe: cyclopentylmethyl; CéHs: phenyl
CHCHe-c-CsHs: 2-cyclopropylethyl; CHz-c-C:H7: 2-cyclobutylmethy|; 2-EtHex:
CHsCH(C2Hs)(CHa)sCH
A group of especially preferred compounds of formula | are compounds I+1 to I-40 of formula
IA-1 which are listed in the table C in the example section.
In one embodiment, a compound selected from the compounds I-1 to I-40 as defined in Table C
in the Example Section at the end of the description, are preferred in the methods and uses
according to the invention,
In one embodiment, a compound selected from compounds I-11, I-16, I-21, 1-26, |-31 is the
compound | in the methods and uses according to the invention, which are defined in accord-
ance with Table C of the example section:10
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(At)
Table C”
RU [Re [R? [Re Re
1-11 | Me cl CFs C2Hs CoHs
ie [or [er | CFs | Cas CoHs
1-21 | Me cl CFs CH(CHs)2_ | CH(CHa)2
126 [or [cl | CFs | CH(CHs)2_| CH(CHs)2
1-31 | Br Br CFs CoHs Cas
In one embodiment, I-11 is the compound | in the methods and uses according to the invention.
In one embodiment, I-16 is the compound | in the methods and uses according to the invention.
In one embodiment, |-21 is the compound | in the methods and uses according to the invention.
In one embodiment, |-26 is the compound | in the methods and uses according to the invention.
In one embodiment, I-31 is the compound | in the methods and uses according to the invention.
Methods of improving plant health
The compounds of formula (|) as defined herein, or a stereoisomer, salt, tautomer or N-oxide
thereof, or the compositions comprising them, are used for improving the health of plants when
applied to plants, parts of plants, propagules of the plants or to their actual or intended locus of
growth,
Thus, the invention also relates to a method for improving the health of plants, which comprises
treating the plant, a part of the plant, the locus where the plant is growing or is expected to
grow, and/or the propagules from which the plant grows with the compound or composition
used according to the invention.
‘As a matter of course, the compound of formula (I) is used in an effective and non-phytotoxic
amount. This means that they are used in a quantity which allows to obtain the desired effect
but which does not give rise to any phytotoxic symptom on the treated plant or on the plant
grown from the treated propagule or treated soil10
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The plants to be treated are generally plants of economic importance and/or men-grown plants.
Thus, they are preferably selected from agricultural, silvicultural and ornamental plants.
The term “plant health" (health of a plant) is defined as a condition of the plant and/or its prod-
ucts which is determined by several aspects alone or in combination with each other such as
yield (for example increased biomass and/or increased content of valuable ingredients), plant
vigor (for example improved plant growth and/or greener leaves (“greening effect"), quality (for
‘example improved content or composition of certain ingredients) and tolerance to abiotic and/or
biotic stress.
The above identified indicators for the health condition of a plant may be interdependent or they
may result from each other. Each listed plant health indicator listed below, and which is selected
from the groups consisting of yield, plant vigor, quality and tolerance to abiotic and/or biotic
stress, is to be understood as a preferred embodiment of the present invention either each on
its own or preferably in combination with each other.
‘One indicator for the condition of the plant is the crop yield. “Crop yield” is to be understood as
any plant product of economic value that is produced by the plant such as grains, fruits in the
proper sense, vegetables, nuts, grains, seeds, wood (e.g. in the case of silviculture plants) or
even flowers (e.g. in the case of gardening plants, ornamentals). The plant products may in ad-
dition be further utilized and/or processed after harvesting.
Thus, the invention relates to a method for increasing the yield of a plant or its product.
According to the present invention, “increased yield” of a plant, in particular of an agricultural,
silvicultural and/or ornamental plant means that the yield of a product of the respective plant is
increased by a measurable amount over the yield of the same product of the plant produced
under the same conditions, but without the application of the compound or composition of the
invention.
Increased crop yield can be characterized, among others, by following improved properties of
the plant:
* increased plant weight,
* increased plant height,
* increased biomass such as higher overall fresh weight
* higher grain yield
+ more tillers
* larger leaves
* increased shoot growth
* increased protein content
* increased oil content
* increased starch content
* increased pigment content10
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According to one embodiment of the present invention, the yield is increased by at least 1%.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the yield is increased by at least 2%.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the yield is increased by at least 4%.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the yield is increased by at least 5 %.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the yield is increased by least 10%.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the yield is increased by least 15%.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the yield is increased by least 30%.
Another indicator for the condition of the plant is the plant vigor. The plant vigor becomes mani-
fest in several aspects such as the general visual appearance.
Thus, the invention relates to a method for increasing the vigor of a plant or its product.
Improved plant vigor can be characterized, among others, by following improved properties of
the plant:
* improved vitality of the plant,
improved plant growth,
improved plant development,
improved visual appearance,
improved plant stand (less plant verse/lodging),
* improved emergence,
* enhanced root growth and/or more developed root system,
* enhanced nodulation, in particular rhizobial nodulation,
* bigger leaf blade,
* bigger size,
* increased plant weight,
* increased plant height,
* increased tiller number,
* increased shoot growth,
* increased root growth (extensive root system),
* increased yield when grown on poor soils or unfavorable climate,
* enhanced photosynthetic activity
* enhanced pigment content (e.g. Chlorophyll content)
* earlier flowering,
* earlier fruiting,
* earlier and improved germination,
+ earlier grain maturity,
* improved self-defence mechanisms
* improved stress tolerance and resistance of the plants against biotic and abiotic stress
factors such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, insects, heat stress, cold stress, drought stress,
UV stress and/or salt stress
+ less non-productive tillers,
+ less dead basal leaves,
* less input needed (such as fertilizers or water)
+ greener leaves10
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+ complete maturation under shortened vegetation periods
+ less fertilizers needed,
+ less seeds needed,
* easier harvesting
* faster and more uniform ripening
+ longer shelf-life
* longer panicles,
* delay of senescence,
* stronger and/or more productive tillers,
* better extractability of ingredients
+ improved quality of seeds (for being seeded in the following seasons for seed produc-
tion)
* reduced production of ethylene and/or the inhibition of its reception by the plant
The improvement of the plant vigor according to the present invention particularly means that
the improvement of any one or several or all of the above mentioned plant characteristics are
improved independently of the pesticidal action of the composition or active ingredients.
Another indicator for the condition of the plant is the “quality” of a plant and/or the products of
the respective plant. According to the present invention, enhanced quality means that certain
crop characteristics such as the content or composition of certain ingredients are increased or
improved by a measurable or noticeable amount over the same factor of the plant produced
under the same conditions, but without the application of the composition of the present inven-
tion. The quality of a product of the respective plant becomes manifest in several aspects.
Thus, the invention relates to a method for increasing the quality of a plant or its product.
Enhanced quality can be characterized, among others, by following improved properties of the
plant or its product:
increased nutrient content
increased protein content
increased content of fatty acids
increased metabolite content
increased carotenoid content
increased sugar content
increased amount of essential amino acids
improved nutrient composition
improved protein composition
improved composition of fatty acids
improved metabolite composition
improved carotenoid composition
improved sugar composition
improved amino acids composition
* improved or optimal fruit color10
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+ improved leaf color
* higher storage capacity
+ higher processability of the harvested products
Another indicator for the condition of the plant is the plant's tolerance or resistance to biotic
andlor abiotic stress factors. Biotic and abiotic stress, especially over longer terms, can have
harmful effects on plants.
‘Thus, the invention relates to a method for increasing the tolerance and/or resistance of a plant
or its product against biotic and/or abiotic stress.
Biotic stress is caused by living organisms while abiotic stress is caused for example by envi-
ronmental extremes. According to the present invention, "enhanced tolerance or resistance to
biotic and/or abiotic stress factors" means (1.) that certain negative factors caused by biotic
and/or abiotic stress are diminished in a measurable or noticeable amount as compared to
wns, but without being treated with the compound or compo-
sition of the invention and (2.) that the negative effects are not diminished by a direct action of
the composition on the stress factors, e.g. by its fungicidal or insecticidal action which directly
destroys the microorganisms or pests, but rather by a stimulation of the plants’ own defensive
reactions against said stress factors.
plants exposed to the same condi
Increased tolerance or resistance can be characterized, among others, by following improved
properties of the plant or its product: when grown under the impact of biotic and/or abiotic stress
factors.
Negative factors caused by biotic stress such as pathogens and pests are widely known and
range from dotted leaves to total destruction of the plant. Biotic stress can be caused by living
organisms, such as:
* pests (for example insects, arachnides, nematodes),
* competing plants (for example weeds),
* microorganisms such as phythopathogenic fungi bacteria,
+ viruses
Negative factors caused by abiotic stress are also well-known and can often be observed as
reduced plant vigor (see above), for example dotted leaves, "burned leaves", reduced growth,
less flowers, less biomass, less crop yields, reduced nutritional value of the crops, later crop
maturity, to give just a few examples. Abiotic stress can be caused for example by:
extremes in temperature such as heat or cold (heat stress / cold stress),
* strong variations in temperature,
* temperatures unusual for the specific season,
* drought (drought stress),
+ extreme wetness,
+ high salinity (salt stress),
* radiation (for example by increased UV radiation due to the decreasing ozone layer),10
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+ increased ozone levels (ozone stress)
* organic pollution (for example by phythotoxic amounts of pesticides)
+ inorganic pollution (for example by heavy metal contaminants),
Thus, in one embodiment, the invention relates to a method for increasing the resistance to
heat, cold or strong variations in temperature.
As a result of biotic and/or abiotic stress factors, the quantity and the quality of the stressed
plants, their crops and fruits decrease. As far as quality is concerned, reproductive development
is usually severely affected with consequences on the crops which are important for fruits or
seeds. Synthesis, accumulation and storage of proteins are mostly affected by temperature;
growth is slowed by almost all types of stress; polysaccharide synthesis, both structural and
storage is reduced or modified: these effects bring to a decrease in biomass (yield) and to
changes in the nutritional value of the product.
Advantageous properties, obtained especially from treated seeds, are e.g. improved germina-
tion and field establishment, better vigor, more homogen field establishment.
The above identified indicators for the health condition of a plant may be interdependent and
may result from each other. For example, an increased resistance to biotic and/or abiotic stress
may lead to a better plant vigor, e.g. to better and bigger crops, and thus to an increased yield.
Inversely, a more developed root system may result in an increased resistance to biotic and/or
abiotic stress. However, these interdependencies and interactions are neither all known nor fully
understood and therefore the different indicators will be described separately.
In one embodiment, the invention relates to a methods and uses according to the invention
wherein the plant is an agricultural, silvicultural and/or ornamental plant.
In one embodiment of the invention, the present invention provides the use of the compound of
the invention for increasing the yield of a plant or its product, preferably of an agricultural, sil
cultural and/or ornamental plant.
In one embodiment of the invention, the present invention provides the use of the compound of
the invention for increasing the vigor of a plant or its product, preferably of an agricultural, silvi-
cultural and/or ornamental plant.
In one embodiment of the invention, the present invention provides the use of the compound of
the invention for increasing the quality of a plant or its product, preferably of an agricultural, sil-
vicultural and/or omamental plant.
In one embodiment of the invention, the present invention provides the use of the compound of
the invention for increasing the tolerance andlor resistance of a plant or its product against bio-
tic and/or abiotic stress, preferably of an agricultural, silvicultural and/or ornamental plant.10
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In one embodiment of the invention, the present invention provides the use of the compound of
the invention for increasing the yield and/or improving the vigor of a plant, e.g. of an agricultural,
silvicultural and/or ornamental plant.
In one embodiment of the invention, the tolerance of and/or resistance against biotic stress fac-
tors is enhanced. Thus, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the in-
ventive compounds or compositions are used for stimulating the natural defensive reactions of a
plant against a pathogen and/or a pest. Thereby, the plant can be protected against unwanted
microorganisms such as phytopathogenic fungi and/or bacteria or even viruses and/or against
pests such as insects, arachnids and nematodes, and it has been found that the inventive com-
positions result in plant strengthening effects. Therefore, they are useful for mobilizing the
plant's defense mechanisms against the attack of unwanted microorganisms and/or pests. Con-
‘sequently, the plant becomes tolerant or even resistant towards these microorganisms and/or
pests.
In one embodiment of the invention, the tolerance of and/or resistance against abiotic stress
factors is enhanced. Thus, according to a further embodiment of the present invention, the in-
ventive compounds or compositions are used for stimulating a plant's own defensive reactions
against abiotic stress such as extremes in temperature, e.g. heat or cold or strong variations in
temperature or temperatures unusual for the specific season, drought, extreme wetness, high
salinity, radiation (e.g. increased UV radiation due to the decreasing ozone protective layer),
increased ozone levels, organic pollution (e.g. by phythotoxic amounts of pesticides) and/or
inorganic pollution (e.g. by heavy metal contaminants)
In one embodiment of the invention, the inventive compositions are used for stimulating a
plant’s own defensive reactions against abiotic stress, where the abiotic stress factors are pref-
erably selected from extremes in temperature, drought, salt and extreme wetness.
Therefore, the invention relates to the use of a compound of formula (|) as defined here!
‘composition comprising said compound, for
* improving the health of a plant, and/or
* for increasing the yield of a plant or its product, , and/or
* for increasing the vigor of a plant or its product., and/or
* for increasing the quality of a plant or its product, and/or
* for increasing the tolerance and/or resistance of a plant or its product against biotic
andjor abiotic stress, and/or
* for increasing the resistance to heat, cold or strong variations in temperature.
In one embodiment, the invention relates to a method for improving the health of a plant, which
method comprises applying a compound of formula I, which is selected from the compounds I+1
to |-40 as defined in Table C. More specifically, the compound | is selected from compounds I-
11, 1-16, I-21, |-26, |-31 which are defined in accordance with Table C of the example section,10
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more specifically compound I-11, more specifically compound I-16, more specifically compound
1-21, more specifically compound I-26, more specifically compound I-31
In one embodiment, the invention relates to a method for increasing the yield of a plant or its
product, which method comprises applying a compound of formula |, which is selected from the
‘compounds I-1 to |-40 as defined in Table C. More specifically, the compound lis selected from
‘compounds I-11, I-16, I-21, I-26, |-31 which are defined in accordance with Table C of the ex-
ample section, more specifically compound I-11, more specifically compound I-16, more specifi-
cally compound |-21, more specifically compound I-26, more specifically compound I-31.
In one embodiment, the invention relates to a method for increasing the vigor of a plant or its
product, which method comprises applying a compound of formula |, which is selected from the
‘compounds I-1 to |-40 as defined in Table C. More specifically, the compound lis selected from
‘compounds I-11, |-16, 1-21, I-26, |-31 which are defined in accordance with Table C of the ex-
ample section, more specifically compound I-11, more specifically compound I-16, more specif
cally compound |-21, more specifically compound I-26, more specifically compound I-31.
In one embodiment, the invention relates to a method for increasing the quality of a plant or its
product, which method comprises applying a compound of formula |, which is selected from the
‘compounds I-1 to |-40 as defined in Table C. More specifically, the compound lis selected from
‘compounds I-11, |-16, I-21, I-26, |-31 which are defined in accordance with Table C of the ex-
ample section, more specifically compound I-11, more specifically compound I-16, more specifi-
cally compound |-21, more specifically compound I-26, more specifically compound I-31.
In one embodiment, the invention relates to a method for increasing the tolerance and/or re-
sistance of a plant or its product against biotic and/or abiotic stress, which method comprises.
applying a compound of formula |, which is selected from the compounds I-1 to I-40 as defined
in Table C. More specifically, the compound | is selected from compounds I-11, I-16, 1-21, 1-26,
1-31 which are defined in accordance with Table C of the example section, more specifically
‘compound I-11, more specifically compound I-16, more specifically compound I-21, more spe-
cifically compound I-26, more specifically compound I-31
In one embodiment, the invention relates to a method for increasing the resistance to heat, cold
or strong variations in temperature, which method comprises applying a compound of formula |,
which is selected from the compounds I-1 to I-40 as defined in Table C. More specifically, the
‘compound | is selected from compounds I-11, I-16, -21, I-26, 1-31 which are defined in accord-
ance with Table C of the example section, more specifically compound I-11, more specifically
‘compound I-16, more specifically compound I-21, more specifically compound |-26, more spe-
cifically compound I-31
In one embodiment of the invention, the plant of which the health is to be improved by the
treatment with the compound or composition of the invention is an agricultural plant. Agricultural
plants are plants of which a part or all is harvested or cultivated on a commercial scale or which
serve as an important source of feed, food, fibers (e.g. cotton, linen), combustibles (e.g. wood,
bioethanol, biodiesel, biomass) or other chemical compounds. Agricultural plants also horticul
tural plants, i.e. plants grown in gardens (and not on fields), such as certain fruits and vegeta-
bles.10
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It has to be emphasized that the above mentioned effects of the compound or composition ac-
cording to the invention, i.e. enhanced health of the plant, are also present when the plant is not
under biotic stress and in particular when the plant is not under fungal- or pest pressure. Itis
evident that a plant suffering from fungal or insecticidal attack produces a smaller biomass and
a smaller crop yield as compared to a plant which has been subjected to curative or preventive
treatment against the pathogenic fungus or pest and which can grow without the damage
caused by the biotic stress factor. However, the method according to the invention leads to an
enhanced plant health even in the absence of any biotic stress and in particular of any phyto-
pathogenic fungi or pest. This means that the positive effects of the compound or composition
of the invention cannot be explained just by the fungicidal or insecticidal activities of the com-
pounds of components (A) and (B), but are based on further activity profiles. But of course,
plants under biotic stress can be treated, too, according to the methods of the present invention
Method and uses for reducing nitrous oxide emission
‘As mentioned above, the uses and methods according to the invention also include methods for
reducing nitrous oxide emission from soils. These methods may also be considered as methods
improving plant health, due to the beneficial effect on the plant itself.
Thus, the present invention relates to a method for reducing nitrous oxide emission from soils
‘comprising treating a plant growing on the respective soil and/or the locus where the plant is
growing or is intended to grow and/or the seeds from which the plant grows with at least one
‘compound of formula | according to the invention, more preferably a compound of formula IA,
also preferably a compound of formula IB, also preferably a compound of formula IC, also pref-
erably a compound of formula ID; more preferably a compound selected from the compounds I-
1 to I-40 as defined in Table C; more preferably a compound selected from compounds I-11, I-
16, 1-21, I-26, |-31 according to Table C/C’.
The present invention relates to a method for reducing nitrous oxide emission from soils com-
prising treating a plant growing on the respective soil and/or the locus where the plant is grow-
ing or is intended to grow and/or the seeds from which the plant grows with
A) atleast one compound of formula | according to the invention, more preferably a compound
of formula IA, also preferably a compound of formula IB, also preferably a compound of
formula IC, also preferably a compound of formula ID; more preferably a compound select-
ed from the compounds I-1 to I-40 as defined in Table C; more preferably a compound se-
lected from compounds I-11, I-16, I-21, 1-26, I-31 according to Table C/C’,
B) and at least one ammonium- or urea-containing fertilizer (compound B) selected from the
group consisting of:
(B1) inorganic fertilizer:
NPK fertilizer, ammonium nitrate, calcium ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate;
nitrate, ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphate;
(82) organic fertilizer:
liquid manure, semi-liquid manure, stable manure and straw manure, worm castings, com-
post, seaweed and guano;10
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The invention relates to such a method as described above, wherein the application of at least
‘one compound | (A) and at least one compound (B) is carried out with a time lag of at least 1
day.
In addition, the present invention relates to a method for reducing nitrous oxide emission from
soils as described above, wherein the ammonium- or urea-containing fertilizer (compound B) is
applied together with at least one nitrification inhibitor (compound C) selected from the group
consisting of 2-(3,4-dimethyl-pyrazol-1-yl)-succinic acid, 3,4-dimethylpyrazolephosphate
(DMPP), dicyandiamide (DCD), 1H-1,2,4-triazole, 3-methylpyrazole (3-MP), 2-chloro-6-
((richloromethyl)-pyridine, 5-ethoxy-3-trichloromethyl-1,2,4-thiadiazol, 2-amino-4-chloro-6-
methyl-pyrimidine, 2-mercapto-benzothiazole, 2-sulfanilamidothiazole, thiourea, sodium azide,
potassium azide, 1-hydroxypyrazole, 2-methylpyrazole-1-carboxamide, 4-amino-1,2,4-triazole,
3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole, 2,4-diamino-6-trichloromethyl-6-triazine, carbon bisulfide, ammonium
thiosulfate, sodium trithiocarbonate, 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranol methyl carbamate
and N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-N-(methoxyacetyl)-alanine methyl ester.
Nitrogen is an essential element for plant growth and reproduction. About 25% of the plant-
available nitrogen in soils (ammonium and nitrate) originate from decomposition processes
(mineralization) of organic nitrogen compounds such as humus, plant and animal residues and
organic fertilizers. Approximately 5% derive from rainfall. On a global basis, the biggest part
(70%), however, are supplied to the plant by inorganic nitrogen fertilizers. Without the use of
nitrogenous fertilizers, the earth would not be able to support its current population.
Soil microorganisms convert organic nitrogen to ammonium (NHs*) which is subsequently oxi-
dized to nitrate (NOs) in a process known as nitrification. Nitrate is very important in agriculture,
because it is one form of nitrogen which is preferably taken up by the plants due to its high
plant-availability. However, nitrate is also highly mobile in the soil. As a consequence, it may be
readily lost from soils leaching to groundwater. In addition, nitrogen is lost by denitrification
which is the microbiological conversion of nitrate and nitrite (NO) to gaseous forms of nitrogen
such as nitrous oxide (NO) and molecular nitrogen (Nz). As a result of the various losses, ap-
proximately 50% of the applied nitrogen is lost during the year following fertilizer addition (cf.
Nelson and Huber; Nitrification inhibitors for corn production (2001). National Corn Handbook,
lowa State University).
Consequently, there is great concern that the intensive use of fertilizer and the application of
livestock wastes may lead to increased nitrogen levels in the groundwater and surface waters
which in turn could lead to increased eutrophication of lakes and streams.
In addition, nitrogen fertilization and livestock wastes may increase the production of nitrous
oxide, significantly contributing to the stratospheric ozone destruction and global warming. Be-
sides nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CHs) are important gases produced by
native and agricultural soils. Depending on various parameters such as weather and soil type,
increased fertilization and tillage can additionally increase nitrous oxide emissions.10
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As a consequence, one of the biggest challenge to the world community in the coming years will
be the reduction of gases responsible for the greenhouse effect in the atmosphere or at least
the stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would pre-
vent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. This concem is expressed
in the Kyoto Protocol in which the ratifying countries commit to reduce their emissions of green-
house gases or engage in emissions trading if they maintain or increase emissions of these
gases.
‘One of the best known greenhouse gases is carbon dioxide. However, nitrous oxide is another
cause of great concem. Throughout the 20th century and continuing into the 21st century, ni-
trous oxide has increased by 50 parts per billion in the atmosphere and is rising further by
0.25% each year. Although nitrous oxide only accounts for around 9% of the total greenhouse
gas emissions, one has to keep in mind that it has a 300-fold greater global warming potential
than carbon dioxide over the next 100 years and an atmospheric lifetime of approximately 150
years.
The above listed trends may result in increased levels of nitrogen in natural waters, crop resi-
due, and municipal and agricultural wastes, creating national and international concems about
the environment and the public health.
Dharnaraj P.S. in Lal and Lal (Editors) (Effects of pesticides on nitrification and denitrification
(1988). Pesticides and Nitrogen Cycle) describes the effect of various pesticides on nitrification
and denitrification. The studies described therein show that most fungicides do not have any
effect on nitrification and denitrification. In addition, the method steps according to the invention
as well as the surprising effect are not disclosed.
Mosier et al. (Nitrous oxide emission from agricultural fields; Assessment, measurement and
mitigation (1996). Plant and Soil 131: 95.108) summarized the effects of nitrification inhibitors
‘on NO emissions from fertilized soils. A number of studies indicated that nitrification inhibitors
did limit NzO emission from soils fertilized with ammonium-based fertilizers.
Furthermore, Kinney et al. (Effects of fungicides on trace gas fluxes (2004). Journal of Geo-
physical Research 109: 1- 15) have hypothesized that the variations in gases flux from agricul-
tural soils may also be affected by the quantity and type of agricultural chemicals (pesticides)
used. They carried out field experiments and determined the effect to two commonly used multi-
site fungicides, mancozeb and chlorothalonil, on trace gas exchange.
Kinney et al. (Laboratory investigations into the effects of the pesticides mancozeb, chlorotha-
lonil , and prosulfuron on nitrous oxide and nitric oxide production in fertilized soil (2008). Soil
Biology & Biochemistry 37: 837-850) additionally investigated the effects of mancozeb, chlor-
thalonil and the herbicide prosulfuron on N2O production by nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria in
fertilized soil
‘Somda et al. (1991). Influence of biocides on tomato nitrogen uptake and soil nitrification and
denitirification. Journal of Plant Nutrition 14 (11): 1187-99) investigated the impact of benlate,
captan, and lime-sulfur fungicides compared to nitrification inhibitors on nitrification.10
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WO 98/05607 is directed to the use of inorganic or organic polyacids for the treatment of inor-
ganic fertilizers, in particular the use of the polyacids as a mixture with at least one nitrification
inhibitor for the treatment of inorganic fertilizers,
WO 08/059083 relates to a method for increasing the carbon dioxide sequestration from the
atmosphere by treating a plant, a part of the plant, the locus where the plant is growing or is
intended to grow and/or the plant propagules with certain active ingredients. The invention also
relates to the use of the compounds for increasing the dry biomass of a plant.
Nitrification and denitrification are the two main processes by which nitrous oxide is produced in
soil environments. It is expected that the yearly application of nitrogen fertilizers and pesticides
will more than double over the next 50 years. In addition, the agricultural cropland is expected to
increase by 5,5 x 10® ha hectares by the year 2050 (of. Tilman et al. (2001): Forecasting agricul
turally driven global environmental change. Science. Vol. 292: 281-284). As a consequence,
agricultural soils will ikely have an ever-increasing influence on the global atmospheric budgets
of carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and methane. With respect to agricultural production systems, it
could be shown that fertilization and tillage more than double N-O emissions from soils.
There is also concer that the intensive use of fertilizer and the application of livestock wastes
could lead to increased nitrogen levels in groundwater and surface waters, and that this in turn
could lead to increased eutrophication of lakes and streams,
Besides the potential impact on global warming, the production of NzO reduces the amount of
nitrogen available to the plants.
It was therefore an object of the present invention to provide a reliable method which solves the
problems outlined above, and which should, in particular, reduce nitrous oxide emission from
soils. In particular, from soils which are fertilized.
‘Surprisingly, we have found that this object is achieved when treating a plant and/or the locus
such as the soil where the plant is growing or is intended to grow and/or the seeds from which
the plant grows with at least one compound of formula | according to the invention (compound
‘A) and at least one ammonium- or urea-containing fertilizer (compound B) wherein the applica-
tion of compound (A) and compound (B) is carried out with a time lag of at least 1 day.
The object of the present invention can also be achieved when treating a plant and/or the locus
such as the soil where the plant is growing or is intended to grow and/or the seeds from which
the plant grows with an agrochemical mixture, comprising at least one compound of formula |
according to the invention, in combination with at least one compound II as defined herein
(compound group A), and at least one ammonium- or urea-containing fertilizer (compound B)
wherein the application of the mixture comprising at least two compounds (A) and compound
(8) must be carried out with a time lag of at least 1 day.
The time gap between the application of a compound of formula | according to the invention (or
a respective mixture thereof) (compound A) from the application of a fertilizer (compound B) is10
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the crucial method step because it could be shown that the joint application may have no impact
or even results in an increased NO emission while only a timely separated application of a fun-
gicide and a fertilizer according to the method of the present invention, results in a strong de-
crease of NzO emission. Consequently, the time gap between the application of a fungicide
(compound A) and a fertilizer (compound 8) is a special technical feature which results in a sur-
prising effect being a new and inventive technical teaching to any person skilled in the art.
The application of active ingredients according to the method of the invention provides signifi-
cant ecological and economical advantages. From an ecological stand point, the cutback of N2O
emissions significantly reduces the impact of modem agriculture on the environment and its
atmosphere as well as on global warming. In addition, losses of nitrogen to the groundwater,
risk of eutrophication of lakes and streams are also minimized due to an optimized use of soil
nitrogen.
The compounds of formula | may be combined with further pesticides in the methods and uses.
In one embodiment of the method according to the invention, the nitrous oxide emission from
soils is reduced by applying a compound of formula | together with a compound Il selected from
the group consisting of azoxystrobin, coumethoxystrobin, coumoxystrobin, dimoxystrobin, ene-
stroburin, fenaminstrobin, fenoxystrobin (flufenoxystrobin), fluoxastrobin, kresoxim-methyl,
mandestrobin, metominostrobin, orysastrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, pyrametostrobin,
pyraoxystrobin, pyribencarb, triclopyricarb (chlorodincarb), trifloxystrobin, 2-(2-(2,5-dimethyl-
phenoxymethyl)-phenyl]-3-methoxy-acrylic acid methyl ester and 2-(2-(3-(2,6-di-chlorophenyl)-
‘1-methyballylidene-aminooxy-methyl)-phenyl)-2-methoxyimino-N-methyl-acetamide.
In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, compound 1! is a strobilurin
selected from the group consisting of azoxystrobin, dimoxystrobin, fluoxastrobin, kresoxim-
methyl, metominostrobin, orysastrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin and trfloxystrobin.
In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, compound II is a strobilurin
selected from the group consisting of pyraclostrobin, orysastrobin, azoxystrobin, dimoxystrobin,
enestroburin, fluoxastrobin, kresoxim-methyl, metominostrobin, picoxystrobin, pyribencarb and
trifloxystrobin.
In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, compound 1! is a strobilurin
selected from the group consisting of azoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin and trifloxystrobin.
In an especially preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, compound Il is
pyraclostrobin.
In one embodiment of the method according to the invention, compound (B) is an ammonium-
or urea-containing fertilizer (compound B) selected from the group of inorganic fertilizer (B1)
consisting of NPK fertilizer, ammonium nitrate, calcium ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate
nitrate, ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphate.
In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, compound (B) is selected
from the group consisting of ammonium sulfate nitrate and ammonium sulfate.
In another embodiment of the method according to the invention, compound (B) is an ammoni10
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um- or urea-containing fertilizer (compound B) selected from the group of organic fertilizer (B2)
consisting of liquid manure, semi-liquid manure, stable manure and straw manure, worm cast-
ings, compost, seaweed and guano.
Ina preferred embodiment of the method according to the inver
manure.
§n, compound (B) is
In one embodiment of the method according to the invention, the application of at least one
‘compound (A) and at least one compound (B) is carried out with a time lag of at least 1 day.
In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the application of at least
‘one compound (A) and at least one compound (8) is carried out with a time lag of at least 4
days.
In another preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the application of at
least one compound (A) and at least one compound (B) is carried out with a time lag of at least
8 days.
In another preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the application of at
least one compound (A) and at least one compound (B) is carried out with a time lag of at least
10 days.
In yet another preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the application of
at least one compound (A) and at least one compound (B) is carried out with a time lag of at
least 16 days.
In one embodiment of the method according to the invention, the nitrous oxide emission from
soils is reduced by applying the compound of formula | according to the invention (compound A)
and the ammonium. or urea-containing fertilizer (compound B) together with at least one nitrifi-
cation inhibitor (compound C) selected from the group consisting of 2-(3,4-dimethyl-pyrazol-1-
yl)-succinic acid, 3,4-dimethylpyrazolephosphate (DMPP), dicyandiamide (DCD), 1H-1,2,4-
triazole, 3-methyloyrazole (3-MP), 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)-pyridine, 5-ethoxy-3-
trichloromethyl-1,2,4-thiadiazol, 2-amino-4-chloro-6-methyl-pyrimidine, 2-mercapto-
benzothiazole, 2-sulfanilamidothiazole, thiourea, sodium azide, potassium azide, 1-
hydroxypyrazole, 2-methylpyrazole-1-carboxamide, 4-amino-1,2,4-triazole, 3-mercapto-1,2,4-
triazole, 2,4-diamino-6-trichloromethy!-S-triazine, carbon bisulfide, ammonium thiosulfate, sodi-
um trithiocarbonate, 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranol methyl carbamate and N-(2,6-
dimethylphenyl)-N-(methoxyacety!)-alanine methyl ester.
In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the nitrous oxide emission
from soils is reduced by applying the compound of formula | according to the invention (com-
pound A) and the ammonium or urea-containing fertilizer (compound B) together with at least
‘one nitrification inhibitor (compound C) selected from the group consisting of 2-(3,4-dimethyl
pyrazol-1-yl)-succinic acid, 3,4-dimethylpyrazole-phosphate (DMPP), dicyandiamide (DCD), 1H-
1,2,4-triazole, 3-methylpyrazole (3-MP), 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)-pyridine and 5-ethoxy-3-
trichloromethy!-1,2,4-thiadiazol.10
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In another embodiment of the method according to the invention, the nitrous oxide emission
from soils is reduced by applying an agrochemical mixture comprising at lease one the com-
pound of formula | according to the invention (compound A) and at least one compound (B) and
at least one nitrification inhibitor (compound C).
In another embodiment of the method according to the invention, the nitrous oxide emission
from soils is reduced by applying an agrochemical mixture comprising one compound of formula
| according to the invention (compound A) and one compound (B) and one nitrification inhibitor
(compound C).
The secondary mixtures listed in table BC, comprising one compound (B) and one compound
(C) are a preferred embodiment of the method of the current invention.
Table BC:
Mixture ‘Compound (B) ‘Compound (C)
BC-1 ‘ammonium sulfate nitrate | 3,4-dimethylpyrazolephosphate
BC-2 ‘ammonium sulfate 3,4-dimethylpyrazolephosphate
BC-3 ‘ammonium sulfate nitrate | dicyandiamide
BC-4 ammonium sulfate dicyandiamide
BCS ammonium sulfate nitrate | __2-chloro-6-(trichloromethy!)-pyridine
BC-6 ‘ammonium sulfate 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)-pyridine
BC-7 ammonium sulfate nitrate | _ 2-(3,4-dimethy!-pyrazol-1-yi)-succinic acid
BC-8 ‘ammonium sulfate 2:3,4-dimethy-pyrazol-1-yi)-succinic acid
In the terms of the present invention "agrochemical mixture” is not restricted to a physical mix-
ture comprising at least two compounds, but refers to any preparation form of at least one com-
pound | according to the invention and at least one further compound, the use of which is time-
and locus-related.
In one embodiment of the invention "agrochemical mixture” refers to a physical mixture compris-
ing compounds A and B.
In one embodiment of the invention "agrochemical mixture” refers to a physical mixture of at
lease one compound A and at least one compound (B) and at least one compound (C).
The agrochemical mixtures may be formulated separately but applied in a temporal relationship,
i.e. simultaneously or subsequently, the subsequent application having a time interval which
allows a combined action of the compounds.
Furthermore, the individual compounds of the agrochemical mixtures according to the invention
such as parts of a kit or parts of the binary mixture may be mixed by the user himself in a spray
tank and further auxiliaries may be added, if appropriate (tank mix). This applies also in case
ternary mixtures are used according to the invention.
In one embodiment of the invention, the method according to the invention comprises the steps
) application of at least one compound (A) as defined in any of the embodiments above; and b)10
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application of at least one compound (B) as defined in any of the embodiments above; to a plant
and/or the locus where the plant is growing or is intended to grow and/or the seeds from which
the plant grows, wherein the application of at least one compound (A) in step a) and at least one
‘compound (B) in step b) is carried out with a time lag of at least 1 day.
In another embodiment of the invention, the method according to the invention comprises the
steps a) application of at least one compound (A) as defined in any of the embodiments above;
and b) application of at least one compound (B) as defined in any of the embodiments above
together with at least one compound (C) as defined in any of the embodiments above; to a plant
and/or the locus where the plant is growing or is intended to grow and/or the seeds from which
the plant grows wherein the application of at least one compound (A) in step a) and at least one
‘compound (B) together with at least one compound (C) in step b) is carried out with a time lag
ofat least 1 day.
In yet another embodiment of the invention, the method according to the invention comprises
the steps a) application of at least one compound (B) as defined in any of the embodiments
above; and b) application of at least one compound (A) as defined in any of the embodiments
above; to a plant and/or the locus where the plant is growing or is intended to grow and/or the
seeds from which the plant grows, wherein the application of at least one compound (B) in step
a) and at least one compound (a) in step b) is carried out with a time lag of at least 1 day.
In yet another embodiment of the invention, the method according to the invention comprises
the steps a) application of at least one compound (B) as defined in any of the embodiments
above together with at least one compound (C) as defined in any of the embodiments above;
and b) application of at least one compound (A) as defined in any of the embodiments above to
a plant and/or the locus where the plant is growing or is intended to grow and/or the seeds from
which the plant grows; wherein the application of at least one compound (B) together with at
least one compound (C) in step a) and the application of at least one compound (A) in step b) is
cartied out with a time lag of at least 1 day.
The plants to be treated according to the invention are selected from the group consisting of
agricultural, silvicultural, ornamental and horticultural plants, each in its natural or genetically
modified form, more preferably from agricultural plants.
More preferred agricultural plants are field crops, such as potatoes, sugar beets, wheat, barley,
rye, oat, sorghum, rice, corn, cotton, rape, oilseed rape, canola, soybeans, peas, field beans,
sunflowers, sugar cane; cucumbers, tomatoes, onions, leeks, lettuce, squashes; even more
preferably the plant is selected from the group consisting of wheat, barley, oat, rye, soybean,
corn, oilseed rape, cotton, sugar cane, rice and sorghum.
In an especially preferred embodiment of the current invention, the plants to be treated are se-
lected from the group consisting of wheat, barley, oat, rye, soybean, com, oilseed rape, canola,
sunflower, cotton, sugar cane, sugar beet, rice and sorghum.
In one embodiment, the aforementioned method for reducing nitrous oxide emission from soils,
comprises treating the plant propagules, preferably the seeds of an agricultural, horticultural,
‘oramental or silivcultural plant selected from the group consisting of transgenic or non-
transgenic plants.10
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The term “plants” is to be understood as plants of economic importance and/or men-grown
plants. They are preferably selected from agricultural, silvicultural and horticultural (including
ornamental) plants. The term “plant” as used herein includes all parts of a plant such as germi-
nating seeds, emerging seedlings, herbaceous vegetation as well as established woody plants
including all belowground portions (such as the roots) and aboveground portions.
The term “nitrification inhibitors" is to be understood as any chemical substance which slows
down or stops the nitrification process. Nitrification inhibitors retard the natural transformation of
ammonium into nitrate, by inhibiting the activity of bacteria such as Nitrosomonas spp..
The term “nitrification” is to be understood as the biological oxidation of ammonia (NHs) or am-
monium (NHs*) with oxygen into nitrite (NOz) followed by the oxidation of these nitrites into ni-
trates (NOs) by microorganisms. Besides nitrate (NOs’) nitrous oxide is also produced though
nitrification. Nitrification is an important step in the nitrogen cycle in soil.
The term “denitrification” is to be understood as the microbiological conversion of nitrate (NOs)
and nitrite (NOz) to gaseous forms of nitrogen, generally Nz or NO. This respiratory process
reduces oxidized forms of nitrogen in response to the oxidation of an electron donor such as
organic matter. The preferred nitrogen electron acceptors in order of most to least thermody-
namically favorable include: nitrate (NO), nitrite (NO), nitric oxide (NO), and nitrous oxide
(N20). Within the general nitrogen cycle, denitrification completes the cycle by returning No to
the atmosphere. The process is performed primarily by heterotrophic bacteria (such as Para-
coccus denitrificans and various pseudomonads), although autotrophic denitrifiers have also
been identified (e.g. Thiobacillus denitrificans). Denitrifiers are represented in all main phyloge-
netic groups. When faced with a shortage of oxygen many bacterial species, are able switch
from using oxygen to using nitrates to support respiration in a process known as denitrification,
during which the water-soluble nitrates are converted to gaseous products, including nitrous
oxide, that are emitted into the atmosphere.
“Nitrous oxide", commonly known as happy gas or laughing gas, is a chemical compound with
the chemical formula NO. At room temperature, it is a colorless non-flammable gas. Nitrous
oxide is produced naturally in soils through the microbial processes of nitrification and denitrifi-
cation. These natural emissions of nitrous oxide can be increased by a variety of agricultural
practices and activities including for example a) direct addition of nitrogen to soils by using min-
eral and organic fertilizers b) growing of nitrogen-fixing crops ) cultivation of high organic con-
tent soils d) application of livestock manure to croplands and pasture.
The term “fertilizers” is to be understood as chemical compounds applied to promote plant and
fruit growth. Fertilizers are typically applied either through the soil (for uptake by plant roots) or
by foliar feeding (for uptake through leaves). The term “fertilizers” can be subdivided into two
major categories: a) organic fertilizers (composed of decayed plant/animal matter) and b) inor-
ganic fertiizers (composed of chemicals and minerals). Organic fertilizers include manure, slur
ry, worm castings, peat, seaweed, sewage, and guano. Green manure crops are also regularly10
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grown to add nutrients (especially nitrogen) to the soil. Manufactured organic fertilizers include
compost, blood meal, bone meal and seaweed extracts. Further examples are enzyme digested
proteins, fish meal, and feather meal. The decomposing crop residue from prior years is another
source of fertility. In addition, naturally occurring minerals such as mine rock phosphate, sulfate
of potash and limestone are also considered inorganic fertilizers. Inorganic fertilizers are usually
manufactured through chemical processes (such as the Haber process), also using naturally
‘occurring deposits, while chemically altering them (e.g. concentrated triple superphosphate)
Naturally occurring inorganic fertilizers include Chilean sodium nitrate, mine rock phosphate,
and limestone.
“NPK fertilizer" are inorganic fertilizers formulated in appropriate concentrations and combina-
tions comprising the three main nutrients nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K).
In one embodiment, the plant to be treated according to the method of the invention is an agri-
cultural plant. “Agricultural plants” are plants of which a part (e.g. seeds) or all is harvested or
cultivated on a commercial scale or which serve as an important source of feed, food, fibres
(e.g. cotton, linen), combustibles (e.g. wood, bioethanol, biodiesel, biomass) or other chemical
compounds. Preferred agricultural plants are for example cereals, e.g. wheat, rye, barley, trtica-
le, oats, sorghum or rice, beet, ¢.g. sugar beet or fodder beet; fruits, such as pomes, stone fruits
or soft fruits, e.g. apples, pears, plums, peaches, almonds, cherries, strawberries, raspberries,
blackberries or gooseberries; leguminous plants, such as lentils, peas, alfalfa or soybeans; oil
plants, such as rape, oilseed rape, canola, linseed, mustard, olives, sunflowers, coconut, cocoa
beans, castor oil plants, oil palms, ground nuts or soybeans; cucurbits, such as squashes, cu-
‘cumber or melons; fiber plants, such as cotton, flax, hemp or jute; citrus fruit, such as oranges,
lemons, grapefruits or mandarins; vegetables, such as spinach, lettuce, asparagus, cabbages,
cartots, onions, tomatoes, potatoes, cucurbits or paprika; lauraceous plants, such as avocados,
cinnamon or camphor; energy and raw material plants, such as corn, soybean, rape, canola,
sugar cane or oil palm; tobacco; nuts; coffee; tea; bananas; vines (table grapes and grape juice
grape vines); hop; turf; natural rubber plants.
In one embodiment, the plant to be treated according to the method of the invention is a horti-
cultural plant. The term “horticultural plants” are to be understood as plants which are commonly
used in horticulture - e.g. the cultivation of omamentals, vegetables and/or fruits. Examples for
ornamentals are turf, geranium, pelargonia, petunia, begonia and fuchsia. Examples for vegeta-
bles are potatoes, tomatoes, peppers, cucurbits, cucumbers, melons, watermelons, garlic, on-
ions, carrots, cabbage, beans, peas and lettuce and more preferably from tomatoes, onions,
peas and lettuce. Examples for fruits are apples, pears, cherries, strawberry, citrus, peaches,
apricots and blueberries.
In one embodiment, the plant to be treated according to the method of the invention is an orna-
mental plants. “Omamental plants” are plants which are commonly used in gardening, e.g. in
parks, gardens and on balconies. Examples are turf, geranium, pelargonia, petunia, begonia
and fuchsia.10
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In one embodiment, the plant to be treated according to the method of the invention is a silvicul-
tural plants. The term ‘silvicultural plant’ is to be understood as trees, more specifically trees
used in reforestation or industrial plantations. Industrial plantations generally serve for the
‘commercial production of forest products, such as wood, pulp, paper, rubber tree, Christmas
trees, or young trees for gardening purposes. Examples for silvicultural plants are conifers, ike
pines, in particular Pinus spec.., fir and spruce, eucalyptus, tropical trees like teak, rubber tree,
oil palm, willow (Salix), in particular Salix spec., poplar (cottonwood), in particular Populus
spec., beech, in particular Fagus spec., birch, oil palm, and oak.
The term “locus” is to be understood as any type of environment, soil, area or material where
the plant is growing or intended to grow. Especially preferred according to the invention is soil
The term “at least one” is to be understood as 1, 2, 3 or more of the respective compound se-
lected from the group consisting of compound of formula | (compound A), fertilizer (compound
B) and nitrification inhibitors (compound C).
The reduction of nitrous oxide emission is independent of the presence of pests. Accordingly, in
a preferred embodiment of the method, the application of the active ingredients (compound A)
and/or mixtures comprising at least one compound (A) is carried out in the absence of pest
pressure.
The term “BBCH principal growth stage” refers to the extended BBCH-scale which is a system
for a uniform coding of phenologically similar growth stages of all mono- and dicotyledonous
plant species in which the entire developmental cycle of the plants is subdivided into clearly
recognizable and distinguishable longer-lasting developmental phases. The BBCH-scale uses a
decimal code system, which is divided into principal and secondary growth stages. The abbre-
viation BBCH derives from the Federal Biological Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry
(Germany), the Bundessortenamt (Germany) and the chemical industry.
In one embodiment of the invention, at least one compound (A) is applied at a growth stage
(GS) between GS 00 and GS 65 BBCH of the plant.
In preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one compound (A) is applied at a growth
stage between GS 14 and GS 55 BBCH of the plant.
In a more preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one compound (A) is applied at the
growth stage between GS 14 and GS 47 BBCH of the plant.
In one embodiment of the invention, at least one fertilizer (compound B) is applied before and at
sowing, before emergence, and until harvest (GS 00 to GS 89 BBCH).
In another embodiment of the invention, at least one fertilizer (compound B) is applied together
with at least one nitrification inhibitor (compound C) before and at sowing, before emergence,
and until harvest (GS 00 to GS 89 BBCH).
In another embodiment of the invention, at least one compound (A) is applied during leaf devel-
‘opment to flowering (GS 14 to GS 65 BBCH) of the treated plant, provided that the application10
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of at least one compound (A) and at least one compound (B) is carried out with a time lag of at
least 1 day.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, an agrochemical mixture comprising an ammonium-
or urea-containing fertilizer (compound B) and at least one nitrification inhibitor (compound C) is.
applied at least once during the growth stages GS 00 to GS 89 BBCH (before sowing until har-
vest) while at least one compound (A) is applied at least once during the growth stages GS 14
to GS 65 BBCH (leaf development to flowering) of the treated plant, provided that the applica-
tion of at least one compound (A) and at least one compound (B) is carried out with a time lag of
atleast 1 day.
In another embodiment of the invention, the agrochemical mixture comprising an ammonium- or
urea-containing fertilizer (compound B) and at least one nitrification inhibitor (compound C) is
applied before and at sowing, before emergence, and until shooting/shoot development (GS 00
to GS 33 BBCH) of the plant while at least one compound (A) is applied during leaf develop-
ment to inflorescence emergence (GS 14 to GS 65 BBCH) provided that the application of at
least one compound (A) and at least one compound (B) is carried out with a time lag of at least
1 day.
fan agricultural mixture comprising at least two compounds (A) according to the present inven-
tion(compound of formula | and a compound II) is used in this inventive method, the plant prop-
agules are preferably treated simultaneously (together or separately) or subsequently.
The subsequent application is carried out with a time interval which allows a combined action of
the applied compounds. Preferably, the time interval for a subsequent application of a first com-
pound (A) and a second compound (A) ranges from a few seconds up to 3 months, preferably,
from a few seconds up to 1 month, more preferably from a few seconds up to 2 weeks, even
more preferably from a few seconds up to 3 days and in particular from 1 second up to 24
hours.
Ina preferred embodiment of the invention, the application according to the method of the cur-
rent invention is repeatedly carried out. In one embodiment, the application is repeated two to
ten times, preferably, two to five times; most preferably two times.
In one embodiment, the application of at least one compound (A) is repeatedly carried out. In
another embodiment, the application of at least one compound (B) is repeatedly carried out. In
yet another embodiment, the application of one compound (B) together with one compound (C)
is repeatedly applied. In each case, there must be a time lag of at least 1 day between the last
application of at least one compound (A) and the last application of at least one compound (B)
(optionally together with at least one compound C).
‘As a matter of course, compounds (A), (B) and (C) and in case mixtures are employed, com-
pounds selected from the group consisting of compounds (A), (B) and (C) are used in an effec-
tive and non-phytotoxic amount. This means that they are used in a quantity which allows to
obtain the desired effect but which does not give rise to any phytotoxic symptoms on the treated
plant or on the plant raised from the treated propagule or treated soil.10
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Application rates for compounds of formula |, also in seed treatment, are as defined in this ap-
plication.
For the use according to the invention, the application rates of compounds (B) are between 10
kg and 300 kg of N per hectare, preferably between 50 kg and 250 kg of N per hectare.
In all embodiments, the agrochemical mixtures are applied in nitrous oxide emission from soils,
reducing amounts. In one embodiment, the agrochemical mixtures are applied in synergistically
the nitrous oxide emission from soils reducing amounts.
In an especially preferred embodiment of the method for reducing nitrous oxide emission, com-
pound (A) is applied as seed treatment.
In another especially preferred embodiment of the method for reducing nitrous oxide emission,
compound (A) is applied as foliar and/or in-furrow application.
Formulations
In the methods and uses according to the invention, the compounds of formula (I) are used in
the form of agrochemical compositions comprising an auxiliary and at least one compound of
formula (|) according to the invention, ot a stereoisomer, salt, tautomer or N-oxide thereof.
‘An agrochemical composition comprises a pesticidally effective amount of a compound of for-
mula (|). The term “effective amount" denotes an amount of the composition or of the com-
pounds |, which is sufficient for controlling invertebrate pests on cultivated plants or in the pro-
tection of materials and which does not result in a substantial damage to the treated plants or
material. Such an amount can vary in a broad range and is dependent on various factors, such
as the invertebrate (e.g. insect) species to be controlled, the treated cultivated plant or material,
the climatic conditions and the specific compound | used.
The compounds |, and their stereoisomers, salts, tautomers and N-oxides, can be converted
into customary types of agrochemical compositions, e. g. solutions, emulsions, suspensions,
dusts, powders, pastes, granules, pressings, capsules, and mixtures thereof. Examples for
‘composition types are suspensions (e.g. SC, OD, FS), emulsifiable concentrates (e.g. EC),
emulsions (e.g. EW, EO, ES, ME), capsules (e.g. CS, ZC), pastes, pastilles, wettable powders
or dusts (e.g. WP, SP, WS, DP, DS), pressings (e.g. BR, TB, DT), granules (e.g. WG, SG, GR,
FG, GG, MG), insecticidal articles (e.g. LN), as well as gel formulations for the treatment of plant
propagation materials such as seeds (e.g. GF). These and further compositions types are de-
fined in the “Catalogue of pesticide formulation types and international coding system”, Tech-
nical Monograph No. 2, 6" Ed. May 2008, CropLife International.
The compositions are prepared in a known manner, such as described by Mollet and Grube-
mann, Formulation technology, Wiley VCH, Weinheim, 2001; or Knowles, New developments in
crop protection product formulation, Agrow Reports DS243, T&F Informa, London, 2005.
Examples for suitable auxiliaries are solvents, liquid carriers, solid carriers or fillers, surfactants,
dispersants, emulsifiers, wetters, adjuvants, solubilizers, penetration enhancers, protective col
loids, adhesion agents, thickeners, humectants, repellents, attractants, feeding stimulants,
compatibilizers, bactericides, anti-freezing agents, anti-foaming agents, colorants, tackifiers and
binders.10
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Suitable solvents and liquid carriers are water and organic solvents, such as mineral oll frac-
tions of medium to high bolling point, e.g. kerosene, diesel cil; oils of vegetable or animal origin;
aliphatic, cyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons, e. g. toluene, paraffin, tetrahydronaphthalene, al-
kylated naphthalenes; alcohols, e.g. ethanol, propanol, butanol, benzylalcohol, cyclohexanol;
glycols; DMSO; ketones, e.g. cyclohexanone; esters, e.g. lactates, carbonates, fatty acid esters,
gamma-butyrolactone; fatty acids; phosphonates; amines; amides, e.g. N-methylpyrrolidone,
fatty acid dimethylamides; and mixtures thereof.
Suitable solid carriers or fillers are mineral earths, e.g. silicates, silica gels, talc, kaolins, lime-
stone, lime, chalk, clays, dolomite, diatomaceous earth, bentonite, calcium sulfate, magnesium
sulfate, magnesium oxide; polysaccharide powders, e.g. cellulose, starch; fertilizers, e.g. am-
monium suifate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, ureas; products of vegetable origin,
€.g. cereal meal, tree bark meal, wood meal, nutshell meal, and mixtures thereof,
Suitable surfactants are surface-active compounds, such as anionic, cationic, nonionic and am-
photeric surfactants, block polymers, polyelectrolytes, and mixtures thereof. Such surfactants
can be used as emusifier, dispersant, solubilizer, wetter, penetration enhancer, protective col
loid, or adjuvant. Examples of surfactants are listed in McCutcheon's, Vol.1: Emulsifiers & De-
tergents, McCutcheon's Directories, Glen Rock, USA, 2008 (International Ed. or North American
Ed.)
Suitable anionic surfactants are alkali, alkaline earth or ammonium salts of sulfonates, sulfates,
phosphates, carboxylates, and mixtures thereof. Examples of sulfonates are alkylarylsulfonates,
diphenylsulfonates, alpha-olefin sulfonates, lignine sulfonates, sulfonates of fatty acids and oils,
sulfonates of ethoxylated alkylphenols, sulfonates of alkoxylated arylphenols, sulfonates of con-
densed naphthalenes, sulfonates of dodecyl- and tridecylbenzenes, sulfonates of naphthalenes
and alkyinaphthalenes, sulfosuccinates or sulfosuccinamates. Examples of sulfates are sulfates
of fatty acids and oils, of ethoxylated alkylphenols, of alcohols, of ethoxylated alcohols, or of
fatty acid esters. Examples of phosphates are phosphate esters. Examples of carboxylates are
alkyl carboxylates, and carboxylated alcohol or alkylphenol ethoxylates.
Suitable nonionic surfactants are alkoxylates, N-subsituted fatty acid amides, amine oxides,
esters, sugar-based surfactants, polymeric surfactants, and mixtures thereof. Examples of
alkoxylates are compounds such as alcohols, alkylphenols, amines, amides, arylphenols, fatty
acids or fatty acid esters which have been alkoxylated with 1 to 50 equivalents. Ethylene oxide
and/or propylene oxide may be employed for the alkoxylation, preferably ethylene oxide. Exam-
ples of N-subsititued fatty acid amides are fatty acid glucamides or fatty acid alkanolamides.
Examples of esters are fatty acid esters, glycerol esters or monoglycerides. Examples of sugar-
based surfactants are sorbitans, ethoxylated sorbitans, sucrose and glucose esters or al-
kylpolyglucosides. Examples of polymeric surfactants are home- or copolymers of vinylpyrroli-
done, vinylalcohols, or vinylacetate,
Suitable cationic surfactants are quaternary surfactants, for example quaternary ammonium
‘compounds with one or two hydrophobic groups, or salts of long-chain primary amines. Suitable
amphoteric surfactants are alkylbetains and imidazolines. Suitable block polymers are block
polymers of the A-B or A-B-A type comprising blocks of polyethylene oxide and polypropylene
oxide, or of the A-B-C type comprising alkanol, polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide.
Suitable polyelectrolytes are polyacids or polybases. Examples of polyacids are alkali salts of10
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polyacrylic acid or polyacid comb polymers. Examples of polybases are polyvinylamines or po
yethyleneamines.
‘Suitable adjuvants are compounds, which have a neglectable or even no pesticidal activity
themselves, and which improve the biological performance of the compound | on the target.
Examples are surfactants, mineral or vegetable oils, and other auxilaries. Further examples are
listed by Knowles, Adjuvants and additives, Agrow Reports DS256, T&F Informa UK, 2006,
chapter 5.
Suitable thickeners are polysaccharides (e.g. xanthan gum, carboxymethylcellulose), anorganic
clays (organically modified or unmodified), polycarboxylates, and silicates.
Suitable bactericides are bronopol and isothiazolinone derivatives such as alkylisothiazolinones
and benzisothiazolinones.
Suitable anti-freezing agents are ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, urea and glycerin
Suitable anti-foaming agents are silicones, long chain alcohols, and salts of fatty acids.
Suitable colorants (e.g. in red, blue, or green) are pigments of low water solubility and water-
soluble dyes. Examples are inorganic colorants (e.g. iron oxide, titan oxide, iron hexacyanofer-
rate) and organic colorants (e.g. alizarin-, azo- and phthalocyanine colorants).
Suitable tackifiers or binders are polyvinylpyrrolidons, polyvinylacetates, polyvinyl alcohols, pol-
yacrylates, biological or synthetic waxes, and cellulose ethers.
Examples for composition types and their preparation are:
i) Water-soluble concentrates (SL, LS)
10-60 wt% of a compound | according to the invention and 5-15 wt% wetting agent (e.g. alcohol
alkoxylates) are dissolved in water andlor in a water-soluble solvent (e.g. alcohols) up to 100
wt%. The active substance dissolves upon dilution with water.
il) Dispersible concentrates (DC)
5-25 wt% of a compound | according to the invention and 1-10 wt% dispersant (e. g. polyvi-
nylpyrrolidone) are dissolved in up to 100 wt% organic solvent (e.g. cyclohexanone). Dilution
with water gives a dispersion.
ili) Emulsifiable concentrates (EC)
15-70 wt% of a compound | according to the invention and 5-10 wt% emulsifiers (e.g. calcium
dodecylbenzenesulfonate and castor oil ethoxylate) are dissolved in up to 100 wt% water-
insoluble organic solvent (e.g. aromatic hydrocarbon). Dilution with water gives an emulsion.
iv) _ Emulsions (EW, EO, ES)
5-40 wt% of a compound | according to the invention and 1-10 wt% emulsifiers (e.g. calcium
dodecylbenzenesulfonate and castor cil ethoxylate) are dissolved in 20-40 wt% water-insoluble
organic solvent (e.g. aromatic hydrocarbon). This mixture is introduced into up to 100 wt% water
by means of an emulsifying machine and made into a homogeneous emulsion. Dilution with
water gives an emulsion.
v) Suspensions (SC, OD, FS)
In an agitated ball mill, 20-60 wt% of a compound | according to the invention are comminuted
with addition of 2-10 wt% dispersants and wetting agents (e.g. sodium lignosulfonate and alco-
hol ethoxylate), 0,1-2 wt% thickener (e.g. xanthan gum) and up to 100 wt% water to give a fine
active substance suspension. Dilution with water gives a stable suspension of the active sub-10
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stance. For FS type composition up to 40 wt% binder (e.g. polyvinylalcohol) is added.
vi) Water-dispersible granules and water-soluble granules (WG, SG)
50-80 wt% of a compound | according to the invention are ground finely with addition of up to
100 wt% dispersants and wetting agents (e.g. sodium lignosulfonate and alcohol ethoxylate)
and prepared as water-dispersible or water-soluble granules by means of technical appliances
(e.g. extrusion, spray tower, fluidized bed). Dilution with water gives a stable dispersion or solu-
tion of the active substance.
vii) Water-dispersible powders and water-soluble powders (WP, SP, WS)
50-80 wt% of a compound | according to the invention are ground in a rotor-stator mill with addi-
tion of 1-5 wt% dispersants (e.g. sodium lignosulfonate), 1-3 wt% wetting agents (e.g. alcohol
ethoxylate) and up to 100 wt% solid carrier, e.g. silica gel. Dilution with water gives a stable dis-
persion or solution of the active substance.
vill) Gel (GW, GF)
In an agitated ball mill, 5-25 wt% of a compound | according to the invention are comminuted
with addition of 3-10 wt% dispersants (e.g. sodium lignosulfonate), 1-5 wt% thickener (e.g. car-
boxymethyicellulose) and up to 100 wt% water to give a fine suspension of the active sub-
stance. Dilution with water gives a stable suspension of the active substance.
ix) Microemulsion (ME)
5-20 wt% of a compound | according to the invention are added to 5-30 wt% organic solvent
blend (e.g. fatty acid dimethylamide and cyclohexanone), 10-25 wt% surfactant blend (e.g
alkohol ethoxylate and arylphenol ethoxylate), and water up to 100 %. This mixture is stirred for
1h to produce spontaneously a thermodynamically stable microemulsion.
x) Microcapsules (CS)
‘An oil phase comprising 5-50 wt% of a compound | according to the invention, 0-40 wi% water
insoluble organic solvent (e.g. aromatic hydrocarbon), 2-15 wt% acrylic monomers (e.g.
methylmethacrylate, methacrylic acid and a di- or triacrylate) are dispersed into an aqueous
solution of a protective colloid (e.g. polyvinyl alcohol). Radical polymerization initiated by a radi-
cal initiator results in the formation of poly(meth)acrylate microcapsules. Alternatively, an oil
phase comprising 5-50 wt% of a compound | according to the invention, 0-40 wt% water insolu-
ble organic solvent (e.g. aromatic hydrocarbon), and an isocyanate monomer (e.g. diphenylme-
thene-4,4-diisocyanatae) are dispersed into an aqueous solution of a protective colloid (2.
polyvinyl alcohol). The addition of a polyamine (e.g. hexamethylenediamine) results in the for-
mation of a polyurea microcapsules. The monomers amount to 1-10 wt%. The wt% relate to the
total CS composition.
xi) Dustable powders (DP, DS)
1-10 wt% of a compound | according to the invention are ground finely and mixed intimately with
up to 100 wt% solid carrier, e.g. finely divided kaolin.
xii) Granules (GR, FG)
0.5-30 wt% of a compound | according to the invention is ground finely and associated with up
to 100 wt% solid carrier (e.g. silicate). Granulation is achieved by extrusion, spray-drying or the
fluidized bed.
xili) Ultra-low volume liquids (UL)
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solvent, e.g. aromatic hydrocarbon.
The compositions types i) to xii) may optionally comprise further auxiliaries, such as 0,1-1 wt%
bactericides, 5-15 wt% anti-freezing agents, 0,1-1 wt% anti-foaming agents, and 0,1-1 wt% col-
orants
The agrochemical compositions generally comprise between 0.01 and 95%, preferably between
0.1 and 90%, and most preferably between 0.5 and 75%, by weight of active substance. The
active substances are employed in a purity of from 90% to 100%, preferably from 95% to 100%
(according to NMR spectrum)
In one embodiment, a suspoconcentration (SC) is preferred for the application in crop protec
tion. In one sub-embodiment thereof, the SC agrochemical composition comprises between 50
to 500 giL (grams per Litre), or between 100 and 250 g/L, or 100 g/L or 150g/L or 200g/L or 250
git.
In a further embodiment, the granules according to formulation type xii are especially preferred
for the application in rice.
Water-soluble concentrates (LS), Suspoemulsions (SE), flowable concentrates (FS), powders
for dry treatment (DS), water-dispersible powders for slurry treatment (WS), water-soluble pow-
ders (SS), emulsions (ES), emulsifiable concentrates (EC) and gels (GF) are usually employed
for the purposes of treatment of plant propagation materials, particularly seeds. The composi-
tions in question give, after two-to-tenfold dilution, active substance concentrations of from 0.01
to 60% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 40% by weight, in the ready-to-use preparations. Appli-
cation can be carried out before or during sowing. Methods for applying or treating compound |
and compositions thereof, respectively, on to plant propagation material, especially seeds in-
clude dressing, coating, pelleting, dusting, soaking and in-furrow application methods of the
propagation material. Preferably, compound I or the compositions thereof, respectively, are ap-
plied on to the plant propagation material by a method such that germination is not induced,
e.g. by seed dressing, pelleting, coating and dusting,
When employed in plant protection, the amounts of active substances applied are, depending
on the kind of effect desired, from 0.001 to 2 kg per ha, preferably from 0.001 to 1 kg per ha,
more preferably from 0.005 to 0.9 kg per ha, in particular from 0.005 to 0.5 kg per ha
In treatment of plant propagation materials such as seeds, e. g. by dusting, coating or drenching
seed, amounts of active substance of from 0.1 to 1000 g, preferably from 0.1 to 300 g, more
preferably from 0.1 to 100 g and most preferably from 0.25 to 100 g, per 100 kilogram of plant
propagation material (preferably seed) are generally required.
When used in the protection of materials or stored products, the amount of active substance
applied depends on the kind of application area and on the desired effect. Amounts customarily
applied in the protection of materials are 0.001 g to 2 kg, preferably 0.008 g to 1 kg, of active
substance per cubic meter of treated material.10
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Various types of oils, wetters, adjuvants, fertilizer, or micronutrients, and other pesticides (e.g.
herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, growth regulators, safeners) may be added to the active
substances or the compositions comprising them as premix or, if appropriate not until immedi-
ately prior to use (tank mix). These agents can be admixed with the compositions according to
the invention in a weight ratio of 1:100 to 100:1, preferably 1:10 to 10:1
The user applies the composition according to the invention usually from a predosage device, a
knapsack sprayer, a spray tank, a spray plane, or an irrigation system. Usually, the agrochemi-
cal composition is made up with water, buffer, and/or further auxiliaries to the desired applica-
tion concentration and the ready-to-use spray liquor or the agrochemical composition according
to the invention is thus obtained. Usually, 20 to 2000 liters, preferably 50 to 400 liters, of the
ready-to-use spray liquor are applied per hectare of agricultural useful area
According to one embodiment, individual components of the composition according to the in-
vention such as parts of a kit or parts of a binary or ternary mixture may be mixed by the user
himself in a spray tank and further auxiliaries may be added, if appropriate.
In a further embodiment, either individual components of the composition according to the in-
vention or partially premixed components, e. g. components comprising compounds | and/or
active substances , e.g. from the groups M or F, may be mixed by the user in a spray tank and
further auxiliaries and additives may be added, if appropriate.
Ina further embodiment, either individual components of the composition according to the in-
vention or partially premixed components, e. g. components comprising compounds | and/or
active substances from the group M or F, can be applied jointly (e.g. after tank mix) or consecu-
tively.
Mixtures
In the methods and uses according to the invention, the compounds of the present invention,
including their stereoisomers, salts, tautomers and N-oxides, may be applied with other active
ingredients, for example with other pesticides, insecticides, herbicides, fertilizers such as
ammonium nitrate, urea, potash, and superphosphate, phytotoxicants and plant growth
regulators, safeners and nematicides. These additional ingredients may be used sequentially or
in combination with the above-described compositions, if appropriate also added only
immediately prior to use (tank mix). For example, the plant(s) may be sprayed with a
‘composition of this invention either before or after being treated with other active ingredients,
In a particular embodiment of the invention, in the methods and uses according to the invention,
the compound of formula | is combined with one or more other pesticidally active compound(s)
Il selected from insecticides or fungicides.
Therefore, the present invention also relates to methods and uses, wherein a mixture or com-
Position comprising at least one compound of formula (|), or a stereoisomer, tautomer , N-oxide
or agriculturally or veterinarily acceptable salt thereof, and at least one further pesticide.
The compounds of formula (|), and their stereoisomers, salts, tautomers and N-oxides, may be
applied with other insecticides as compound II, which are listed in the following categorized list10
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M of pesticides, which are, whenever possible, classified according to the Insecticide Re-
sistance Action Committee (IRAC).
M.1 Acetylcholine esterase (AChE) inhibitors from the class of
M.1A carbamates, for example aldicarb, alanycarb, bendiocarb, benfuracarb, butocarboxim,
butoxycarboxim, carbaryl, carbofuran, carbosulfan, ethiofencarb, fenobucarb, formetanate,
furathiocarb, isoprocarb, methiocarb, methomyl, metolcarb, oxamyl, pirimicarb, propoxur, thiodi-
carb, thiofanox, trimethacarb, XMC, xylylearb and triazamate; or from the class of
M.1B organophosphates, for example acephate, azamethiphos, azinphos-ethyl, azinphosme-
thyl, cadusafos, chlorethoxyfos, chlorfenvinphos, chlormephos, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl,
coumaphos, cyanophos, demeton-S-methyl, diazinon, dichlorvos/ DDVP, dicrotophos, dimetho-
ate, dimethylvinphos, disulfoton, EPN, ethion, ethoprophos, famphur, fenamiphos, fenitrothion,
fenthion, fosthiazate, heptenophos, imicyafos, isofenphos, isopropyl O- (methoxyaminothio-
phosphoryl) salicylate, isoxathion, malathion, mecarbam, methamidophos, methidathion,
mevinphos, monocrotophos, naled, omethoate, oxydemeton-methyl, parathion, parathion-
methyl, phenthoate, phorate, phosalone, phosmet, phosphamidon, phoxim, pirimiphos- methyl,
profenofos, propetamphos, prothiofos, pyraclofos, pyridaphenthion, quinalphos, sulfotep, tebupi-
rimfos, temephos, terbufos, tetrachlorvinphos, thiometon, triazophos, trichlorfon and vamidothi-
on;
M.2. GABA-gated chloride channel antagonists such as:
M.2A oyolodiene organochlorine compounds, as for example endosulfan or chlordane; or
M.2B fiproles (phenylpyrazoles), as for example ethiprole, fipronil, lufiprole, pyrafluprole and
pyriprole;
M.3 Sodium channel modulators from the class of
M.3A pyrethroids, for example acrinathrin, allethrin, d-cis-trans allethrin, d-trans allethrin, bifen-
thrin, bioallethrin, bioallethrin S-cylclopentenyl, bioresmethrin, cycloprothrin, cyfluthrin, beta-
cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, gamma-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, alpha-
cypermethrin, beta-cypermethrin, theta-cypermethrin, zeta-cypermethrin, cyphenothrin, del-
tamethrin, empenthrin, esfenvalerate, etofenprox, fenpropathrin, fenvalerate, flucythrinate,
flumethrin, tau-fluvalinate, halfenprox, imiprothrin, meperfluthrin,metofluthrin, momfluorothrin,
permethrin, phenothrin, prallethrin, profluthrin, pyrethrin (pyrethrum), resmethrin, silafluofen,
tefluthrin, tetramethylfluthrin, tetramethrin, tralomethrin and transfluthrin; or
M.3B sodium channel modulators such as DDT or methoxychlor;
M.4 Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists (nAChR) from the class of
M.4A neonicotinoids, for example acteamiprid, chlothianidin, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, niten-
pyram, thiacloprid and thiamethoxam; or the compounds
M4A.1: — 1-{(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-2,3,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-9-nitro-(5S,8R)-5.8-epoxy-1H-
imidazof1,2-a]azepine; or
M4A2: — 1-[(6-chloro-3-pyridyl)methyl}-2-nitro-1-[(E)-pentylideneamino]guanidine; or10
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M4A3: — 1-[(6-chloro-3-pyridyl)methyl|-7-methyl-8-nitro-5-propoxy-3,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-
imidazo[1,2-alpyridine; or
M.4B nicotine.
2013/070154
M.5 Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor allosteric activators from the class of spinosyns,
for example spinosad or spinetoram;
M66 Chloride channel activators from the class of avermectins and milbemycins, for example
abamectin, emamectin benzoate, ivermectin, lepimectin or milbemectin;
M.7 Juvenile hormone mimics, such as
M.7A juvenile hormone analogues as hydroprene, kinoprene and methoprene; or others as
M.7B fenoxycarb, or
M.7C pyriproxyfen;
M.8 miscellaneous non-specific (multi-site) inhibitors, for example
M.BA alkyl halides as methyl bromide and other alkyl halides, or
M.8B chloropicrin, or
M,C sulfuryl fluoride, or
M.8D borax, or
M.8E tartar emetic;
M.9 Selective homopteran feeding blockers, for example
M.9B pymetrozine, or
M.9C flonicamid;
M.10 Mite growth inhibitors, for example
M.10A clofentezine, hexythiazox and diflovidazin, or
M.10B etoxazole;
M.11 Microbial disruptors of insect midgut membranes, for example bacillus thuringiensis or
bazillus sphaericus and the insecticdal proteins they produce such as bacillus thuringiensis
subsp. israelensis, bacillus sphaericus, bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai, bacillus thurin-
giensis subsp. kurstaki and bacillus thuringiensis subsp. tenebrionis, or the Bt crop proteins:
CrytAb, CrytAc, Cry1Fa, Cry2Ab, mCry3A, Cry3Ab, Cry3Bb and Cry34/35Ab1;
M.12 Inhibitors of mitochondrial ATP synthase, for example
M.12A diafenthiuron, or
M.12B organotin miticides such as azocyclotin, cyhexatin or fenbutatin oxide, or M.12C pro-
pargite, or
M.12D tetradifon;
M.13 Uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation via disruption of the proton gradient, for example
chlorfenapyr, DNOC or sulfluramid;10
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M.14 Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) channel blockers, for example nereistoxin ana-
logues as bensultap, cartap hydrochloride, thiocyclam or thiosultap sodium;
M.15 Inhibitors of the chitin biosynthesis type 0, such as benzoylureas as for example bistriflu-
ron, chlorfluazuron, diflubenzuron, flucycloxuron, flufenoxuron, hexaflumuron, lufenuron, novalu-
ron, noviflumuron, teflubenzuron or triflumuron;
M.16 Inhibitors of the chitin biosynthesis type 1, as for example buprofezin;
M.17 Moutting disruptors, Dipteran, as for example cyromazine;
M.18 Ecdyson receptor agonists such as diacylhydrazines, for example methoxyfenozide,
tebufenozide, halofenozide, fufenozide or chromafenozide;
M.19 Octopamin receptor agonists, as for example amitraz;
M.20 Mitochondrial complex III electron transport inhibitors, for example
M.20A hydramethyinon, or
M.20B acequinocyl, or
M.20€ fluacrypyrim;
M.21 Mitochondrial complex | electron transport inhibitors, for example
M.21A METI acaricides and insecticides such as fenazaquin, fenpyroximate, pyrimidifen,
pyridaben, tebufenpyrad or tolfenpyrad, or
M.21B rotenone;
M.22 Voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers, for example
M.22A indoxacarb, or
M.22B metaflumizone; or
M.22C — 1-{(E)-{2-(4-cyanophenyl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl) phenyllethylidenejamino}-3-[4-
(difluoromethoxy)phenyljurea;
M.23 Inhibitors of the of acetyl CoA carboxylase, such as Tetronic and Tetramic acid deriva-
tives, for example spirodiclofen, spiromesifen or spirotetramat;
M.24 Mitochondrial complex IV electron transport inhibitors, for example
M.24A phosphine such as aluminium phosphide, calcium phosphide, phosphine or
zinc phosphide, or
M.24B cyanide.
M.25 Mitochondrial complex II electron transport inhibitors, such as beta-ketonitrile derivatives,
for example cyenopyrafen or cyflumetofen;
M.26 Ryanodine receptor-modulators from the class of diamides, as10
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for example flubendiamide, chlorantraniliprole (rynaxypyr®), cyantraniliprole (cyazypyr®), or
the phthalamide compounds
M.26.1: (R)-3-Chlor-N1-{2-methyl-4-(1,2,2,2 -tetrafluor-1-(trfluormethyl)ethyljphenyl+N2-(1-
methyl-2-methylsulfonylethyl)phthalamid and
M.26.2: (S)-3-Chlor-N1-{2-methy}-4-[1,2,2,2 ~tetrafiuor-1-(trifluormethyl)ethyl]phenyl}-N2-(1-
methyl-2-methylsulfonylethy!)phthalamid, or the compound
M.26.3: 3-bromo-N-{2-bromo-4-chloro-6-{(1-cyclopropylethy!)carbamoyl}pheny!}-1-(3-
chlorpyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (proposed ISO name: cyclaniliprole), or the com-
pound
M.26.4: methyl-2-{3,5-dibromo-2-({[3-bromo-1-(3-chlorpyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-
yllcarbony!}amino)benzoyll-1,2-dimethylhydrazinecarboxylate; or a compound selected from
M.26.Sa) to M.26.5d):
M.26.5a: _N-[2-(5-amino-t 3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-4-chloro-6-methyl-phenyl]-5-bromo-2-(3-chloro-
2-pyridy))pyrazole-3-carboxamide;
M.26.5b: _5-chloro-2-(3-chloro-2-pyridyl)-N-[2,4-dichloro-6-[(1-cyano-1-methyl-
ethyl)carbamoyl]phenyllpyrazole-3-carboxamide;
M.26.50: _ 5-bromo-N-[2,4-dichloro-6-(methylcarbamoyl)phenyl]-2-(3,5-dichloro-2-
pyridy!)pyrazole-3-carboxamide;
M.26.5d: _N-(2-(tert-butylcarbamoy!)-4-chloro-6-methyl-phenyl]-2-(3-chloro-2-pyridyl)-5-
(fluoromethoxy)pyrazole-3-carboxamide; or
M266: —N2-(1-cyano-1-methyl-ethyl)-N1-(2,4-dimethylpheny!)-3-iodo-phthalamide; or
M267: — 3-chloro-N2-(1-cyano--methylethyl)-N1-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)phthalamide;
M.X insecticidal active compounds of unknown or uncertain mode of action, as for example
afidopyropen, azadirachtin, amidoflumet, benzoximate, bifenazate, bromopropylate, chinome-
thionat, cryolite, dicofol, flufenerim, flometoquin, fluensulfone, flupyradifurone, piperonyl butox-
ide, pyridalyl, pyrifluquinazon, sulfoxaflor, pyflubumide, or the compounds
M.X.1: 4-[5-(3,5-Dichloro-phenyl)-5-trifluoromethyl-4,5-dihydro-isoxazol-3-yl]-2-methylN-{(2,2,2-
trifluoro-ethylcarbamoyl)-methyl|-benzamide, or the compound
M.X.2: cyclopropaneacetic acid, 1,1'-[(3S,4R,4aR,6S,6aS,12R,12aS, 12bS)-4-[[(2-
cyclopropylacetyljoxyjmethyl}-1,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,12,12a, 12b-decahydro-12-hydroxy-4,6a, 12b-
trimethyl 1-0xo-9-(3-pyridinyl)-2H,11H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyrano[3,4-elpyran-3,6-diyl] ester, or the
compound
M.X.3: 11-(4-chloro-2,6-dimethylphenyl)-12-hydroxy-1 4-dioxa-9-azadispiro[4.2.4.2|+tetradec-11-
en-10-one, or the compound
M.X.4: 3-(4'-fluoro-2,4-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)-4-hydroxy-8-oxa-1-azaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-2-one,
or the compound
M.X.5: 1-[2-fluoro-4-methyl-5-[(2,2,2-trifluoroethy!)sulfiny!}phenyl]-3-(trfluoromethyl)-1H-1,2,4-
triazole-5-amine, or actives on basis of bacillus firmus (Votivo, |-1582), or
M.X.6: a compound selected from the group of,
M.X.€a: (E/Z)-N-[1-{(6-chloro-3-pyridyl)methyl]-2-pyridylidene}-2,2,2-trifluoro-acetamide;
M.X.6b: (E/Z)-N-[1-{(6-chloro-5-fluoro-3-pyridyl)methyl]-2-pyridylidene}-2,2,2-trifluoro-acetamide;
M.X.60: (E/Z)-2,2,2-trifluoro-N-{1-{(6-fluoro-3-pyridyl)methyl]-2-pyridylidenejacetamide;10
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M.X.6d: (E/Z)-N-[1-{(6-bromo-3-pyridyl}methyl]-2-pyridylidene]-2,2,2-trifluoro-acetamide;
M.X.6e: (E/Z)-N-[1-[1-(6-chloro-3-pyridyl)ethy!}-2-pyridylidene}-2,2,2-trifluoro-acetamide;
M.X.6t: (E/2)-N-[1-(6-chloro-3-pyridyl)methyl]-2-pyridylidene}-2,2-difluoro-acetamide;
M.X.6g; (E/Z)-2-chloro-N-{1-[(6-chloro-3-pyridyl)methyl]-2-pyridylidene}-2,2-difluoro-acetamide;
M.X.6h: (E/Z)-N-[1-{(2-chloropyrimidin-5-yl) methyl}-2-pyridylidene}-2,2,2-trifluoro-acetamide and
M.X.6i: (E/Z)-N-[1-[(6-chloro-3-pyridyl) methyl]-2-pyridylidene]-2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoro-
propanamide); or
MX7: triflumezopyrim; or
MX8: — 44{5-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethy!)phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-isoxazol-3-yl]-N-[2-
ox0-2-(2,2,2-trifluoroethylamino)ethyl|naphthalene-1-carboxamide, or
M.X.9: 3-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethy!} phenyl]-4-oxo-1-(pyrimidin-5-ylmethyl)pyrido[1,2-
alpyrimidin-1-ium-2-olate; or
M.X.10: _ 8-chloro-N-[2-chloro-5-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl}-6-trifluoromethyl)-imidazof1,2-
alpyridine-2-carboxamide; or
MX.11: 45-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethy!)-4H-isoxazol-3-yl]-2-methyl-N-(1-
oxothietan-3-yl)benzamide; or
M.X.12: 5-[3-12,6-dichloro-4-(3,3-dichloroallyloxy)phenoxylpropoxy}-1H-pyrazole; or
2013/070154
MY Biopesticides, e.g.
M.Y-1: Microbial pesticides with insecticidal, acaricidal, molluscidal and/or nematicidal activ-
ity: Bacillus firmus, B. thuringiensis ssp. israelensis, B. t. ssp. galleriae, B. t. ssp. kurstaki,
Beauveria bassiana, Burkholderia sp., Chromobacterium sub-tsugae, Cydia pomonella granulo-
sis virus, Isaria fumosorosea, Lecanicillium longisporum, L. muscarium (formerly Verticilium
lecanii), Metarhizium an-isopliae, M. anisopliae var. acridum, Paecilomyces fumosoroseus, P.
lilacinus, Paenibacillus poppiliae, Pasteuria spp., P. nishizawae, P. reneformis, P. us-agae,
Pseudomonas fluorescens, Steinernema feltiae, Streptomces galbus;
M.Y-2) Biochemical pesticides with insecticidal, acaricidal, molluscidal, pheromone and/or
nematicidal activity: L-carvone, citral, (E,Z)-7,9-dodecadien-1-yl ace-tate, ethyl formate, (E,Z)-
2,4-ethyl decadienoate (pear ester), (Z,Z,E)-7,11,13-hexadecatrienal, heptyl butyrate, isopropyl
myristate, lavanulyl senecioate, 2-methyl 1-butanol, methyl eugenol, methyl jasmonate, (E,Z)-
2,13-octadecadien-1-ol, (E,Z)-2,13-octadecadien-1-ol acetate, (E,Z)-3,13-octadecadien-1-ol, R-
1-octen-3-ol, pentatermanone, potassium silicate, sorbitol actanoate, (E,Z,2)-3,8,11-
tetradecatrienyl acetate, (Z,E)-9,12-tetradecadien-1-yl acetate, Z-7-tetradecen-2-one, Z-9-
tetradecen-1-yl acetate, Z-11-tetradecenal, Z-11-tetradecen-1-ol, Acacia negra extract, extract
of grapefruit seeds and pulp, extract of Chenopodium ambrosiodae, Catnip oil, Neem oil, Quillay
extract, Ta-getes oll.
The commercially available compounds of the group M listed above may be found in The Pesti-
cide Manual, 15th Edition, C. D. S. Tomlin, British Crop Protection Council (2011) among other
publications.
The quinoline derivative flometoquin is shown in WO2006/013896. The aminofuranone com-
pounds flupyradifurone is known from WO 2007/115644. The sulfoximine compound sulfoxafior
is known from WO2007/149134. The pyrethroid momfluorothrin is known from US6908945. The10
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pyrazole acaricide pyflubumide is known from W02007/020986. The isoxazoline compound
M.X.1 has been described in WO2005/085216, M.X.8 in WO2009/002809 and in
WO2011/149749 and the isoxazoline M.X.11 in WO2013/050317. The pytipyropene derivative
M.X.2 has been described in WO 2006/129714. The spiroketal-substituted cyclic ketoenol de-
rivative M.X.3 is known from WO2006/089633 and the biphenyl-substituted spirocyclic ke-toenol
derivative M.X.4 from WO2008/06791 1. Triazoylphenylsulfide like M.X.5 have been described in
WO2006/043635 and biological control agents on basis of bacillus firmus in WO2009/124707.
The neonicotionids M4A.1 is known from WO20120/069266 and WO2011/06946, the M.4A.2,
from W02013/003977, the M4A.3.from WO2010/069266. The metaflumizone analogue M.22C.
is described in CN 10171877.
Cyantraniliprole (Cyazypyr) is known from e.g. WO 2004/067528. The phthalamides M.26.1 and
M.26.2 are both known from WO 2007/101540. The anthranilamide M.26.3 has been described
in WO 2005/077934. The hydrazide compound M.26.4 has been described in WO
2007/043677. The anthranilamide M.26.5a) is described in WO201 1/085575, the M.26.5b) in
WO2008/134969, the M.26.5c) in US2011/046186 and the M.26.5d in WO2012/034403. The
diamide compounds M.26.6 and M.26.7 can be found in CN102613183,
The compounds M.X.6a) to M.X.6i) listed in M.X.6 have been described in WO2012/029672
The mesoionic antagonist compound M.X.9 was described in WO2012/0921 15, the nemati-cide
M.X.10 in WO2013/055584 and the Pyridalyl-type analogue M.X.12 in WO2010/060379.
Biopesticides
The biopesticides from group M.Y, and from group F.XIIl) as described below, their preparation
and their biological activity e.g. against harmful fungi, pests is known (e-Pesticide Manual V 5.2
(ISBN 978 1 901396 85 0) (2008-2011); http:/www.epa.govlopp00001 /biopesticides/, see prod-
Uct lists therein; http://www.omri.org/omri-lsts, see lists therein; Bio-Pesticides Database BPDB
httpi//sitem.herts.ac.uklaeru/bpdb/, see A to Z link therein). Many of these biopesticides are reg-
istered and/or are commercially available: aluminium silicate (SCREEN™ DUO from Certis LLC,
USA), Ampelomyces quisqualis M-10 (e.g. AQ 10® from Intrachem Bio GmbH & Co. KG, Ger-
many), Ascophyllum nodosum (Norwegian kelp, Brown kelp) extract (e.g. ORKA GOLD from
Becker Underwood, South Africa), Aspergillus flavus NRRL 21882 (e.g. AFLA-GUARD® from
‘Syngenta, CH), Aureobasidium pullulans (e.g. BOTECTOR® from bio-ferm GmbH, Germany),
Azospirillum brasilense XOH (e.g. AZOS from Xtreme Gardening, USA USA or RTI Reforesta-
tion Technologies Intemational; USA), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens IT-45 (CNCM | 3800, NCBI
1091041) (e.g. RHIZOCELL C from ITHEC, France), B. amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum
MBI600 (NRRL B-50595, deposited at United States Department of Agriculture) (e.g. INTE-
GRAL®, CLARITY, SUBTILEX NG from Becker Underwood, USA), B. pumilus QST 2808
(NRRL Accession No. B 30087) (e.g. SONATA® and BALLAD® Plus from AgraQuest Inc.
USA), B. subtilis GB03 (e.g. KODIAK from Gustafson, Inc., USA), B. subtilis GBO7 (EPIC from
Gustafson, Inc., USA), B. subtilis QST-713 (NRRL-Nr. B 21661 in RHAPSODY®, SERENADE®
MAX and SERENADE® ASO from Agra-Quest Inc., USA), B. subtilis var. amyloliquenfaciens
FZB24 (e.g. TAEGRO® from Novozyme Biologicals, Inc., USA), B. subtilis var. amyloliquefa-
ciens D747 (e.g. Double Nickel 55 from Certis LLC, USA), Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. kurstaki
‘SB4 (e.g. BETA PRO® from Becker Underwood, South Africa), Beauveria bassiana GHA
(BOTANIGARD® 22WGP from Laverlam Int. Corp., USA), B. bassiana 12256 (e.g. BIOEX-10
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PERT® SC from Live Sytems Technology S.A., Colombia), B. bassiana PRP! 5339 (ARSEF
number 5339 in the USDA ARS collection of entomopathogenic fungal cultures) (e.g
BROAD7BAND@® from Becker Underwood, South Africa), Bradyrhizobium sp. (e.g. VAULT®
from Becker Underwood, USA), B. japonicum (e.g. VAULT® from Becker Underwood, USA),
Candida oleophila I-82 (e.g. ASPIRE® from Ecogen Inc., USA), Candida saitoana (e.g. BIO-
CUREG (in mixture with lysozyme) and BIOCOAT® from Micro Flo Company, USA (BASF SE)
and Arysta), Chitosan (e.g. ARMOUR-ZEN from BotriZen Ltd., NZ), Clonostachys rosea f. ca-
tenulata, also named Gliocladium catenulatum (e.g. isolate J1446: PRESTOP® from Verdera,
Finland), Coniothyrium minitans CON/M/91-08 (e.g. Contans® WG from Prophyta, Germany),
Cryphonectria parasitica (e.g. Endothia parasitica from CNICM, France), Cryptococcus albidus
(e.g. YIELD PLUS® from Anchor Bio-Technologies, South Africa), Ecklonia maxima (kelp) ex-
tract (e.g. KELPAK SL from Kelp Products Ltd, South Africa), Fusarium oxysporum (e.g. BIO-
FOX® from S.LA.P.A., Italy, FUSACLEANG from Natural Plant Protection, France), Glomus
intraradices (e.g. MYC 4000 from ITHEC, France), Glomus intraradices RTI-801 (e.g. MYKOS
from Xtreme Gardening, USA or RT! Reforestation Technologies International; USA), grapefruit
seeds and pulp extract (e.g. BC-1000 from Chemie S.A., Chile), Isaria fumosorosea Apopka-97
(ATCC 20874) (PFR-97™ from Certis LLC, USA), Lecanicillium muscarium (formerly Verticillium
lecanii) (e.g. MYCOTAL from Koppert BV, Netherlands), Lecanicillium longisporum KV42 and
KV71 (e.g. VERTALEC® from Koppert BV, Netherlands), Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum
IMI 330189 (deposited in European Culture Collections CAB!) (2.9. GREEN MUSCLE® from
Becker Underwood, South Africa), M. anisopliae Fl-1045 (e.g. BIOCANE® from Becker Under-
wood Ply Ltd, Australia), M. anisopliae var. acridum FI-985 (e.g. GREEN GUARD® SC from
Becker Underwood Pty Ltd, Australia), M. anisopliae F52 (e.g. MET52® Novozymes Biologicals
BioAg Group, Canada), M. anisopliae ICIPE 69 (e.g. METATHRI~POL from ICIPE, Kenya)
Metschnikowia fructicola (e.g. SHEMER® from Agrogreen, Israel), Microdochium dimerum (e.g.
ANTIBOT® from Agrauxine, France), Neem cil (e.g. TRILOGY®, TRIACT® 70 EC from Certis
LLC, USA), Paecilomyces funosoroseus strain FE 9901 (e.g. NO FLY™ from Natural Indus-
tries, Inc., USA), P. lilacinus DSM 15169 (e.g. NEMATA® SC from Live Systems Technology
S.A., Colombia), P. lilacinus BCP2 (e.g. PL GOLD from Becker Underwood BioAg SA Ltd,
South Africa), mixture of Paenibacillus alvei NAS6G6 and Bacillus pumilis (e.g. BAC-UP from
Becker Underwood South Africa), Penicillium bilaiae (e.g. JUMP START® from Novozymes
Biologicals BioAg Group, Canada) Phlebiopsis gigantea (e.g. ROTSTOP® from Verdera, Fin-
land), potassium silicate (e.g. Si-MATRIX™ from Certis LLC, USA), Pseudozyma flocculosa
(e.g. SPORODEX® from Plant Products Co. Ltd., Canada), Pythium oligandrum DV74 (e.g.
POLYVERSUM@ from Remeslo SSRO, Biopreparaty, Czech Rep.), Reynoutria sachlinensis
extract (¢.g. REGALIA® from Marrone BioInnovations, USA), Rhizobium leguminosarum bv.
phaseolil (e.g. RHIZO-STICK from Becker Underwood, USA), R. |. trifolii (e.g. DORMAL from
Becker Underwood, USA), R. |. by. viciae (e.g. NODULATOR from Becker Underwood, USA),
‘Sinorhizobium meliloti (e.g. DORMAL ALFALFA from Becker Underwood, USA; NITRAGIN@
Gold from Novozymes Biologicals BioAg Group, Canada), Steinernema feltiae (NE-
MA7SHIELD® from BioWorks, Inc., USA), Streptomyces lydicus WYEC 108 (e.g. Actinovate®
from Natural Industries, Inc., USA, US 5,403,584), S. violaceusniger YCED-9 (e.g. DT-98 from
Natural Industries, Inc., USA, US 5,968,503), Talaromyces flavus V117b (e.g. PROTUS® from
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Prophyta, Germany), Trichoderma asperellum SKT-1 (e.g. ECO-HOPE® from Kumiai Chemical
Industry Co., Ltd., Japan), T. atroviride LC52 (e.g. SENTINEL® from Agrimm Technologies Ltd,
NZ), T. fertile JM41R (e.g. RICHPLUS™ from Becker Underwood Bio Ag SA Ltd, South Africa),
T. harzianum T-22 (e.g. PLANTSHIELD® der Firma BioWorks Inc., USA), T. harzianum TH 35
(e.g. ROOT PRO® from Mycontrol Ltd., Israel), T. harzianum T-39 (e.g. TRICHODEX® and
TRICHODERMA 2000 from Mycontrol Ltd., Israel and Makhteshim Ltd., Israel), T. harzianum
and T. viride (e.g. TRICHOPEL from Agrimm Technologies Ltd, NZ), T. harzianum ICCO12 and
T. viride ICC080 (e.g. REMEDIER® WP from Isagro Ricerca, Italy), T. polysporum and T. harzi-
anum (e.g. BINAB® from BINAB Bio-Innovation AB, Sweden), T. stromaticum (e.g. TRICO-
VAB® from C.E.P.LA.C., Brazil), T. virens GL-24 (also named Gliocladium virens) (e.g. SOIL-
GARD® from Certis LLC, USA), T. viride (e.g. TRIECO® from Ecosense Labs. (India) Pvt. Ltd.,
Indien, BIO-CURE® F from T. Stanes & Co. Ltd., Indien), T. viride TV1 (e.g. T. viride TV1 from
Agribiotec st, Italy), Ulocladium oudemansii HRU3 (e.g. BOTRY-ZEN@ from Botty-Zen Ltd,
NZ), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens AP-136 (NRRL B-50614), B. amyloliquefaciens AP-188 (NRRL
B-50615), B. amyloliquefaciens AP-218 (NRRL 8-50618), B. amyloliquefaciens AP-219 (NRRL
B-50619), B. amyloliquefaciens AP-295 (NRRL B-50620), B. mojavensis AP-209 (No. NRRL B-
50616), B. solisalsi AP-217 (NRRL B-50617), B. pumilus strain INR-7 (otherwise referred to as
BU-F22 (NRRL B-50153) and BU-F33 (NRRL B-50185)), B. simplex ABU 288 (NRRL B-50340)
and B. amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum MBI600 (NRRL B-50595) have been mentioned iva.
in US patent appl. 20120149571, WO 2012/079073. Beauveria bassiana DSM 12256 is known
from US200020031495. Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA is known from US patent 7,262,151
‘Sphaerodes mycoparasitica IDAC 301008-01 (IDAC = Intemational Depositary Authority of
Canada Collection) is known from WO 2011/022809.
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum MBI600 having the accession number NRRL B-
‘50595 is deposited with the United States Department of Agriculture on Nov. 10, 2011 under the
strain designation Bacillus subtilis 1430. It has also been deposited at The National Collections
of Industrial and Marine Bacteria Ltd. (CIB), Torry Research Station, P.O. Box 31, 135 Abbey
Road, Aberdeen, AB9 8DG, Scotland.under accession number 1237 on December 22, 1986.
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MBI600 is known as plant growth-promoting rice seed treatment
from Int. J. Microbiol. Res. ISSN 0975-5276, 3(2) (2011), 120-130 and further desoribed e.g. in
US 2012/0149571 A1. This strain MBI600 is commercially available as liquid formulation prod-
uct Integral® (Becker-Underwood Inc., USA). Recently, the strain MBI 600 has been re-
classified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum based on polyphasic testing which
combines classical microbiological methods relying on a mixture of traditional tools (such as
culture-based methods) and molecular tools (such as genotyping and fatty acids analysis).
Thus, Bacillus subtilis MBI600 (or MBI 600 or MBI-600) is identical to Bacillus amyloliquefaciens
subsp. plantarum MBI600, formerly Bacillus subtilis MBI600.
Metathizium anisopliae IMI33 is commercially available from Becker Underwood as product
Green Guard. M. anisopliae var acridium strain IMI 330189 (NRRL-50758) is commercially
available from Becker Underwood as product Green Muscle.
Bacillus subtilis strain FB17 was originally isolated from red beet roots in North America (Sys-
tem Appl. Microbiol 27 (2004) 372-379). This Bacillus subtilis strain promotes plant health (US
2010/0260735 A1; WO 201 1/109395 A2). B. sublilis F817 has also been deposited at American