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THE EAR AND THE PERCEPTION OF SOUND §§] “Toole, Floyd F., Loudness—Applications and implications foraudio, AR Magazine, Part I:7, 5 (May 1973) 7-30, Part Ti: 7, 6 (ume 1973) 25-28, “Zwicker, C.G.,G, Flottorp, and S.S. Stevens, Gritical hand:vidths in loudness summation, J. ‘Acous. Soc. Am.,29, 5 (1957) 548-557. “!Mooro, Brian Gj, and Brian Glasborg, Suggested formulae for calculating auditory filter bandwidths and excitation patterns, . Acous. Soe. Am., 74, 3 (1988) 750-753. Meyer, Erwin, Physical measurements in rooms and their meaning in terms of hearing conditions, Proc, 2nd Int. Congr. on. cows. (1956) 59-68, “Stevons, S.S. and J. Volkman, The relation of pitch to froquoney: a revised scale, Am. J. Peychology, 53 (1940) 329-358, *Plomb, R. and 11.1.M. Steonckon, Place dependence of timbre in roverborant sound fioids, Acustica, 28,1 (1978) 50-59, “Blauert, Jens, Spatial Hearing, Cambridge, MIT Press (1983). “Stark, Craig, The sense of hearing, Steroo Review, (September 1968) 66, 71-74 "Pletcher, Harvey, The ear as a measuring instrument, J. Audio Eng. Soe., 17,5 (1969) 532. “Everest, . Alton, The filters in our ears, Audio, 70, 9 (1986) 50-59. “schioedes, M.R., D, Gottlob, and KF. Siebiasse, Comparative stucly of Buropean concert halls: correlation of subjective presence with geometric and acoustic parameters, J. ACoUs. Soc. Amb, 56, 4 (1974) 1198-1201, *Hawkos, 8.J. and H. Douglas, Subjective experience in concert auditoria, Acustica, 28, 5 (a7) 295-250. "Haas, Helmut, The influence ofa single echo on the audibility of speeck, J. Audio Eng, Soc., 20, 2 (1972) 146-159. (This is an English translation from the German by Dr. Ingr. K.P. ‘Bhrenberg of Haas' original paper in Acustica, 1, 2 (1951) “Olive, SE. and FE. Toole, The detection of reflections in typical rooms, J. Audio Engr. Soe. 87 (2039) 539-555. "Toole, FE., Loudspeakers and rooms jor stexeophonie sound reproduction, Proc, AES ath Intorational Conforemca, Warhington, D.C, 2.6 May, 2000, pp F104. Meyer, B. and GR. Schodder, On the influence of reflected sounds on directional localization and loudness of spocoh, Nachr. Akad. Wise., GBttingon, Math., Phye., Klazzo Ta, 6 (1952) 91-42. “Lochner, .P.A. and JP. Burger, The subjective masking of ahort time delayed ochoes by their primary sounds and their contribution to the intelligibility of speeck, Acustica, 8 (1958) 1-10. This page intentionally left blank. CHAPTER pound Waves in the Free Field ractical acoustic problems are invariably associated with people, buildings, rooms, airplanes, automobiles, etc. These can generally be classified either as problems in physics (sound as a stimulus) or probleis in psychupliysics (sound as @ perception), aud often as bot. Acoustical problems can be very complex in a physical sense, for involved or example, thousands of reflected components might be obscure temperature gradients might bend the sound in such a way as to affect the rests. When acoustical problems invalve human heings and their reactions, “complexity” takes on a whole new meaning. Don’t be discouraged if you want a practical understanding of acous- ties, but your background is in another field, or you have little technical background at all. The inherent complexity of acoustics is pointed out only to justify going back to the inherent simplicity of sound in a free field as a starting point in the study of other types of practical sound fields. Sound in a free field travels in straight lines, unimpeded and unde- fected. Uniinpeded sound is sound Uhl is unreflected, unabsorbed, Copyright 2001 ‘The McGraw-Hill Companies, Ine. Cliek Here for Terms ot Use.

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