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    NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF CHILDREN UNDER 6 YEARS OF AGE Harishankar’, Shraddha Dwivedi’, S.B. Dabral®, D.K. Walia* ABSTRACT Research Question: Nutritional status of children under 6 years of age. Objectives: : + To.assess the magnitude of malnutrition among children under 6 years of age. + To study factors associated with nutrtional status of chikdren under 6 years of age. + To suggest various preventive measures to combat problem of malnutrition. Results: Amongst normal grade of nutntion majarity 83 (78.30%) of children were it age group 25-36 ‘months (2-3 years). The maximum overall prevalence of malnutrition was recoded 33 (32.02%) in age group 13-24 months. The meximum prevalence of grade 1 malnutrition was found to be in age 37-72 months. ‘Majority of children having grade I! malnutrition were in age group 13-24 months while maximum grade Il! :ainutrition was recorded in age groups 0-12 months. Maximum grade IV malnourished children were found to be 2 (1.88%) in age group 25-36 months followed by 1 (0.65%) in age group 37-72 months. INTRODUCTION Nutritional problems among children cause major morbidity and mortality in India. Despite spectacular increase in food grain production in recent years the problem of chionic malnutrition continues to eaist extensively; especially among children below 6 years of ages they are caught in a relentless sequence of ignorance, poverty, inadequate food intake, disease and early death. Protein energy malnutrition (PEM) is a spectrum having two different clinical manifestations Kwashiorkor being at one end of spectrum and marasmus at the other end. Department of Community Medicine, M.L.N. Medical Colisge, Allahabad (U.P.), India, . L Indexed in : index Medicus (IMSEAR), INSDOC, NCI Current Content, Database f Alcohol & Drug Abuse, National Database in TB & Allied Diseases, IndMED, Entered in WHO CD ROM for South East Asia. Harishankar et al. Nutritional status of children under 6 years of age TABLE- 4: Demographic characteristics. L Age in months Gonerat 0-42 13-29 25-36 37-72 Total characteristics "No | % | No.| % | No | % | No | % | No. | % Religion Le Hindu m1 | 166 | 103 | 241 | 105 | 245 | 148 | 346 | 427 | 979 Muslim 03 33.3 00 00 1 14 05 55.6 09 2.0 Caste | General 06 93 36 56.2 20 31.2 02 3.4 64 14.7 { + Backwardcaste | 43 | 172 | 49 | 196 | 60 | 240 | 98 | 392 | 260 | 585 * Scheduled caste | 22 | 194 | 16 | 1897 | 25 | 221 | 48 | 42a | 113 | 259 Sex [+ Male 42 | 166 | 61 | 241 | 58 | 229] 92 | 366| 253 | 580 «Female 32_| 174 | 42 | 229 | 48 | 262] 61 | 333 | 123 | 419 | Total 74 | 169 | 103 | 236 | 106 | 24.3 | 163 | 25.0 | 436 | 1000 : Mean age (in months) + SD for male 34.84417.82. Mean age (in months) + SD for female 34.13417.51. Increased prevalence of malnutrition in Eastern region of U.P. as compared to other region may be because of poverty, illiteracy and frequent floods. Study so for available have not been able to reflect the extent of problem of malnutrition in Eastern U.P. The proposed study is an attempt to investigate the problem concerning nutrition among children less than 6 years of age as Allahabad district is in the Eastern region of U.P. MATERIAL AND METHODS The present study was conducted in rural areas of Allahabad district during year 2001-2002, with the broad objectives of studying nutritional status of newly married women (married last two years from the date of survey). Study Design: A stratified multi stage random sampling procedure was adapted to selected study units. A sample of two blocks namely Jasara in Trans Yamuna area and Saidabad in Trans Ganga area were selected randomly as primary stage units. Within selected primary stage units sample of villages were selected as secondary stage units. Within selected villages women married last two years called newly married women were to be surveyed as ultimate study subjects. Indian J. Prev. Soc. Med Vol. 35 No.3 4 457 July.Dec., 2004 Harishankar et al. Nutritional status of children under 6 years of age by Wiha tu ethos nnoatnet Information on ail possible factors associated with nutritional status of women like antenatal and post natal care of mother. Anthropometrics measurements like weight and height were also recorded. Pilot survey on newly married women revealed about 45% mothers underweight, due to lack of availability of such mothers in the community surveyed a wider population survey was required. The optimum sample size was calculated using the formula nOPT =4) (1-PYL?. Increasing permissible margin of error to 10% and it was fount to be 95. Women survey was continued to attain a minimum number of 95 currently married women. For this purpose a population of about 17,000 had to be covered in present study. In all 127 mothers were surveyed. Criteria used for assessment of nutritional status for women weight/height. BMI = weight in kg/ height squared (in mitre) BMI score for women ro . 18.5-25.0 = Healthy . 17.0 - 18.5 = mild underweight 16.0 - 17.0 = moderate underweight = #1

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