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    Indian Joumal of Community Medicine Vol. XXV, No.1, Jan-Mar, 2000 STUDY OF UNMET NEED FOR FAMILY PLANNING AMONG MARRIED WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE ATTENDING IMMUNIZATION CLINIC IN A MEDICAL COLLEGE OF CALCUTTA Mrs. Rama Ram, M.N. Ghosh, Salil Bhattacharya, ‘Anima Haldar, Chitra Chatterjee, Narendranath Naskar Deptt. of Community Medicine, Calcutta National Medical College, Calcutta Abstract: [Reach question: What athe exten and anos nt neo aly laoning among urban moder of pode age ate nian cic ofa Medics! College Hospital and ts association wih s * Some demographic and social factors? Objectives: 1. To find out the extent of unmet need among mothers of reproductive age. 2. To identity the demographic and social factors influencing unmet need, 3. To find out the possible reasons of unmet need. Seating: Immunisation ‘Sludy design: Cross-sectional study. nie of Caleta National Medical College (Department of Community Medicine) Sample size: 20% sample ofall mothers attending the immunisation clinic fora petiod of 6 months by systematic random sampling method ‘Sludy variables: Age, parity, literacy, lack of information, unsatisfactory service et Results: The extent of unmet need among married women of reproductive age was 23.1%, Majonity of the mathers belonged tothe age ‘group 21-30 years (53.5%), had 2 oF more children (9242) and were iterate (49-58) The main reasons for unmet need were lack Of information (26%), health conceins and side effects (25.25%, inconvenient and unsatisfactory service (27-50%) and opposition from, husband ete. (12%. ‘Conclusion: Improving the quality of service and acess to convenient methods, improving communication and focussing on men as w ‘as women will educe unmet need. =| Key Words: Unmet need, Family planning, Cross-sectional survey. Introduction: Millions of women who are sexually active would prefer to avoid becoming pregnant either right way or otherwise, but they are not using any methods of contraception. These women are considered to have an “unmet need” for family planning. The concept of unmet need points to the gap between some women reproductive imentions and contraceptive behaviour of women’. In doing 0, it poses a challenge to family planning programme of reaching and serving millions of women whose reproductive attitudes resemble those of contraceptive users but who, for some reason or combination of reasons, are not using contraception®. ‘Among the common reasons for unmet need are inconvenient or unsatisfactory services, lack of information, fears about contraceptive side effects and ‘opposition from husbands, relatives or others. By responding to the concerns of women with unmet need, programmes can serve more people and in a better way. In view of the above, the present study was carried, out Material and Methods: ‘The study was undertaken in the Immunisation Clinic run by the department of Community Medicine of Calcutta National Medical College, Calcutta, among the mothers of reproductive age who were attending the clinic with their children for vaccination. The total period of study was about ‘6 months or 144 working days, as the clinic runs for 6 days in a week. As the daily attendance in the clinic is about 60, 0 the total number of mothers came to be about 8640 and ‘out of this 20% sample was chosen using systematic sampling method. As a result, the total number of married women of reproductive age group eligible for study was about 1728, who were interviewed to screen out the unmet need group using the standard formulation which included all fecund women who were married and presumed to be sexually active, who were not using any method of contraception and who either did not want to have any more children or wanted to postpone their next birth for at least two more years. The unmet need group also included all those pregnant and lactating mothers whose current or previous pregnancies were unintended or mistimed. By interviewing the women of the "unmet need group” information was collected about different demographic and socio-economic factors and also about the ‘main reasons of not using contraception on predesigned and retested proforma ‘Age Number Percentage

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