Unita

33 can e could

-
H e can play th e p iano . Sa suonare i/ piano. 'Potrebbe aprire /a porta, per fa vore?'
Can e seguito dall 'infinito (can do I can pl ay I can come ecc.):
do do ?
l/w e/you/they } can play can I/we /you/they play ?
he/she/it cannot (can't) see he/she/it see ?
come ecc. come? ecc.

1 can do someth ing puo sign ificare 'so fare qu alcosa ' opp ure 'posso I rie sco a fare qua lcosa'.
1 can do something = so fare qualcosa:
o l ean play the piano. M y brother can play the piano too. So suonare ... sa suonare ...
o Sarah can speak Italian but she can't spe ak Spa nish. ... sa par/are ... ma non sa par/are ...
o 'Can you swim?' 'Yes, but I' m no t a very good swimmer.' 'Sci nuotare?' ...
1 can do something = poss o I riesco a fare qualco sa:
o 'Can you change twenty p ounds?' 'I'm sorry, 1 can't .' 'Puoi cambiarmi ... ?' 'No, mi spiace'
o 'T here aren't any taxis.' 'We can take a bu s.' ... 'Possiamo prendere un outobus'
o I'm too tired. 1 can't sleep. ... Non riesco a dormire.
Con see e hear, in inglese di soli to si usa can (I can see I I can hear ), m entre in italiano si dice
sem pliceme nte 've do/sento' ecc.:
o Can yo u hear me? Mi senti? / Mi sentite?
D 1 can see a light over th ere . Vedo una /uce /aggiu.

_ II pa ssato di can/can't e could/couldn't:

o When 1 wa s yo ung, 1 could run very fast. ... sapevo correre ...
o Befor e Anna came to Britain, she couldn't understand much Engli sh . Now she can understand
everything. ... non capiva/non riusciva a capire... Adesso capisce/riesce a capire ...
o I was tired last night bu t 1 couldn't sleep. ... non riuscivo a dorm ire.
o 1 had a party last we ek but Paul an d Jenny couldn't come. ... non sana potuti venire.

Uso di Can ... ? e Could .. . ? nelle ric hieste:

Si usa Ca n you .. . ? (= Pu oi ... ?) 0 Co uld you ... ? (= Potresti.. . ?) per chiede re a qualcuno di fare
qu alcosa:
o Can you open th e door, please? oppure Could you open th e door, please?
o Can you w ait a moment, please? opp ure Could you wa it .. . ?
Si chi ede Can 1 have ... ? 0 Could I have ... ? (letter almente: 'P ossolP otrei avere ... ?' ) per avere
qu alcosa:
o (in un negozio) Can I have th ese postc ards, please? opp ur e Could 1 ha ve .. . ?
Mi do queste carto/ine, per favore?Norrei ...
Can 1 ... ? (= Posso ... ?) 0 Could I ... ? (= Potrei ... ?) si usan o per chi edere un pe rme sso 0 un favore :
o Tom, can I borr ow your umbrella ? op pure Tom, could 1 borrow yo ur umbrella?
o (al telefono) Hello, can 1 speak to Gerry, ple ase? opp ure ... could 1 spea k .. . ?

76 May I ...? ~ Unita 32

 Unita 33
~sTm
Chi edi a St eve se sa fa re Ie cose i ll ust rat e nel le fig ure.

1 .....c::~ .!:J.()IA..... ?.~.ir.n. .r ....

2
3
4
5
6

TEN KILOMETRES

Osserva ancora Ie fi gure. Scrivi che cosa sai 0 non sai f are t u. Usa I can 0 I can't.
7I ... ................. 9 11 .
8 ....... 10 12 .

Com pleta ogni fra se usando can 0 can't + uno dei seg uent i verb i. quietly = a bassa voce
-wnw- fi nd hear see speak get = ottenere
1 I'm sorry but we .....<:.:<J.:.l:1.l.. 0l"11.~ to your party next Saturday.
2 I like this hotel room . You the mountains from the window.
3 You are speaking ver y quietly. I yo u.
4 Have you seen my bag? I it.
S Catherine got the job because she five languages.

Com pleta ogni frase usando can't 0 couldn' t + uno di que sti verbi. meeting = riunione /
eat decide fi nd go go ~ convegno
1 I was tired but I ....9:>IA..L4Y.'.'L?~~p.: .
2 I wasn't hungry yesterday. I my dinner.
3 Ann doesn't know what to do . She .
4 I wanted to speak to Martin yesterday but I him.
S Jim . to the concert next Saturday. He has to work.
6 Paula to the meeting last week. She was ill. borrow = prendere
a prestito
Ch e direst i in quest e sit uazioni? Usa can 0 could con Ie paro le ind icat e tra par entesi.

2 (pass) ~ m )
.................................................

,
~
SALT
~ (~ V,\
~~
- '<' . ; - - - - . ~lll~- -.
6 (borrow)

Iraduci in ingle se. prestare = lend

1 Lisa sa suonare la chitarra, rna non sa ballare. lasciare = leave
2 James non puo ven ire alIa riunione domani .
3 Quand'ero giovane sapevo sciare molto bene.
4 Che cosa sai fare? Sai usare un computer?
S Potresti prestarmi il tuo ombrello, per piacere?
6 'Mi vedi?' 'Ti sento, rna non ti vedo.'
7 Non siamo riusciti a lasciare l'ufficio prima delle 5.30.
8 Mi da un chilo di arance, per favore?

77
 Soluzioni deg li esercizi

29 .5 UNITA 31 32 .3
1 They are going to build a hotel 3 H e might get up early.
31.1
here. 4 He isn't / H e's not workin g
2 The conce rt is going to start/ 2 I'll send S I'll do tom orrow.
begin. 3 I'll eat 6 I'll stay S He might be at hom e to mor row
3 I'm no t go ing to wa it. 4 I'll sit 7 I'll show morning.
4 Are yo u going to invite a lot 31.2 6 H e might wa tch television.
of/ma ny peop le to your par ry? 7 He 's going out in the afternoo n.
S We' re late. We'r e going to miss 2 I think I'll have 8 He might go shopping.
th e tra in. 3 I don 't think I'll play
6 Wh ere are you go ing to spend 4 I don't think I'll buy 32.4
th e/your Chr istmas holidays? 31.3 Esempi di ri sposte :
7 'Wha t is Lar a going to do after 1 I might rea d a newspap er.
2 I'll do 2 I might go for a drin k with
universit y?' 'She's going to look
3 I watch some friend s.
for a job .'
4 I'll go 3 I might have a sandwich for
UNITA 30 S is going to buy lunch.
6 I'll give
30.1 7 Are yo u do ing . .. I'm going 32 .5
2 she'll be S she's 1 Sue a nd Kate might/m ay a rrive
31.4
3 she was 6 she was late .
4 she' ll be 7 she' ll be 2 Shall I turn off the television? 2 ' You might/may need help .'
3 Shall I make some san dwiches? 'I rnight/may.' " (0 'Perha ps you
30.2 4 Sha ll I turn on th e light ? will need help.' 'Perh ap s.!
Esempi di risposte : M aybe.' )
3 1.5
2 I'll be at hom e. 3 'W ill yo u see Jim tom or ro w ?' 'I
3 I'll probabl y be in bed. 2 where shall we go ?
might .!I may/Perh ap s.Zlvlaybe.:"
4 I'll be at wo rk . 3 wh at sha ll we buy?
4 Kay might/m ay not ph one/ring.
S I don 't kno w where I'll be. 4 w ho sha ll we invite ?
S We migh t/m ay not be at home
31.6 in the aftern oon .
30.3
6 I'm go ing to the th eat re thi s
2 'l l/wi ll S ' ll/will 1 I'll dr ive. You' re to o tired .
evening/to night. M ay/Can I use
3 won't 6 'II/will 2 (You) clean the kit ch en. I' ll
yo ur bicycle?
4 w on't 7 w on't was h the dish es.
In qu esto tipo di risposte brevi
3 I thi nk I'll wa tch the film this
si puo usare 'Perha ps' 0 'M aybe'
30.4 evening/to night.
a l posto di 'I mightII ma y' .
3 I think we 'll win the game . 4 'I don 't thi nk I'll phon e/r ing
4 I don 't th ink I'll be h ere Ann.' 'Sha ll I phone/r ing her?' UNITA 33
tom or row. S 'What are your future plan s?'
S I think Sue will like her present. 'I' m go ing to study medicin e.' 33.1
6 I don 't think th ey'll get married. 6 Shall we turn/switch on the 2 Ca n you ski?
7 I don 't think you'll enjoy the film. television ? 3 Ca n you play chess ?
7 'What ar e yo u doing tom orro w ? 4 Ca n you run ten kilom etres?
30.5 / Wh at are yo u going to do S Ca n you dr ive?
2 are you doing tom or ro w? ' 'I' m going to 6 Ca n you rid e a hors e?
3 Th ey'r e goin g Venice.' 7 I can/ca n' t swim.
4 she'll lend 8 Wh at sha ll we have ? Co ffee ' 8 I can/c an 't ski .
S I'm goi ng 9 Sam plays the guit ar very well. 9 I can/can 't play chess.
6 w ill ph on e Shall I invit e him to the pa rry? 10 I ca n/ca n't run ten kilom etr es.
7 H e's working 11 I ca n/can't dr ive.
8 Will UNITA 32 12 I ca n/ca n't rid e a ho rse.
30.6 32 .1 33.2
1 We'll be in Vienn a at 9 o'cl ock 2 I might see you to mo rrow.
2 can see 4 can 't find
to mor row. (0 At 9 o'cloc k 3 Ann might forget to phone.
3 can't hear S can speak
tom orrow ... ) 4 It might snow tod ay.
2 Ask Silvia. She'll help yo u. S I might be lat e tonigh t. 33.3
3 Don't ph one/ring at 2 o 'cl ock . 6 M ary might not be here. 2 cou ldn't eat
Th ey won 't be at home. 7 I might no t have tim e to meet 3 can 't decid e
4 I don 't think Int er will win. you. 4 couldn't find
S I don 't thin k Luigi will com e. 32.2 S can 't go
6 Do yo u th ink it will rain at the 6 couldn't go
weekend ? 2 I might go away.
7 Will you remember to send me 3 I might see her on Monda y. 33.4
a postcard ? 4 I might have fish. 2 Ca n/Co uld you pass the salt,
8 Tim won 't be in the office S I might get/take a taxi. 0 ... go (please )?
tomo rrow. He's going to Lond on. by taxi . 3 Can/Could you turn off the
9 I'm sorry. It wo n't happen aga in. 6 I might buy a new car. radio , (please)?
288
 Soluzioni degli esercizi

4 Can/Co uld I have to mato soup, 6 You needn 't pay now. You can pay UNITA 36
(please)? later. (0 You don't need to pay ...)
5 Can/Could yo u give me yo ur 7 This is a secret. You m ustn't tell 36.1
ph on e nu mb er, (please)? any body/anyone . 2 You sho uld go
6 Can/Could I bor ro w yo ur pen, 8 Pat needn 't wai t for me. (0 Pat 3 You should clean
(please)? 0 Can/Could yo u lend doesn't need to wa it .. .) 4 yo u sho u ld visit
me... ? 5 yo u sho uld wea r
UNITA 35 6 You sho uld tak e
33 .5
35.1 36.2
1 Lisa ca n pl ay the guita r but she
can 't dance. 2 have to do 2 H e sho uldn't eat so much.
2 James can 't come to the meetin g 3 has to rea d 3 She shouldn't work so hard.
tomorrow. 4 have to speak 4 H e sho uldn't dri ve so fast.
3 When I was yo ung, I co uld ski 5 has to travel
very we ll. 3 6.3
35.2
4 W ha t can yo u do ? Can you use 2 Do yo u think I should learn (to
a com puter? 2 have to go drive)?
5 Co uld you lend me your 3 had to buy 3 Do you think I sh ould get
umbrella, please ? 4 have to cha nge another job ?
6 'Can yo u see me? ' 'I can hear 5 had to answer 4 D o yo u think I sho uld invite
yo u, but I ca n't see yo u.' Gary (to th e p arty )?
3 5.3
7 We cou ldn't leave the office
befo re 5.30. 2 did he have to wa it 36.4
8 Ca n I have a kilo of oranges, 3 does she have to go 3 I think you should sell it.
p lease? 4 did you have to pay 4 I thi nk she sho uld have a
5 do yo u have to do holid ay.
UNITA 34 3 5.4 5 I do n' t thi nk th ey sho uld get
marri ed .
34.1 2 doesn 't have to wait 6 I don 't think you sho uld go to
2 mus t meet 3 didn't h ave to get up early. wo rk
3 must was h 4 doesn't have to work (so) hard. 7 I th ink h e sho uld go to th e
4 must learn 5 don 't have to leave now. docto r.
5 m ust go 8 I don 't think we sho uld stay
6 mu st win
35.5
the re .
7 mus t be Esempi di risposte:
3 hav e to pay 36.5
34.2 4 had to borr ow Esempi di risposte:
2 I must 5 I ha d to 5 must stop 0 have to stop 2 I think every body sho uld have
3 I had to 6 I h ad to 6 has to m eet eno ugh foo d.
4 I mu st 7 I m ust 7 m ust tell 0 have to tell 3 I think p eopl e sho uld dri ve
35.6 carefully.
34. 3
4 I don 't th ink the po lice sho uld
2 needn 't h urr y 2 I have to go to wo rk every day.
ca rry gu ns .
3 mustn't lose 3 I have to wri te a letter
5 I th ink I sho uld do more
4 needn't wait to mo rr ow.
exercise.
5 mus tn 't forge t 4 I had to go to th e dentist
6 needn 't wr ite yesterday. 36.6
35.7 1 You sho uld read thi s book. (0
34.4
You ought to rea d ...)
2 C 4 E 1 I can't pl ay foo tball/so ccer
2 Joh n sho uldn' t say these thin gs.
3 A 5 B to morrow afte rnoon. I have to
(0 John ou ght not to say ... )
go to school.
34.5 3 The teach er thinks you sho uld
2 Jill isn 't co ming. She has to go
go to England every summer. (0
3 needn 't 7 m ust to th e docto r('s).
.. .tha t yo u ought to go . ..)
4 had to 8 had to 3 I m ust (0 have to) hurry. I m ust 4 Anna mus t go. You mu st wa it
5 must 9 nee dn 't (0 have to ) catch th e bus.
for Ted .
6 mustn 't 4 'Is Steve read y ?' 'No, he has to
5 I don't th ink they sho uld talk so
was h th e dishes / to do th e
34.6 mu ch . (0 ...th ey ought to
washing up / to wash up.'
talk .. .)
1 You mus t remem ber to bu y 5 D o yo u have to re ad many (0 a
6 D o yo u th ink I sho uld tell her
some brea d . lot of) book s for th e exam?
th e tr uth? (0 .. .I ought to tell
2 It was late. They ha d to take/get 6 Bill an d Liz h ad to buy a bigger
her. .. )
a taxi . hou se last year.
7 It 's late . I m ust leave
3 It's important. You m ust listen 7 Did you have to answer many
immediately/at once.
to me. (0 a lot of) qu estion s?
8 D o yo u think we sho uld
4 W hat time did you have to get 8 We don 't have to get up early
ph one /ring ? (0 ... we ought to
up yesterday? to morrow. It's a h olid ay.
ph on e/rin g ?)
5 We mus t win. We mustn't lose 9 You m ust (0 have to) find a
th is match/game . better job . 289