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Central processing unit (CPU)

Control
unit

Arithmetic
logical unit
(ALU) I/O devices

Registers
Main
Disk Printer
…
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memory

Bus


    


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(a)

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S2: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
S3: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 …
S4: 1 2 3 4 5 6
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Control unit

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8 × 8 Processor/memory grid
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Memory
 
    


Local memories

Shared Shared
memory memory

CPU CPU CPU CPU CPU CPU CPU CPU

Bus Bus
(a) (b)


  
         
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0 0 0
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7 7 (c)

8 12 bits

9 (b)

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Byte Byte
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Transfer from
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0 J I M M I J 0 M I J J I M 0
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Magnetic disk

Tape Optical disk

  
  
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Intersector gap
Dire
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ect E
1s C Preamb
le of
d
ta bits C
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6 da
409 rot
40 ati
96 on
Read/write da
ta
bit
ble head s
am Direction
re E
P of arm C
C
motion
Width of
1 bit is Disk
Track 0.1 to 0.2 microns arm
width is
5–10 microns
      

  

Read/write head (1 per surface)

Surface 7

Surface 6
Surface 5

Surface 4
Surface 3
Direction of arm motion
Surface 2
Surface 1

Surface 0
  
  

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Strip 0 Strip 1 Strip 2 Strip 3

(a) Strip 4 Strip 5 Strip 6 Strip 7 RAID level 0
Strip 8 Strip 9 Strip 10 Strip 11

Strip 0 Strip 1 Strip 2 Strip 3 Strip 0 Strip 1 Strip 2 Strip 3

RAID
(b) Strip 4 Strip 5 Strip 6 Strip 7 Strip 4 Strip 5 Strip 6 Strip 7 level 1
Strip 8 Strip 9 Strip 10 Strip 11 Strip 8 Strip 9 Strip 10 Strip 11

Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3 Bit 4 Bit 5 Bit 6 Bit 7

(c) RAID level 2

Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3 Bit 4 Parity

(d) RAID level 3

Strip 0 Strip 1 Strip 2 Strip 3 P0-3

(e) Strip 4 Strip 5 Strip 6 Strip 7 P4-7 RAID level 4
Strip 8 Strip 9 Strip 10 Strip 11 P8-11

Strip 0 Strip 1 Strip 2 Strip 3 P0-3

Strip 4 Strip 5 Strip 6 P4-7 Strip 7

(f) Strip 8 Strip 9 P8-11 Strip 10 Strip 11 RAID level 5

Strip 12 P12-15 Strip 13 Strip 14 Strip 15
P16-19 Strip 16 Strip 17 Strip 18 Strip 19
    
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6
 
 
  
 
       

Spiral groove

Pit
Land

2K block of
user data
 
 
 
           

… Symbols of
14 bits each

42 Symbols make 1 frame

Frames of 588 bits,
… each containing
24 data bytes
Preamble 98 Frames make 1 sector
Mode 1
Data ECC sector
(2352 bytes)
Bytes 16 2048 288
    
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Printed label

Protective lacquer Dark spot in the

Reflective gold layer dye layer burned
Dye layer by laser when
1.2 mm writing

Polycarbonate Substrate

Direction
of motion Lens

Photodetector Prism

Infrared
laser
diode
 
 
     

      

SCSI controller
Sound card

Modem

Card cage
Edge connector
 
 

 
  

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6  -
 
 
 
       

      

Monitor
Floppy Hard
Keyboard disk drive disk drive

Floppy Hard
Video Keyboard
CPU Memory disk disk
controller controller
controller controller

Bus
 
  


Memory bus

CPU PCI Main

SCSI cache bridge memory
bus

SCSI SCSI SCSI Video Network

scanner disk controller controller controller

PCI bus

Sound Printer ISA

Modem
card controller bridge

ISA bus
   

 
  
      

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