inal Cord ie i The spinal cord is divided into four regions: cervical (neck), thoracic (chest), lumbar (lower back), and sacral (tailbone). wn: AREA LEVEL OF INJURY EFFECT Cervical Cl to Cs Paralysis of muscles used for breathing and of all arm anc, Jeg muscies; usually fatal. Cervical C5 to C6 Legs paralysed; slight ability to flex arms. Cervical C6 to C7 Paralysis of legs and part of wrists and hands; shoulder movement and elbow bending are relatively preserved. Cervical/Thoracic C8 to TL Legs and trunic paralysed; eyelids droop; loss of sweating on the forehead: arms relatively normal: hands paralysed. Thoracic T2 to T4 Legs and trunk paralysed; loss of feeling below the nipples. Thoracic TS to TS Legs and lower muni paralysed; loss af feeling below the rib cage. Thoracic T9 to TLL Legs paralysed: loss of feeling below the belly burton. Thoracic/Lumbar T12 to Ll Paralysis an loss of feeling below the groin. Lumbar L2toLs Different patterns of leg | weaimess and qumimess. Sacral SI to S2 Different patterns of leg weakness and oumbness. Sacral $3 ta S¥ Loss of bladder anc bowel comralAnswer these questions using the information on the front page. 1 w w If the neck breaks at the C4 level what will happen to tour ability to breath? What is the highest level a spinal cord can be severed and the individual can maintain the use of his/her arms? At what level does a person lose the ability to control goiug .. _- hathroom? What is the highest level a spinal cord can be severed and the individual can still walk? Ifa person broke their back at level C3 will they be able to feel someone e hugging them? Will a person who brake their back at level L3 be able to walk? What is the likely outcome if a person severed their spinal cord at level T1? What is the likely outcome is a person broke th yack at level T10?Nv w The Brain I surround the cerebrum and am responsible for complex thinking, reasoning and learns abz!: Iam the largest part of the human brain and the highest centre of nervous control I divide the brain into the left and right hemispheres I affect consciousness, temperature, and degree of pain I control the autonomic nervous system and internal organs. As well, I regulate water balance and control urine produst‘1n ~~ he kidne=- I control all other glands in the body and I help in regulatory functions lam responsible for balance, co-ordination of movement, and muscle tone. lam responsible for eye and ear reflexes I transmit messages from one side of the cerebellum to the other. I sort and relay incoming and out coming messages. | am alse responsitle for the impulses for br~thing and heartbeat. I control all voluntary movements and personality.12. Iam located at the top and back of the head. I am also involved with the senses By 13. Tam located at the back of the brain and ! am responsible for visua! Tecognition. 14. Tam located on the sides of the brain and I am responsible for memory. piers ios He Head-crss ection 6 Stull 14 Venera ‘show internal structure of 7 Right cerebral 2 Brain femaptere 1 Pte gana 8 Corpus callosum 2 Hypotnaamus 3 Widbran 3 Sms 10 Cerebetum 4 Fromilicteotrign 1 Ste Gerebrathemisphere 42 Medulla oblongata 5 Scalp 13 Spinal cord