GATE -1995

Duration: Three Hours

EE : Electrical Engineering

Maximum Marks: 150

SECTION-A (lOOMARKS)

1. This question has 25 statements. Each statement is accompained by four answers of which only one is correct. Indicate the correct answer as A, 5, C, or D on the first page of the answer hook. Each statement carries ONE mark.

1.1. The impulse response of an initially relaxed linear system is e-21 U(I). To produce a response of t e21 U(tl, the input must be equal to

(a) 2 «' U(t) (e) e: 21 U(t)

1

(b) "2 e- 21 U(t)

(d) e-I U(t)

1.2. The closed-loop transfer function of a control system is given by

C (s) 2 (5 -1)

R (s) (5 + 2) (n 1)

For a unit step input the output is (a) - 3 e" 21 + 4 e-I - 1

(b) - 3 e: 21 - 4 e-I + I

(e) zero

(d) infinity

1.3. The Laplace transformation of fit} is Fts), Given

F(s) = ~,the final valueoff(t) is

s +w

(n) inftni ty (e) one

(b) zero

(d) none of these

1.4. A system is described by the state equation XX=AX+BU.

The output is given by Y = C X

where A = [~ =~) B = [~) C = [1,0].

Transfer function G(s) of the system is
8 1
(a) 82 +56 + 7 (b) 62 +55+7
(c) 6 (d)
sZ + 3s + 2 62 + 36 +2 1.5. The rrns value of the periodic waveform e(t), shown in figure

(a) #A (e) If A

(b) ~A (d) ,fi A

1.6.

A spherical conductor of radius 'e' with charge 'q'is placed concentrically inside an uncharged and unearthed spherical conducting shell of inner and outer radii '1 and '2 respectively. Taking potential to be zero at infinity, the potential at any point P within the shell (r1 < r < '2) will be

(n) _q_ (b) q

411 EO r 411&0 a

(e) --'1- (d) --q-

4 11 EO '2 4 11 &0 'I

1.7. A monochromatic plane electromagnetic wave travels in vacuum in the position x direction (r, y, z system of coordinates). The electric and magnetic fields can be expressed as

(11) E (x , II = Eo cos (/0: - wI) ~y

H (x , t) "" Ho cos (10: - wI) ~> (b) E (x , I) "" Eo cos (h - wi) ~ y

11 - H (x , t) '" Ho cos (kx - wt - "2) a.

(e) E (x .I) "" EeOOS (h -wi) Oy

H (x , I) = - He cos (lex - wt) a. (d) E (r , I) '" Eo cos (kx - wi) 01

n - H (x , t) = Ho cos (k:r - wi - 2") a.

GATE: 1995-2

1.8.

Supply to one tarrniuai of" delta-wy,· connected three-phase core type transformer which IS on no-load. fails. ASSlLming m agnerrc ci r c uu symmetry, voltages on the secondary SIde will be

(aJ 23(l,230, 115 (el 345, 115, 115

(il) 230, 115, 115 (d) 345, O. 345

1.9.

An induction motor is fed from J balanced three-phase su p ply at r a ted v ol ta ge and frequency through J bank 01 three single phase transformers connected in delta-delta. One urut of the bank develops fault and is removed. Then (n) single phasing will occu r and the machine

fails to start

(u) single phasing will not occur but the motor terminal voltages will become unbalanced and the machine can be loaded to the extent 0157.7% 01 its rating

(el the machine can be loaded to the extent of 57.7% of its rating with balanced supply

at its terminals

(d) the machine can be loaded to the extent of 66

2 d 1 ' 'I

'3% with balance supp y at its termina s,

A synchronous motor on load draws a current at a leading power factor angle <jl. If the internal power factor angle - which is the phase angle between the excitation e.m.i. and the current in the time phasor diagram is 0, then the air gap excitation m.ml lags the armature "Lin! by

1.10.

(aJ '¥

(b) E. ... ,~ 2

(c) .::_ '¥ 2

(d) 'f'+<!>

1.11.

A differentially compounded d.r. motor with interpoles and with brushes on the neutral axis is to be driven as a generator in the same direction with the same polarity 01 the terminal voltage. It will then

(a) be a cumulatively compounded generator but the interpole coil connections are to be reversed

(0) be a cumulatively compounded generator without reversing the interpoie coil connections

(e) be. a differentially compounded generator without reversing the interpole coil connections

(d) be a differentially compounded generator but the interpole coil connec lions are to be reversed

EE - ELECTRiCAl. ENGINI':ERING

1.12. The surge Impedance of a 400 km long Overhead transmission tine is 400 ohms, For a 200 krn length of' tile same line, the surge impedance will be

(a) 200 n (b) 800 n

(e') 400n

(d) ioo n

1.13. The insulation level of a 400 kV EHV overhead. transmission line is decided on the basis of

(n) lightning over voltage

(b) switching over voltage

(c) corona inception voltage

(d) radio and TV interference

1.14. In order to have a lower cost of electrical energy generation,

(II) the load factor and diversity lactor should be low

(u) the load factor should be low but diversity factor should be high

(r) the load factor should be high but diversity lac tor should be low

(d) Ihe load factor and diversity factor should be hig:"

1.15. The main criterion for selection of the size of a distribution for a radial distribu tion system is In) voltage drop

(ll) corona loss

(e) temperature rise (d) capital cost

1.16. The insulation resistance of a cable of length 10 kill is 1 MO. For a length of 100 km of the same cable, the insulation resistance will be

en) IMD

(b) 10 MO

(c) 0.1 MO

(d) 0.01 MO

1.17. A 3'" digit, 2 V full scale slope ADC has its integration time set to 300 rns, If the input to the AOC is (1 + 1 sin 314 t) V, then the ADC output will be

(a) 1.000

(/1) 1.999

(e) 1.414

(01) 1.500

1.18. Four ammeters Ml, M2, M3 and M4 wuh Ihe f 11

o oWlng spcci ications ate available.
Inslrumenl Type Filii sea I" VD lue (AJ
Accu ra cy ..... /0 of FS
Ml 3,., d igil d ua I slope 20
·0.10
M2 PMMC 10
+0.20
M3 Electrod ynamic 5
·0.50
M4 Moving iron 1
;.': \.00 A current of 1 A IS to be measured. To obtain rninimu rn error in the r~i1d ing, one should select meter

(II) Ml «") M3

(I'l M2 (d) M4

A Kelvin double bridge is best suited for the measurement of

(n) inductance (v) capacitance

(c) low resistance (d) high resistance

In an 8085 microprocessor, after the execution of XRA A instruction

(a) the carry nag is set

(b) the accumulator contains FFI-I (e) the zero nag is set

(d) the accumulator contents are shifted left by one bit

1.21. A certain oscilloscope with 4 cm by 4 em screen has its own sweep output red to its input. If the x and y sensitivities are same, the oscilloscope will display a

(aJ triangular wave (b) diagonal line

(c) sine wave (tI) circle

1.19.

1.20.

1.22. A single phase diode bridge rectifier supplies a highly inductive 10Jd. The load current can be assumed to be ripple free. The ac supply side current waveform will be

(al sinusoidal (b) constant d.:

(c) square (d) triJngul"r

1.23. A de to de transistor chopper supplied from a fixed voltage de source feeds" fixed resistive-inductive load and a free-wheeling diode. The chopper operates at 1 kHz and 50% duty cycle. Without changing the value of the average de current through the load, if it is desired to reduce the ripple cons tent of load current, the control aclion

needed will be

(a) increase the chopper frequency keeping its

duty cycle constant

(b) increase the chopper frequency and duty cycle

in equal ratio

(c) decrease only the chopper frequency (d) decrease only the duty cycle,

1.24. An inverter capable 01 supplying a balanced three-phase variable voltage variable frequency output is feed ing a three-phase induction motor rated (or 50 Hz and 440 V, The stator winding resistances of the motor are negligibly small, During starling. the current inrush can be avoided without sacrHicing the starung torque by suitably applying

(al low voltage at rated frequency

(0) low voltage keeping the VI! ratio constant {e} rated voltage at low frequency

(d) rated voltage at rated frequency

i.zs 11" inverse 01 the matrix 5 < l: -: : j is

l~ 0 ~1 (b, l~1 1 \j
(a) 0 -1
0
[' 2 -'] [Jl2 H2 -Jl']
(e) -~ 2 -2 «(I) -112 1/2 -1/2
2 2 L 0 0 1 2. This question consists of 25 statements with blanks. Fill in the blanks with the correct answer. Each statement carries ON E mark. (1 x 25 = 25)

2.1. Given the matrix A :: f ~ ~ ~ ].

l-6 -11 -6

lis eigen values are _

2.2. The steady state error due to a step input for type

1 system ;5, --

2.3. Closed loop stability implies that [1 + G(s) H(5)}

has only in the left naif of the

s-plane,

2.4. The convolution of the functions It (I) '" e-2t U(t}

and It (I) :: d U(t} is equal to

2.5. For the circuit shown in the Figure. the transfer fuction is equal

to' _

2.6. A series R-L-C circuit has the following parameter values , R lOn, L '" 0.01 H, C", 100 mf.

The Q factor 01 the circuit at resonance

;5' _

2.7. An induction motor runs stably under constant torque load at 1250 rpm off a 50 Hz supply. Its

number of poles is, _

2.S. The distribution factor for a 36 slot stator with three-phase, S-pole winding, having 1200 phase

spread, is _

2.9. When started by means of an auto transformer with 50% tapping, supply current at start 01 an

induction motor is reduced 10 of that

when started by means of a star-delta starter.

2.10. The percentage impedance of a lOO kVA, 11 kV / 400 V, delta/wye, 50 Hz transformer is 4.5%. For the circulation of half the full load current during short circuit test, with low voltage terminals shorted, the applied voItage"6fl the high voltage

side wili be _

2.11. The rated load of an underground cable is

always its natural load.

2.12. In load-flow analysis, a voltage-controlled bus is trea ted as a load bus in subsequent zero for

"- limit is violated.

2.13. The positive sequen.ce component of the voltage at the point of fault in a power system is zero for

a fault.

2.14.

If the inductance and capacitance of a power system network upto a circuit breaker location are J l-I a~d 0.01 ).IF respectively, the value of the shunt.'eslstor across the circuit breaker. required for cnhcal dampmg of the restriking voltage is

2.1S.

The distance relay with inherent directional

property is known as realy.

In the circuit of Fiigure, ammeter A2 reads

12 A and A3 reads 9 A. Al will

read, _

2.16.

2.17.

Two 100 V flit! scale PMMC type de voltmeters having figure of merits (FOM) of 10 kQ/V and 20 kQ/V are connected in series. The series combination can be used to measure a maximum

de voltage of _

Fringing in a capacitive type transducer can b minimised by providing a____ "

--~--.

The common mode voltage of a unity gain (voltage follower) op-amp buffer in terms of its

output voltage Vo is, _

For a J-K flip-flop its J input is tied to its own Q output and its K input is connected to its own Q output. If the flip-flop is red with a clock of frequency 1 MHz, its Q output frequency will

be _

2.18.

2.19.

2.20.

2.21.

An oscilloscope is operated in the X-Y mode. The figure 8 is displayed on the oscilloscope screen. If the frequency of the X-input is 1 k+lz,

the y-input frequency is _

A three-phase ac-to-de diode bridge rectifier is supplied from a three-phase, 440 V source. The rectifier supplies a purely resistive load. The aver~g~ de voltage across the load will

be V.

2.2.2.

2.23.

A single phase inverter with square wave output voltage will have inits output waveform a fifth

harmonic component equal to ~

percentage of the fundamental.

Consider the chopper circuit of Figure. TIle chopper operates at 400 Hz and 50% duly cycle. The load current remains almost ripple free at 10 A. Assuming the input voltage to be 200 V and the devices to be ideal, the turn-off time

available to the thyristor Th M is us,

Figure. shows two thyristors each rated 500 A (continuous) sharing a load current. Current through thyristor y is 120 A. The current through

thyristor r will be nearly A.

2.24.

2.25.

ThM

0.06

FD

E

3. Questions 3.1 to 3.5 each consists of FIVE items onthe reft hand side marked A, B. C, D and E and five or more items on the right hand side marked P, Q R, S, T and U. Pick the item on th" right hand side that properly matches with the left hand side and write as a matched pair. (For ego A - R; B - T). Each proper matching carries ONE mark. Not: There are only FIVE pairs for a set.

3.1. Root loca lions of the char ac teris tic equations of second order systems. A.

.- .......

I~

8.

c.

• s-_

r

D.

I.

... -

,"., .

E.

Unit step responses of second order systems P.

Q.

~tz--------------

R.

~tn--Am--

= t

s.

~r::=----,

T.

~b=- __ hh--- •

3.2. Motor characteristics

(n) Speed-torque char~ct,eristics of, induction

mac hind under motoring operation. ,

(b) Current torque characteristics 01 a de senes

motor fan

(c) Power tacror variation with voltage.O

induction motor under no-load operation,.

. . of indue Ion

(,i) Speed torque characlenshcs kin8

machine under de injection dynamic bra

ope ration . _ I de series

(~) Speed- torque characterIstics °

molar.

3.3. Type of Relay Most suited for
(tl) Buchholz relay (P) Feeder
(v) Translay relay (Q) Transformer
(e) Carrier current, (R) Radial distributed
phose compJrison
rolav
{d} Diff~ctiOJiar over (S) Generator
; "TJ:~t relav
(I'; ;\ !:.:- ...... _" L C" sequence (T) Ring main
;\ !(l.~. distributor
(U) Long overhead
transmission line
3.4. Type of bridge Application
(n) 1,vien bridge (P) Measurement of
resistance
(b) Maxwell bridge (Q) High Q inductors
(e) Scherring bridge (R) Measurement of
frequency
(d) Anderson bridge (5) High voltage
capacitors
(e) B1umleim bridge (T) Low Q inductors
(U) Insensitive to stray
electrostatic fields 3.5. Output wave forms

(e) 2~~ d d~

c r zr

(P) Single phase fully controlled ac-dc converter (Q) Voltage cornrntated dc-ac chopper (£ '" input de voltage)

(R) Phase voltage of a star connected balanced three phase load fed from a three-phase inverter with 1800 conduction. (inpt de voltage = E)

(S) Line voltage of a six stepped inverter with input de voltage E

(T) Three-phase diode bridge rectifier.

ANSWERS
1.1 (c} 1.2 (a) 1.3 (d) 1.4 (a) 1.5 (b) 1.6 (a) 1.7 (a) 1.8 (a) 1.9 (e) 1.10 (d)
1.11 (b) 1.12 (e) 1.13 (b) 1.14 (d) 1.15 (a) 1.16 (e) 1.17 (b) 1.18 (d) 1.19 (el 1.20 (e)
. 1.21(b) 1.22 (e) 1.23 fa) 1.24 (b) 1.25 (d)