Hong Kong Mathematics Olympiad (1990 91)

Heat Event (Individual)

40
Unless otherwise stated, all answers should be expressed in numerals in their simplest form.
Each correct answer will be awarded 1 mark.
Time allowed: 40 minutes
1.
Find the value of log3 14 log3 12 log3 486 log3 7 .
log3 14 log3 12 log3 486 log3 7
2.
A scientist found that the population of a bacteria culture doubled every hour. At 4:00 pm , he
found that the number of bacteria was 3.2 108 . If the number of bacteria in that culture at
noon on the same day was N 107 , find N.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.
8.

9.

10.

3.2 108 N 107 N

1
1
If x 8 , find the value of x3 3 .
x
x
1
1
x 8 x3 3
x
x
If the equations 2 x 3 y a 0 and bx 2 y 1 0 represent the same line, find the value
of 6(a b) .
2 x 3 y a 0 bx 2 y 1 0 6(a b)
A boy walks from home to school at a speed of 2 metres per second and runs back at x metres
2
per second. His average speed for the whole journey is 2 metres per second. Find x.
3
2 x
2
2 x
3
ax 2by

= 2a+ b passes through a fixed point P. Find the x-coordinate of P.

The straight line
5
3
ax 2by

2a b P P x
3
5
If the diameter of a sphere is increased by 20%, its volume will be increased by x %. Find x.
20 % x % x
If log 7 log5 log3 x 0 , find x.
log 7 log5 log3 x 0 x
7 8x
A
B
for all real numbers x where x 1 and x 2, find A + B.
If

(1 x)(2 x) 1 x 2 x
7 8x
A
B

x x 1 x 2 A + B

(1 x)(2 x) 1 x 2 x
The marked price of an article is p % above its cost price. At a sale, the shopkeeper sells the
article at 20% off the marked price. If he makes a profit of 20%, find p.
p %
20 % p

11.

If a < 0 and 22 a 4 65 2a 4 0 , find a.

a < 0 22 a 4 65 2a 4 0 a

12.

If one root of the equation ( x 2 11x 10) k ( x 2) 0 is zero, find the other root.
( x 2 11x 10) k ( x 2) 0

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P.1

HKMO 1991 Heat Event (Individual)

13.

[x] denotes the greatest integer less than or equal to x . For example, [6] 6, [8.9] 8, etc.
If 4 1 4 2 4 n = n + 2, find n.
[x] x [6] = 6[8.9] = 8

14.

1 2 n = n + 2 n
4

a, b are two different real numbers such that a 2 6a 8 and b 2 6b 8 . Find the value of
2

4
4
.
b
a
2

15.
16.

4
4
ab a 6a 8 b 6b 8
a
b
12
3 1 is divisible by an integer which is greater than 70 and smaller than 80. Find the integer.
312 1 70 80
It is known that

3
3
2
2 1 3 1 3 1 1
23 13 3 12 3 1 1
2

33 23 3 22 3 2 1

33 23 3 22 3 2 1

43 33 3 32 3 3 1

43 33 3 32 3 3 1

1013 1003 3 1002 3 100 1

Find the value of 12 22 32 1002 .

17.

18.

1013 1003 3 1002 3 100 1

12 22 32 1002
In figure 1, PQ PR 8 cm and QPR 120 . A, D are
P
the mid-points of PQ, PR respectively. If ABCD is a
A
D
rectangle of area x cm2 , find x.
PQ PR 8 cm QPR 120AD
PQPR ABCD x cm2 Q
B
C
x
(Figure 1)()
In figure 2, XA 10 cm, AB 2 cm, XD 8 cm and
DC x cm. Find the value of x.
XA 10 cmAB 2cmXD 8 cm
DC x cm x

B
A
X
D

(Figure 2)()

19.

20.

In figure 3, AB AC 6 cm and BC 9.6 cm. If the

diameter of the circumcircle of ABC is x cm, find x.
AB AC 6 cm BC 9.6 cm ABC
x cm x
(Figure 3)()
In figure 4, ABC 90 , AK BC and E, F are the
mid-points of AC, KB respectively. If AFE x , find x.
ABC 90 AK BC EF AC
KB AFE x x

(Figure 4)()

C
A

E
K
F
B

*** End of Paper ***

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P.2
HKMO 1991 Heat Event (Individual)

Hong Kong Mathematics Olympiad (1990 91)

Heat Event (Group)

20
Unless otherwise stated, all answers should be expressed in numerals in their simplest form.
Each correct answer will be awarded 1 mark.
Time allowed: 20 minutes
7890
1.
Find the unit digit of 1357 .
13577890

2.

3.

1 1 1
1
1
1
1
x

, find x.
2 6 12 20 30 42
2450 100
1 1 1
1
1
1
1
x

x
2 6 12 20 30 42
2450 100

If

a b
c
,
and
are three proper fractions in their simplest form, where a, b and c are positive
3 4
6
integers. If c is added to the numerator of each fraction, then the sum of the fractions formed
will be equal to 6. Find the value of a b c .
a b
c

a b c
3 4
6
c 6 a + b + c

4.

Study the Pascals triangle shown below:

Row 1
1
1
1
Row 2
1 1
1 1
2
Row 3
1 2 1
1 2 1
3
Row 4
1 3 3 1
1 3 3 1
4
Row 5 1 4 6 4 1
5 1 4 6 4 1
Row 6 1 5 10 10 5 1
6 1 5 10 10 5 1

Find the sum of all the numbers from Row 1

15

to Row 15.

5.

In the multiplication 5568, each of the above boxes represents

an integer from 1 to 9. If the integers for the nine boxes above are all different, find the
number represented by .

5568
1 9

6.

Find the remainder when 19971990 1991 is divided by 1996.

19971990 1991 1996

7.

Find the least positive integral value of n such that

n n 1

n n 1

1
.
80

1
n
80

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P.3

HKMO 1991 Heat Event (Group)

8.

One of the solutions of the equation 32a + 59b = 3259 in positive integers is given by
(x, y) (100, 1). It is known that there is exactly one more pair of positive integers (a, b)
(a 100 and b 1) such that 32a + 59b = 3259. Find a.
32a + 59b = 3259 (x, y) (100, 1)
(a, b) (a 100, b 1) 32a + 59b = 3259 a

9.

In figure 1, XY is a diameter of a cylindrical glass, 48 cm

X
Y
in base circumference. On the outside is an ant at A, 2 cm
below X and on the inside is a small drop of honey at H, 5 2 cm
5 cm
cm below Y. If the length of the shortest path for the ant to
A
reach the drop of honey is x cm, find x. (Neglect the
H
thickness of the glass.)
XY
48 cm A ( X 2 cm)
H ( Y 5 cm)
x cm x()
(Figure 1)()

10.

In figure 2, two chords AOB, COD cut at O. If the tangents

at A and C meet at X, the tangents at B and D meet at Y
and AXC = 130, AOD = 120, BYD = k, find k.
AOBCOD O A
C X B D
YAXC = 130AOD = 120BYD = k
k

C
O
A

(Figure 2)()

*** End of Paper ***

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P.4
HKMO 1991 Heat Event (Group)