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    25 Women Who Thought of it First
    25 Women Who Thought of it First
    25 Women Who Thought of it First
    Ebook90 pages39 minutes

    25 Women Who Thought of it First

    By Jill Sherman

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    About this ebook

    Discover 25 women who were trailblazers in science, technology, architecture, engineering, and more. Learn about some of the women who defied expectations and introduced the world to new ideas and creations big and small.
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherCapstone Young Readers
    Release dateMay 27, 2020
    ISBN9780756567453
    25 Women Who Thought of it First
    Author

    Jill Sherman

    Jill Sherman writes fiction and nonfiction books for young readers. She started out her career in publishing as an editor, but soon discovered that her real joy was in writing. She has written dozens of books for young people, including fiction works, as well as news and magazine articles for print and digital publications. She thoroughly enjoys researching new topics to provide young readers with the best information that they can use in their own studies. Jill lives and writes in Brooklyn, New York.

    Read more from Jill Sherman

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      Book preview

      25 Women Who Thought of it First - Jill Sherman

      TABLE OF CONTENTS

      Cover

      Title Page

      Introduction

      Chapter 1: Mothers of Invention

      Chapter 2: Women You Can Count On

      Chapter 3: Women Who Built It Their Way

      Chapter 4: Women in the Lab

      Chapter 5: Earth Enthusiasts

      Chapter 6: Our Bodies, Our Minds

      Timeline

      Glossary

      Critical Thinking Questions

      Further Reading

      Source Notes

      Select Bibliography

      About the Author

      Index

      Copyright

      Back Cover

      INTRODUCTION

      Technicians in a scientific or medical laboratory must have extensive knowledge of the lab equipment.

      When asked who the greatest scientists in history have been, most people would recall names like Isaac Newton, Charles Darwin, Thomas Edison, and Albert Einstein. Although both men and women are curious about the world around them, women have not always had the same opportunities to explore science. In the past, many women were denied an education. Those who pursued science were not given the opportunity to publish their findings. Other times, men claimed women’s findings as their own. For women of color, these obstacles are even greater.

      Despite these barriers, some of the greatest scientific minds of history have been women. In the last century, as barriers have fallen, women’s contributions to science have exploded. Grace Hopper, for example, is known for creating the first computer language. Because of Jane Cooke Wright, we have effective cancer treatments. Stephanie Kwolek’s invention of Kevlar has saved the lives of many police officers. Though women’s contributions to science have been overlooked in the past, today these intelligent and inquisitive women are celebrated for their many accomplishments.

      Women make up 50 percent of the population of the United States, but they make up just 24 percent of jobs in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) fields. In addition, they earn less than their male counterparts. Men in STEM jobs earn an average of $37.69 per hour compared to women’s average rate of $31.59 per hour.

      — Chapter 1 —

      MOTHERS OF INVENTION

      Women played a big role in creating many popular products and devices in use today. New inventions are designed to improve the way something is done. Here are just a few of the women whose inventions have improved the lives of millions of people every day.

      Stephanie Kwolek (1923–2014)

      Stephanie Kwolek with a molecular model

      When she was young, Stephanie Kwolek’s father inspired her with a love of science by taking her on nature walks. Her mother taught her to sew, instilling a love for fabric and sewing. These passions combined in Kwolek’s most famous invention, Kevlar.

      Kwolek attended Margaret Morrison Carnegie College in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Graduating in 1946 with a degree in chemistry, Kwolek planned to attend medical school after graduation, but she couldn’t afford it. Instead, Kwolek searched for a job in chemistry. She was hired for a research position at DuPont USA and began working with polymers. Polymers are large molecules made of smaller units. They are often used to make synthetic materials such as plastics. Kwolek enjoyed the work so much that she decided to stay on at DuPont rather than pursue medical school.

      In 1964 DuPont became interested in tires.

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