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    Naplex Complete Study Outline A Topic-Wise Approach Diabetes
    Naplex Complete Study Outline A Topic-Wise Approach Diabetes
    Naplex Complete Study Outline A Topic-Wise Approach Diabetes
    Ebook59 pages24 minutes

    Naplex Complete Study Outline A Topic-Wise Approach Diabetes

    By Johanna Kristin Ellerup

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    About this ebook

    A comprehensive outline approach to studying for the Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) program and NAPLEX.

    Each thoroughly researched and sourced topic contains medication pharmacokinetic/dynamic, pharmacogenetic, mechanism of action, CYP 450 interactions, treatment guidelines and more, on a disease/treatment basis right at your fingertips.

    For use in addition to lectures.

    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherJohanna Kristin Ellerup
    Release dateNov 13, 2019
    ISBN9780463959220
    Naplex Complete Study Outline A Topic-Wise Approach Diabetes
    Author

    Johanna Kristin Ellerup

    Johanna Kristin Ellerup is a Doctor of Pharmacy who lives in a quiet suburb in NY with her senior father and assorted and numerous beloved pets.

    Read more from Johanna Kristin Ellerup

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      Book preview

      Naplex Complete Study Outline A Topic-Wise Approach Diabetes - Johanna Kristin Ellerup

      Copyright

      Johanna Kristin Ellerup, PharmD

      Contributing Editor: Olga Kalugina, PharmD

      2019

      Johanna Kristin Ellerup PharmD

      All rights reserved.

      No part of this book may be reproduced, or stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, nor in any language without the express written permission of the author.

      Printed in the United States of America

      Table of Contents

      Diabetes

      Epidemiology and Generalized Information:

      Recommendations

      Patient Counseling points:

      Cover terms

      Clinical Pearls & Notes:

      Signs and symptoms of associated disease states:

      Pathophysiology:

      Treatment options:

      Lifestyle Interventions –

      DPP-4

      GLP-1

      Alpha-Glucosidase

      Meglitinides

      Sulfonylureas

      First Generation

      Second Generation

      Sodium Glucose Transporter Protein2 – Inhibitors

      Thiazolidinediones

      Biguanides

      Amylin Analog

      Insulin

      Anti-Hypoglycemic Agent/Glycogenolytic

      Clinical Guidelines:

      References:

      Diabetes

      Epidemiology and Generalized Information:

      Prevalence 1.25 million Americans. Incidence is 40,000 new diagnoses each year.

      2013 – 33-49% of patients not meeting general targets for glucose

      33-49% of patients not meeting general targets for glucose, BP or cholesterol & only 14% met goal while not smoking.

      2012-17 – cost of diabetes (w/adjustments for inflation) increased 26%

      Social determinants of health are economics, environment, political & social conditions in which people live.

      14% of Americans suffer from food insecurity & increased risk of T2DM, suboptimal glycemic control, psychosocial conditions and low treatment adherence 79.

      Recommendations

      A—Clear evidence from well-conducted, generalizable randomized controlled trials that are adequately powered

      B—Supportive evidence from well-conducted cohort studies

      C—Supportive evidence from poorly controlled or uncontrolled studies

      E—Expert consensus or clinical experience

      Patient Counseling points:

      Cover terms

      Fasting Blood Glucose (FPG) – Macrovascular disease – Metformin, Insulin. Fasting – greater than 6 hours between meals – 70-100 (up to 130)

      Post-Prandial Glucose (PPG) and A1C – Microvascular disease – GLP-1, DPP4, Insulin & SGTP. Peak postprandial – (peak – 1-2 Hrs after initiation of meal) = <=180mg/dl.

      Preprandial – Similar to trough – just prior to eating 70-130

      HbA1C – Normal non-diabetic patients 4-6%. Very strict control is <7. Some patients may require <8 to prevent hypoglycemia.

      Primary failure – Inability to achieve disease remission/optimal effect with evidence based drug treatment and doses.

      Secondary effect – After initial success, the agent loses effectiveness which may be neutralization by pathogen enzyme secretion, alternate pathway or irreversible over-saturation of receptors (down regulation).

      75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGGT) – With either fasting plasma glucose (FPG) or 2HR plasma glucose.

      The 2Hr plasma glucose

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