Nutrition-Sensitive Agriculture and Food Systems in Practice: Options for Intervention
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About this ebook
Developed through leveraging different expertise in FAO, it is a key resource to assist professionals involved in different areas - from breeding to production; from food transformation and packaging to transportation and trade; from marketing and value chain to food safety; from food labelling to consumer education - to understand the linkages with nutrition, and to increase their contribution for a world free from malnutrition in all its forms.
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
An intergovernmental organization, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) has 194 Member Nations, two associate members and one member organization, the European Union. Its employees come from various cultural backgrounds and are experts in the multiple fields of activity FAO engages in. FAO’s staff capacity allows it to support improved governance inter alia, generate, develop and adapt existing tools and guidelines and provide targeted governance support as a resource to country and regional level FAO offices. Headquartered in Rome, Italy, FAO is present in over 130 countries.Founded in 1945, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) leads international efforts to defeat hunger. Serving both developed and developing countries, FAO provides a neutral forum where all nations meet as equals to negotiate agreements and debate policy. The Organization publishes authoritative publications on agriculture, fisheries, forestry and nutrition.
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Nutrition-Sensitive Agriculture and Food Systems in Practice - Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
FOOD PRODUCTION
DIVERSIFICATION AND SUSTAINABLE INTENSIFICATION OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
WHAT?
Diversification approaches aim to increase availability and affordability of diverse foods. Sustainable intensification refers to strategies aimed at simultaneously improving productivity and environmental sustainability, which can be achieved through increasing species diversity in cropping systems or ecosystem-based strategies. Principles of sustainable intensification and diversification can be applied at different scales, from the national and regional level to the farming system to the backyard garden.
WHY?
The precondition for good nutrition is that a diversity of foods is available and affordable for all individuals at all times. However, the global food system is currently not meeting global requirements for the production of adequate amounts of nutritious foods necessary for healthy diets. At local level, excessive intensification (i.e. monoculture) risks simplifying diets and worsening nutrition in producer communities and threatens ecosystem resilience. Indeed, prevailing models of agriculture intensification do not ensure universal access to diverse diets and, in some cases, endanger the long-term sustainability of the agricultural resource base.
Diversification and sustainable intensification of food production have the potential to improve the availability, affordability, stability and consumption of diverse foods and to promote healthy, nutritional and sustainable diets for all, while simultaneously increasing climate resilience and enhancing the provision of ecosystem services. Diversification at farm level can offer a seasonal coping strategy in contexts where income streams and availability of nutritious foods vary within annual cropping cycles.
HOW?
•Diversification on a large scale (e.g. implemented at regional or national level and/ or involving commercially oriented producers) can help enhance availability of diverse foods in markets and reduce prices of nutritious foods.
•Integrated farming systems (e.g. agrosilvipastoral systems, legume-based cropping systems including crop rotation and intercropping, rice-wheat farming systems) favour both diversification and sustainable intensification of production.
•Other ecosystem-based strategies for simultaneously achieving agricultural productivity and enhancement of the natural capital include conservation agriculture, integrated pest management, integrated plant nutrient management, water management and use of crops and varieties that are well adapted to local