The Reality of Infinity and the Existence: The Creator and the Created Ones

Copyright 2008 Yilmaz Gökdeniz

Edited by Kâzim Beyret

Photograph by Ali Uzay Peker

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Contents

Foreword

Introduction

Unit One

Chapter 1

Unit Two

Chapter 1

Chapter 2

Chapter 3

Chapter 4

Sources

Appendix

The Absolute and real proof of the existence of God is positive science.

With his knowledge he created and comprehended everything.

This book is dedicated to humankind and humanity.

Over every lord of knowledge, there is one more knowing.

*A revelation

Do not claim science neither in order to praise and pride against scientists nor in order to argue with uneducated people nor in order to take place at the distinguished corners of assemblies.

** Mohammed the prophet

* The Koran (The Sura of Yusuf Joseph, the last sentence of Verse 76)

** I commemorate all prophets with respect, Greetings to them.

FOREWORD

THIS book may seem unusual since it covers cosmological and theological themes that are not within my profession. However, when a theme that has nothing to do with the profession makes one curious because of its mystery, that theme is often in the field of interest of men who are curious about, and in order to solve the secret, men will work hard to take advantage of all data obtained by researches and analyses with perseverance and self-devotion. Naturally, this situation is also related to the person’s conditions, which should be favorable.

Being a scientist requires one to uncover the existing secret on the universal events or to find out their resources and rules. Because of the feeling of joy existing in the nature of science, scientists are always happy and delighted due to their researches and analyses that need patience and exhausting prolong studies. As a result of their hard work, what they achieve is thought to bring analytical approaches and discoveries, and contribute to the feeling of pleasure and pride. Therefore, after prolong studies, this hard work will not end up with the feeling of boredom but optimism. This state is not only for scientists; it also applies to any kind of struggles. As has been mentioned before, the feeling of pleasure and happiness originates from the nature of science.

Men are never interested in the subjects that they are not curious about. Most frequently, very few men are interested in subjects like cosmology and theology. The others expect solutions of the subjects they are interested in from distinguished men such as scientists or theologians. The reason to this expectation is the unsuitable conditions they have. Even if the conditions are suitable, they will still be in different point of view and feelings.

Hence, as heretofore, today, the number of scientists, men of religion and politicians is very low. This continual scarcity shows that it is not derived from man but from superhuman power. The impossibility of being a scientist, a man of religion, a politician or a statesman does not only arise from man; it seems unavoidable to link it to the communal balance of the nature. In this state, it is natural that men do not have fault and crime.

In this book, this subject beside many subjects of wonder which have been believed to be true so far but not supported by scientific base and which are abstract metaphysics and meta-scientific expressions will be discussed.

I would like to draw attention to a saying that most of us would remember from the philosophy lectures, and believe in its accuracy. This is Descartes philosophy on man’s existence: I think, therefore I am. When we look at this saying, it seems it is within the limits of mind and reasoning. However, if we think about the content of this word deeply, we will see that it would not be the right evidence, which shows the existence of human being. In the content of the saying, the existence of human being is based on human’s thinking. Yet, a human dreams of himself or someone as a person who is able to think. In that case, the person who thinks in the dream would exist, too. Nevertheless, when awaken of the dream; none of the persons who have been thinking in the dream is seen to be real. Therefore, after death, our existence in the world will also not be real, and as in the dream, the fact that our existence is an image will come true. As a matter of fact, the explanations such as the universe is an image and infinity, accordingly the existence of God, is the single reality, and all those supported by science take place in this book.

In this book, subjects such as cosmology, infinity, existence, and profound issues related to the nature of the universe, the existence of God based on apprehension and science, providence (destiny) and explanations that are reasonable, rational, and comprehensible take place, too.

While astronomers and cosmologists are trying to remove the curtain of secrecy on the nature of the universe through real self-denial, they develop theories in order to find the real reason of existence. It can be said that the main cause of these studies is the mystery of the nature of the universe. This mystery pulls science into the depth of the universe so powerfully that the return never exists. Therefore, scientists who are engaged with cosmology never break their studies. The science that they work on is endless and heavenly. Infinity is non-dimensional and boundless.

Like cosmologists, scientists, not men of religion, have been meticulously trying to find out the data; "what the real knowledge based on divine revelation

Both groups of scientists who make intensive effort on putting the case clearly about cosmology and religious field unfortunately struggle in their own fields separate from one another unproductively. Yet, they should be conscious of reaching truths merely as a result of working harmoniously and co-operatively in both fields. For some reason or the other, this has continued up to now.

Hence, this book contains the result of a coordinated study aiming to bridge the gap between cosmology and theology fields. Therefore, in this book; thoughts that are more realistic and views related to the mind, and the religious reality based on divine knowledge with cosmological data obtained by scientists are mentioned.

Here, I celebrate all scientists who fearlessly labor with high self-denial and perseverance on the fields of cosmology and religion, and commemorate the people who contributed to the writing of this book and who are not alive now with respect and blessing, and thank those who are alive and carry on their studies. Besides, I thank my secretary for her patience and her effort in typing this book.

April 2007

Yilmaz Gökdeniz

INTRODUCTION

IT is observed that in the scientific explanations, comments and theories of scientists related to cosmology; they try to make their own views and thoughts accepted to the nature of the universe. This shows us that the hypothesis and theories brought forward up to the present are not based on scientific, realistic, rational, and comprehensible explanations as these hypothesis and theories have changed and are changing.

On the other hand, it is also seen that men of religion have always tried to make their own views and thoughts accepted to the nature of religion seen at every stage of history. This situation has become the reason of unknown natural structure of religion, changing description of God from one form into another, and religion being the source of false beliefs.

In this book, except the points acknowledged and believed in as truths as if they are real, what is/are fact(s) have been discussed both cosmologically and theologically.

•   As it is known, cosmology is accepted as the science of everything. Theology is seen as a different system that is apart from cosmology. For this reason, science and religion form the two different concepts, which are contrary to each other.

•   From this point of view, intellectual and rational logic can never be mentioned because this discrimination is not natural but arising from human being. Yet, knowledge is single and infinite. Due to the description of infinity, nothing could be discussed except knowledge and there is no concept out of science.

•   Theology or knowledge of religion is discussed only for religious beliefs and behaviors of human. As human beings take place in the ecologic system and accordingly they form the universal system, all the humanitarian beliefs and behaviors will be within the scope of cosmology. It is impossible to think of human apart from cosmos. Therefore, theology, which is the science of religion and belief, will also be in the scope of cosmology, which is the evidence that a different science of religion called theology will naturally not be accepted.

•   On the other hand, the existence of the universe or the cosmos solitarily will only be possible if only it has been created by the unlimited or infinite being, which has no beginning and no end. Because of the boundlessness of infinity, there is no exterior of infinity. This means that from the exterior of infinity into the interior of it and from the interior of infinity to the exterior of it; no being could access or exit. Therefore, in infinity, except for generating from naught, no formation will be possible.

•   Infinity is a real entity, the contrary of which can never be asserted. Nevertheless, scientists and others perceive infinity as a virtual concept, and use it as a measurement of the degree of greatness and diminutive-ness. That is why it is accepted and believed that the entities which have numeric qualifications will be infinite. Yet, neither numbers nor numerical entities will ever be infinite. It is a mistake to think of the endlessness of numbers. Numbers are not natural; they are not real, and they are virtual concepts; they stem from the way of thought and willpower of human being. They are increased and decreased by the willpower of human being. By no means, they will ever be boundless. They only compose higher numbers. Higher numbers form the high numbers principle statistically. According to this, all universal possibilities will be equalized. Thus, we can say that there is the rule of equality in the universe as the universe has been formed by physical entities with numeric quality.

•   The reality of infinity is a concept of cosmology. Therefore, we should accept infinity as a marsh and we should not hate it. On the contrary, we should define it and understand it. Due to the endlessness of infinity, while it is not possible to understand and to perceive it, it is possible to define and to understand it with the reality of infinity considering the principles of infinity. The principles of infinity, mainly the principle of boundlessness, of absolute completeness, of absolute knowledge, and of absolute creativeness, should be accepted as integrated principles, the numbers of which are infinite.

•   Owing to the definition of infinity and the fact that no other entity would exist outside infinity; infinity, which can never be created, is the unique and the ultimate reason for entities that have ever existed to continue their existence and to end their existence. Existence of entities can only be explained through absolute knowledge. Thus, the endlessness of knowledge forms the basis of the existence, continuation and termination of all entities and the reason which is not metaphysical. Scientists always wish to reach the result by experiments, searches, and analyses. That is why they are attributed as scientists.

•   All hypotheses and theories put forward by scientists overlooking the reality of infinity and principles related to infinity have meta-scientific features based on metaphysics. Because of this reason, this kind of hypotheses and theories are always fictional and far away to reflect the truths.

•   It is observed that the reality of infinity overlaps with the definition of existence of entities and accordingly the existence of the universe in religion. Indeed, in all of the religious books, the description of God is explained as an infinite entity by revelations such as God (Allah, the Lord) is perpetual and primordial. The principal evidences that indicate God is perpetual and primordial are clear and amid. Nevertheless, his existence is hidden and invisible. He created the earth, the heaven, and the place between both according to an apparent purpose and an apparent sura of the Koran. The final destination is to your Lord doubtlessly. He comprehended his creations in his knowledge and he is omniscient. It is seen that the explanation of the reality of infinity, which is cosmo-logic, and its creativeness based on absolute knowledge have the same expression in religion.

•   Because of absolute completeness and boundlessness of infinity, the humanitarian concepts, such as apprehension and consideration, do not take place in infinity. Rational exchanging processes based on rational reasoning have come to an end in infinity. The data based on enlightenment has now become absolute. This is also evident that divine predestination related to the principle of absolute and accurate creativeness is formed by itself, namely, divine destiny of all entities created or the entities that are going to be created have come into being with absolute accuracy. Because of the definition of infinity, in destinies of the created entities, the principle of equity itself will absolutely become true and divine justice emerges regardless for the created ones.

Unit One

INFINITY AND SCIENCE

Chapter 1

COSMOLOGICAL AND THEOLOGICAL CONCEPTS

COSMOLOGY is a universal branch of science. All entities that constitute the universe and universal events depend on cosmological evidences. Hence, we can call cosmology as the science of the universe. Nevertheless, cosmology will be discussed to a larger extent including infinity in this book as infinity is a cosmological concept. It is not possible to figure out cosmology thoroughly without first perceiving the reality of infinity.

When cosmology is treated using universal dimensions of it, it is observed to be unable to find out the cosmological evidences of all universal formation and events, and insufficient to clarify universal happenings. Having realistic data concerning the nature of the universe is only possible by knowing what the reality of infinity is. What is the reality of infinity? is the primary subject of this book.

When scientists encounter the reality of infinity, they accept it as a marsh, and they hate it. They also confess this frankly. For this very reason, infinity has been kept out of cosmologic field, and infinity has rarely drawn attention. Despite this, it is still known that some mathematician scientists have been working on finding the mathematical explanation of infinity. However, it is also said that those scientists have gone mad, and had treatment at asylums. The mathematical explanation of infinity has never been discovered up to the present and discovering it will not be possible. Since there will not be any room for mathematical rules, there will not be the dimension and the scale in infinity either.

As cosmology has been handled with a universal frame, in a narrow range by scientists, the nature of the universe and the profound issues of existence have been going on with all their mystery for a long time. Scientists have not been able to bring a realistic solution, and they have had to depend on theology by moving to either assumptions or meta-scientific field. Thus, cosmological views, hypothesis, and theories asserted by scientists have consequently remained as assumptions that have lost their being scientific by relying on metaphysics. It is understood from revelations and statements of scientists that cosmology is insufficient related to the existence and the nature of the universe. The brief views of some scientists are:

In the book named The Short History of Universe by Joseph Silk, he says; "In a manner of speaking, cosmology is the largest scaled and the largest scoped of sciences. It will not be wrong to describe cosmology as the science of everything as it includes everything we know.

The basic questions cosmology tries to answer are related to the history, the future, and the nature of the universe. The subject of creation (existence) is inevitable for a cosmologist. The most modern theory we accept is The Big Bang Theory, which explains the existence of the universe. According to this theory, the universe emerged out of a stage which was at infinite intensity. At least, if we brought today’s universe back to the past, we would find out such a particular situation. It is natural that as physicists hate infinity, the expression a condition with infinite intensity is not entirely acceptable to define the universe physically. A universe with infinite intensity is a singularity where laws of physics and even the space and time fail and lose their validity. The solution of the dilemma is the loss of the validity of the theory of mass pull before it turns into this extraordinary state. The existence of singularities is stipulated in the nature according to Einstein’s law of mass pull. The existence of bare singularities means bad news for physics. In the case of singularity, the past and the future fall into confusion and the concepts of causality, lying on the base of physics, loses its validity."

As it is seen, the theory of the Bing Bang, which is accepted and is alleged by scientists mostly, is not a cosmological evidence of the existence of the universe because the laws of physics in the explanation of a singular entity with infinite diminutiveness and infinite warmth based on the theory have collapsed and the theory has turned into meta-scientific appearance with a meta-physical structure by being taken out from the scope of cosmology.

Although cosmology is believed to be the science of everything, its insufficiency in the explanations of the existence of the universe or concepts such as God and creativeness has been expressed by Albert Einstein:

"I have never found a better term than religion to define the reliance to the rational nature of the reality and characteristic of being comprehensible by human mind. It would become a dull procedure where reliance does not exist.

There is no doubt that the religious intuition and similar belief for the rationality of the world or feelings of its comprehensibility is beyond all the studies searching the excellent order. …This immovable belief revealing itself in the experimentations world being knitted with intensive feelings represents my understanding of God."

The view and evaluation of A. Einstein have been accepted by most of the scientists and they made parallel statements to this view. The common point of these views is that cosmology is insufficient to explain everything. It is so insufficient that it is fairly restricted by being put into a narrow form. Therefore, the answers of the deep issues related to the existence and the nature of the universe have been searched in meta-scientific, namely, in unscientific field, and consequently it has been based on theology, namely, religion.

On the other hand, some of the scientists believing in the power of cosmology reject the theological (religious) concepts entirely. A well-known physicist, Paul Davis, says in the foreword of his book named God and the New Physics:

It can be seen strange but science, in my view, presents a shorter way to reach God. It is right or wrong science has really gone ahead to the point where the religious problems were solved in the past. He goes on in his book: "Religion, whose beliefs are based on wrong hypothesis, cannot hope to survive for a long time. ….in some conditions, the old religious thoughts cannot be disproved as much as they are passed beyond by contemporary science….scientists and theologians come closer to the deep problems of existence from completely different starting points. Science is based on experiences, which give an opportunity to set up theories related to accurate observation and different experiments. Science seeks the order discovering the basic laws that administrate the behaviors of elements and forces related to the nature.

However, religion is based on the revelations and the acquired knowledge. Religion, which is supposed to be containing unchanging accuracy, can be adjusted to dogma and changing thoughts. One who has absolute faith has to stand against with faith whatever the evidence is. What causes his being misunderstood is the inconvenience about the revealed reality. Most scientists are ironic about the revelations.

The problem is how to convert many types of incompatible religious life into religious worldview.

The cosmologic evidence has been set up on to a hypothesis where everything requires a reason. Eventually the assertion that God does not need to have any reason comes to an end thoroughly.

As for creation, if a reason had been caused, we would have to think that possibility of the answer would be yes. However, this thing cannot be God.

The second part of cosmologic evidence tries to prove that a cosmic creator has to be really God.

Being against needing God, I have to admit that I appreciate a comparatively reasonable universe which causes itself."

When looked at these explanations and the assertions, it is stated that except cosmology, the existence of another power has not been accepted, that a cosmic creator caused itself, that religion will decline and collapse against cosmology. However, no sayings are based on rational and comprehensible cosmologic evidences and they stay so-called completely. While the plausibility of a universe, which has caused itself to be, is being asserted, the cosmologic evidences of this assertion should also be put forward definitely. Thus, there is no probability of accepting these explanations scientifically. From the statements mentioned above the one, science presents the absolute way to reach God will contradict with the religious counterpart and is not correct, and this explanation is also available in celestial doctrines based on divine revelations, because religion is a cosmologic fact.

In the book Cosmos, Bios, Teos, co-authored by Henry Margenau (a professor of physics and philosophy of nature) and Roy Abraham Varghese, the views related to God, the existence of the universe, science and religion of more than fifty scientists were applied and the articles containing the views of these take place in this book. These themes, which contain the common views of scientists, are actually not within their field of interest, and can be summarized as follows:

"They accept the existence of God not scientifically but meta-scientifically or religiously;

The beginning of the universe came into being by the Big Bang 10-20 billion years ago; the existence of the beginning would not be explained scientifically; therefore religion had to be applied in order to reply the question of the existence of the beginning;

Religion and science are apart from each other and science drops behind religion."

In the book;

"The objective of the scientific researchers is not only to discover the events and phenomena in the world but also and the most importantly, to explain why these events and phenomena happen.

A research for finding out an explanation to the question of what is it? is not only to suppose that there is an explanation about the things to be searched but at the same time;

- The reality can be accepted and it is conceived by human and

- The reality is rational; at least it assumes that it is in harmony with a priory reasoning.

The importance of its being generally comprehensible and rational should be emphasized.

About the universe, there is no and there will not be any extensive and complete theory, which would prove its validity. The creator must prefer uncertainty.

Obviously, no scientific theory can completely and absolutely bridge the gap between the developed universe and the universes which have been developing.

The question of the primary origin is meta-scientific (unscientific) one. In other words, it is a question that science can ask but cannot answer. If we find an answer to the question, I believe that there must be a metaphysical or religious explanation.

Most of the cosmological or theological arguments are based on meta-scientific principles.

The entity that cannot explain its existence has no contribution to its beginning or birth. (namely, they are not responsible for their existence; they owe their beginnings to the others.)

The existence of any of the entities that form the universe comes up as a problem. There is only a causality of this existence; somebody or something has