Core Training Anatomy
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About this ebook
We all want flat stomachs. But what if the only six-pack in your life is one consisting of beer or soda, not rock-hard muscle? Or what if you're well on your way to fitness, but you just can't get rid of that gut? You don't have to do hundreds of sit-ups each day, and you don't have to give up all your favorite foods. If you devote yourself to the right exercises--and learn why they're the right exercises--you'll work your core muscles correctly and begin to build a fabulously fit body.
In Core Training Anatomy, health and fitness expert Dr. Abigail Ellsworth gives readers the tools they need to embark on a journey of flat-belly fitness and health, from basic movements to information on how to build a complete exercise plan. With step-by-step instructions and easy-to-follow illustrations of starting positions and movement paths, it's like having your very own personal trainer. You'll learn what to do and what not to do in order to get results and avoid injury.
Core Training Anatomy brings a new dimension to workouts, helping readers target this pesky problem area-and helping them stay on the path to health and fitness.
Abigail Ellsworth
Abigail Ellsworth has her doctorate of Physical Therapy from Slippery Rock University and is a Certified Pilates Specialist. She is the owner of the Pilates, Therapy and Wellness Center of Westchester where she blends her rehabilitation background with her Pilates knowledge to provide a Pilates based physical therapy approach.
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Core Training Anatomy - Abigail Ellsworth
NEUTRAL SPINE
What is neutral spine? Why take the time to explain and demonstrate it?
Neutral spine, also known as neutral posture, is one of the most important concepts you need to understand when commencing a core-training regimen. Neutral spine is crucial for ensuring that you properly target and strengthen the muscles of the core, and it also keeps you in a more efficient position for movement. Working in neutral posture is also a component of a holistic approach to movement and exercise in which the body is viewed as an integrated unit, rather than a group of isolated parts. Neutral spine is a key component of both functional exercise and effective core training.
To find your pelvic neutral, place your thumbs on your hip bones and your fingers over your pubic bone, creating a triangle. When you are lying down correctly, with spine neutral, all of the bones will line up on the same plane.
The muscles of the core are closely connected with the postural muscles and the concept of alignment. Neutral posture is the proper alignment of the body between postural extremes. In its natural alignment, the spine is not straight. It has curves in the cervical (neck), thoracic (upper), and lumbar (lower) regions. Neutral alignment helps to cushion the spine from too much stress and strain. Controlling pelvic tilt is one way to begin helping to balance the spine. As certain muscles of the back and abdomen contract, the pelvis rotates. As the pelvis rotates backward, the lumbar curve increases. As the pelvis rotates forward, the curve of the low back straightens.
Maintaining a neutral spine while you are lying on your back (supine position) is difficult. Pelvic neutral can be found by placing your thumbs on your hip bones and your fingers over the pubic bone (the bone between your legs), creating a triangle. All the bones should line up on the same plane—no tipping back or to one side should be present. The triangle should appear flat,
with all corners on the same plane. This position will prepare you for exercising when you are lying on your back. If you are exercising on your stomach (prone position), however, you can find the neutral spine by pressing your pubic bone into the ground until you feel your back flatten slightly or your stomach lightly lift off the floor. Tuck your chin so that your forehead has contact with the surface, and your neck is now ready for strengthening. This position not only protects your back and your neck as you exercise, but it also allows you to exercise more productively. Maintaining neutral posture will help decrease the risk of injury and increase the efficiency of movement or exercise.
When people have difficulty achieving or working in neutral posture, it is often an indication of muscular imbalance. Muscular or postural imbalances are a concern because they can lead to injury and chronic anatomical problems or limit performance. Working out of neutral alignment may inhibit the recruitment of certain muscles and make the movements more difficult.
FULL-BODY ANATOMY
FRONT
ANNOTATION KEY
* indicates deep muscles
BACK
ANNOTATION KEY
* indicates deep muscles
STRETCHES
As with any kind of exercise, before beginning a core training regimen, it is important to stretch and warm up your muscles. This preparation will help you avoid injury and optimize your results, guaranteeing an effective and safe workout.
Stretching is most effective after the muscles have heated up a bit, so performing a quick five-minute cardio workout, such as running, jumping rope, bicycling, or rowing, is an ideal way to prepare for these exercises. Then moving on to these warm-up stretches will target the muscles you will be using for your core stability and strengthening workouts.
NECK FLEXION
STRETCHES
Placing one hand on your head, slowly pull your chin toward your chest until you feel the stretch in the back of your neck.
Hold for fifteen seconds, and repeat three times.
DO IT RIGHT
LOOK FOR
• Your shoulder muscles to be relaxed.
AVOID
• Pulling too hard with your hand—this is a gentle stretch.
BEST FOR
• splenius
• trapezius
ANNOTATION KEY
Bold text indicates active muscles
Gray text indicates stabilizing muscles
* indicates deep muscles
NECK SIDE BEND
Gently grasp the side of your head with your hand.
Reach toward the small of your back with your other hand, bending at the elbow.
Tilt your head toward your raised elbow until you feel the stretch in the side of your neck. Hold for fifteen seconds, and repeat three times on each