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World Made by Hand
World Made by Hand
World Made by Hand
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World Made by Hand

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In this “richly imagined” dystopian vision, mankind must find a way to survive as modern civilization slowly comes apart (O, The Oprah Magazine).
 
When Earth ran dry of oil, the age of the automobile came to an end; electricity flickered out. With deprivation came desperation—and desperation drove humanity backward to a state of existence few could have imagined.
 
In the tiny hamlet of Union Grove, New York, every day is a struggle. For Mayor Robert Earle, it is a battle to keep the citizens united. As the bonds of civilization are torn apart by war, famine, and violence, there are some who aim to carve out a new society: one in which might makes right—a world of tyranny, subjugation, and death. A world Earle must fight against . . .
 
In his shocking nonfiction work, The Long Emergency, social commentator James Howard Kunstler explored the reality of what would happen if the engines stopped running. In World Made by Hand, he offers a stark glimpse of that future in a work of speculative fiction that stands as “an impassioned and invigorating tale whose ultimate message is one of hope, not despair” (San Francisco Chronicle).
 
“Brilliant.” —Alan Cheuse, Chicago Tribune
 
“It frightens without being ridiculously nightmarish, it cautions without being too judgmental, and it offers glimmers of hope we don’t have to read between the lines to comprehend.” —Baltimore City Paper
LanguageEnglish
Release dateJan 19, 2009
ISBN9781555848378
World Made by Hand
Author

James Howard Kunstler

James Howard Kunstler is the author of more than twenty books, both nonfiction and fiction, including The Geography of Nowhere, The Long Emergency, Too Much Magic, and the World Made By Hand series, set in a post-economic-collapse American future. Kunstler started his journalism career at the Boston Phoenix and was an editor and staff writer for Rolling Stone, before “dropping out” to write books. He’s published op-eds and articles in the New York Times, Wall Street Journal, Washington Post, The Atlantic, and The American Conservative. He was born and raised in New York City but has lived in upstate New York for many years.

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  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
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    Very good read, I wasn’t ready for it to end
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    This book changed how I view everything. An incredibly thought provoking story!!

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World Made by Hand - James Howard Kunstler

ONE

Loren and I walked the railroad tracks along the river coming back from fishing the big pool under the old iron bridge, and I couldn’t remember a lovelier evening before or after our world changed. Down by the rushing stream, banks of wild yellow irises shimmered in the twilight, and up in the vaulted corridor that the tracks cut through the trees, the mild June air was filled with twinkling green fireflies. We’d both been drinking some of Jane Ann’s wine.

It reminds me of Christmas at the mall, he said.

I don’t miss the mall, I said. I miss a lot of things, but not that.

Do you think I’m pathetic?

You’re obsessed with the old days.

Most of my life happened in the old days. Yours too, Robert.

It made me sad, but I didn’t say so because the evening was so beautiful and that was something to be grateful for. Now and then, the fireflies pulsed in unison, mysteriously, as if they all agreed on something we humans didn’t know about.

I wish I had a jar. I’d catch some, Loren said. The fact that he was our minister and fifty-two years old had not diminished his boyish enthusiasm, which was one reason we were such close friends. He pulled out the bottle again, and polished off the dregs. Jane Ann, Loren’s wife, made good wine, considering what we had to work with around here. She flavored this batch with sweet woodruff to round off the foxy roughness. When the bottle was empty Loren pretended to try to catch fireflies with it, but he was obviously just clowning around. Finally, he stuck the bottle in the back flap of his fishing vest to take home and reuse. We resumed walking the tracks.

I’ve been thinking lately, he said.

It’s not healthy to obsess about the past.

No, I’ve got an idea.

Oh? Let’s hear it.

We should start a laundry.

A laundry?

Yeah, a community laundry. A place where people bring their clothes and bedsheets and all, and they get washed there.

What about Mrs. Myles? I said. Lucy Myles was my neighbor. She took in quite a bit of other people’s washing.

She could work for us, Loren said.

Us?

Well, that’s why I’m telling you about this. We’d be partners.

I don’t know the first thing about running a laundry.

No, your job is to help me start it up. Fix the building. Figure out the water system. Get the tubs going. Keep things running. You know how to do all that stuff.

Where do you think you would do this?

We can use the old Wayland-Union Mill building. The title’s open, he said, meaning that the owners were known to be dead with no heirs and assigns, a common condition in these times. It would be useful for everybody. And we could make a little honest profit too.

What do you do with the dirty water?

Into the river, he said.

It’s got soap in it.

It’s just gray water. It’ll go downstream to the Hudson.

That’s not right.

It’s below where we fish. And mostly from town. It’s just soapy water.

That’s a hell of an attitude.

"Don’t get all environmental with me," he said.

I wouldn’t dump soapy water in the river.

It wouldn’t affect anything.

I wouldn’t be so sure.

You’re being an asshole.

Nice talk, Reverend.

I’ve been thinking about this for a long time.

Maybe you should think about it longer.

Condescending prick.

Vulgarian.

Nabob of negativism.

I let him have the last word. It was always better that way with Loren. He could keep it up forever. We walked a ways more, enjoying the silence and the fireflies.

Nabob of negativism? I said. Where’d you get that one?

Spiro T. Agnew.

Who was he?

Vice president under Nixon.

Oh? I don’t remember Nixon too well.

Agnew used to call news reporters ‘nattering nabobs of negativism.’

He wouldn’t be able to say that nowadays, would he?

No, he’d have to call them nabobs of nothingness, Loren said and laughed at his own joke. I guess I didn’t think it was that funny, since we didn’t have news reporters anymore and you barely knew what was going on five miles away. Hey, look, he said. Give this laundry idea a chance. It would be good for the community. Try not to be negative.

I’m not negative.

Contrary then.

I’m not contrary.

You should hear yourself.

Eventually the train tracks crossed over Lovell Road, and we got off them there while the road took us across the river on a steel and concrete bridge that was falling to pieces now. It had been years since the state of New York repaired any of these things. There were big holes in the deck you could see clear through. Another couple of spring floods and it might be swept away altogether. On the far bank stood an old hydroelectric station, or the brick shell of one. An inscription in the masonry lintel over the door said it was built in 1919. The big power company, Niagara Mohawk, closed down all these little generating plants in the 1960s because they were supposedly inefficient. Nothing was left but the walls and part of the roof. The turbines and metal parts had long since been sold for scrap and every other useful thing was scavenged out. We couldn’t replace them anymore. It was too bad because it might have lit up our whole town. Anyway, the little dam there had been breeched, and rebuilding that would have been more than our community could manage. I don’t know if anybody would even have known how to do it. It was chilling to reflect on how well the world used to work and how much we’d lost.

We stopped halfway across the bridge in the lovely pink light that remained of the long June day and peered down to the water. Scores of big trout finned in the current beside the crumbling bridge abutment. A nice hatch of cream-colored mayflies fluttered off the water and mingled with the fireflies. The swift little mud swallows that nested under the bridge did an aerial ballet through it, gorging themselves. Plenty of mayflies would still get away for their one ecstatic night of reproducing in the treetops. They would return to the river to die the next morning. It was called the spinner fall. They’d been doing it for millions of years before we showed up.

Want to go down and try some? I said.

My creel is full, Loren said.

We could put back what we catch.

I’ve fished enough tonight, Robert.

Okay, let’s go home.

It was about a three-mile walk home to Union Grove. In the old days, you’d drive it, of course, but now you walked. I didn’t mind. I enjoyed the peacefulness and easy pace of the walk. In a car, I remembered, you generally noticed only what was in your head or on the radio, while the landscape itself seemed dead, or at least irrelevant. Walking, it was impossible to not pay attention. On a mild luminous evening like this, the landscape came alive. The crickets had started up. In the distance a last glimmer of sun caught the top of Pumpkin Hill where men were still out mowing the first hay crop on the Deaver farm. You could hear their horses from down where we were, and someone was singing while he worked. Washington County is a terrain of gentle hills and close valleys that grows more rugged as you get east over toward the Vermont border, where the Green Mountains begin in earnest. In the early twenty-first century, farming had all but died out here. We got our food from the supermarket, and not everybody cared where the supermarket got it as long as it was there on the shelves. A few elderly dairymen hung on. Many let their fields and pastures go to scrub. Some sold out to what used to be called developers, and they’d put in five or ten poorly built houses. Now, in the new times, there were far fewer people, and many of the houses outside town were being taken down for their materials. Farming was back. That was the only way we got food. Ben Deaver employed at least twenty men from town on his farm. You could smell the horses down where we were on the bridge. Sometimes the whole world smelled of horse. It was my fond wish to own one some day.

Across the bridge, Lovell Road came to a T at old Route 29, which used to be the main route between the Hudson Valley and Arlington, Vermont. It was a standard state two-laner. We headed west toward town on it. When the sun finally went down, the sky above the hills remained pale blue, the cloud bottoms all salmon and orange. We walked right down the middle of the highway, over the faint ghost of the double yellow line. After years of neglect the pavement was broken with great fissures and potholes the size of a bathtub. In some stretches, it had gone back to dirt. Loren and I were both lost in our own thoughts when we heard horses at a distance coming up behind us. We turned together.

It was an open cart with two wooden-spoked, iron-rimmed wheels, not the old automobile tires that you used to see on a common utility wagon. You could still find rubber tires here and there, but you couldn’t get patch kits or the kinds of adhesives that would stand up to a repair job anymore, so we had no choice but to go back to wooden wheels with iron rims. This sort of vehicle was sometimes referred to as a Foley rig. I couldn’t tell you who Foley was, but that’s what it was called. There were stories, as about so many things in these new times, where the actual facts were sparse or elusive, but they named the rig after him. There were two figures aboard, a man driving and a woman beside him.

The rig came trotting out of the twilight, bouncing on the rough road, until it reached us and the driver slowed his team to a walk. They were fine, tall, stout matched blacks with some feathering on their lower legs, a mix of some kind. Since the world changed, there had not been much time to breed horses, so around here anything distinct from the American quarter horse or a common draft animal tended to stand out. These looked like they had some Percheron or other cold blood in them and their size, at least sixteen hands, was another sign. The driver brought them to a halt beside Loren and me.

He was a stranger, a clean-shaven, middle-aged man, with a nose too small for his face. It made him look oddly boyish. Among men in Union Grove, beards were the norm so any clean-shaven man was apt to look young. He took off his broad-brimmed straw hat so as to show off, or so it seemed, his full head of black hair with a few strands of gray at the temples. His skin had a pinkish cast, as though he spent a lot of time indoors.

Brother Jobe, he said, reaching down from his seat to press our flesh like a politician. We would learn later that he spelled it this way, with an e on the end.

Loren Holder’s the name.

How’d you do? Brother Jobe said.

Fine, Loren said. Beautiful evening.

No, I meant how did you make out fishing?

Oh, pretty good, Loren said.

I hear the river’s better’n it ever was before, Brother Jobe said.

It’s quite good, Loren said. Less angling pressure nowadays.

I haven’t had the time to try it myself. Busy tending to my flock.

I couldn’t help glancing at the young woman beside him. She had been sitting very still, like a startled doe, as if stillness might enable her to remain unscrutinized. Both she and Brother Jobe were dressed in the severe clothing of the pious. He had on a black sack suit, a cotton shirt with collar points, and a floppy black bow tie. She wore a straw hat secured under her chin with a black ribbon. She’d gathered her thick red hair into a single braid. Her skin was so pale as to appear luminous in the low light. The longer I looked the more I noticed that she had a good figure within her plain muslin blouse. Though it was buttoned to her throat, you could see the shadows of her flesh within. Her delicate face suggested she was not much more than sixteen. Few young women were left in our town. The Mexican flu had been especially vicious among the young, though death by other means had not spared any age group.

Say, aren’t you the chief over at First Congregational? Brother Jobe asked Loren.

I’m the minister there, yes. Loren said. How’d you know?

I’ve got an outfit of my own, Brother Jobe said, as if that answered the question.

Oh? Loren said. Whereabouts?

Why, right here in Union Grove.

Loren cut a puzzled glance my way.

Bought the old high school day before yesterday, this Brother Jobe said.

With the recurrent sickness and the problems with electricity and everything else, the sprawling, low-slung high school complex at the north edge of town had fallen into disuse. Once, it had collected pupils spread out over half the county in a fleet of shiny yellow buses. The small number of children in our community went to the church school now.

That’s a surprise, Loren said.

We’ve been on a hard and prayerful search, Brother Jobe said. This place looked about perfect.

How many of you are there?

Seventy-three adults.

Where’d you come from.

We were last in Pennsylvania.

Why did you leave? I said.

Brother Jobe regarded me closely for a moment, as though my question were impertinent.

We weren’t comfortable there, he said. Who are you?

Name’s Robert Earle.

Robert Earle what?

Just Earle. That’s the family name.

Oh? Down where we’re from that’d be a man’s given name.

Like Billy Bob.

Exactly.

I take it you hail from Dixie, Loren said.

Indeed I do, Brother Jobe said, running a sleeve across his damp brow. It must have been uncomfortable for him in a suit on a warm summer night like it was.

A troubled place these days, isn’t it? Loren said.

There’s plenty of mischief to go around this poor country of ours. What’s left of it.

We don’t get much news of the outside anymore, Loren said. The electric’s hardly on these days.

We’ve noticed, Brother Jobe said. But you’ve got something here maybe even more valuable.

Yeah? Loren said. What’s that?

Peace and tranquillity.

The last real news we had was when the bomb went off in Los Angeles.

California got dealt a bad hand, all right, Brother Jobe said, but things are rough from sea to shining sea. It’s no fun in Phoenix or Albuquerque either, so I’ve heard. From Texas clear to Florida, there’s folks shooting each other and trouble between the races and all like that. Seems like the law is on the run everywhere. We were on our way up out of Virginia when the other bomb hit Washington, D.C. Pennsylvania wasn’t no picnic after that, I can tell you. We tried it for more than two years, but it wasn’t any go for us there. We pulled out the end of April.

I’d like to hear what you’ve observed on your travels sometime, Loren said.

Hardship. Not a whole lot of brotherhood.

This is a friendly place, I said. But it would have been nice if the powers that be had consulted us about selling the school. We weren’t informed.

It’s all signed and legal, I assure you.

It seems to have happened under cover of night, I said.

Are you up to the Lord’s business too? Brother Jobe asked me pointedly.

In a manner of speaking,

How’s that?

I’m a carpenter, I said.

Brother Jobe pointed at me and laughed, the way comedians used to do long ago on TV. The girl beside him cracked a trace of a smile too, but looked away self-consciously when she saw me notice. Eventually Brother Jobe’s strenuous hilarity ebbed.

Let’s have a look in those creels, boys. I’ve got to see those whoppers you bragged on.

Loren opened up his creel and held it up to show.

"Hooo-weee, Brother Jobe said. I’ll take ’em."

Excuse me? Loren said.

Five hundred bucks, American.

They’re not for sale.

Aw heck, okay, seven hundred fifty.

No, I—

You boys drive a hard bargain, Brother Jobe said and whipped out a fat roll of bills. Here’s a thousand. Lay them babies right down there under the dash by my boots.

Loren shot a look at me that attempted to convey a humorous appreciation for all this but really signaled his discomfort. He liked to make other people happy but not usually at his own expense. He had lined his creel with ferns to keep his four nice trout cushioned and moist, and he now laid them all down, including the ferns, like a kind of grocer’s display, at the driver’s feet up under the Foley’s curved mudguard.

Let’s see yours now, Brother Jobe said to me.

I didn’t get any.

He guffawed. Like fun you didn’t. Let’s have a look.

There’s nothing to show.

I thought you said it was good fishing down there tonight.

It was good for him, not so good for me.

He held up the bankroll again. Sure you won’t talk to the old persuader?

A dollar isn’t what it used to be.

That’s the God’s truth. But heck, I’ve got a flock to feed.

Sorry.

Brother Jobe made a kind of show of looking deflated for a moment, then pulled himself upright and puffed out his cheeks.

All right then. I hope you have better luck next time. We’ll be starting a regular service soon in that old school auditorium. Maybe you’ll come by sometime.

I’m in his outfit, I said, cocking my head at Loren.

We put on a hell of a show. Hymns and preaching. I got a 1930 Schwimmer pump organ. It’s like the old-timey times.

Smiling broadly, Brother Jobe raised his whip and sort of dusted both horses over the hindquarters. They snorted and began to walk. They were well trained. We watched them set off and a little way down he got them trotting. He never did introduce us to his companion.

TWO

We walked the next mile in silence. The brilliant salmon-colored sky turned to a yellow-gray clotted pudding as darkness came on. I wondered what the weather would be like. You never knew in advance anymore. A warm breeze had come up, and I surmised it would be hotter tomorrow.

What are you going to spend all that money on? I said finally.

It’s not like I wanted to sell them, Loren said.

Then why did you?

You saw how he was. Might as well have been a holdup.

Well it looks like you’ve suddenly got some competition in town.

The church isn’t a business.

I don’t know about that. Sometimes it seems like the only business left.

That’s why you should take my idea seriously, Loren said.

Okay, I’ll think about it.

I want you to go look through the building with me.

All right.

It’d benefit everybody.

We hiked past the raggedy commercial strip that used to mark the eastern built-up fringe of town, but the town had shrunk back into itself. The strip mall stores were vacant. Spiky mulleins and sumacs erupted through the broken pavement of the parking lot. The plate glass was gone and the aluminum sashes, and everything else worth scavenging was stripped out. A fragment of the plastic Kmart sign remained bolted to the façade—the piece that said—art. The irony did not move me. I wasn’t sorry that it was out of business, but I was sorry that the remnants were still there.

Did you notice the girl? Loren said.

Of course I did.

Kind of young, didn’t you think?

Maybe she was his daughter.

Didn’t look a bit like him, Loren said. How can they come in here and buy the school and we don’t even know about it?

It wouldn’t be the first time Dale made a deal on his own. Dale Murray was our mayor. The apparatus of our government had fallen way off, along with the population. It was Dale and a drunken constable for the most part, and a magistrate who said he wouldn’t do the job if elected—before he was elected. Sometimes things just happened and then you heard about it. Mostly nothing happened. The school was just sitting there, rotting, I said.

It must be worth something, Loren said. I don’t like giving up on the idea that we might need it again in the future.

It’s your nostalgia working overtime.

Well, it bothers me. And more to the point, I’m not sure I like that fellow, Loren said. Why did they have to pick this town?

People are on the move again. We should expect it. Maybe some of them will break off from his bunch and come our way.

I doubt it. Those sectarians are tight as ticks.

We’ll see. It’s still a free country, isn’t it?

I don’t know what kind of country it is anymore, Loren said, and neither do you.

We hiked past the burned-out hulk of the old wholesale beverage center.

Do you want any of these trout to take home? I finally said, offering my creel to Loren.

You don’t have to.

I’m just going to put them in the smoker. Go ahead. Take two.

Okay. Thank you.

Tell Jane Ann I appreciated the wine.

By now, we’d entered the town proper. The streetlamps were off, as usual. Many of the houses we passed were dark. I would venture that the population here was down by three-quarters. The safety net for the elderly had dissolved, with so much else, and since a disproportionate number of houses in town had been owned by older folks who had died off, many were now vacant. It was nice to see the Copeland kids running around playing in the yard beside their big old place, with candles burning inside, welcoming and homey. Jerry Copeland was our doctor. He was a GP but he had to do it all, becoming an excellent surgeon by necessity. The hospital in Glens Falls had closed after the flu killed more than half the staff. Jerry had trouble getting medicines and supplies, but he was also resourceful. His wife, Jeanette, was an able assistant and a dazzling soprano. Their boys were polite and well behaved. Being so few in numbers, children no longer enjoyed solidarity in rebellion, and our society was too fragile to indulge much symbolic misbehavior. The flu had carried off Jerry’s youngest, a girl named Fawn. There was nothing even he could do.

We eventually came to Loren’s parish house next to the big white wooden church on Salem Street. The church was in excellent condition because those of us who remained did not have diversions like television or recreational shopping anymore, and the church had become our get-together place in a way churches had ceased to be for generations. So we took care of it. We worked on it and we kept it painted, though of course paint wasn’t what it used to be either. We made it ourselves out of slaked lime, milk, and chalk.

I gave Loren two nice trout of my five and we said goodnight.

My house was a block and a half past where Linden Street met Salem Street. On nights like this the surface normality of smalltown America overwhelmed you with sadness. Here and there a candle glowed in a window, but people worked hard and were likely to turn in when the sun went down, so it was difficult to tell occupied houses from vacant ones. My own house was haunted by the ghosts of my family: wife Sandy, gone from an outbreak of encephalitis, daughter Genna, taken by the flu, and son Daniel, who left home and did not return. The sight of the place plunged me into memory and feeling no matter how many times I came upon it.

Just as things were starting to fall apart, Sandy had painted the house a gray-violet with sage green trim. She was a stickler for quality materials, and the paint had stood up well in the years since. The house was built in 1904 in the arts-and-crafts style, which was a romantic reaction to the juggernaut of industry, and perhaps because of that it worked well under these new conditions of austerity. The front porch was deep and graceful, though I had lately been using it as a woodshop in the warm part of the year. Inside it was generous for a bungalow, with four bedrooms in all, and it had many fine touches, including oak wainscoting, a cozy inglenook beside the fieldstone fireplace, built-in bookshelves everywhere, and graceful windows with arched sashes that still slid beautifully and closed snugly after more than a hundred years.

I lost Sandy and eleven-year-old Genna in two successive years. Daniel was thirteen when his sister passed away and nineteen when he set out from here, which was two years ago, and I wished I knew whether he was alive and well, and where he had gone and been to, but there were no more phones or mail as we once knew them. I tried to avoid nostalgia because it could destroy you. I was alone now.

THREE

I don’t think the electricity had been on for half an hour all that month. When it did come on it was always at some time you least expected it, before you could do something useful with it, like run a board through a planer. It cut out as mysteriously as it came on, so you didn’t dare start any job of work involving machines. When the electricity was on, you didn’t get much over the radio. We apparently had a president now named Harvey Albright, but I would be damned if I knew how he got elected because they didn’t hold it here. This was well after the short, unhappy reign of General Fellowes, who removed President Sharpe from office on account of the fiasco in the Holy Land and might have been instrumental in his death. Fellowes himself was taken down by the more constitutionally minded generals, and Vice President Beebe was installed to finish Ted Sharpe’s term, with the army looking over his shoulder. The various shifting factions worked hard at managing the news even as the TV, newspapers, and Internet were failing in one way or another from irregular electric service.

The bomb in Washington put an end to that revolving cast of political characters. We heard rumors that a federal government had been reorganized in Nashville and then Chicago under Speaker of the House Rhodes, who was out of town when Washington was bombed. By that time we weren’t getting any oil from the Middle East or Venezuela, and even the mail stopped. The last election evidently happened around the time of the flu, when every community was shuttered up in desperate quarantine, at least here in the upper Hudson River Valley. It seemed to me that the federal government was little more than a figment of the collective memory. Everything was local now. We liked to think the worst disorders were behind us, that we came out on the other side of something. But the truth was we didn’t know what the truth was anymore.

I had put some raspberry canes in the side yard three years ago, and they had filled in nicely. I noticed drupes were forming on the canes but were still green and hard. In a week or so I would have all the raspberries I could eat. I could also trade them for bacon. I was lighting a stub of candle on the kitchen counter when I heard a sigh and wheeled around to see Jane Ann’s face emerge out of the warm light as the wick took flame.

It’s only me, she said.

You scared me.

Sorry.

It’s not your night.

I know.

Loren’s back too, of course.

He can find his way around the house okay without me.

He’ll worry.

I brought you a brown bread, she said. Jane Ann was resourceful in the kitchen.

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