Historic Photos of Louisiana
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About this ebook
For nearly 300 years, from its founding in the early 1700s to the present, Louisiana has been one of the most fascinating and culturally diverse geographical areas on the North American continent. To many people, the name calls to mind images of sleepy bayous with moss-draped cypresses and the hot sounds of New Orleans–style jazz, but there is much more to “the Bayou State” than what exists in the popular perception.
Louisiana holds a dimension seldom portrayed in the thousands of movies and television shows shot in the state. Across the state there exists a culture of hardworking people tilling the land, pulling fish and shrimp from the sea, staffing factories, and selling the fruits of their labors in the open marketplace.
Louisiana is also a place where the joie de vivre—the “joy of life”—is celebrated like nowhere else. Both sides of this captivating locale, the work and the play, the struggles and the pleasures, are seen in the diverse photographs showcased in this volume. Filled with nearly 200 images reproduced in vivid black-and-white, Historic Photos of Louisiana is an entrancing look at this unique state.
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Historic Photos of Louisiana - Dean M. Shapiro
Turner Publishing Company
200 4th Avenue North • Suite 950
Nashville, Tennessee 37219
(615) 255-2665
www.turnerpublishing.com
Historic Photos of Louisiana
Copyright © 2010 Turner Publishing Company
All rights reserved.
This book or any part thereof may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
Library of Congress Control Number: 2009933008
9781618584045
Printed in the United States of America
10 11 12 13 14 15 16—0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Table of Contents
Title Page
Copyright Page
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
PREFACE
RECONSTRUCTION AND RETURN TO NORMALITY - (1865–1899)
BOOMS AND CALAMITIES - (1900–1919)
THE ROARING TWENTIES AND A GREAT DEPRESSION - (1920–1935)
HARD TIMES, WAR, AND RETURN TO PROSPERITY - (1936–1949)
GROWING PAINS AT MIDCENTURY - (1950–1969)
NOTES ON THE PHOTOGRAPHS
e9781618584045_i0004.jpgSt. Paul’s Episcopal Church on Camp Street, New Orleans, is seen in this photograph taken between 1890 and 1901. At left is the white marble statue honoring Margaret Haughery, who founded an orphanage, nursed yellow fever victims, and performed other philanthropic acts in the nineteenth century. When St. Paul’s was razed in the 1950s to make way for a new bridge over the Mississippi River, many of its furnishings were moved to the church’s new location.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The author would like to acknowledge the contributions of the following individuals for their valuable assistance in completing this book:
Michael McCalip of Turner Publishing Company for his work in preparing the project and selecting the photos to be included.
The United States Library of Congress and the Louisiana State Library for the images seen on these pages. Arthur Hardy, publisher of Arthur Hardy’s Mardi Gras Guide, for helping identify the Mardi Gras photos in this book. Greg Lambousy, Elizabeth Sherwood, and Sarah-Elizabeth Gundlach of the Louisiana State Museum for helping to identify several photos of old New Orleans.
My daughter Heather, who helped in the research, and my son Jonathan, for building me a new computer that enabled me to work much faster and more efficiently.
e9781618584045_i0005.jpgWith the exception of touching up imperfections that have accrued with the passage of time and cropping where necessary, no changes have been made. The focus and clarity of many images is limited by the technology and the ability of the photographer at the time they were taken.
PREFACE
For the past 300 years—from its earliest remote settlements to the present time—Louisiana has been one of the most fascinating and culturally diverse locales on the North American continent. And one of the least-known-about until relatively recent years. With sizable sections of the state largely inaccessible until well into the twentieth century, much of Louisiana grew up in an isolation that allowed it to nurture an indigenous culture unlike anywhere else in the United States.
However, the state’s strategic location at the southern end of the most important waterway on the continent virtually guaranteed that it would grow and develop into a crossroads of cultures and a center of commerce. From the roots of the tiny, precariously situated outpost near the mouth of the Mississippi River named La Nouvelle Orléans by its French founders, a great city would emerge and become a bone of contention between three European powers and a newly developing American nation. And with the waves of various nationalities that swept in from Europe, Africa, the West Indies, and elsewhere in the New World, a veritable gumbo of cultures would give New Orleans and Louisiana a unique, multidimensional flavor.
Natchitoches, founded in 1714, gave France a foothold in the northwestern quadrant of its recently claimed territory, while New Orleans, founded four years later, gave the French an anchor in the southern region from which to move goods and people to and from the mother country. French-speaking Acadian exiles (nicknamed Cajuns) from the British-conquered eastern provinces of Canada found their way to the remote bayous of southern Louisiana in the mid to late eighteenth century. They settled into lives of fishing, trapping, and light farming where conditions permitted. Other nationalities followed closely behind them. Among them were the Spanish who took control of the territory in the 1760s, Germans who tilled the rich alluvial soil along the lower reaches of the river, and free people of color who made their way from the Caribbean into the port of New Orleans and pursued vocations available to them at the time. Intermarriage between these groups and those of French descent resulted in a distinct Creole class that, for many years, dominated a large segment of New Orleans society.
By the time Louisiana passed into American hands, thanks to the Louisiana Purchase (which was signed in New Orleans in 1803), the stage was already set for the varied crosscurrents of culture to begin interacting and creating a new dynamic that stood out in contrast with the rest of a largely homogeneous nation. A multiplicity of languages, customs, cuisines, forms of entertainment, and artistic and architectural styles merged into a whole whose parts were distinct from one another yet were inextricably interrelated.
Religion played a leading role in the growth, development, and melding of Louisiana, both before statehood in 1812 and afterward. Catholic church jurisdictional divisions known as parishes
later came to define the boundaries of geographical entities termed counties
nearly everywhere else in the United States. Churches were the focal points of whole communities, spiritually as well as socially. Large-scale festivals like Mardi Gras in New Orleans and its surrounding areas have their roots in religious traditions. In the predominantly Baptist parishes of northern Louisiana, a strong work ethic helped that region to grow and prosper as well.
The twentieth century