Churchill’s England
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The man destined to lead Great Britain in her “finest hour” drew his first breath in historic Blenheim Palace. He was three years old when Queen Victoria assumed the title, “Empress of India,” the seeming apex of her people’s glory. Growing up, Winston hero-worshiped his ancestor, the first Duke of Marlborough, dreaming, as he played with his toy soldiers, that his forefather’s mantle of military greatness might fall on him.
Winston Churchill did become a soldier, serving in India and Africa, before his political career began with his election to the House of Commons. Ironically, he was dismissed as First Lord of the Admiralty during World War I, and finished his war service in the trenches in France.
In and out of political favor during the decades that followed, Churchill alternately devoted himself to government and to writing. But when, in 1940, German troops marched into the Lowlands, there was no question of who was in favor—only who might possibly save England. Becoming Prime Minister, Churchill, characteristically blunt, said: “I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears, and sweat.”
And English people, nightly retreating to subterranean depths to escape the Nazi bombers, gave their toil, their tears, their blood, inspired by a leader who, in the nation’s blackest times, could flash a grim V for Victory.
Speaking of the Royal Air Force, whose members beat back the Nazi Luftwaffe, Churchill told the British people: “Never was so much owed by so many to so few” a judgment the world now applies not only to those brave fliers but to all England and her wartime leader.
Adele Gutman Nathan
Adele Gutman Nathan (September 15, 1889 - July 24, 1986) was an American writer. Born in Baltimore, Maryland, she graduated from (Baltimore) Girls Latin High School and Goucher College (1910) and did graduate work at Johns Hopkins University (M.A.), Columbia University and the Peabody Institute. Her long-standing interest in theater began in college and continued to her death. She helped found the Vagabond Players (1916) in Baltimore, was involved in children’s theater with the Little Lyric Theatre (Baltimore) in the 1920s, directed at the Cellar Players of the Hudson Guild (1920s to 1940s) and the Cherry Lane Theatre (New York City), and headed the Federal Theatre Project in New Jersey (1937). She later directed short non-fiction subjects for Paramount and Grand National Pictures (mid-1930s) and was chief scriptwriter at the U.S. Department of Education (1941). She wrote for newspapers, corresponding from Europe in the mid-1920s about cultural affairs for the Baltimore Daily Gazette and writing in the 1950s for the Cripple Creek Gold Rush (Colorado). She was feature editor for St. Nicholas Magazine (1943-1944) and contributed to Vogue, the Atlantic Monthly, the New York Times Magazine, and the Encyclopedia Americana. She also wrote non-fiction children’s books, many of which were translated into other languages. Her greatest successes came as a writer and producer of historical pageants, staging commemorative events for cities, corporations, and groups, including the centenaries of the B&O Railroad (1927) and of International Harvester (1929), the 1933 and 1939 World’s Fairs, and the Hundredth Anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg and Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address (1963). In 1971, she wrote How to Plan and Conduct a Bicentennial Celebration for the American Bicentennial. She received the Freedom Foundation Award (1953), the Vagabond Players Citation (1971) and the Goucher College Alumnae Award.
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Churchill’s England - Adele Gutman Nathan
This edition is published by Arcole Publishing – www.pp-publishing.com
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Text originally published in 1963 under the same title.
© Arcole Publishing 2017, all rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted by any means, electrical, mechanical or otherwise without the written permission of the copyright holder.
Publisher’s Note
Although in most cases we have retained the Author’s original spelling and grammar to authentically reproduce the work of the Author and the original intent of such material, some additional notes and clarifications have been added for the modern reader’s benefit.
We have also made every effort to include all maps and illustrations of the original edition the limitations of formatting do not allow of including larger maps, we will upload as many of these maps as possible.
Churchill’s England
BY
ADELE GUTMAN NATHAN
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS 4
Foreword 5
Acknowledgment 7
I. Born in a Palace 8
II. Ireland 15
III. Latin and the Three R’s 23
IV. From Toy Soldiers to Sandhurst 29
V. Adventure in Cuba 34
VI. With the Army in India 36
VII. Up the Nile 45
VIII. South African Adventure 51
IX. Brash Backbencher 56
X. A New Party and A New Partner 61
XI. Danger Ahead 68
XII. World War I-First Lord 75
XIII. Between Two Wars 83
XIV. Prime Minister of England 95
XV. Happily Ever Afterwards
109
REQUEST FROM THE PUBLISHER 118
Foreword
His full name was Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill. But for years and years, even after he became Prime Minister of England, everybody spoke of him as Winston.
Almost all his life Winston was famous.
When he was just twenty-one, people on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean were reading Winston’s newspaper stories about his adventures in Cuba. The first of the many books he has written became a best seller before he was twenty-five. He was a handsome war hero and his photograph—in a campaign hat turned up on the side—was on the bureaus of teenagers before he was thirty. Cartoons of his political goings on appeared in Punch, the great English weekly magazine and were widely copied, before he was forty. The speeches he was making at the same time in the British House of Commons were used as models by college students in their debating societies. He was bitterly attacked—and defended—during World War I. His lectures were enthusiastically attended and his new books read in the years that followed.
And when in World War II, England fought alone, Winston was his countrymen’s dauntless leader and became the inspiration for the whole Free World.
Many changes took place in Winston’s England during his long life. Two years after he was born, Alexandria Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom and Ireland, was proclaimed Empress of India. This was the period of England’s greatest power, when the sun never set
on her domain. During these years, the English went out as colonizers to the farthest ends of the earth. They brought with them English justice, English education, English religion, and English customs. They pushed railroads through jungles, brought new industries into the wastelands, unearthed the untapped mineral wealth of the still underdeveloped regions of Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and the islands of the Pacific. English benevolence and English rule went hand in hand, and England herself became immensely powerful and immensely prosperous.
Victoria’s son, Edward VII, carried on the work of spreading English influence and acquiring new territories. The British Empire and the British Commonwealth of Nations grew and grew until it became the most successful commercial combine ever known—a worldwide Common Market
of the day.
Edward’s son, George V, defended the Empire against the threat of the new Germany in World War I, and his sons, Edward VIII in his short reign and George VI in World War II, carried on the great Victorian tradition. After Victoria’s great great-granddaughter, Elizabeth II, came to the throne, the former English colonies, one by one, began to be given their independence. Then, by their own choosing, many of them elected to become members of the British Commonwealth of Nations.
Through all these changes, Winston Churchill played an important part. And as year succeeded year, he became more famous, more distinguished, and more beloved by people all over the world.
Acknowledgment
For their courtesy and co-operation in supplying the pictures on the pages indicated, the author gives grateful acknowledgment to the following:
WIDE WORLD PHOTOS: Pages 19, 29, 39, 40, 44, 45, 46-47, 56, 57, 59, 60, 61, 63, 65, 70, 74 (2 pictures), 75, 76, 77 (2 pictures), 78-79. 81, 83 (2 pictures), 84-85. 86 (2 pictures), 87, 88, 89, 90, 91 (2 pictures), 93.
NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY PICTURE COLLECTION: Pages 9, 16, 17, 18, 24, 27, 29, 30, 34, 38, 42, 54, 58. 66. 72. 73, 92.
THE BETTMAN ARCHIVE: Pages 10, 16, 17, 21, 22-23, 36-37, 43, 47. 51. 67. 71.
PIX, INC.: Back Endsheet photograph.
CHARLES PHELPS CUSHING: Pages 48, 80. Photographs by Alice Chauncey.
CULVER PICTURES, INC.: Front Endsheet, Pages 14, 15, 16, 20, 25, 26, 33, 35, 41, 45, 53, 56 (2 pictures), 62, 64, 82, 82-83.
I. Born in