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    International Banking
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    International Banking
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    International Banking
    Ebook106 pages2 hours

    International Banking

    By Arnold G. Danielson

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    Currently unavailable

    About this ebook

    The story of international banking over the last twenty years began as an assembling of financial power in Europe, with London as the focal point, that would be totally reversed by the financial crisis of 2008. This was a crisis with its origins in the United States that caused such well-known institutions as Citigroup, Merrill Lynch, Wachovia, Lehman Brothers, Bear Stearns, AIG, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac to be quasi-nationalized, forced to sell, or in the case of Lehman Brothers, fall into bankruptcy. Yet seven years later, America’s four largest banks—JPMorgan, Bank of America, Wells Fargo and a recovered Citigroup—had left every other non-state bank in the world far behind except for HSBC, and had made New York, not London, the indisputable financial capital of the world.

    This book has numerous tables that record the transformation of banking power from Europe to United States, but a number that makes this transformation particularly dramatic is market capital. I have tried to avoid stock valuations in this book and concentrate on earnings, assets and equity capital, but the difference in American and European market values are hard to ignore. In May 2016, the market value of Wells Fargo was $250 billion and that of JPMorgan was $225 billion. At that time, England’s domestic banking leader, Barclay’s, had a market value of $40 billion, and Germany’s leader, Deutsche Bank, had a market value of just $23 billion. These market capitalizations were earnings justified.

    An irony relative to the events of the last eight years has been watching the “too big to fail” concern work in favor of the big American banks as regulators in Washington, London and Basel made life more difficult for their competitors. In Washington, regulators chased away the largest of the big banks’ non-bank rivals, GE Capital, and deterred others from going beyond $50 billion in assets. In London, regulators with “ring fencing” appear to have made the United Kingdom’s last serious investment bank, Barclays, a second tier player. Meanwhile, continuing announcements from Basel of more capital required of large banks is forcing most of the larger European banks to shed assets.

    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherSDP Publishing
    Release dateAug 22, 2016
    ISBN9780997722413
    Unavailable
    International Banking
    Author

    Arnold G. Danielson

    The impact of economic crises and consolidation on banking is something that Arnold G. Danielson witnessed beginning in the early 1970s from inside a bank holding company and from 1977 to 2007 from his firm, Danielson Associates, which was an advisor to banks and thrifts attempting to adjust to a continually changing banking environment. From 1985 to 2007 he wrote the regional and national Danielson Reports that described what was happening in the industry at the time. In 2007, he published his book, “Consolidation of Banking: or How Five Banks Bought 50% of America’s Biggest Business,” of which this book is a revision of and updated to include the period from 2008 to 2013 and place a greater emphasis on the impact of economic crises on banking. Today, Mr. Danielson is retired, and he and his wife, Vivian, split their time between homes in Potomac, Maryland and Nice, France. His time in France and love of history are reflected in a book far removed from banking, “A Traveler’s History of Cote d’Azur,” published in 2012.

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