Integrated Management of Salt Affected Soils in Agriculture: Incorporation of Soil Salinity Control Methods
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About this ebook
Integrated Management of Salt Affected Soils in Agriculture is a concise guide to evaluating and addressing soil issues related to saline content. Methods focused, the book combines agricultural and soil-based insights to efficiently remediate salt-affected soil.
Environmental stress conditions such as salinity have a devastating impact on plant growth and yield, causing considerable loss to agricultural production worldwide. Soil salinity control prevents soil degradation by salinization and reclaim already saline soils. This book will help develop the proper management procedures, to solve problems of crop production on salt-affected soils.
- Provides both agricultural science and soil science perspectives on soil salinity
- Identifies differences in salt-affected soils and appropriate remediation options
- Includes methodologies based on existing scenario and targeted outcomes
Nesreen Houssein Ahmen Abou-Baker
Dr. Nesreen Houssien Abou-Baker has obtained her Ph.D. degree in 2008 from Natural Resources Dept., African Research and Studies Institute, Cairo University. Since 2004, she is actively working in National Research Centre, Egypt, till now. She is an associate professor in Soils and Water Use Dept., has gained twenty one training courses and teaching in summer training course for science faculty’s students, published some articles and eighteen scientific research papers, worked in ten projects funded by Egypt, France or China and participated in sixteen symposiums, nine workshops and ten conferences. She is a member of nine scientific societies and a reviewer of four international scientific journals, a board member of Researchers Club in the period from 12/2005 to 12/2009, a member of the Technical Committee of Agricultural and biological research Div. at NRC from 1/3/2014 to 1/3/2015, one of the founders of the Young Researchers Society and chairman of it in the period from 7/2010 to 3/2015. She obtained to appreciation certificate for 5th place in the research outputs, 2014, associate professor rank, offered by the national research centre.
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- Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Información completa sobre salinización del suelo. Recomendado. Faltó únicamente información sobre suelos sódicos.
Book preview
Integrated Management of Salt Affected Soils in Agriculture - Nesreen Houssein Ahmen Abou-Baker
Integrated Management of Salt Affected Soils in Agriculture
Incorporation of Soil Salinity Control Methods
Nesreen Abou-Baker
National Research Center (NRC), Agricultural and Biological Division, Soils and Water Use Dept.
Ebtisam El-Dardiry
National Research Center (NRC), Agricultural and Biological Division, Water Relations and Irrigation Dept.
Table of Contents
Cover image
Title page
Copyright
Acknowledgements
Preface
Introduction
Chapter 1. Salt-Affected Soil Definition and Types
1.1 Salt-Affected Soils Definition
1.2 Types of Salt-Affected Soils
Chapter 2. Features, Nature, and Distribution of Salt-Affected Soils
2.1 Features of Salt-Affected Soils
2.2 Nature and Distribution of Salt-Affected Soils
Chapter 3. Soil Salinization and Sodification Factors
3.1 Natural Factors
3.2 Anthropogenic Factors
Chapter 4. Effect of Salinity on Soil Microorganisms, Plant Growth, and Yield
4.1 Effect of Salinity on Soil Microorganisms
4.2 Effect of Salinity on Plant Growth and Yield
Chapter 5. Management and Rehabilitation of Salt-Affected Soils
5.1 Scraping and Removal of Surface Soil
5.2 Replacement of Sodium in the Soil
5.3 Leaching Plus Artificial Drainage
5.4 Irrigation Water Management
5.5 Mulch Management
Chapter 6. Crop Management on Salt-Affected Soils
6.1 Selection of Tolerant Crops and Rotation
6.2 Seeds Pretreatment
6.3 Halophytes
Chapter 7. Mineral and Organic Amendments of Salt-Affected Soils
7.1 Balanced Fertilization
7.2 Organic Amendments
7.3 Silicates
7.4 Polymers (Hydrogel)
7.5 Zeolite
7.6 Halophilic Microorganisms
Chapter 8. Genetic Engineering and Economic Aspects
8.1 Genetic Engineering
8.2 Economic Aspects
Summary and Conclusions
References
Copyright
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Notices
Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our understanding, changes in research methods or professional practices, may become necessary.
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ISBN: 978-0-12-804165-9
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Acknowledgements
Appreciation is expressed to all the scientists who are listed in the references sections of this book for their efforts in the expansion of knowledge.
Preface
Abou-Baker Nesreen
Environmental stresses, such as salinity and drought, cause huge losses to agricultural production which can consequently affect the economic strengths of countries. Soil salinity is the most widespread abiotic stress in the arid and semiarid regions. It is responsible for osmotic imbalance, declining water availability for plants, causing ion-specific toxicities or imbalance, decreasing nutrients uptake, and thus, affecting plant physiology (photosynthesis activity, inhibiting plants’ metabolisms and chlorophyll content). The integrated management of salt-affected soils relates to controlling the problems of soil salinity, amelioration, remediation, rehabilitation, or reclaiming salt-affected soils by the collection of some effective methods of soil salinity control.
The mission of this review book is to develop the proper management procedures and to solve the problems of crop production on salt-affected soils through research, new knowledge, and technology. I hope this short book will be useful to those farmers who are suffered from salinity stress and will encourage both young scientists and researchers to continue studying soil salinity control and trying to find the most suitable combination of the different methods to develop an integrated management of salt affected soils. The book may encourage government agencies (Such as Ministry of Agriculture) to guiding the farmers who suffering from soil salinity problems by issuing guidance leaflets containing integrated recommendation for salt affected soils reclamation.
Introduction
Arid and semiarid regions of the world are generally associated with high population density and lower than average per capita incomes and living standards. These regions are vulnerable to food shortages due to the current, unsustainable use of land affected by soil salinization. It is worth mentioning that most of the new reclaimed areas in Egypt are salinity affected (Dewdar and Rady, 2013).
Environmental stress conditions such as drought, heat, salinity, cold, or pathogen infection can have a devastating impact on plant growth and yield under field conditions (Suzuki et al., 2014). Abiotic stresses cause considerable loss to agricultural production worldwide (Shao et al., 2008). Soil salinity is most widespread abiotic stress in the arid and semiarid regions and also a serious problem in areas where groundwater of high salt content is used for irrigation. The most serious salinity problems are being faced in the irrigated arid and semiarid regions of the world and it is in these very regions that irrigation is essential to increase agricultural production to satisfy food requirements.
Salinity is responsible for osmotic imbalance, declining soil water availability for plants, causing ion-specific toxicities or imbalance, decreasing nutrients uptake, and thus, affecting plant physiology (photosynthesis activity, inhibiting plants’ metabolisms, and chlorophyll content). All of these changes contribute to stunted growth and reduced productivity of plants, and consequently, the weakness of