An Outline of Energy Metabolism in Man
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An Outline of Energy Metabolism in Man - Gordon L. Atkins
An outline of energy metabolism in man
Gordon L Atkins
Department of Biochemistry, University of Edinburgh Medical School
Table of Contents
Cover image
Title page
Copyright
Preface
Author’s note
Chapter 1: BASIC PRINCIPLES
Publisher Summary
1.1 General outline of metabolism
1.2 Major fuels and their contribution to energy production
1.3 High energy compounds
1.4 Uses of ATP
1.5 Cell structure and energy metabolism
Chapter 2: CATABOLISM OF SIMPLE UNITS
Publisher Summary
2.1 Overview of catabolism
2.2 Oxidative phosphorylation
2.3 The citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle)
2.4 β-oxidation of free fatty acids
2.5 Glycolysis (the Embden-Meyerhof pathway)
2.6 Anaerobic glycolysis
2.7 Amino acid catabolism
Chapter 3: RESYNTHESIS OF SIMPLE UNITS
Publisher Summary
3.1 Gluconeogenesis
3.2 Free fatty acid synthesis
3.3 Sources of NADPH for free fatty acid synthesis
3.4 Ketone body metabolism
3.5 Lipoprotein metabolism
Chapter 4: STORAGE FORMS
Publisher Summary
4.1 Triacylglycerols
4.2 Glycogen
4.3 Protein
Chapter 5: CONTROL MECHANISMS
Publisher Summary
5.1 Control by hormones
5.2 Control by key enzymes
5.3 Control of enzyme concentration
Chapter 6: INTEGRATION OF PATHWAYS WITHIN CELLS
Publisher Summary
6.1 Metabolism by different tissues
6.2 Oxidation of free fatty acids
6.3 Formation of ketone bodies
6.4 Oxidation of ketone bodies
6.5 Oxidation of amino acids
6.6 Gluconeogenesis from amino acids
6.7 Oxidation of glucose
6.8 Conversion of glucose into free fatty acids
6.9 Glycogen metabolism
Chapter 7: WHOLE BODY METABOLISM
Publisher Summary
7.1 Whole body metabolism
7.2 The fasted state: 6 to 24 hours
7.3 The fasted state: 2 to 4 days
7.4 The fasted state: over 2 weeks
7.5 Fasted and exercised
7.6 The fed state
APPENDIX
Some suggestions for further reading
Index
Copyright
William Heinemann Medical Books Ltd
23 Bedford Square
London WC1B 3HH
First published 1981
Copyright © Gordon L Atkins 1981
ISBN 0 433 00950 0
Typeset by D. P. Media Limited, Hitchin, Herts.
Printed in Great Britain by
R. J. Acford Ltd, Chichester, West Sussex
Preface
This account of energy metabolism is based on a set of lectures that I have given for several years as part of a course organised by the Postgraduate Board of Medicine, University of Edinburgh for the benefit of anaesthetists preparing for Part 1 of the FFA RCS. I have been prompted to write it partly because many of those attending the course have suggested that a book such as this would be useful to them and none is currently available. I am also aware that energy metabolism is taught at this level to many students who are not biochemists, for example anaesthetists, nutritionists, nurses, etc. This book is also written for them.
In the presentation of the material, the basic principle I wish to convey is that material flows smoothly, and in a controlled manner, through several pathways to achieve certain objectives. I wish to avoid rigid compartmentalization of the subject, which most textbooks employ, and to do this I make extensive use of diagrams. As a result, this account is only a framework or outline with most of the detail, especially enzymes and less important intermediates, omitted.
The presentation here follows the pattern of the lecture series. It is a logical development in which, first, the various conventional pathways available to a cell for the metabolism of the three major fuels in man (carbohydrate, fat and protein) are discussed. Then there is a short account of the more important control mechanisms and this is followed by a discussion of the overall pathways in relation to the specialized functions of the various organs. Finally, the objective of the book is reached and the metabolism of the body as a whole is presented.
Author’s note
Since this book was written the compound fructose diphosphate has become known as