Mexican American Baseball in the Alamo Region
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About this ebook
Richard A. Santillan
Author Richard A. Santillan, professor emeritus of ethnic and women studies at California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, and coauthors Mark A. Ocegueda, PhD student in history at the University of California, Irvine, and Terry A. Cannon, executive director of the Baseball Reliquary, serve as advisors to the Latino Baseball History Project in San Bernardino. The project and players� families provided the vintage photographs presented here.
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Mexican American Baseball in the Alamo Region - Richard A. Santillan
University
INTRODUCTION
The study of Mexican Americans in Texas has been a focus of scholars and popular writers for more than 80 years. These authors, both within and outside of academia, have examined a multitude of aspects of this extraordinary story, including community building, labor organizing, politics, religion, immigration, education, and the role of women. One area that has not garnered sufficient research has been the role of sports, particularly baseball, as part of individual and communal lives of Spanish-surname persons in the state (though that is changing). Using the community-based empowerment model that Dr. Richard A. Santillán developed for baseball and softball in California, this book offers a first survey of this topic in the Lone Star State.
Within these pages, readers will find breathtaking photographs and amazing recollections of men and women who played the sport throughout Texas, with emphasis on the corridor from San Antonio to Corpus Christi. While it is easy to assume that ball games, especially those on Sundays, served merely a recreational purpose, there was much more to such social gatherings. The photos contained herein testify to baseball’s power as a mechanism with which to hold to, and celebrate, cultural identify in the face of great racial difficulties. Success on the diamond was used to challenge stereotypes about the physical and intellectual capabilities of Mexicanos that were all too prevalent among the majority population in years past. For example, the 1949 El Paso Bowie High School team won the state title in baseball while overcoming mistreatment throughout the state because its players were of Mexican descent.
In other words, success in baseball, whether in community, scholastic, semipro, or professional leagues, was a valuable tool to show that Spanish speakers could compete effectively in a sport that most Texans valued. If they were able to accomplish impressive feats in baseball, and later softball, what else were they
capable of? The pages that follow provide but a glimpse of the extensive photographic and anecdotal evidence of how significant baseball was, and is, to Mexican American life in Texas.
—Jorge Iber, PhD
Texas Tech University
1
SAN ANTONIO
There are ghosts in this city. Ghosts of San Antonio’s past are quickly brought up in conversations among those who remember them: Leal Street Diamond; Escobar Field, named after Eleterio; Burrows Field at Old South San High School; Van Daele Stadium, across the street from Old Mission Stadium; Pittman Sullivan; the Polo Field at Brackenridge Park; Richter Field at Laredo and Santa Rosa; De la Garza Field; and even Sánchez Spencer Field. The peloteros recall the memories fondly. These were the fields they aspired to play on as each generation grew up watching the last. From the Catholic Youth Organization, to high school ball, to unorganized semipro leagues, to the Spanish American League—each decade creating new memories. On these fields, a man was not defined by the color of his skin or what side of town he was from. He was defined by his ability to throw a ball, swing a bat, and field with a glove. The ghosts will always be in this city.
Few Texans are unaware of the influence Mexico has had on the city of San Antonio, evident in the architecture, music, and endless culinary delights. All of these have helped to establish a strong Mexican American culture that is a timeless presence on the banks of the San Antonio River. What many do not realize, or just have not thought about in years, is the role of baseball in defining the identity of this tight-knit community. When players begin to talk about Sundays at the fields named above, their eyes light up and smiles emerge. They remember the grandstands full of families and children. They remember the competitive spirit it engendered among the teams, and the lasting friendships this competition forged. They remember mariachi bands, restaurants, and cantinas. All of these come together to solidify a community and reaffirm the importance of the game to the men who played it and the community that rooted for them.
The Stonewall Grocery team, posing here in 1953, was one of the better teams that played around San Antonio that year. The majority of these players were in their early twenties. Stonewall Grocery played at Van Daele Stadium in San Antonio, one of the many neighborhood stadiums no longer around. Richard C. Zamora, Gilbert Bailey, Rudy Gonzáles, the Villanueva brothers Bobby and Richard, George Rodríguez, and Louie Martínez, all lifelong friends, were part of this team. (Courtesy of Richard C. Zamora.)
Richard C. Zamora, of the Moonglow Athletic Club baseball team, is seen here around 1952. The Moonglow club was a member of the Hot Wells League, which played on the south side of San Antonio. This picture was taken at Burrows Field in South San. The outfield was unfenced from center field all the way to the foul line in right field. In fact, deep right field was used as the parking lot on game days. All of the Zamora brothers played on Burrows Field at one time or another. (Courtesy of Richard C. Zamora.)
The Texans were sponsored by Hippo Size, an old San Antonio soda water distributor. The baseball club is seen here at a game in Houston. The Hippo Size Soda Company was run by Silverio Garza of San Antonio. Oftentimes, local business owners would sponsor these teams as both a moneymaker for San Antonio crowds and as a means of getting a bit of free advertising. The Mexican American business community played a major part in financing many local semipro teams. Among those shown here are (first row) Jerry Vaca (far left), Kino Espinoza (fifth from left), and Gilbert Bailey (far right); (second row) Armando Villareal (second from left), Henry García (fifth from left), Amado Frias (sixth from left), Herbert Alonzo (third from right), ? Rodríguez (second from right), Richard C. Zamora (far right). (Courtesy of Richard C.