Termites of the Top End
By AN Andersen and P Jacklyn
()
About this ebook
Termite mounds are a distinctive feature of Australia's Top End, and the role of termites is crucial to ecosystems in this part of the world. It is estimated that more than 100 species of termites inhabit the Top End, but little is known about many of these.
Termites of the Top End is an attractively illustrated, popular guide for anyone interested in these fascinating insects, and will be useful to students, amateur naturalists and researchers alike. Detail is provided on the six species most likely to be encountered and recognised.
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Termites of the Top End - AN Andersen
introduction
Termite mounds are a distinctive part of Australia’s Top End. These earthen structures range from small cones and domes hidden in the undergrowth, to giant monoliths which stand like sentinels looking imperiously over the savanna landscape. They make for some stunning scenery. But, although termite mounds are such a conspicuous part of the Top End environment, the creatures that build them are obscure and hardly noticed. Both locals and visitors alike have long been fascinated by termites, but to most the habits of these tiny, pale-skinned insects remain a mystery.
the termite society
Termites are social insects, living in colonies with populations that can number in the millions. Like those of ants, bees and social wasps, a termite colony comprises different castes specialised for different functions. The founding parents of a termite colony are the king and queen, the so-called primary reproductives. Together they produce all other colony members. The most numerous caste consists of the workers, which may represent over 90 per cent of all colony members. They are responsible for building the nest, for the foraging, and for the domestic chores such as cleaning the nest and playing nursery maid to the brood. The other major caste comprises the soldiers, the colony’s specialist defence force.
A termite colony also includes nymphs which, when sexually mature, will fly out of the nest to start new colonies. In the Top End this usually occurs during the wet season, when swarms of what are popularly known as ‘flying ants’ are a common sight, particularly after the first rains during November and December. A colony may also include a few supplementary reproductives, which are nymphs or workers that can attain sexual maturity in the absence of the king and queen. This might occur when the king or queen dies, or when a new colony buds off from the parent