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    The Mechanics of Clockwork - Lever Escapements, Cylinder Escapements, Verge Escapements, Shockproof Escapements, and Their Maintenance and Repair
    The Mechanics of Clockwork - Lever Escapements, Cylinder Escapements, Verge Escapements, Shockproof Escapements, and Their Maintenance and Repair
    The Mechanics of Clockwork - Lever Escapements, Cylinder Escapements, Verge Escapements, Shockproof Escapements, and Their Maintenance and Repair
    Ebook58 pages1 hour

    The Mechanics of Clockwork - Lever Escapements, Cylinder Escapements, Verge Escapements, Shockproof Escapements, and Their Maintenance and Repair

    By Anon Anon

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    About this ebook

    This vintage book contains a comprehensive guide to the inner workings of a watch, with information on the mechanics of clockwork lever escapements, cylinder escapements, verge escapements, shockproof escapements, and their maintenance and repair. Although old, the information contained herein is timeless and will be of considerable utility to anyone with an interest in the internal machinations of time pieces. The chapters of this book include: A history of clocks and watches, The escapement, The lever escapement, Lever escapement, Faulty escapements, Shockproof escapements and magnetism, and Chronometer escapement. Many antiquarian books such as this are increasingly rare and expensive, and it is with this in mind that we are republishing this vintage text now in an affordable, modern edition complete with a specially commissioned introduction on the history of clocks and watches.
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherRead Books Ltd.
    Release dateApr 16, 2013
    ISBN9781447490906
    The Mechanics of Clockwork - Lever Escapements, Cylinder Escapements, Verge Escapements, Shockproof Escapements, and Their Maintenance and Repair

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      Book preview

      The Mechanics of Clockwork - Lever Escapements, Cylinder Escapements, Verge Escapements, Shockproof Escapements, and Their Maintenance and Repair - Anon Anon

      THE ESCAPEMENT

      ALL of the movement beyond the escape wheel pinion is called the escapement, and here the heart of the subject is reached. It is obvious that a watch with a poor power supply, a roughly finished train, and motion work thrown together, will not give good results, however fine the escapement. It is also obvious that unless the escapement is properly made and adjusted, all the other money and effort spent on the watch are thrown away.

      Only five main types of watch escapement have occupied the attention of horologists since watches were first made: many others may have been invented and re-invented, but only the verge, cylinder, lever, duplex, and chronometer have been used in any numbers. Of these the lever is the most overwhelmingly popular because of the excellent results it gives on the small size movements of to-day. The lever has settled down to one theoretical shape although a technical specialist has published notes on fifty variations.

      The verge is now entirely discarded, although verge watches still exist and even continue to go. It was an adaptation of the foliot balance used for the clocks of the sixteenth century. Wear on the train was excessive and good timekeeping was impossible; even the best verge watch could not do better than keep time within ten minutes a day. More often than not the error was thirty minutes.

      The duplex escapement was at one time used on many expensive watches and on many thousands of a cheap type of watch not now in production. Briefly explained, the escape wheel had two sets of teeth, one set horizontal and the other vertical on the rim of the wheel. A small roller with a notch to allow an escape tooth to pass and finger to take the impluse were fitted to the balance staff. It was a frictional rest escapement, the balance was never free, and as such unreliable. It had the knack of missing a beat when jolted. The duplex watch is probably more rare to-day than the old verge in the antique shops.

      The escapement to become very popular on its introduction (anything to replace the verge was sure of a ready welcome) was the cylinder. This is still made in considerable numbers, in millions a year, in Switzerland, and has its followers as an escapement suitable for a cheap watch. Its use is declining, the lever can be made so much more reliable.

      The disadvantages of the cylinder escapement are the frictional rest (one part rubbing another under pressure), when the escape tooth is held against the cylinder wall, and the lack of free action of the balance. The balance must be light, and is seldom compensated. Adjustment to position errors cannot be made. Very early attempts were made to reduce friction losses by making the cylinder of ruby or sapphire; many watches so fitted exist and work to-day.

      For very cheap movements the pin-pallet, a simplified form of levçr escapement, is regarded as satisfactory. It can be made with stout parts and plenty of clearance, so that with a strong mainspring it can go and keep going. It is the alarm clock escapement adapted to a watch. In America watches of this type are known as pocket clocks, an apt and not derogatory description.

      The chronometer escapement is the most precise in performance, but as it is very expensive to make, and delicate to use, is not in favour for watches. Nevertheless many fine chronometer escapement watches continue to be made;

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