Saline
By Susan Kosky
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About this ebook
Susan Kosky
Susan Kosky has an M.S. in Historic Preservation from Eastern Michigan University and is a member of numerous historic preservation organizations. Also a member of the Saline Area Historical Society and the Washtenaw County Historical Society, she serves as the manager of the gift shop at the Museum on Main Street.
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Saline - Susan Kosky
Collection.
INTRODUCTION
Saline in the twenty-first century is a growing community. As in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, new families are continually moving into the area, bringing their cultures and histories with them. Hopefully this book will introduce them to the Saline that was
—and for the old timers, will be a source of fond memories.
The Saline River was named by early French fur traders and explorers who derived its name from salt reserves found in the area. Before pioneer settlement in the 1820s, the French, Native Americans, and many animals were attracted to the region because of the salt. In 1817, the Saline area was one of six sections of land conveyed to the University of Michigan, still in Detroit, by Chippewa, Ottawa, and Potawatomi Indians as a potential site for educational benefits for Native American children. The Saline site was eventually rejected, and a salt spring along the Rouge River chosen instead. Salt reserves have been documented on two known area sites: 8784 Saline-Macon Road, once the Ruckman-Finch farm, and 550 S. Ann Arbor, once the home of A.W. Barr.
Mr. Barr found Native American artifacts on his property, however the location of burial grounds or a village has never been found. Canoes could come to Saline from Lake Erie on the Saline and Raisin Rivers, so it is possible that Native Americans camped here, but did not establish a village. In a piece from the 1886 Michigan Pioneer and Historical Collection, F.A. Dewey recounts his 1829 travels through the Saline area, noting the salt springs and the remains of a military barracks from 1814 used by General Harrison’s army to defend the area from Indian attack. Orange Risdon, the man who surveyed the Detroit to Chicago Road (now US-12), also documented Native American villages on his 1825 survey map. The closest to Saline at that time was in the Macon area. In fact, the Detroit to Chicago route that Risdon surveyed as a military road was the Great Sauk Trail, one of six Native American trails in the Saline area.
Risdon came to Michigan in 1823 and apparently liked the Saline area enough to eventually make it his home. Although Leonard Miller is credited with building the first log cabin in the area on the Saline River near the salt springs in 1826, Orange Risdon is celebrated as the founder of Saline.
Returning to the area in 1824, Risdon purchased 160 acres of land in Section 1 of Saline Township. In addition to building a house in 1829 on the west end of his property, much of Risdon’s land was eventually donated for various buildings. North-south roads to Ann Arbor, Tecumseh, and Monroe crossed the Chicago Road, making it an ideal site for settlement. Platted by Risdon in 1832 to be six city blocks with the Chicago Road as its main street, the hamlet was officially called Saline, named after the river running through it.
Settlement in Saline took place from approximately the 1820s to the 1850s. Pioneers came primarily from the eastern states, many by way of the Erie Canal, which was completed in 1825. Access to the area using Native American trails and the Saline River encouraged settlement. Homes, churches, and businesses gradually formed the community of Saline. In 1848, Haywood’s addition stretched the hamlet to the west. The surrounding townships of Lodi, Pittsfield, York, and Saline gradually became a patchwork of farmsteads, cultivated fields, and woods. Country schools began to dot the area. During this period farmers engaged in subsistence farming, growing and making what each family needed to survive, and sharing or bartering with neighbors if there was an excess in production.
In 1866, contiguous portions of Lodi, Pittsfield, York, and Saline Townships incorporated to form the Village of Saline. Two things happened in the second half of the nineteenth century that influenced the lives of Salinians. One was the industrial revolution in the United States and its innovative tools, which enabled people to create new styles in architecture, build new businesses, and survive life on the farm a bit easier. Agriculture evolved into a business rather than just a means of survival. The second occurrence was the arrival of the railroad in 1870,